Asụsụ Ndyuka

Ndyuka ; Aukan
:	Ndyuka.svg
Spoken in:	Suriname, French Guiana
Total speakers:	Templeeti:Sigfig
Language family:	English Creole; Atlantic; Suriname; NdyukaTempleeti:Infobox Language/script
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	none
ISO 639-2:	—
ISO 639-3:	djk
	Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.

Ndyuka //ən'dʒuːkə//, nke a na-akpọkwa Aukan, Okanisi, Ndyuka tongo, Aukaans, BusiNenge Tongo (nke ụfọdụ na-ewere dị ka mkparị), Eastern Maroon Creole, ma ọ bụ Nenge bụ Asụsụ Creole nke Suriname na French Guiana, nke Ndị Ndyuka na-asụ. Ndị na-ekwu okwu bụ otu n'ime Ndị Maroon isii (nke a na-akpọbu "Bush Negroes") na Republic of Suriname na otu n'etiti ndị Maroon na French Guiana. Ọtụtụ n'ime puku mmadụ iri abụọ na ise ruo iri atọ na-ekwu okwu bi n'ime ime obodo ahụ, nke bụ akụkụ nke mba ahụ kpuchiri Oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo. Ethnologue depụtara asụsụ abụọ yiri ya n'okpuru aha Ndyuka, nke ọzọ bụ olumba nke Lutos.

Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

Ndyuka dabeere na okwu Bekee, yana mmetụta sitere n'asụsụ Afrịka na ụtọ asụsụ na ụda ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọdịiche dị n'etiti na ("bụ") na ná ("bụghị") bụ ụdaolu; okwu nwere ike ịmalite na ụdaume dịka mb na ng, ụfọdụ ndị na-ekwu okwu na-ejikwa ụdaume kp na gb. (Nye ndị ọzọ na-asụ Ndyuka, a na-akpọ ha kw na gw, n'otu n'otu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, okwu "ịhapụ" bụ gwé ma ọ bụ__wol____wol____wol__, site na Bekee "ịga"). Ihe dị iche n'asụsụ ahụ bụ iwepụ mkpụr r nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na Sranan Tongo.

E nwekwara mmetụta sitere n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ. ka Creolization and Contact (2002) si kwuo, 46% nke okwu ndị ahụ sitere na Bekee, 16% sitere na Dutch, 35% sitere na Portuguese, na 3% sitere na asụsụ Africa.[lower-alpha 1]

Orthography

orthography nke oge a dị ich na orthography ochie nke dabeere na [./D<i id= u_language" id="mwPQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dutch language">Dutch] n'i'j' dochie u maka oe na y maka j. A na-akpọpụta [./<i id= di_(orthography)" id="mwQg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Digraph (orthography)">digraphs] ty na dy dịka English ch na j, n'otu n'otu. A naghị ede ụda olu mgbe niile, mana achọrọ ya maka okwu dịka ná ("ọ bụghị"). E mepụtara mkpụrụedemede Afaka maka Ndyuka na 1908.

Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Latịn

A - [a]
B - [b]
D - [d]
E - [e]
F - [f]
G - [g]
H - [h]
[I]
K - [k]
L - [l]
M - [m]
N - [n]
O - [ma ọ bụ]
P - [p]
S - [s]
T - [t]
U - [u]
W - [w]
Y - [j]
Z - [z]

Asụsụ

Asụsụ Ndyuka nwere olumba atọ: Ndyuka (ma ọ bụ Okanisi), Aluku, na Paramaccan, nke dị iche iche. ^[1]

Kwinti dị iche iche n'asụsụ iji were ya dị ka asụsụ dị iche, mana a na-agụnye ya mgbe ụfọdụ n'okpuru aha Ndyuka.

Ndyuka bụkwa ntọala nke Ndyuka-Tiriyó Pidgin.

Ihe Nlereanya

Nke a bụ ihe atụ nke ederede Ndyuka, na ntụgharị ya n'asụsụ Bekee (na-egosi similitarities yana evolushọn okwu), nke sitere na Languages of the Guianas (SIL Publications):

Ntinye koodu

Akara asụsụ IETF edebanyela aha: ^[2]

djk dị ka "Eastern Maroon Creole", "Businenge Tongo", "Nenge" djk-aluku maka asụsụ Aluku djk-ndyuka maka asụsụ Ndyuka djk-pamaka maka asụsụ Paramaccan
- djk-aluku maka Asụsụ Aluku
- djk-ndyuka maka asụsụ Ndyuka
- djk-pamaka maka Asụsụ Paramaccan
kww maka Asụsụ Kwinti

Ihe edeturu

Edensibia

atụ nke ederede Ndyuka, na ntụgharị ya n'asụsụ Bekee (na-egosi similitarities yana evolushọnatụ nke ederede Ndyuka, na ntụgharị ya n'asụsụ Bekee (na-egosi similitarities yana evolushọn

↑ Bettina Migge (September 2003). Grammaire du nengee: Introduction aux langues aluku, ndyuka et pamaka (fr). Research Gate. Retrieved on 26 July 2020.
↑ IETF Language Subtag Registry (en). IANA (2021-08-06). Retrieved on 7 October 2021.

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

Huttar (1994). Ndyuka. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-05992-3.

Njikọ mpụga

Ọbá Akwụkwọ Mmụta Asụsụ Aukan

Templeeti:Languages of French Guiana

[grammar-1] Bettina Migge (September 2003). Grammaire du nengee: Introduction aux langues aluku, ndyuka et pamaka (fr). Research Gate. Retrieved on 26 July 2020.

[IANA-2] IETF Language Subtag Registry (en). IANA (2021-08-06). Retrieved on 7 October 2021.

[1]

[2]