[Hokkaido igaku zasshi] The Hokkaido journal of medical science, 1989
Current objective methods that estimate noise have a defect in that the measurement values are no... more Current objective methods that estimate noise have a defect in that the measurement values are not stable and the noise can be measured only at pre- and post-exposure times. Some previous studies on the "anchor effect" suggested that noise can be objectively evaluated by evoked potentials (N1 and P2 components), when the noise exposure and the test stimuli to elicit the evoked potentials are given alternately. However, several basic experiments are required to establish this method for noise estimation. The differences in the time durations of stimuli be interchanged with the load of noise were studied in Experiment 1. As a result only N1 latency showed significant differences. This suggested that a continuous tone is suitable for intervening stimuli. In Experiment 2, the relation between evoked potentials and differences in the frequencies of intervening and test stimuli were studied in the wide frequency ranges of 250, 500, 1k, 2k, 4k, and 8k Hz. The results showed a ten...
The combined effects of city noise and luminance of the computer display were evaluated from the ... more The combined effects of city noise and luminance of the computer display were evaluated from the changes in lymphocytes and mental activities of participants. Healthy male students were tested under the following four experimental conditions: (1) a calculating task on a video display terminal (VDT) with luminance of 90 cd m(-2) without city noise; (2) a calculating task on a VDT with luminance of 20 cd m(-2) without city noise; (3) a calculating task on a VDT with luminance of 90 cd m(-2) with city noise of 70 dB(A); and (4) a calculating task on a VDT with luminance of 20 cd m(-2) with city noise of 70 dB(A). A visual reaction test (VRT) was performed, and critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF), heart rate (HR), numbers of circulating white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocyte subsets and subjective symptoms of fatigue were measured (1) before; (2) just after; and (3) 30 min after each 60 min test. Subjective symptoms of fatigue significantly increased just after experiments conducted under the two noisy conditions. VRT and CFF showed significant changes in the case of the high-luminance display with noise. WBCs and neutrophils showed significant increases in the two quiet conditions. These results suggested that high luminance with noise had the most effect on subjective fatigue and mental activities.
ABSTRACT SUMMARY Co-localization of NOS, MT and SOD-1 in rat brain was visualized by tissue- blot... more ABSTRACT SUMMARY Co-localization of NOS, MT and SOD-1 in rat brain was visualized by tissue- blotting technique. Co-localization of the proteins was observed in the granular cells of the cerebellum. The results suggest the possibility of the synthesis of nitroso-thionein (NO-MT) from NO and MT under the endogenous oxygen radical free environment in the region. Moreover, the MT immuno-reactivity and NO releasing ability were observed in the same fractions from the chromatography. NO and Zn were considered to be
The high-speed camera has become to be able to take sequential two-dimensional images with 0.6 ms... more The high-speed camera has become to be able to take sequential two-dimensional images with 0.6 msec per one frame. The images of voltage change in the mouse hippocampal slice were recorded with high-speed camera system (Deltaron; Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) and data processing was executed with homemade software. It shows the electrophysiological pathway in the mouse brain using voltage sensitive dye. However the images include so many points (128 x128) and it was difficult to image the actual signal transmission with such huge data. We developed new analysis method that shows the pathway with only two pictures. One picture shows the maximum value of each point and shows the distribution of signals in the slice. The other shows the time when the maximum value was recorded at each point and shows the time with colors. Each color shows the time point of the maximum value was recorded. This picture shows the actual signal transmission at a glance. Moreover it suggests a hardware which can ...
We examined the distribution and induction of Cu-metallothionein (MT) in the liver of the rats wi... more We examined the distribution and induction of Cu-metallothionein (MT) in the liver of the rats with thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis. The cirrhotic rats received intraperitoneal injections with or without Cu. Subsequently, immunohistochemical assessments of MT, metal analyses and purification of MT by gel filtration were carried out. By immunohistochemistry, the presence of MT in the parenchymal areas but not in the fibrotic areas of the cirrhotic liver of Cu-injected rats was confirmed. In Cu-injected cirrhotic rats, the Cu contents in the liver increased from 3.74 +/- 0.06 (means +/- SE) mug/g to 89.44 +/- 7.89 mug/g, depending upon the dose of Cu. The Zn contents in the liver also increased significantly. The results of gel filtration also showed that the concentrations of Cu in MT fractions obtained from the cirrhotic liver increased with the doses of Cu, whereas the Zn in MT fractions hardly increased. The results obtained from this study suggested that although Cu-MT was induce...
We report for the first time that autofluorescent signals were found in the kidney of Long Evans ... more We report for the first time that autofluorescent signals were found in the kidney of Long Evans Cinnamon rats, a model for Wilson's disease, under the excitation at 488 nm using a confocal laser microscopy. Autofluorescence signal was observed in lysosome-like organelle ill proximal convoluted tubule cells of S1 and S2 adjacent to glomerulus in the cortex as described previously. These fluorescent materials were identified as Cu-metallothionein (Cu-MT) by the detection specificity of Cu-MZ referred by the chemical properties of the protein such as quenching test using Hg (II) and immunohistochemistry using MT monoclonal antibody. In addition, the emission was able to be observed after fixation by formaldehyde. The visualization principle of the autofluorescent emission from Cu-MT and the availability of the presented technique using a confocal laser microscopy are discussed.
The development of a surface water evaluation index is a critical factor in the assessment, resto... more The development of a surface water evaluation index is a critical factor in the assessment, restoration and protection of stream water quality. Quantifying water pollution in specific grade using dominant parameters is important, as this can explain the current state of water pollution with accuracy. As a result, an integrated multi-parameter water quality index has been developed. It is based on the 10 most prevailing parameters (pH, conductivity, nitrate ions, phosphate ions, Escherichia coli number, cadmium, chromium, lead, copper and manganese) with a scale of 1 to 4, wherein the grades are classified into 1: good; 1.1-1.5: slightly polluted; 1.6-2.0: moderately polluted; 2.1-2.9: heavily polluted and 3.0-4.0: gravely polluted. The measuring stick used was according to the 2011 background values of the World Health Organization (WHO) in which a value of 0.1 was attributed for each, so that the final grade can be calculated. Water quality data were successfully fitted in an integ...
Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene, 1989
Exposure of primary school children and their mothers to NO2 was investigated in two schools in t... more Exposure of primary school children and their mothers to NO2 was investigated in two schools in the city of Sapporo. One school was located in the city center and another in a suburb of the city. The school children and mothers were requested to put on NO2 filter badges for 24 hours and to record activity during that period. They were also requested to fill out ATS-DLD questionnaires. The surveys were repeated twice, in the summer of 1986 and in the winter 1987, due to possible seasonal variation. Average NO2 exposure levels of both school children and mothers were lower in the summer than the corresponding averages in the winter. The average of the children was lower than that of mothers in both summer and winter. Averages of the children of the city-center school were higher than those of children in the school in the suburb in both summer and winter. These differences were not observed in mothers' averages. To examine the relationship between NO2 exposure levels and maternal ...
A number of theories on the cellular basis of learning and memory propose that long-term changes ... more A number of theories on the cellular basis of learning and memory propose that long-term changes in synaptic strength are encoded by changes in the properties of dendritic spines. Such theories imply that individual spines retain their identity over time. Using a new technique for fluorescent labelling of synaptic structures together with confocal microscopy, we have found that the appearance of individual spines on viable cells remains unchanged over observations periods of up to 5 hours. Even in slices exposed to kainic acid at concentrations that abolished synaptic transmission, groups of spines remained identifiable on cells clearly damaged by the toxin. The robust persistence of individual spines demonstrated here establishes an essential prerequisite for their potential role as mnemonic elements.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a molecule known to regulate macrophage accumulat... more Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a molecule known to regulate macrophage accumulation at sites of inflammation. To elucidate the role of MIF in progression of liver fibrosis, the immunohistochemical localization of MIF and macrophages in the liver were examined. Male Wistar rats received thioacetamide (TA) injections (200 mg/kg, i.p.) for 1 or 6 weeks. In biochemical and histological tests, it was confirmed that liver fibrosis was induced. In immunohistochemical analyses, the expression of MIF protein was seen in hepatocytes in the areas extending out from the central veins to the portal tracts. In particular, at 6 weeks, immunoreactivity was detected in degenerated hepatocytes adjacent to the fibrotic areas but hardly observed in the fibrotic areas. On the other hand, a number of exudate macrophages stained by antibody ED1 were seen in the areas from the central veins to the portal tracts at 1 week and in the fibrotic areas at 6 weeks. Macrophages also showed a signi...
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1995
Using confocal microscopy in conjunction with microdrop application of Dil, we have imaged and me... more Using confocal microscopy in conjunction with microdrop application of Dil, we have imaged and measured individual dendritic spines of living hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in acute brain slices, before and approximately 3 hr after induction of long-term potentiation by chemical means. Statistical analysis of changes in the length of individual spines, and comparison with results of Monte Carlo simulations, suggests that two forms of structural change occur in chemically induced long-term potentiation: growth of a subpopulation of small spines, and angular displacement of spines. These changes could provide a structural basis for the expression of long-term potentiation.
Behavioral effects of a single exposure to toluene were investigated on 12 rats by means of a sho... more Behavioral effects of a single exposure to toluene were investigated on 12 rats by means of a shock avoidance task in a shuttle box. After 10 days of acquisition training, 3 groups of 4 rats were exposed to toluene vapor for 4 hr at concentrations of 8,000, 4,000, and 2,000 ppm. The maintenance of shock avoidance and time estimation was examined immediately after, and at the 3rd and 6th hr after the 4 hr toluene exposure. No avoidance response occurred immediately after 8,000 ppm toluene exposure, but it was recovered by the 3rd hr after exposure. Both 4,000 and 2,000 ppm toluene exposures increased the percentage of avoidance response. The response latencies (RLs) were significantly shortened after toluene exposure and the relative frequency distribution of RLs was shifted toward a shorter RL. The shortening of RLs could be attributed not only to the excitatory effect of toluene but also to the acceleration of response initiation. It is possible that toluene-exposed rats estimated ...
Sangyō igaku. Japanese journal of industrial health, 1989
A small, light and inexpensive pocket flicker (P.F.) apparatus for measuring fatigue was designed... more A small, light and inexpensive pocket flicker (P.F.) apparatus for measuring fatigue was designed, fabricated and tested. The apparatus, being composed of a light emitting diode and a variable resistor with a scale, is so compact that it can be carried in a shirt pocket. Thus, critical fusion frequency (CFF) values can be easily determined at a working place and the load involved is small when compared to other physical fatigue measurements and earlier CFF apparatuses. Moreover, the apparatus is so inexpensive that it can be widely used. To compare the performance of the P.F. apparatus with earlier apparatuses, the following experiments were performed. CFF values were measured at the same time with the pocket type apparatus, blinking type apparatus and sector type apparatus and the results were compared. The subjects were 13 males and 5 females with their age ranging from 21 to 52 years. The total number of measurements was 132. The CFF values measured with these three apparatuses s...
[Hokkaido igaku zasshi] The Hokkaido journal of medical science, 1989
Current objective methods that estimate noise have a defect in that the measurement values are no... more Current objective methods that estimate noise have a defect in that the measurement values are not stable and the noise can be measured only at pre- and post-exposure times. Some previous studies on the "anchor effect" suggested that noise can be objectively evaluated by evoked potentials (N1 and P2 components), when the noise exposure and the test stimuli to elicit the evoked potentials are given alternately. However, several basic experiments are required to establish this method for noise estimation. The differences in the time durations of stimuli be interchanged with the load of noise were studied in Experiment 1. As a result only N1 latency showed significant differences. This suggested that a continuous tone is suitable for intervening stimuli. In Experiment 2, the relation between evoked potentials and differences in the frequencies of intervening and test stimuli were studied in the wide frequency ranges of 250, 500, 1k, 2k, 4k, and 8k Hz. The results showed a ten...
The combined effects of city noise and luminance of the computer display were evaluated from the ... more The combined effects of city noise and luminance of the computer display were evaluated from the changes in lymphocytes and mental activities of participants. Healthy male students were tested under the following four experimental conditions: (1) a calculating task on a video display terminal (VDT) with luminance of 90 cd m(-2) without city noise; (2) a calculating task on a VDT with luminance of 20 cd m(-2) without city noise; (3) a calculating task on a VDT with luminance of 90 cd m(-2) with city noise of 70 dB(A); and (4) a calculating task on a VDT with luminance of 20 cd m(-2) with city noise of 70 dB(A). A visual reaction test (VRT) was performed, and critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF), heart rate (HR), numbers of circulating white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocyte subsets and subjective symptoms of fatigue were measured (1) before; (2) just after; and (3) 30 min after each 60 min test. Subjective symptoms of fatigue significantly increased just after experiments conducted under the two noisy conditions. VRT and CFF showed significant changes in the case of the high-luminance display with noise. WBCs and neutrophils showed significant increases in the two quiet conditions. These results suggested that high luminance with noise had the most effect on subjective fatigue and mental activities.
ABSTRACT SUMMARY Co-localization of NOS, MT and SOD-1 in rat brain was visualized by tissue- blot... more ABSTRACT SUMMARY Co-localization of NOS, MT and SOD-1 in rat brain was visualized by tissue- blotting technique. Co-localization of the proteins was observed in the granular cells of the cerebellum. The results suggest the possibility of the synthesis of nitroso-thionein (NO-MT) from NO and MT under the endogenous oxygen radical free environment in the region. Moreover, the MT immuno-reactivity and NO releasing ability were observed in the same fractions from the chromatography. NO and Zn were considered to be
The high-speed camera has become to be able to take sequential two-dimensional images with 0.6 ms... more The high-speed camera has become to be able to take sequential two-dimensional images with 0.6 msec per one frame. The images of voltage change in the mouse hippocampal slice were recorded with high-speed camera system (Deltaron; Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) and data processing was executed with homemade software. It shows the electrophysiological pathway in the mouse brain using voltage sensitive dye. However the images include so many points (128 x128) and it was difficult to image the actual signal transmission with such huge data. We developed new analysis method that shows the pathway with only two pictures. One picture shows the maximum value of each point and shows the distribution of signals in the slice. The other shows the time when the maximum value was recorded at each point and shows the time with colors. Each color shows the time point of the maximum value was recorded. This picture shows the actual signal transmission at a glance. Moreover it suggests a hardware which can ...
We examined the distribution and induction of Cu-metallothionein (MT) in the liver of the rats wi... more We examined the distribution and induction of Cu-metallothionein (MT) in the liver of the rats with thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis. The cirrhotic rats received intraperitoneal injections with or without Cu. Subsequently, immunohistochemical assessments of MT, metal analyses and purification of MT by gel filtration were carried out. By immunohistochemistry, the presence of MT in the parenchymal areas but not in the fibrotic areas of the cirrhotic liver of Cu-injected rats was confirmed. In Cu-injected cirrhotic rats, the Cu contents in the liver increased from 3.74 +/- 0.06 (means +/- SE) mug/g to 89.44 +/- 7.89 mug/g, depending upon the dose of Cu. The Zn contents in the liver also increased significantly. The results of gel filtration also showed that the concentrations of Cu in MT fractions obtained from the cirrhotic liver increased with the doses of Cu, whereas the Zn in MT fractions hardly increased. The results obtained from this study suggested that although Cu-MT was induce...
We report for the first time that autofluorescent signals were found in the kidney of Long Evans ... more We report for the first time that autofluorescent signals were found in the kidney of Long Evans Cinnamon rats, a model for Wilson's disease, under the excitation at 488 nm using a confocal laser microscopy. Autofluorescence signal was observed in lysosome-like organelle ill proximal convoluted tubule cells of S1 and S2 adjacent to glomerulus in the cortex as described previously. These fluorescent materials were identified as Cu-metallothionein (Cu-MT) by the detection specificity of Cu-MZ referred by the chemical properties of the protein such as quenching test using Hg (II) and immunohistochemistry using MT monoclonal antibody. In addition, the emission was able to be observed after fixation by formaldehyde. The visualization principle of the autofluorescent emission from Cu-MT and the availability of the presented technique using a confocal laser microscopy are discussed.
The development of a surface water evaluation index is a critical factor in the assessment, resto... more The development of a surface water evaluation index is a critical factor in the assessment, restoration and protection of stream water quality. Quantifying water pollution in specific grade using dominant parameters is important, as this can explain the current state of water pollution with accuracy. As a result, an integrated multi-parameter water quality index has been developed. It is based on the 10 most prevailing parameters (pH, conductivity, nitrate ions, phosphate ions, Escherichia coli number, cadmium, chromium, lead, copper and manganese) with a scale of 1 to 4, wherein the grades are classified into 1: good; 1.1-1.5: slightly polluted; 1.6-2.0: moderately polluted; 2.1-2.9: heavily polluted and 3.0-4.0: gravely polluted. The measuring stick used was according to the 2011 background values of the World Health Organization (WHO) in which a value of 0.1 was attributed for each, so that the final grade can be calculated. Water quality data were successfully fitted in an integ...
Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene, 1989
Exposure of primary school children and their mothers to NO2 was investigated in two schools in t... more Exposure of primary school children and their mothers to NO2 was investigated in two schools in the city of Sapporo. One school was located in the city center and another in a suburb of the city. The school children and mothers were requested to put on NO2 filter badges for 24 hours and to record activity during that period. They were also requested to fill out ATS-DLD questionnaires. The surveys were repeated twice, in the summer of 1986 and in the winter 1987, due to possible seasonal variation. Average NO2 exposure levels of both school children and mothers were lower in the summer than the corresponding averages in the winter. The average of the children was lower than that of mothers in both summer and winter. Averages of the children of the city-center school were higher than those of children in the school in the suburb in both summer and winter. These differences were not observed in mothers' averages. To examine the relationship between NO2 exposure levels and maternal ...
A number of theories on the cellular basis of learning and memory propose that long-term changes ... more A number of theories on the cellular basis of learning and memory propose that long-term changes in synaptic strength are encoded by changes in the properties of dendritic spines. Such theories imply that individual spines retain their identity over time. Using a new technique for fluorescent labelling of synaptic structures together with confocal microscopy, we have found that the appearance of individual spines on viable cells remains unchanged over observations periods of up to 5 hours. Even in slices exposed to kainic acid at concentrations that abolished synaptic transmission, groups of spines remained identifiable on cells clearly damaged by the toxin. The robust persistence of individual spines demonstrated here establishes an essential prerequisite for their potential role as mnemonic elements.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a molecule known to regulate macrophage accumulat... more Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a molecule known to regulate macrophage accumulation at sites of inflammation. To elucidate the role of MIF in progression of liver fibrosis, the immunohistochemical localization of MIF and macrophages in the liver were examined. Male Wistar rats received thioacetamide (TA) injections (200 mg/kg, i.p.) for 1 or 6 weeks. In biochemical and histological tests, it was confirmed that liver fibrosis was induced. In immunohistochemical analyses, the expression of MIF protein was seen in hepatocytes in the areas extending out from the central veins to the portal tracts. In particular, at 6 weeks, immunoreactivity was detected in degenerated hepatocytes adjacent to the fibrotic areas but hardly observed in the fibrotic areas. On the other hand, a number of exudate macrophages stained by antibody ED1 were seen in the areas from the central veins to the portal tracts at 1 week and in the fibrotic areas at 6 weeks. Macrophages also showed a signi...
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1995
Using confocal microscopy in conjunction with microdrop application of Dil, we have imaged and me... more Using confocal microscopy in conjunction with microdrop application of Dil, we have imaged and measured individual dendritic spines of living hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in acute brain slices, before and approximately 3 hr after induction of long-term potentiation by chemical means. Statistical analysis of changes in the length of individual spines, and comparison with results of Monte Carlo simulations, suggests that two forms of structural change occur in chemically induced long-term potentiation: growth of a subpopulation of small spines, and angular displacement of spines. These changes could provide a structural basis for the expression of long-term potentiation.
Behavioral effects of a single exposure to toluene were investigated on 12 rats by means of a sho... more Behavioral effects of a single exposure to toluene were investigated on 12 rats by means of a shock avoidance task in a shuttle box. After 10 days of acquisition training, 3 groups of 4 rats were exposed to toluene vapor for 4 hr at concentrations of 8,000, 4,000, and 2,000 ppm. The maintenance of shock avoidance and time estimation was examined immediately after, and at the 3rd and 6th hr after the 4 hr toluene exposure. No avoidance response occurred immediately after 8,000 ppm toluene exposure, but it was recovered by the 3rd hr after exposure. Both 4,000 and 2,000 ppm toluene exposures increased the percentage of avoidance response. The response latencies (RLs) were significantly shortened after toluene exposure and the relative frequency distribution of RLs was shifted toward a shorter RL. The shortening of RLs could be attributed not only to the excitatory effect of toluene but also to the acceleration of response initiation. It is possible that toluene-exposed rats estimated ...
Sangyō igaku. Japanese journal of industrial health, 1989
A small, light and inexpensive pocket flicker (P.F.) apparatus for measuring fatigue was designed... more A small, light and inexpensive pocket flicker (P.F.) apparatus for measuring fatigue was designed, fabricated and tested. The apparatus, being composed of a light emitting diode and a variable resistor with a scale, is so compact that it can be carried in a shirt pocket. Thus, critical fusion frequency (CFF) values can be easily determined at a working place and the load involved is small when compared to other physical fatigue measurements and earlier CFF apparatuses. Moreover, the apparatus is so inexpensive that it can be widely used. To compare the performance of the P.F. apparatus with earlier apparatuses, the following experiments were performed. CFF values were measured at the same time with the pocket type apparatus, blinking type apparatus and sector type apparatus and the results were compared. The subjects were 13 males and 5 females with their age ranging from 21 to 52 years. The total number of measurements was 132. The CFF values measured with these three apparatuses s...
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