Phone: +88-01715326270 Address: Assistant Professor
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Faculty of Agriculture
Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh
Salinity has been identified as key abiotic stress factor limiting rice production in many countr... more Salinity has been identified as key abiotic stress factor limiting rice production in many countries around the globe, including Bangladesh. In the present study, we examined the effects of salt-induced toxicity on growth of rice landraces for screening salt-tolerant genotypes by assessing morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. Screening of 28 rice genotypes at seedling stage was performed at 12 dS m −1 salinity level in hydroponic media. Most of the rice genotypes showed an apparent reduction in growth traits, while a fewer showed less reduction under salinity stress. Euclidean clustering and heatmap based on morpho-physiological parameters dissected rice genotypes into three major clusters, viz., susceptible, moderately tolerant, and tolerant. Results of cluster analysis revealed Nonabokra, Hogla, Ghunsi, Holdegotal, Nonabokra, and Kanchon as salt-tolerant rice genotypes. These genotypes also were grouped using three microsatellite markers, viz., RM493, RM3412b, and RM140 that were closely linked to saltol QTL showed Hogla, Ghunsi, Holdegotal, Nonabokra, Kanchon, BINA dhan-8, and BINA dhan-10 as salt-tolerant genotypes considering genetic similarity in dendrogram. The positive relationships of Na + /K + ratio with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant enzymes' activity in the tolerant rice genotypes indicated their importance for improving salinity tolerance. The salt-tolerant landraces showed lower Na + /K + ratio, high proline accumulation, lower H 2 O 2 accumulation and MDA content, and higher catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities. Higher antioxidant enzymes' activity and lower H 2 O 2 accumulation in tolerant genotypes indicate their abilities to fight against oxidative stress. Based on all morpho-physiological clustering, biochemical response, and molecular dendrogram, Nonabokra, Hogla, Ghunsi, Holdegotal, and Kanchon were identified as the salt-tolerant lan-draces. Therefore, these identified salt-tolerant landraces could be useful to improve breeding program for the development of salt-tolerant high-yielding rice cultivars in future.
Low calorie and high fiber content biscuits have greater demand than other types of biscuits amon... more Low calorie and high fiber content biscuits have greater demand than other types of biscuits among the biscuit consumers. Therefore, composite biscuits were prepared incorporating different levels of buckwheat flour and constant amount of honeyweed and stevia powder with wheat flour. The influence of partial replacement of wheat flour by above stated ingredients on the nutritional and sensory characteristics of three types of biscuit samples were analyzed. Fat and ash content were found to be increased significantly with the increased amount of buckwheat incorporation but protein content decreased with increased buckwheat incorporation level (p 0.05). However fiber content was also increased gradually with increased level of incorporation. The sensory result revealed that biscuits color and taste scores had decreased significantly with the increased level of buckwheat flour incorporation. Texture score was also decreased with buckwheat incorporation level but not significantly as other parameters. However, on a nine-point sensory scale, the overall acceptability of biscuit samples was above 7, suggesting the noticeable consumer satisfaction.
h i g h l i g h t s Salt-toxicity on growth and production of ten local wheat cultivars were inve... more h i g h l i g h t s Salt-toxicity on growth and production of ten local wheat cultivars were investigated. PCA and cluster analyses enabled us to identify differential salt-tolerant genotypes. Na Ă¾ /K Ă¾ ratio and proline content positively correlated with growth of tolerant cultivars. BARI Gom 28 (tolerant) exhibited lower oxidative damage than Gourab (sensitive). a b s t r a c t High salinity is a major constraint for wheat productivity in many countries, including Bangladesh. Here, we examined the effects of salt-induced toxicity on growth and production of 10 local wheat cultivars by analyzing physiological, biochemical and agronomical responses to identify the salt-tolerant attributes among the contrasting genotypes. Results of cluster analyses based on salt tolerance indices of plant growth-related and yield-contributing parameters, ionic balance (Na Ă¾ , K Ă¾ and Na Ă¾ /K Ă¾ ratio), and stress indicators (SPAD values and proline) revealed Gourab and Shatabdi as salt-sensitive, BARI Gom 27 and 28 as salt-tolerant and the other six examined varieties as moderately salt-tolerant cultivars. Hierarchical clustering and principle component analyses also demonstrated BARI Gom 27 and 28 as the highest salt-tolerant cultivars, especially in terms of Na Ă¾ /K Ă¾ ratio and proline level. Additionally, lower accumulations of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase in the salt-tolerant BARI Gom 28 than in the salt-sensitive Gourab indicated reduced oxidative damage in BARI Gom 28 relative to that in Gourab. Collectively, our findings suggest that the optimum growth and yield of salt-tolerant cultivars are associated with decreased Na Ă¾ / K Ă¾ ratio, increased proline level and reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, BARI Gom 27 and 28 could be suggested as suitable cultivars for cultivation in salt-affected areas, and the contrasting salt-responsive genotypes can be used as valuable genetic resources in breeding and dissection of molecular mechanisms underlying wheat adaptation to high salinity.
Traditional rice landraces of coastal area in Bangladesh are distinct regarding their phenotype, ... more Traditional rice landraces of coastal area in Bangladesh are distinct regarding their phenotype, response to salt stress and yield attributes. With characterization of these landraces, suitable candidate genes for salinity tolerance could be identified to introgress into modern rice varieties. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to uncover prospective rice landraces tolerant to salinity. Relying on morphological, biochemical and molecular parameters 25 rice genotypes were tested for salt tolerance at germination and seedling stage. At germination stage 0 and 12 dSm −1 salinity were imposed on rice genotypes. Ward's cluster analysis divided rice genotypes into three clusters (susceptible, moderately tolerant and tolerant) based on the physiological indices. The tolerant rice landraces to salinity were Sona Toly, Nakraji and Komol Bhog. At seedling stage screening was performed following IRRI standard protocol at 12 dSm −1 salinity level. Based on all morphological and biochemical parameters Komol Bhog was identified as the highly salinity tolerant landrace while Bolonga, Sona Toly, Dud Sail, Tal Mugur and Nakraji were found as tolerant to salinity. Molecular characterization using two simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers, viz. RM121 and RM337 displayed Bolonga, Til Kapor, Panbra, Sona Toly, Bina Sail, Komol Bhog, Nakraji, Tilkapur, Gajor Goria and Gota were tolerant landraces through genetic similarity in dendrogram. These identified salt-resistant landraces can be used as promising germplasm resources for breeding salt-tolerant high-yielding rice varieties in future.
Arsenic and cadmium toxicity has demonstrated to be a crucial problem and there are many health i... more Arsenic and cadmium toxicity has demonstrated to be a crucial problem and there are many health issues interconnected with each other. The toxicity of these metals has no biological role even though remain present in some or the other form, hazardous for the human health and its proper functioning. As a result, from the very beginning, the researchers are trying to overcome the serious effects occurred by the heavy metals. The different procedures and methods are followed for minimizing the negative effects. The study was conducted to predict the probable effects and theirs targeted proteins in human body by recently developed advanced bioinformatics tools and subsequently found 10 proteins are interacted with arsenic and cadmium for each. However, these 10 proteins are independently associated with other 97 and 100 proteins. Finally, 25 common proteins have been identified which are affected by these two heavy metals. Our data mining search revealed that all of these 25 proteins are associated with the causing of cancer in human body.
The present study was conducted on small indigenous dry fish for evaluating proximate composition... more The present study was conducted on small indigenous dry fish for evaluating proximate composition viz ash, protein, total sugar, fibre, fat, phosphorus, sulfur and sodium content. Three species were used such as Puti (Puntius sophore), Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), and Darkina (Esomus danricus). Our study showed that there was a little variation in the nutrients and mineral content of Mola, Puti and Darkina fish collected from different northern region of Bangladesh. Puti fish shows good nutrients in all districts except sodium and phosphorus in Dinajpur district. In case of Mola fish the protein, total sugar and fiber content is slightly higher in Bogura, Rajshahi and Dinajpur districts respectively, whereas the phosphorus content is slightly higher in Dinajpur district compare with other districts. From the analysis of Darkina fish it was found that, ash content in Dinajpur is slightly higher than other districts. The ash content of the dried fishes obtained was in the range of 14.30 to 18.65% and the highest value obtained from Darkina (Esomus danricus) and the lowest from Puti (Puntius sophore). The protein content was found in the range of 41.59 to 61.96% with the highest value in Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) and the lowest in Darkina (Esomus danricus). There was a variation in total sugar content which is in the range of 1.61 to 2.65% where the highest value in Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) and the lowest in Puti (Puntius sophore). Fibre content was in the range of 2.17 to 8.74% with the highest value obtained from Puti (Puntius sophore) and the lowest value from Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola). The fat content was in the range of 2.17 to 7.77% with the highest value obtained from Puti (Puntius sophore) and the lowest in Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola). It is concluded that climate change, species variation, and the feeding habit may be the major factors to uphold the nutrient content in SIS.
The study was progressed with the objectives of processing instant rice from scented rice (var. K... more The study was progressed with the objectives of processing instant rice from scented rice (var. Kalijira) and evaluating effects of different processing techniques like boiling, steaming and pressure cooking on the physiochemical and organoleptic properties and studying storage stability in terms of shelf life. The milled raw rice was cooked, washed with distilled water, drained up and dried in a cabinet dryer. The instant rice was then stored at room temperature (21-32 0 C) after packaging in polyethylene bags. The proximate composition analysis revealed
Cesium is an alkali metal whose physiological roles and toxic effects have not been reported unti... more Cesium is an alkali metal whose physiological roles and toxic effects have not been reported until date. In contrast, radio cesium has long lasting half-life of at least 30 years which can be toxic and hazardous to health. Radio isotope of cesium is usually used for nuclear energy production and recently incidence of nuclear power plant in Japan caused havoc to their local environment. To elucidate the possible interactions of cesium with proteins or genes in human body, we have applied some recently developed computational tools in this present study. Our results show that cesium has either some positive or negative interactions with 10 human proteins and subsequently these 10 proteins have been found to interact with 99 other human proteins through the application of bioinformatics tools. All of these proteins are involved in cellular, molecular and biological functions in human body. We need to conduct further study to know the specific functions of all these proteins so that further experiments can be conducted in laboratory to find out the possible effects of radio-cesium in rat models.
A B S T R A C T Leonurus sibiricus is a herbaceous plant found in many countries in Asia and Amer... more A B S T R A C T Leonurus sibiricus is a herbaceous plant found in many countries in Asia and America. This plant is widely practiced as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes, menstrual irregularities , and bronchitis. The approval of therapeutic implications of any drugs depends on the well characterized mode of actions of the compounds. The bioactive compounds like diterpenes, triterpenes, flavonoids and phenolic acids in Leonurus sibiricus show analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-atherogenic and anti-hemorrhagic, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial and allelopathic potency. Interestingly, the expression level of some genes is altered by the crude extract treatments, which are effective against cancers, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases where the molecular mechanisms are yet to be explored. Intriguingly, the extracts significantly induce nitric oxide production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase, a signaling molecule of vasodi-lation in combination with interferon-g indicating positive effect on atherosclerosis. Further investigations are required to unlock the effects of bioactive compounds found in extracts at clinical settings.
Skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus renifolius) blooms in early spring and its inflorescence, referred to... more Skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus renifolius) blooms in early spring and its inflorescence, referred to as the spadix, can produce enough heat to melt snow. Here, we investigated glycolytic carbon flow at the PEP branch-point in thermogenic spadices. Our analyses revealed that petals and pistils in thermogenic florets exhibited higher expression of SrPEPC and SrAOX transcripts than those of SrPK, SrPEPCK, and SrPEPtase. Moreover, enzymatic analyses showed high activities of PEPC in the extracts from thermogenic florets. Finally, mitochondria from thermogenic florets showed low respiratory activities when pyruvate was used as a substrate, although a significant malate-mediated cyanide-insensitive respiration was observed. Collectively, these results suggest that PEP metabolism, primarily catabolized by PEPC, plays a critical role in thermogenesis in S. renifolius.
Exogenous protectants such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and signaling molecules such as hydrogen peroxi... more Exogenous protectants such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and signaling molecules such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could be a promising approach to mitigate salt-induced oxidative stress in rice. The present study was carried out to examine the effects of exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ascorbic acid (AsA) on the growth, content of photosynthetic pigments, proline, ascorbic acid and antioxidant enzymes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. BRRI dhan56 seedlings grown in greenhouse hydroponically under 125mM NaCl. The plants exposed to the NaCl stress exhibited a significant reduction in growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments, ascorbate peroxidase activity (APX) as well as increased in proline, ascorbic acid content and catalase (CAT) activity. The AsA and H2O2 application not only mitigated the inhibitory effects of salt stress but also induced a stimulatory effect on all the studied growth parameters. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and APX) as well as proline contents of rice plants were significantly increased after AsA and H2O2 application. The present study; therefore, suggests that exogenous AsA and H2O2 confer tolerance to salt stress in rice by enhancing proline accumulation and antioxidant defense systems, in addition exogenous H2O2 maintain higher endogenous ascorbate content.
The aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic effects of L. siribicus extract on seed... more The aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic effects of L. siribicus extract on seed germination and seedlings growth of wheat as well as to identify potential allelochemical. The different concentration (5, 10 and 15%) of aqueous extract were applied during the time of sowing and at 5 days after sowing of wheat seed. L. siribicus extract showed concentration and time-depending activity. Different concentration of aqueous extract inhibited seed germination, seedlings growth, when extracts were applied during the time of seed sowing. The stimulatory effect of seedlings growth were found for 5 % aqueous extract, in contrast 10 and 15% extract inhibited seedlings growth, when extracts were applied at 5 days after sowing. Apart from, 4-hydroxy benzoic acids affected seedlings growth irrespective of application time. The weight of dry matter of wheat seedlings were increased for 5% than 10 and 15% extracts. Thin layer chromatography suggested that the presence of 4-hydroxy benzoic acid including other allelopathic and growth regulatory compounds inhibited germination and seedlings growth. Mineral composition was determined and its might have some stimulatory effect on seedlings growth. It was interesting that 5% extract inhibited germination and seedlings growth, when it was applied during the time of seed sowing, but stimulated seedling growth, when it was applied at 5 days after sowing. The extract of this plants can be used either for bioherbicide as well as growth stimulatory agents for the organic farming system. To find out molecular mechanism behind it, further research is to be done.
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of buckwheat seed (BWS) wi... more The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of buckwheat seed (BWS) with black cumin seed (BCS) supplementation on the performance, serum lipid profile and intestinal bacterial flora in broiler chicks. One hundred and twenty day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted equally to four experimental groups, designated T 1 (untreated control, no BWS and BCS); T 2 (10% BWS + 1.5% BCS); T 3 (20% BWS + 2.5% BCS); and T 4 (30% BWS + 3.5% BCS), respectively. The study lasted for 30 days. Average bodyweight, weight gain, total feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and serum lipid profile (serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides) were determined and intestinal bacterial flora (total viable bacteria, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Lactobacillus sp.) were counted. The results of the study showed that BWS and BCS significantly improved final bodyweight gain of group T 2 compared with the control group. Higher levels of buckwheat and black cumin did not improve growth performance of the chicks. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations significantly decreased with an elevation of HDL-cholesterol concentration as the level of BWS and BCS increased. In BWS diets supplemented with BCS pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and Salmonella spp. were suppressed. These findings suggest that 10% BWS with 1.5% BCS supplementation to broiler ration could be considered an alternative to hazardous synthetic antibiotics for safe poultry production. ______________________________________________________________________________________
Ghrelin is the key hormone responsible for our hunger stimulate to food intake in body system. At... more Ghrelin is the key hormone responsible for our hunger stimulate to food intake in body system. At present a huge number of people suffer from obesity, so understanding the mechanisms by which various hormones and neurotransmitters have influence on energy balance has been a subject of current research in neuroscience. At present ghrelin is the only known gastrointestinal hormone that increases food intake where Plasma ghrelin levels are inversely correlated with body weight and rise following weight loss in humans. It is a natural ligand of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue (GHS) receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a). The GHS-R is highly expressed in the hypothalamus, but is also found in the brainstem, pituitary, GI tract, adipose tissue and other peripheral tissues. Ghrelin is still recognized as a potential drug target for weight regulation. The main objective of this is to summarize the current knowledge and optimize about the physiology and pathophysiology of ghrelin in food intake regulation.
The present study was aimed to investigate the dietary effect of different
levels of turmeric (Cu... more The present study was aimed to investigate the dietary effect of different levels of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder on the performance of broiler during summer (June-July), 2013. Four experimental rations designated as T0, T1, T2 and T3 having 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% Turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder were fed to 120 broiler chicks (Ross 308), randomly distributed into 12 replicates, so as to have 3 replicates per treatment and 10 chicks per replicate. Average weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, dressing yield and survivability were used as criteria of response to feeding turmeric powder. Organs weight including heart, liver and gizzard were also recorded. The mean body weight gain and average feed efficiency (feed gain-1) per broiler significantly increased (P<0.01) by turmeric supplemented feed compared to control feed. The average feed consumption and survivability of broiler chick non- significantly (P>0.05) improved due to by turmeric supplementation in the diets. Inclusion of turmeric powder caused slightly increased the carcass traits of broiler chicks i.e., average weight of liver, heart and gizzard but the differences were non-significant (P>0.05). A significant decrease (P<0.01) in abdominal fat pad and significant increase (P<0.05) in dressing yield was observed in chickens fed the turmeric supplemented diets. The results of the present study suggest that the use of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder as feed
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of buckwheat (Fagopyrum escu... more This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) alone or in combination with chitosan, in broiler diets, on the growth, feed intake and serum lipid profile of broilers. Starting as 10-day olds, 144 Cobb 500 broiler chicks were fed six manually prepared diets containing 0%, 10%, 20% or 30% buckwheat, or 10% buckwheat supplemented with 250 mg chitosan or 500 mg chitosan/kg. The trial lasted 32 days. Buckwheat alone or in combination with chitosan had no effects on the growth and feed intake of the broilers. Until 15 days lipid profiles in blood sera did not change in birds fed buckwheat alone or buckwheat in combination with chitosan. However, at day 30 the inclusion of 10% - 30% buckwheat alone and 10% buckwheat with 250 mg chitosan/kg or with 500 mg chitosan/kg showed a significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol concentration and a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the serum compared with the control. This demonstrates for the first time that the feeding of higher levels of buckwheat (20% or more) alone or lower levels of buckwheat (10%) with trace amounts of chitosan influenced the lipid profiles of broilers positively. Because hazardous antibiotics are banned in poultry feed, including of buckwheat with trace amounts of chitosan in broiler diets might be a useful alternative to antibiotics in the poultry industry.
Salinity has been identified as key abiotic stress factor limiting rice production in many countr... more Salinity has been identified as key abiotic stress factor limiting rice production in many countries around the globe, including Bangladesh. In the present study, we examined the effects of salt-induced toxicity on growth of rice landraces for screening salt-tolerant genotypes by assessing morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. Screening of 28 rice genotypes at seedling stage was performed at 12 dS m −1 salinity level in hydroponic media. Most of the rice genotypes showed an apparent reduction in growth traits, while a fewer showed less reduction under salinity stress. Euclidean clustering and heatmap based on morpho-physiological parameters dissected rice genotypes into three major clusters, viz., susceptible, moderately tolerant, and tolerant. Results of cluster analysis revealed Nonabokra, Hogla, Ghunsi, Holdegotal, Nonabokra, and Kanchon as salt-tolerant rice genotypes. These genotypes also were grouped using three microsatellite markers, viz., RM493, RM3412b, and RM140 that were closely linked to saltol QTL showed Hogla, Ghunsi, Holdegotal, Nonabokra, Kanchon, BINA dhan-8, and BINA dhan-10 as salt-tolerant genotypes considering genetic similarity in dendrogram. The positive relationships of Na + /K + ratio with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant enzymes' activity in the tolerant rice genotypes indicated their importance for improving salinity tolerance. The salt-tolerant landraces showed lower Na + /K + ratio, high proline accumulation, lower H 2 O 2 accumulation and MDA content, and higher catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities. Higher antioxidant enzymes' activity and lower H 2 O 2 accumulation in tolerant genotypes indicate their abilities to fight against oxidative stress. Based on all morpho-physiological clustering, biochemical response, and molecular dendrogram, Nonabokra, Hogla, Ghunsi, Holdegotal, and Kanchon were identified as the salt-tolerant lan-draces. Therefore, these identified salt-tolerant landraces could be useful to improve breeding program for the development of salt-tolerant high-yielding rice cultivars in future.
Low calorie and high fiber content biscuits have greater demand than other types of biscuits amon... more Low calorie and high fiber content biscuits have greater demand than other types of biscuits among the biscuit consumers. Therefore, composite biscuits were prepared incorporating different levels of buckwheat flour and constant amount of honeyweed and stevia powder with wheat flour. The influence of partial replacement of wheat flour by above stated ingredients on the nutritional and sensory characteristics of three types of biscuit samples were analyzed. Fat and ash content were found to be increased significantly with the increased amount of buckwheat incorporation but protein content decreased with increased buckwheat incorporation level (p 0.05). However fiber content was also increased gradually with increased level of incorporation. The sensory result revealed that biscuits color and taste scores had decreased significantly with the increased level of buckwheat flour incorporation. Texture score was also decreased with buckwheat incorporation level but not significantly as other parameters. However, on a nine-point sensory scale, the overall acceptability of biscuit samples was above 7, suggesting the noticeable consumer satisfaction.
h i g h l i g h t s Salt-toxicity on growth and production of ten local wheat cultivars were inve... more h i g h l i g h t s Salt-toxicity on growth and production of ten local wheat cultivars were investigated. PCA and cluster analyses enabled us to identify differential salt-tolerant genotypes. Na Ă¾ /K Ă¾ ratio and proline content positively correlated with growth of tolerant cultivars. BARI Gom 28 (tolerant) exhibited lower oxidative damage than Gourab (sensitive). a b s t r a c t High salinity is a major constraint for wheat productivity in many countries, including Bangladesh. Here, we examined the effects of salt-induced toxicity on growth and production of 10 local wheat cultivars by analyzing physiological, biochemical and agronomical responses to identify the salt-tolerant attributes among the contrasting genotypes. Results of cluster analyses based on salt tolerance indices of plant growth-related and yield-contributing parameters, ionic balance (Na Ă¾ , K Ă¾ and Na Ă¾ /K Ă¾ ratio), and stress indicators (SPAD values and proline) revealed Gourab and Shatabdi as salt-sensitive, BARI Gom 27 and 28 as salt-tolerant and the other six examined varieties as moderately salt-tolerant cultivars. Hierarchical clustering and principle component analyses also demonstrated BARI Gom 27 and 28 as the highest salt-tolerant cultivars, especially in terms of Na Ă¾ /K Ă¾ ratio and proline level. Additionally, lower accumulations of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase in the salt-tolerant BARI Gom 28 than in the salt-sensitive Gourab indicated reduced oxidative damage in BARI Gom 28 relative to that in Gourab. Collectively, our findings suggest that the optimum growth and yield of salt-tolerant cultivars are associated with decreased Na Ă¾ / K Ă¾ ratio, increased proline level and reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, BARI Gom 27 and 28 could be suggested as suitable cultivars for cultivation in salt-affected areas, and the contrasting salt-responsive genotypes can be used as valuable genetic resources in breeding and dissection of molecular mechanisms underlying wheat adaptation to high salinity.
Traditional rice landraces of coastal area in Bangladesh are distinct regarding their phenotype, ... more Traditional rice landraces of coastal area in Bangladesh are distinct regarding their phenotype, response to salt stress and yield attributes. With characterization of these landraces, suitable candidate genes for salinity tolerance could be identified to introgress into modern rice varieties. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to uncover prospective rice landraces tolerant to salinity. Relying on morphological, biochemical and molecular parameters 25 rice genotypes were tested for salt tolerance at germination and seedling stage. At germination stage 0 and 12 dSm −1 salinity were imposed on rice genotypes. Ward's cluster analysis divided rice genotypes into three clusters (susceptible, moderately tolerant and tolerant) based on the physiological indices. The tolerant rice landraces to salinity were Sona Toly, Nakraji and Komol Bhog. At seedling stage screening was performed following IRRI standard protocol at 12 dSm −1 salinity level. Based on all morphological and biochemical parameters Komol Bhog was identified as the highly salinity tolerant landrace while Bolonga, Sona Toly, Dud Sail, Tal Mugur and Nakraji were found as tolerant to salinity. Molecular characterization using two simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers, viz. RM121 and RM337 displayed Bolonga, Til Kapor, Panbra, Sona Toly, Bina Sail, Komol Bhog, Nakraji, Tilkapur, Gajor Goria and Gota were tolerant landraces through genetic similarity in dendrogram. These identified salt-resistant landraces can be used as promising germplasm resources for breeding salt-tolerant high-yielding rice varieties in future.
Arsenic and cadmium toxicity has demonstrated to be a crucial problem and there are many health i... more Arsenic and cadmium toxicity has demonstrated to be a crucial problem and there are many health issues interconnected with each other. The toxicity of these metals has no biological role even though remain present in some or the other form, hazardous for the human health and its proper functioning. As a result, from the very beginning, the researchers are trying to overcome the serious effects occurred by the heavy metals. The different procedures and methods are followed for minimizing the negative effects. The study was conducted to predict the probable effects and theirs targeted proteins in human body by recently developed advanced bioinformatics tools and subsequently found 10 proteins are interacted with arsenic and cadmium for each. However, these 10 proteins are independently associated with other 97 and 100 proteins. Finally, 25 common proteins have been identified which are affected by these two heavy metals. Our data mining search revealed that all of these 25 proteins are associated with the causing of cancer in human body.
The present study was conducted on small indigenous dry fish for evaluating proximate composition... more The present study was conducted on small indigenous dry fish for evaluating proximate composition viz ash, protein, total sugar, fibre, fat, phosphorus, sulfur and sodium content. Three species were used such as Puti (Puntius sophore), Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), and Darkina (Esomus danricus). Our study showed that there was a little variation in the nutrients and mineral content of Mola, Puti and Darkina fish collected from different northern region of Bangladesh. Puti fish shows good nutrients in all districts except sodium and phosphorus in Dinajpur district. In case of Mola fish the protein, total sugar and fiber content is slightly higher in Bogura, Rajshahi and Dinajpur districts respectively, whereas the phosphorus content is slightly higher in Dinajpur district compare with other districts. From the analysis of Darkina fish it was found that, ash content in Dinajpur is slightly higher than other districts. The ash content of the dried fishes obtained was in the range of 14.30 to 18.65% and the highest value obtained from Darkina (Esomus danricus) and the lowest from Puti (Puntius sophore). The protein content was found in the range of 41.59 to 61.96% with the highest value in Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) and the lowest in Darkina (Esomus danricus). There was a variation in total sugar content which is in the range of 1.61 to 2.65% where the highest value in Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) and the lowest in Puti (Puntius sophore). Fibre content was in the range of 2.17 to 8.74% with the highest value obtained from Puti (Puntius sophore) and the lowest value from Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola). The fat content was in the range of 2.17 to 7.77% with the highest value obtained from Puti (Puntius sophore) and the lowest in Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola). It is concluded that climate change, species variation, and the feeding habit may be the major factors to uphold the nutrient content in SIS.
The study was progressed with the objectives of processing instant rice from scented rice (var. K... more The study was progressed with the objectives of processing instant rice from scented rice (var. Kalijira) and evaluating effects of different processing techniques like boiling, steaming and pressure cooking on the physiochemical and organoleptic properties and studying storage stability in terms of shelf life. The milled raw rice was cooked, washed with distilled water, drained up and dried in a cabinet dryer. The instant rice was then stored at room temperature (21-32 0 C) after packaging in polyethylene bags. The proximate composition analysis revealed
Cesium is an alkali metal whose physiological roles and toxic effects have not been reported unti... more Cesium is an alkali metal whose physiological roles and toxic effects have not been reported until date. In contrast, radio cesium has long lasting half-life of at least 30 years which can be toxic and hazardous to health. Radio isotope of cesium is usually used for nuclear energy production and recently incidence of nuclear power plant in Japan caused havoc to their local environment. To elucidate the possible interactions of cesium with proteins or genes in human body, we have applied some recently developed computational tools in this present study. Our results show that cesium has either some positive or negative interactions with 10 human proteins and subsequently these 10 proteins have been found to interact with 99 other human proteins through the application of bioinformatics tools. All of these proteins are involved in cellular, molecular and biological functions in human body. We need to conduct further study to know the specific functions of all these proteins so that further experiments can be conducted in laboratory to find out the possible effects of radio-cesium in rat models.
A B S T R A C T Leonurus sibiricus is a herbaceous plant found in many countries in Asia and Amer... more A B S T R A C T Leonurus sibiricus is a herbaceous plant found in many countries in Asia and America. This plant is widely practiced as a remedy for the treatment of diabetes, menstrual irregularities , and bronchitis. The approval of therapeutic implications of any drugs depends on the well characterized mode of actions of the compounds. The bioactive compounds like diterpenes, triterpenes, flavonoids and phenolic acids in Leonurus sibiricus show analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-atherogenic and anti-hemorrhagic, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial and allelopathic potency. Interestingly, the expression level of some genes is altered by the crude extract treatments, which are effective against cancers, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases where the molecular mechanisms are yet to be explored. Intriguingly, the extracts significantly induce nitric oxide production by endothelial nitric oxide synthase, a signaling molecule of vasodi-lation in combination with interferon-g indicating positive effect on atherosclerosis. Further investigations are required to unlock the effects of bioactive compounds found in extracts at clinical settings.
Skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus renifolius) blooms in early spring and its inflorescence, referred to... more Skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus renifolius) blooms in early spring and its inflorescence, referred to as the spadix, can produce enough heat to melt snow. Here, we investigated glycolytic carbon flow at the PEP branch-point in thermogenic spadices. Our analyses revealed that petals and pistils in thermogenic florets exhibited higher expression of SrPEPC and SrAOX transcripts than those of SrPK, SrPEPCK, and SrPEPtase. Moreover, enzymatic analyses showed high activities of PEPC in the extracts from thermogenic florets. Finally, mitochondria from thermogenic florets showed low respiratory activities when pyruvate was used as a substrate, although a significant malate-mediated cyanide-insensitive respiration was observed. Collectively, these results suggest that PEP metabolism, primarily catabolized by PEPC, plays a critical role in thermogenesis in S. renifolius.
Exogenous protectants such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and signaling molecules such as hydrogen peroxi... more Exogenous protectants such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and signaling molecules such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could be a promising approach to mitigate salt-induced oxidative stress in rice. The present study was carried out to examine the effects of exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ascorbic acid (AsA) on the growth, content of photosynthetic pigments, proline, ascorbic acid and antioxidant enzymes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. BRRI dhan56 seedlings grown in greenhouse hydroponically under 125mM NaCl. The plants exposed to the NaCl stress exhibited a significant reduction in growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments, ascorbate peroxidase activity (APX) as well as increased in proline, ascorbic acid content and catalase (CAT) activity. The AsA and H2O2 application not only mitigated the inhibitory effects of salt stress but also induced a stimulatory effect on all the studied growth parameters. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and APX) as well as proline contents of rice plants were significantly increased after AsA and H2O2 application. The present study; therefore, suggests that exogenous AsA and H2O2 confer tolerance to salt stress in rice by enhancing proline accumulation and antioxidant defense systems, in addition exogenous H2O2 maintain higher endogenous ascorbate content.
The aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic effects of L. siribicus extract on seed... more The aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic effects of L. siribicus extract on seed germination and seedlings growth of wheat as well as to identify potential allelochemical. The different concentration (5, 10 and 15%) of aqueous extract were applied during the time of sowing and at 5 days after sowing of wheat seed. L. siribicus extract showed concentration and time-depending activity. Different concentration of aqueous extract inhibited seed germination, seedlings growth, when extracts were applied during the time of seed sowing. The stimulatory effect of seedlings growth were found for 5 % aqueous extract, in contrast 10 and 15% extract inhibited seedlings growth, when extracts were applied at 5 days after sowing. Apart from, 4-hydroxy benzoic acids affected seedlings growth irrespective of application time. The weight of dry matter of wheat seedlings were increased for 5% than 10 and 15% extracts. Thin layer chromatography suggested that the presence of 4-hydroxy benzoic acid including other allelopathic and growth regulatory compounds inhibited germination and seedlings growth. Mineral composition was determined and its might have some stimulatory effect on seedlings growth. It was interesting that 5% extract inhibited germination and seedlings growth, when it was applied during the time of seed sowing, but stimulated seedling growth, when it was applied at 5 days after sowing. The extract of this plants can be used either for bioherbicide as well as growth stimulatory agents for the organic farming system. To find out molecular mechanism behind it, further research is to be done.
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of buckwheat seed (BWS) wi... more The study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of buckwheat seed (BWS) with black cumin seed (BCS) supplementation on the performance, serum lipid profile and intestinal bacterial flora in broiler chicks. One hundred and twenty day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were randomly allotted equally to four experimental groups, designated T 1 (untreated control, no BWS and BCS); T 2 (10% BWS + 1.5% BCS); T 3 (20% BWS + 2.5% BCS); and T 4 (30% BWS + 3.5% BCS), respectively. The study lasted for 30 days. Average bodyweight, weight gain, total feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and serum lipid profile (serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides) were determined and intestinal bacterial flora (total viable bacteria, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Lactobacillus sp.) were counted. The results of the study showed that BWS and BCS significantly improved final bodyweight gain of group T 2 compared with the control group. Higher levels of buckwheat and black cumin did not improve growth performance of the chicks. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations significantly decreased with an elevation of HDL-cholesterol concentration as the level of BWS and BCS increased. In BWS diets supplemented with BCS pathogenic bacteria, E. coli and Salmonella spp. were suppressed. These findings suggest that 10% BWS with 1.5% BCS supplementation to broiler ration could be considered an alternative to hazardous synthetic antibiotics for safe poultry production. ______________________________________________________________________________________
Ghrelin is the key hormone responsible for our hunger stimulate to food intake in body system. At... more Ghrelin is the key hormone responsible for our hunger stimulate to food intake in body system. At present a huge number of people suffer from obesity, so understanding the mechanisms by which various hormones and neurotransmitters have influence on energy balance has been a subject of current research in neuroscience. At present ghrelin is the only known gastrointestinal hormone that increases food intake where Plasma ghrelin levels are inversely correlated with body weight and rise following weight loss in humans. It is a natural ligand of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue (GHS) receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a). The GHS-R is highly expressed in the hypothalamus, but is also found in the brainstem, pituitary, GI tract, adipose tissue and other peripheral tissues. Ghrelin is still recognized as a potential drug target for weight regulation. The main objective of this is to summarize the current knowledge and optimize about the physiology and pathophysiology of ghrelin in food intake regulation.
The present study was aimed to investigate the dietary effect of different
levels of turmeric (Cu... more The present study was aimed to investigate the dietary effect of different levels of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder on the performance of broiler during summer (June-July), 2013. Four experimental rations designated as T0, T1, T2 and T3 having 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% Turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder were fed to 120 broiler chicks (Ross 308), randomly distributed into 12 replicates, so as to have 3 replicates per treatment and 10 chicks per replicate. Average weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, dressing yield and survivability were used as criteria of response to feeding turmeric powder. Organs weight including heart, liver and gizzard were also recorded. The mean body weight gain and average feed efficiency (feed gain-1) per broiler significantly increased (P<0.01) by turmeric supplemented feed compared to control feed. The average feed consumption and survivability of broiler chick non- significantly (P>0.05) improved due to by turmeric supplementation in the diets. Inclusion of turmeric powder caused slightly increased the carcass traits of broiler chicks i.e., average weight of liver, heart and gizzard but the differences were non-significant (P>0.05). A significant decrease (P<0.01) in abdominal fat pad and significant increase (P<0.05) in dressing yield was observed in chickens fed the turmeric supplemented diets. The results of the present study suggest that the use of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder as feed
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of buckwheat (Fagopyrum escu... more This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) alone or in combination with chitosan, in broiler diets, on the growth, feed intake and serum lipid profile of broilers. Starting as 10-day olds, 144 Cobb 500 broiler chicks were fed six manually prepared diets containing 0%, 10%, 20% or 30% buckwheat, or 10% buckwheat supplemented with 250 mg chitosan or 500 mg chitosan/kg. The trial lasted 32 days. Buckwheat alone or in combination with chitosan had no effects on the growth and feed intake of the broilers. Until 15 days lipid profiles in blood sera did not change in birds fed buckwheat alone or buckwheat in combination with chitosan. However, at day 30 the inclusion of 10% - 30% buckwheat alone and 10% buckwheat with 250 mg chitosan/kg or with 500 mg chitosan/kg showed a significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol concentration and a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the serum compared with the control. This demonstrates for the first time that the feeding of higher levels of buckwheat (20% or more) alone or lower levels of buckwheat (10%) with trace amounts of chitosan influenced the lipid profiles of broilers positively. Because hazardous antibiotics are banned in poultry feed, including of buckwheat with trace amounts of chitosan in broiler diets might be a useful alternative to antibiotics in the poultry industry.
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Moreover, enzymatic analyses showed high activities of PEPC in the extracts from thermogenic florets. Finally, mitochondria from thermogenic florets showed low respiratory activities when pyruvate was used as a substrate, although a significant malate-mediated cyanide-insensitive respiration was observed. Collectively, these results suggest that PEP metabolism, primarily catabolized by PEPC, plays a critical role in thermogenesis in S. renifolius.
huge number of people suffer from obesity, so understanding the mechanisms by which various hormones and
neurotransmitters have influence on energy balance has been a subject of current research in neuroscience. At present
ghrelin is the only known gastrointestinal hormone that increases food intake where Plasma ghrelin levels are inversely
correlated with body weight and rise following weight loss in humans. It is a natural ligand of the growth hormone
(GH) secretagogue (GHS) receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a). The GHS-R is highly expressed in the hypothalamus, but is
also found in the brainstem, pituitary, GI tract, adipose tissue and other peripheral tissues. Ghrelin is still recognized
as a potential drug target for weight regulation. The main objective of this is to summarize the current knowledge and
optimize about the physiology and pathophysiology of ghrelin in food intake regulation.
levels of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder on the performance of broiler
during summer (June-July), 2013. Four experimental rations designated
as T0, T1, T2 and T3 having 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% Turmeric
(Curcuma longa) powder were fed to 120 broiler chicks (Ross 308),
randomly distributed into 12 replicates, so as to have 3 replicates per
treatment and 10 chicks per replicate. Average weight gain, feed
consumption, feed efficiency, dressing yield and survivability were used
as criteria of response to feeding turmeric powder. Organs weight
including heart, liver and gizzard were also recorded. The mean body
weight gain and average feed efficiency (feed gain-1) per broiler
significantly increased (P<0.01) by turmeric supplemented feed
compared to control feed. The average feed consumption and
survivability of broiler chick non- significantly (P>0.05) improved due to
by turmeric supplementation in the diets. Inclusion of turmeric powder
caused slightly increased the carcass traits of broiler chicks i.e., average
weight of liver, heart and gizzard but the differences were non-significant
(P>0.05). A significant decrease (P<0.01) in abdominal fat pad and
significant increase (P<0.05) in dressing yield was observed in chickens
fed the turmeric supplemented diets. The results of the present study
suggest that the use of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder as feed
Moreover, enzymatic analyses showed high activities of PEPC in the extracts from thermogenic florets. Finally, mitochondria from thermogenic florets showed low respiratory activities when pyruvate was used as a substrate, although a significant malate-mediated cyanide-insensitive respiration was observed. Collectively, these results suggest that PEP metabolism, primarily catabolized by PEPC, plays a critical role in thermogenesis in S. renifolius.
huge number of people suffer from obesity, so understanding the mechanisms by which various hormones and
neurotransmitters have influence on energy balance has been a subject of current research in neuroscience. At present
ghrelin is the only known gastrointestinal hormone that increases food intake where Plasma ghrelin levels are inversely
correlated with body weight and rise following weight loss in humans. It is a natural ligand of the growth hormone
(GH) secretagogue (GHS) receptor type 1a (GHS-R1a). The GHS-R is highly expressed in the hypothalamus, but is
also found in the brainstem, pituitary, GI tract, adipose tissue and other peripheral tissues. Ghrelin is still recognized
as a potential drug target for weight regulation. The main objective of this is to summarize the current knowledge and
optimize about the physiology and pathophysiology of ghrelin in food intake regulation.
levels of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder on the performance of broiler
during summer (June-July), 2013. Four experimental rations designated
as T0, T1, T2 and T3 having 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% Turmeric
(Curcuma longa) powder were fed to 120 broiler chicks (Ross 308),
randomly distributed into 12 replicates, so as to have 3 replicates per
treatment and 10 chicks per replicate. Average weight gain, feed
consumption, feed efficiency, dressing yield and survivability were used
as criteria of response to feeding turmeric powder. Organs weight
including heart, liver and gizzard were also recorded. The mean body
weight gain and average feed efficiency (feed gain-1) per broiler
significantly increased (P<0.01) by turmeric supplemented feed
compared to control feed. The average feed consumption and
survivability of broiler chick non- significantly (P>0.05) improved due to
by turmeric supplementation in the diets. Inclusion of turmeric powder
caused slightly increased the carcass traits of broiler chicks i.e., average
weight of liver, heart and gizzard but the differences were non-significant
(P>0.05). A significant decrease (P<0.01) in abdominal fat pad and
significant increase (P<0.05) in dressing yield was observed in chickens
fed the turmeric supplemented diets. The results of the present study
suggest that the use of turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder as feed