Acanthaster

Acanthaster
	Acanthaster planci
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kerajaan:	Animalia
Filum:	Echinodermata
Kelas:	Asteroidea
Superordo:	Valvatacea
Ordo:	Valvatida
Famili:	Acanthasteridae; Sladen, 1889
Genus:	Acanthaster; Gervais, 1841
Spesies
	Lihat teks
Sinonim
	Echinaster Gray, 1840 ; Echinities Müller & Troschel, 1844 ;

Acanthaster adalah satu-satunya genus bintang laut besar dan berbisa yang terdapat dalam famili Acanthasteridae. Kedua spesiesnya dikenal sebagai bintang laut mahkota duri. Acanthaster berasal dari terumbu karang di kawasan Indo-Pasifik.^[2]

Spesies bintang laut dalam genus ini merupakan penyumbang kerusakan terumbu karang karena memangsa karang hidup dalam jumlah besar dengan kepadatan tinggi.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Spesies

Berikut ini merupakan spesiesnya yang terdaftar dalam WoRMS:^[1]

Acanthaster brevispinus Fisher, 1917
Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758)

Beberapa sumber menambahkan spesies Acanthaster ellisi (Gray, 1840), tetapi sekarang dianggap sebagai subspesies dari Acanthaster planci (Bintang laut mahkota duri) yang berasal dari Samudera Pasifik timur.^[5]

Penelitian molekuler baru-baru ini menunjukkan bahwa Acanthaster planci merupakan spesies yang dapat dipecah hingga 4 spesies berbeda yang belum dideskripsikan secara terpisah (Vogler et al., 2008). Haszprunar, Vogler & Wörheide (2017)^[6] menyarankan agar sesies A. planci dibagi menjadi spesies berikut:

Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758)
Acanthaster mauritiensis (de Loriol, 1885)
Acanthaster solaris (Schreber, 1795)
Acanthaster benziei (Wörheide, Kaltenbacher, Cowan & Haszprunar, 2022)^[7]

Referensi

^ ^a ^b ^c Mah, C. (2012). Acanthaster Gervais, 1841. In: Mah, C.L. (2012). World Asteroidea database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205212 on 2012-03-23
^ ^a ^b Pratchett, Morgan S.; Cumming, Graeme S. (October 2019). "Managing cross-scale dynamics in marine conservation: Pest irruptions and lessons from culling of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster spp.)". Biological Conservation. 238: 108211. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108211. ISSN 0006-3207.
^ Uthicke, Sven; Fisher, Eric E.; Patel, Frances; Diaz-Guijarro, Beatriz; Doyle, Jason R.; Messmer, Vanessa; Pratchett, Morgan S. (2019-09-30). "Spawning time of Acanthaster cf. solaris on the Great Barrier Reef inferred using qPCR quantification of embryos and larvae: do they know it's Christmas?". Marine Biology. 166 (10). doi:10.1007/s00227-019-3582-5 . ISSN 0025-3162.
^ Gilmour, James P.; Cook, Kylie L.; Ryan, Nicole M.; Puotinen, Marjetta L.; Green, Rebecca H.; Shedrawi, George; Hobbs, Jean-Paul A.; Thomson, Damian P.; Babcock, Russell C.; Buckee, Joanna; Foster, Taryn (2019-08-01). "The state of Western Australia's coral reefs". Coral Reefs (dalam bahasa Inggris). 38 (4): 651–667. Bibcode:2019CorRe..38..651G. doi:10.1007/s00338-019-01795-8. ISSN 1432-0975.
^ "Acanthaster ellisi". The World Asteroidea Database. Diakses tanggal 20 September 2019.
^ Haszprunar, Gerhard; Vogler, Catherine; Wörheide, Gert (2017). "Persistent Gaps of Knowledge for Naming and Distinguishing Multiple Species of Crown-of-Thorns-Seastar in the Acanthaster planci Species Complex". Diversity. 9 (2): 22. doi:10.3390/d9020022 .
^ Gert Wörheide, Emilie Kaltenbacher, Zara-Louise Cowan et Gerhard Haszprunar, « A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida: Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea », Zootaxa, 2022

[WoRMS-1] Mah, C. (2012). Acanthaster Gervais, 1841. In: Mah, C.L. (2012). World Asteroidea database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205212 on 2012-03-23

[Pratchett_108211-2] Pratchett, Morgan S.; Cumming, Graeme S. (October 2019). "Managing cross-scale dynamics in marine conservation: Pest irruptions and lessons from culling of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster spp.)". Biological Conservation. 238: 108211. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108211. ISSN 0006-3207.

[3] Uthicke, Sven; Fisher, Eric E.; Patel, Frances; Diaz-Guijarro, Beatriz; Doyle, Jason R.; Messmer, Vanessa; Pratchett, Morgan S. (2019-09-30). "Spawning time of Acanthaster cf. solaris on the Great Barrier Reef inferred using qPCR quantification of embryos and larvae: do they know it's Christmas?". Marine Biology. 166 (10). doi:10.1007/s00227-019-3582-5 . ISSN 0025-3162.

[4] Gilmour, James P.; Cook, Kylie L.; Ryan, Nicole M.; Puotinen, Marjetta L.; Green, Rebecca H.; Shedrawi, George; Hobbs, Jean-Paul A.; Thomson, Damian P.; Babcock, Russell C.; Buckee, Joanna; Foster, Taryn (2019-08-01). "The state of Western Australia's coral reefs". Coral Reefs (dalam bahasa Inggris). 38 (4): 651–667. Bibcode:2019CorRe..38..651G. doi:10.1007/s00338-019-01795-8. ISSN 1432-0975.

[5] "Acanthaster ellisi". The World Asteroidea Database. Diakses tanggal 20 September 2019.

[6] Haszprunar, Gerhard; Vogler, Catherine; Wörheide, Gert (2017). "Persistent Gaps of Knowledge for Naming and Distinguishing Multiple Species of Crown-of-Thorns-Seastar in the Acanthaster planci Species Complex". Diversity. 9 (2): 22. doi:10.3390/d9020022 .

[7] Gert Wörheide, Emilie Kaltenbacher, Zara-Louise Cowan et Gerhard Haszprunar, « A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida: Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea », Zootaxa, 2022

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