What Is Citizen Science? – A Scientometric Meta-Analysis, 2016
The concept of citizen science (CS) is currently referred to by many actors inside and outside sc... more The concept of citizen science (CS) is currently referred to by many actors inside and outside science and research. Several descriptions of this purportedly new approach of science are often heard in connection with large datasets and the possibilities of mobilizing crowds outside science to assists with observations and classifications. However, other accounts refer to CS as a way of democratizing science, aiding concerned communities in creating data to influence policy and as a way of promoting political decision processes involving environment and health.
Page 1. Public consultation and foresight exercises: The Swedish case 1 1 Public consultation and... more Page 1. Public consultation and foresight exercises: The Swedish case 1 1 Public consultation and foresight exercises: The Swedish case Jan Nolin, Fréderik Bragesjö, Dick Kasperovski The following text discusses public consultation and foresight research in Sweden. It ...
Papper presenterat vid LETStudio 26-27 januari …, 2010
Using a typology of scientific governance together with the concept of scientific citizenship, th... more Using a typology of scientific governance together with the concept of scientific citizenship, the present paper argues how different but coexisting modes of governance science exist in Swedish university-society relations.These modes entailed attribution and appropriation of various ...
This paper focuses on how particularities are performed and made to travel through the creation o... more This paper focuses on how particularities are performed and made to travel through the creation of trust. The Swedish Species Observation System (Artportalen) is one of the largest inscription and calculation centers for citizen data in the world, used extensively by public authorities in Sweden. Observations by members of the public become actionable through environmental governance laws in Sweden. These observations are made through networks of things and humans in which trust is created but unevenly distributed. Important for them to be trusted and to travel are such things as computer software to filter and map observations, red lists, GIS-tools to determine time and place, and validation committees. However, trust is more concentrated in a core set of actors, and there depends on interpersonal relations – though these relations are facilitated by other parts of the epistemic system.
Especially the second set of AoIR guidelines for research ethics (Markham and Buchanan 2012) demo... more Especially the second set of AoIR guidelines for research ethics (Markham and Buchanan 2012) demonstrate that progress can be made in laying out useful approaches for analyzing and resolving at least very many of emerging ethical challenges facing Internet researchers. But of course, new research possibilities, contexts, and approaches continue to issue in sometimes strikingly novel ethical difficulties that may challenge in turn more established frameworks and guidelines. Critical to the ongoing development of Internet Research Ethics (IRE), then, is to bring forward new cases and difficulties that, as in previous cycles of guideline development, will serve as fruitful foci for reflection and deliberation that then contribute to both improving our abilities to respond to such new challenges and, eventually, the articulation of subsequent guidelines. Hence, our roundtable showcases important examples of contemporary research ethics issues – most especially as these are evoked by new...
Konferenspapper Till 4s Och Easst Gemensamma Konferens 20 23 Augusti 2008 Rotterdam, 2008
The concept of “scientific citizenship” is useful when analyzing the inclusion and exclusion of a... more The concept of “scientific citizenship” is useful when analyzing the inclusion and exclusion of actors deemed relevant in their relation to science. By using this concept we investigate how rights and duties in relation to science at different levels in the Swedish university system are regulated by juridical reforms. A rapid expansion of the Swedish higher education system, as in most western countries, occurred in the mid-20th century. As a result of political initiatives, several parliamentary investigations and lengthy discussions, a new law of higher education was decided upon in 1977. The law did not only stipulate education and research as essential tasks of universities and colleges, but did also regulate the relation between university science and Swedish citizens. This was called the “third assignment” of the universities, supplementing the two former tasks of education and research. Henceforth higher education employees were required by law to inform citizens of R&D results and their possible applications. The third assignment remained unchanged for two decades, but in 1996 an important revision was made. Instead of creating a “general” citizen as the addressee of the information process, the new formulation gave prominence to “collaboration with the surrounding society”. In the perspective of scientific citizenship, parts of the public were no longer conceptualised as a collective in constant state of knowledge deficiency and in that sense as a problem to address in sustaining a sound democratic society. Now society at large (local regions, industry, cultural institutions etc), more than before, would be the beneficiary of cooperation with universities. With the 1996 version a more differentiated public in terms of scientific citizenship was created to accommodate this new political agenda. As a consequence rights and duties in relation to science became more context-sensitive. Important contexts where the regulation, implementation and their consequences for practices of scientific citizenship in the Swedish higher education system are created are the focus for this project. In both the original formulation and the subsequent reformulation of the higher education law of Sweden, certain rights and obligations are assigned to actors on macro, meso and micro levels. On a macro level this entails studying the documentation of political, parliamentary and legislative processes, in relation to the formulation of so called third assignment in the Swedish higher education law of 1977 and 1996. The meso level is investigated by the same means to describe how regulative initiatives were managed in local policies at universities and colleges. The practice of actors at university departments, for instance in regulating the general tasks, functions and responsibilities of employees and recruiting new faculty, are studied at the micro level. We will show how the regulation of scientific citizenship by law is re-contextualized through practices at different levels in the university system. This study of the early Swedish regulation adds new insights to the research of scientific citizenship and the construction of rights and duties in relation to science.
... 1 CHAPTER 3.2. Museums and Science Centres as Spaces for OPUS: Similarities and differences a... more ... 1 CHAPTER 3.2. Museums and Science Centres as Spaces for OPUS: Similarities and differences across Europe Jan Nolin, Fredrik Bragesjö, Dick Kasperowski 1. Introduction As science museums can be up to several centuries old, they are probably one of the ...
What Is Citizen Science? – A Scientometric Meta-Analysis, 2016
The concept of citizen science (CS) is currently referred to by many actors inside and outside sc... more The concept of citizen science (CS) is currently referred to by many actors inside and outside science and research. Several descriptions of this purportedly new approach of science are often heard in connection with large datasets and the possibilities of mobilizing crowds outside science to assists with observations and classifications. However, other accounts refer to CS as a way of democratizing science, aiding concerned communities in creating data to influence policy and as a way of promoting political decision processes involving environment and health.
Page 1. Public consultation and foresight exercises: The Swedish case 1 1 Public consultation and... more Page 1. Public consultation and foresight exercises: The Swedish case 1 1 Public consultation and foresight exercises: The Swedish case Jan Nolin, Fréderik Bragesjö, Dick Kasperovski The following text discusses public consultation and foresight research in Sweden. It ...
Papper presenterat vid LETStudio 26-27 januari …, 2010
Using a typology of scientific governance together with the concept of scientific citizenship, th... more Using a typology of scientific governance together with the concept of scientific citizenship, the present paper argues how different but coexisting modes of governance science exist in Swedish university-society relations.These modes entailed attribution and appropriation of various ...
This paper focuses on how particularities are performed and made to travel through the creation o... more This paper focuses on how particularities are performed and made to travel through the creation of trust. The Swedish Species Observation System (Artportalen) is one of the largest inscription and calculation centers for citizen data in the world, used extensively by public authorities in Sweden. Observations by members of the public become actionable through environmental governance laws in Sweden. These observations are made through networks of things and humans in which trust is created but unevenly distributed. Important for them to be trusted and to travel are such things as computer software to filter and map observations, red lists, GIS-tools to determine time and place, and validation committees. However, trust is more concentrated in a core set of actors, and there depends on interpersonal relations – though these relations are facilitated by other parts of the epistemic system.
Especially the second set of AoIR guidelines for research ethics (Markham and Buchanan 2012) demo... more Especially the second set of AoIR guidelines for research ethics (Markham and Buchanan 2012) demonstrate that progress can be made in laying out useful approaches for analyzing and resolving at least very many of emerging ethical challenges facing Internet researchers. But of course, new research possibilities, contexts, and approaches continue to issue in sometimes strikingly novel ethical difficulties that may challenge in turn more established frameworks and guidelines. Critical to the ongoing development of Internet Research Ethics (IRE), then, is to bring forward new cases and difficulties that, as in previous cycles of guideline development, will serve as fruitful foci for reflection and deliberation that then contribute to both improving our abilities to respond to such new challenges and, eventually, the articulation of subsequent guidelines. Hence, our roundtable showcases important examples of contemporary research ethics issues – most especially as these are evoked by new...
Konferenspapper Till 4s Och Easst Gemensamma Konferens 20 23 Augusti 2008 Rotterdam, 2008
The concept of “scientific citizenship” is useful when analyzing the inclusion and exclusion of a... more The concept of “scientific citizenship” is useful when analyzing the inclusion and exclusion of actors deemed relevant in their relation to science. By using this concept we investigate how rights and duties in relation to science at different levels in the Swedish university system are regulated by juridical reforms. A rapid expansion of the Swedish higher education system, as in most western countries, occurred in the mid-20th century. As a result of political initiatives, several parliamentary investigations and lengthy discussions, a new law of higher education was decided upon in 1977. The law did not only stipulate education and research as essential tasks of universities and colleges, but did also regulate the relation between university science and Swedish citizens. This was called the “third assignment” of the universities, supplementing the two former tasks of education and research. Henceforth higher education employees were required by law to inform citizens of R&D results and their possible applications. The third assignment remained unchanged for two decades, but in 1996 an important revision was made. Instead of creating a “general” citizen as the addressee of the information process, the new formulation gave prominence to “collaboration with the surrounding society”. In the perspective of scientific citizenship, parts of the public were no longer conceptualised as a collective in constant state of knowledge deficiency and in that sense as a problem to address in sustaining a sound democratic society. Now society at large (local regions, industry, cultural institutions etc), more than before, would be the beneficiary of cooperation with universities. With the 1996 version a more differentiated public in terms of scientific citizenship was created to accommodate this new political agenda. As a consequence rights and duties in relation to science became more context-sensitive. Important contexts where the regulation, implementation and their consequences for practices of scientific citizenship in the Swedish higher education system are created are the focus for this project. In both the original formulation and the subsequent reformulation of the higher education law of Sweden, certain rights and obligations are assigned to actors on macro, meso and micro levels. On a macro level this entails studying the documentation of political, parliamentary and legislative processes, in relation to the formulation of so called third assignment in the Swedish higher education law of 1977 and 1996. The meso level is investigated by the same means to describe how regulative initiatives were managed in local policies at universities and colleges. The practice of actors at university departments, for instance in regulating the general tasks, functions and responsibilities of employees and recruiting new faculty, are studied at the micro level. We will show how the regulation of scientific citizenship by law is re-contextualized through practices at different levels in the university system. This study of the early Swedish regulation adds new insights to the research of scientific citizenship and the construction of rights and duties in relation to science.
... 1 CHAPTER 3.2. Museums and Science Centres as Spaces for OPUS: Similarities and differences a... more ... 1 CHAPTER 3.2. Museums and Science Centres as Spaces for OPUS: Similarities and differences across Europe Jan Nolin, Fredrik Bragesjö, Dick Kasperowski 1. Introduction As science museums can be up to several centuries old, they are probably one of the ...
Biodiversity informatics produces global biodiversity knowledge through the collection and analys... more Biodiversity informatics produces global biodiversity knowledge through the collection and analysis of biodiversity data using informatics techniques. To do so, biodiversity informatics relies upon data accrual, standardization, transferability, openness, and “invisible” infrastructure. What biodiversity informatics mean to society, however, cannot be adequately understood without recognizing what organizes biodiversity data. Using insights from science and technology studies, we story the organizing “visions” behind the growth of biodiversity informatics infrastructures in Sweden—an early adopter of digital technologies and significant contributor to global biodiversity data—through interviews, scientific literature, governmental reports and popular publications. This case story discloses the organizational formation of Swedish biodiversity informatics infrastructures from the 1970s to the present day, illustrating how situated perspectives or “visions” shaped the philosophies, dir...
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Papers by Dick Kasperowski