○cc This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attributio... more ○cc This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the upper-limb motions and postures of grapes-harvesting tasks using electrical goniometers and analyze the upper-limb motions in a kinematic way to assess the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
This study evaluated the effects of the syllable number(one, two), font type(gothic, myung), colo... more This study evaluated the effects of the syllable number(one, two), font type(gothic, myung), color contrast (black on white, white on black), display type(paper, LCD), age(20s, 60s) and character size(2~80pt) on the Korean characters' legibility. Total twenty subjects from two age groups (20s: n=10, 60s: n=10, five male and five female in each group) participated in the legibility test. A target
A survey was conducted to examine how personal experiences affect the interpretation of the meani... more A survey was conducted to examine how personal experiences affect the interpretation of the meaning of display and control colours on electric control panels (ECPs). In Korea, the red light on ECPs represents a normal state of operation, while the green light represents a stopped state of operation; this appears to contradict the general stereotypes surrounding these colours. The survey results indicated that the participants who had experience in using ECPs interpreted the colour meaning differently from the other participant group. More than half of the experienced participants regarded the coloured displays and controls as they were designed, while most participants in the other group appeared to interpret the colours in accordance with the stereotypes. It is presumed that accidents related to human errors can occur when non-experienced people use the ECPs, which are easily accessible in many buildings. Practitioner Summary: A survey was conducted to investigate how personal experiences affect the interpretation of the function meanings of coloured lights on electrical control panels. It was found that the interpretation varies according to personal experiences, which can induce accidents related to human errors while operating electrical equipment.
Background: Maximum grip strength can be used in designing work methods or workstations ergonomic... more Background: Maximum grip strength can be used in designing work methods or workstations ergonomically. Though there is a standard protocol for measuring maximum grip strength, workers usually assume different upper-limb postures from the standard posture. It is known that grip strength can be affected by different postures. In many work conditions, the hand position can be determined as the ratio of the full reach distance of the worker. The grip strength data at various hand positions could be used practically in designing work methods or workstations. Aims: The objective of this study was to measure grip strength and perceived discomfort at different hand positions and to investigate the effects of shoulder angle and reach distance on grip strength. Method: Maximum grip strength and discomfort were measured in 58 male volunteers at 15 different hand positions in standing posture. The hand position was defined by five hand directions (i.e. 0º, 45º, 90º, 130º, and 180º) of the shoul...
Co-ordinating Editor Roger Haslam – Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughbor... more Co-ordinating Editor Roger Haslam – Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK. Email: ergonomics@tandf.co.uk ... Book Review Editor Guy Walker – Heriot-Watt University, UK ... Editors Stephen Bao – Washington State Dept. of Labor and Industries, USA Wen-Ruey Chang – Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, USA Sue Hignett – Loughborough University, UK Thurmon Lockhart – Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA Neil Mansfield – Loughborough University, UK ...
The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturn... more The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences were explored in a Korean population. The study population was 2165 workers from various occupations (55.6% female). Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to reveal factors related to symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. The prevalence of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps was higher among women than men. The characteristics of standing work were different according to gender. In gender stratified analysis, the odds ratio of varicose veins was significantly high for prolonged standing for male and female workers. However, the odds ratio of nocturnal leg cramps was only significant among prolonged standing male workers. The models including gender, prolonged standing and occupations in this order presented that gender is not significantly associated with varicose veins after occupations were added to the model. Prolonged standing at work may be a more important risk factor for varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps than biological differences between women and men. Therefore, effective interventions to interrupt or reduce prolonged standing at work should be implemented for the prevention of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. Practitioner Summary: This paper shows associations between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences. These findings will contribute to knowledge of gender-specific occupational risk factors for symptoms in the distal lower extremities.
The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturn... more The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences were explored in a Korean population. The study population was 2165 workers from various occupations (55.6% female). Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to reveal factors related to symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. The prevalence of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps was higher among women than men. The characteristics of standing work were different according to gender. In gender stratified analysis, the odds ratio of varicose veins was significantly high for prolonged standing for male and female workers. However, the odds ratio of nocturnal leg cramps was only significant among prolonged standing male workers. The models including gender, prolonged standing and occupations in this order presented that gender is not significantly associated with varicose veins after occupations were added to the model. Prolonged standing at work may be a more important risk factor for varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps than biological differences between women and men. Therefore, effective interventions to interrupt or reduce prolonged standing at work should be implemented for the prevention of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. Practitioner Summary: This paper shows associations between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences. These findings will contribute to knowledge of gender-specific occupational risk factors for symptoms in the distal lower extremities.
○cc This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attributio... more ○cc This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the upper-limb motions and postures of grapes-harvesting tasks using electrical goniometers and analyze the upper-limb motions in a kinematic way to assess the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.
This study evaluated the effects of the syllable number(one, two), font type(gothic, myung), colo... more This study evaluated the effects of the syllable number(one, two), font type(gothic, myung), color contrast (black on white, white on black), display type(paper, LCD), age(20s, 60s) and character size(2~80pt) on the Korean characters' legibility. Total twenty subjects from two age groups (20s: n=10, 60s: n=10, five male and five female in each group) participated in the legibility test. A target
A survey was conducted to examine how personal experiences affect the interpretation of the meani... more A survey was conducted to examine how personal experiences affect the interpretation of the meaning of display and control colours on electric control panels (ECPs). In Korea, the red light on ECPs represents a normal state of operation, while the green light represents a stopped state of operation; this appears to contradict the general stereotypes surrounding these colours. The survey results indicated that the participants who had experience in using ECPs interpreted the colour meaning differently from the other participant group. More than half of the experienced participants regarded the coloured displays and controls as they were designed, while most participants in the other group appeared to interpret the colours in accordance with the stereotypes. It is presumed that accidents related to human errors can occur when non-experienced people use the ECPs, which are easily accessible in many buildings. Practitioner Summary: A survey was conducted to investigate how personal experiences affect the interpretation of the function meanings of coloured lights on electrical control panels. It was found that the interpretation varies according to personal experiences, which can induce accidents related to human errors while operating electrical equipment.
Background: Maximum grip strength can be used in designing work methods or workstations ergonomic... more Background: Maximum grip strength can be used in designing work methods or workstations ergonomically. Though there is a standard protocol for measuring maximum grip strength, workers usually assume different upper-limb postures from the standard posture. It is known that grip strength can be affected by different postures. In many work conditions, the hand position can be determined as the ratio of the full reach distance of the worker. The grip strength data at various hand positions could be used practically in designing work methods or workstations. Aims: The objective of this study was to measure grip strength and perceived discomfort at different hand positions and to investigate the effects of shoulder angle and reach distance on grip strength. Method: Maximum grip strength and discomfort were measured in 58 male volunteers at 15 different hand positions in standing posture. The hand position was defined by five hand directions (i.e. 0º, 45º, 90º, 130º, and 180º) of the shoul...
Co-ordinating Editor Roger Haslam – Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughbor... more Co-ordinating Editor Roger Haslam – Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK. Email: ergonomics@tandf.co.uk ... Book Review Editor Guy Walker – Heriot-Watt University, UK ... Editors Stephen Bao – Washington State Dept. of Labor and Industries, USA Wen-Ruey Chang – Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, USA Sue Hignett – Loughborough University, UK Thurmon Lockhart – Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA Neil Mansfield – Loughborough University, UK ...
The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturn... more The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences were explored in a Korean population. The study population was 2165 workers from various occupations (55.6% female). Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to reveal factors related to symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. The prevalence of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps was higher among women than men. The characteristics of standing work were different according to gender. In gender stratified analysis, the odds ratio of varicose veins was significantly high for prolonged standing for male and female workers. However, the odds ratio of nocturnal leg cramps was only significant among prolonged standing male workers. The models including gender, prolonged standing and occupations in this order presented that gender is not significantly associated with varicose veins after occupations were added to the model. Prolonged standing at work may be a more important risk factor for varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps than biological differences between women and men. Therefore, effective interventions to interrupt or reduce prolonged standing at work should be implemented for the prevention of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. Practitioner Summary: This paper shows associations between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences. These findings will contribute to knowledge of gender-specific occupational risk factors for symptoms in the distal lower extremities.
The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturn... more The relationships between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences were explored in a Korean population. The study population was 2165 workers from various occupations (55.6% female). Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to reveal factors related to symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. The prevalence of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps was higher among women than men. The characteristics of standing work were different according to gender. In gender stratified analysis, the odds ratio of varicose veins was significantly high for prolonged standing for male and female workers. However, the odds ratio of nocturnal leg cramps was only significant among prolonged standing male workers. The models including gender, prolonged standing and occupations in this order presented that gender is not significantly associated with varicose veins after occupations were added to the model. Prolonged standing at work may be a more important risk factor for varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps than biological differences between women and men. Therefore, effective interventions to interrupt or reduce prolonged standing at work should be implemented for the prevention of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps. Practitioner Summary: This paper shows associations between occupational characteristics and symptoms of varicose veins and nocturnal leg cramps and their gender differences. These findings will contribute to knowledge of gender-specific occupational risk factors for symptoms in the distal lower extremities.
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