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Reciprocity across modes of supply in the World Trade Organization : a negotiating formula

Author

Listed:
  • Mattoo, Aaditya
  • Olarreaga, Marcelo

Abstract

Negotiations on trade in services at the World Trade Organization (WTO) have so far produced little liberalization beyond levels countries have undertaken unilaterally. One reason: limited application of the traditional negotiating principle of reciprocity. In particular, participants have failed to exploit the scope of the services agreement (General Agreement on Trade in Services -GATS) for the exchange of market-access"concessions"across different modes of supply - cross-border delivery and the movement of capital and workers. Using the Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek framework, the authors propose a negotiating formula that generalizes the fundamental WTO principle of reciprocity to include alternative modes of delivery. Adoption of this formula as a basis for negotiations could bring greater commitments to liberalization on all modes of delivery, producing substantial gains in global welfare and more balanced outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Mattoo, Aaditya & Olarreaga, Marcelo, 2000. "Reciprocity across modes of supply in the World Trade Organization : a negotiating formula," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2373, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:2373
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Mattoo, Aaditya & Olarreaga, Marcelo, 2000. "Should credit be given for autonomous liberalization in multilateral trade negotiations?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2374, The World Bank.
    4. James R. MARKUSEN, 2021. "Factor Movements And Commodity Trade As Complements," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: BROADENING TRADE THEORY Incorporating Market Realities into Traditional Models, chapter 15, pages 325-340, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
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    Cited by:

    1. Bernard Hoekman & Francis Ng & Marcelo Olarreaga, 2002. "Eliminating Excessive Tariffs on Exports of Least Developed Countries," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Mattoo, Aaditya, 2001. "Shaping future GATS rules for trade in services," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2596, The World Bank.
    3. Olarreaga, Marcelo & Ng, Francis, 2001. "Tariff Peaks in the Quad and Least Developed Country Exports," CEPR Discussion Papers 2747, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.

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