Nepal has a negligible share of global Green House Gases (GHGs) emission. However, amidst sluggis... more Nepal has a negligible share of global Green House Gases (GHGs) emission. However, amidst sluggish economic growth rate, the emission is increasing at significantly higher rate compared to its fast growing neighboring economies like China, India and Bangladesh. This higher growth rate of emission is mainly due to the constantly increasing use of fossil fuels, emission from livestock, and use of nitrogen fertilizer. Sector-wise emission shows that agriculture and forestry are two most important sectors contributing almost ninety percent of the total emissions. Hence, any mitigation effort in Nepal should consider these two sectors, which are also the most important sectors for poor people. Consequently, intervention in these sectors will help to build rural community's resilience to Climate Change (CC). Increase in temperature and variable rainfall pattern have a negative direct influence on water resources at the highest level followed by agriculture, forest, and health sectors of the country. Increased risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and higher variability in runoff will adversely affect livelihood assets. Crop loss due to flooding, inundation, landslide, and drought is a common phenomenon in Nepal causing reduced production of major crops. Nepal is experiencing depletion of forest land due to landslides, floods, water erosion, and forest fires. The spread of vector-borne disease in the new regions as a consequence of CC is the major challenge in the health sector. Being signatories of major international legislations related to CC, Nepal has a prospect to generate revenue through mitigation effort, which could be used to deal with adverse impact caused by CC. Alternative energy promotion, forest management, and agricultural practice are potential areas, which can generate revenue from carbon trading. All these prospective areas have multiple functions of mitigation, adaptation as well as economic empowerment of the vulnerable section of the population. Therefore, a proactive role of Nepal in international forum with adequate research and development to incorporate these aspects in international negotiations and capacity development of its own in the field is very crucial to deal with the adverse impacts of CC and meet its overarching goal of poverty reduction as well. In addition, further research on the impact of climate variables on agriculture based on the historical evidence as well as livelihood of rural poor based on the household level data is recommended.
Climate change influences crop yield vis-à-vis crop production to a greater extent in countries l... more Climate change influences crop yield vis-à-vis crop production to a greater extent in countries like Nepal where agriculture depends largely on natural circumstances. Plausible scenarios of climate change like higher temperatures and changes in precipitation will directly affect crop yields. Therefore, this study assesses the effect of observed climate variables on yield of major food-crops in Nepal, namely rice, wheat,
Rural communities, who are dominantly dependent upon natural resources, have always been adjustin... more Rural communities, who are dominantly dependent upon natural resources, have always been adjusting their livelihood against the vagaries of climate. With the global climate change, these communities have been placed in greater vulnerability as the weather and extreme events have become more unpredictable. In order to formulate suitable policy measures to address their livelihood, assessment of local level vulnerability is very important. This paper analyzes the micro-level vulnerability of rural Chepang community in Nepal utilizing the data collected from 221 Chepang households from four villages located in four different districts. The analysis is based on indices constructed from carefully selected indicators for exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The indicators are weighted using Principal Component Analysis. Inter-village analysis of the vulnerability index indicate that the existing exposure in a locality is often modified at the household level depending upon the in...
Poverty, being persistent and widespread, still remains core issue to be researched in Nepal. Mor... more Poverty, being persistent and widespread, still remains core issue to be researched in Nepal. Moreover, there lacks study on dynamic aspects of poverty at the household level. Therefore, this study intends to capture the dynamics of poverty in poverty stricken Far-Western Rural Hill district of Baitadi based on panel data collected through field survey in 2001 and 2007. An empirical analysis is made by employing multinomial logit regression by dividing household into three categories; non-poor, transitory poor, and chronic poor. The results suggest that the incidence of poverty declined sharply between the study period, but is more favored in relatively well-off Village Development Committee (VDC), Patan. Similarly, excessively high proportion of Occupational Caste (OC) households are chronically poor, none of them were non-poor in both surveys. Moreover, the risk of them falling into chronic poverty is significantly higher. Also, female-headed household, and household with higher d...
Abstract: In order to formulate any coping or adaptation strategies, first of all the communities... more Abstract: In order to formulate any coping or adaptation strategies, first of all the communities facing climate change should perceive that the changes are indeed taking place. This paper analyzes how the Chepangs, one of the highly marginalized indigenous nationalities ...
Rice is the most important staple food crop grown in Nepal. This study tries to analyze the produ... more Rice is the most important staple food crop grown in Nepal. This study tries to analyze the production situation and production efficiency of rice in different development regions of Nepal. In this study 480 farmers were selected randomly from 12 districts representing entire five ...
This study was conducted with the objective of analysing the role of forest plant resources in th... more This study was conducted with the objective of analysing the role of forest plant resources in the food security of Chepangs, a highly marginalized indigenous nationality in Nepal. Shaktikhor Village Development Committee (VDC) in Chitwan district and Handikhola VDC in ...
Nepal being the poorest country in the world, poverty remains one of the crucial development agen... more Nepal being the poorest country in the world, poverty remains one of the crucial development agenda in Nepal since it started its development effort in 1956. Therefore, this review paper analyzes the poverty and food insecurity in Nepal. Macro economic indicators of the country i.e., Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate and inflation rate shows that the country is historically a low growth country with inflation rate always higher than the GDP growth rate. Therefore, macroeconomic indicators are not in favorable condition to tackle the overarching problem of poverty incidence in the country. Since 1976/77, poverty incidence is in increasing trend in Nepal. It was only in 2003/04, some progress in reducing poverty was reported, which was mainly due to the signifi cantly higher infl ow of remittance compared to earlier years, rapid urbanization, and an increase in non-farm incomes. This resulted not only in the decline in proportion of population suffering from poverty but also decline in the absolute number of population suffering from poverty. However, such decline in incidence of poverty was achieved at the cost of increased inequality. The gini coeffi cient increased from 0.24 in the year 1984/85 to 0.41 in 2003/04. Imbalanced growth in rural and urban areas could be the reason for increase in gini coeffi cient. Reduction of poverty in urban areas remains always high
Nepal has a negligible share of global Green House Gases (GHGs) emission. However, amidst sluggis... more Nepal has a negligible share of global Green House Gases (GHGs) emission. However, amidst sluggish economic growth rate, the emission is increasing at significantly higher rate compared to its fast growing neighboring economies like China, India and Bangladesh. This higher growth rate of emission is mainly due to the constantly increasing use of fossil fuels, emission from livestock, and use of nitrogen fertilizer. Sector-wise emission shows that agriculture and forestry are two most important sectors contributing almost ninety percent of the total emissions. Hence, any mitigation effort in Nepal should consider these two sectors, which are also the most important sectors for poor people. Consequently, intervention in these sectors will help to build rural community's resilience to Climate Change (CC). Increase in temperature and variable rainfall pattern have a negative direct influence on water resources at the highest level followed by agriculture, forest, and health sectors of the country. Increased risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) and higher variability in runoff will adversely affect livelihood assets. Crop loss due to flooding, inundation, landslide, and drought is a common phenomenon in Nepal causing reduced production of major crops. Nepal is experiencing depletion of forest land due to landslides, floods, water erosion, and forest fires. The spread of vector-borne disease in the new regions as a consequence of CC is the major challenge in the health sector. Being signatories of major international legislations related to CC, Nepal has a prospect to generate revenue through mitigation effort, which could be used to deal with adverse impact caused by CC. Alternative energy promotion, forest management, and agricultural practice are potential areas, which can generate revenue from carbon trading. All these prospective areas have multiple functions of mitigation, adaptation as well as economic empowerment of the vulnerable section of the population. Therefore, a proactive role of Nepal in international forum with adequate research and development to incorporate these aspects in international negotiations and capacity development of its own in the field is very crucial to deal with the adverse impacts of CC and meet its overarching goal of poverty reduction as well. In addition, further research on the impact of climate variables on agriculture based on the historical evidence as well as livelihood of rural poor based on the household level data is recommended.
Climate change influences crop yield vis-à-vis crop production to a greater extent in countries l... more Climate change influences crop yield vis-à-vis crop production to a greater extent in countries like Nepal where agriculture depends largely on natural circumstances. Plausible scenarios of climate change like higher temperatures and changes in precipitation will directly affect crop yields. Therefore, this study assesses the effect of observed climate variables on yield of major food-crops in Nepal, namely rice, wheat,
Rural communities, who are dominantly dependent upon natural resources, have always been adjustin... more Rural communities, who are dominantly dependent upon natural resources, have always been adjusting their livelihood against the vagaries of climate. With the global climate change, these communities have been placed in greater vulnerability as the weather and extreme events have become more unpredictable. In order to formulate suitable policy measures to address their livelihood, assessment of local level vulnerability is very important. This paper analyzes the micro-level vulnerability of rural Chepang community in Nepal utilizing the data collected from 221 Chepang households from four villages located in four different districts. The analysis is based on indices constructed from carefully selected indicators for exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The indicators are weighted using Principal Component Analysis. Inter-village analysis of the vulnerability index indicate that the existing exposure in a locality is often modified at the household level depending upon the in...
Poverty, being persistent and widespread, still remains core issue to be researched in Nepal. Mor... more Poverty, being persistent and widespread, still remains core issue to be researched in Nepal. Moreover, there lacks study on dynamic aspects of poverty at the household level. Therefore, this study intends to capture the dynamics of poverty in poverty stricken Far-Western Rural Hill district of Baitadi based on panel data collected through field survey in 2001 and 2007. An empirical analysis is made by employing multinomial logit regression by dividing household into three categories; non-poor, transitory poor, and chronic poor. The results suggest that the incidence of poverty declined sharply between the study period, but is more favored in relatively well-off Village Development Committee (VDC), Patan. Similarly, excessively high proportion of Occupational Caste (OC) households are chronically poor, none of them were non-poor in both surveys. Moreover, the risk of them falling into chronic poverty is significantly higher. Also, female-headed household, and household with higher d...
Abstract: In order to formulate any coping or adaptation strategies, first of all the communities... more Abstract: In order to formulate any coping or adaptation strategies, first of all the communities facing climate change should perceive that the changes are indeed taking place. This paper analyzes how the Chepangs, one of the highly marginalized indigenous nationalities ...
Rice is the most important staple food crop grown in Nepal. This study tries to analyze the produ... more Rice is the most important staple food crop grown in Nepal. This study tries to analyze the production situation and production efficiency of rice in different development regions of Nepal. In this study 480 farmers were selected randomly from 12 districts representing entire five ...
This study was conducted with the objective of analysing the role of forest plant resources in th... more This study was conducted with the objective of analysing the role of forest plant resources in the food security of Chepangs, a highly marginalized indigenous nationality in Nepal. Shaktikhor Village Development Committee (VDC) in Chitwan district and Handikhola VDC in ...
Nepal being the poorest country in the world, poverty remains one of the crucial development agen... more Nepal being the poorest country in the world, poverty remains one of the crucial development agenda in Nepal since it started its development effort in 1956. Therefore, this review paper analyzes the poverty and food insecurity in Nepal. Macro economic indicators of the country i.e., Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate and inflation rate shows that the country is historically a low growth country with inflation rate always higher than the GDP growth rate. Therefore, macroeconomic indicators are not in favorable condition to tackle the overarching problem of poverty incidence in the country. Since 1976/77, poverty incidence is in increasing trend in Nepal. It was only in 2003/04, some progress in reducing poverty was reported, which was mainly due to the signifi cantly higher infl ow of remittance compared to earlier years, rapid urbanization, and an increase in non-farm incomes. This resulted not only in the decline in proportion of population suffering from poverty but also decline in the absolute number of population suffering from poverty. However, such decline in incidence of poverty was achieved at the cost of increased inequality. The gini coeffi cient increased from 0.24 in the year 1984/85 to 0.41 in 2003/04. Imbalanced growth in rural and urban areas could be the reason for increase in gini coeffi cient. Reduction of poverty in urban areas remains always high
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