Azouaou Mammeri
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Azouaou Mammeri (1890 ma ọ bụ 1892 - 1954), nke a makwaara dị ka Si Azouaou Mameri, bụ onye Algeria na-ese ihe nke amụrụ na 1890 [1] ma ọ bụ 1872 [2] n'obodo Taourirt-Mimoun nke bụ akụkụ nke Aït Yenni . Ọ nwụrụ na Septemba 17, 1954, na Aït Yenni.
A mụrụ Mammeri site n'ebo Aït Yenni, nwa Saïd ben Mohammed. Ezinụlọ ya bụ nke Caïds ketara eketa, a na-ewerekwa mpaghara ebe ọ mụrụ na nso ugwu Kabylia dị ka ihe dị mma maka ebumnuche ndị ọchịchị colonial nke ịkụziri ụmụ amaala asụsụ na omenala French. Site na 1906 ruo 1909, ọ gara l'École Normale d'Alger na Bouzareah, kọleji ọzụzụ maka ndị nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ọ gara obodo dị iche iche nke France na ndị nkụzi ụmụ akwụkwọ.
Nkụzi na mmalite ọrụ nka (1909-1921)
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]A họpụtara Mammeri ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi n'ọnwa Ọktoba 1909 na Toudja, nke dị nso na Bejaia. Ọ zutere Édouard Herzig, onye nyere aka nye ya ndụmọdụ mgbe Mammeri malitere dị ka onye na-ese ihe. N'afọ 1913, a họpụtara Mammeri na Gouraya, nke dị n'etiti Cherchell na Ténès, wee zute Léon Carré, onye ya na ya kerịtara ihe ọmụma ya banyere ise ihe n'ime ọnwa asatọ.[3]
N'afọ1916, ọ gara Fez, Morocco, ebe nwa nwanne nna ya, Mohammad Mammeri, bụ onye nkuzi maka ọdịnihu Mohammed V nke Morocco. Mammeri nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma na Fez na Rabat dịka onye nkuzi. Malite na 1917, o nyere aka na akụkọ dị na magazin gọọmentị France France-Maroc dị ka nke na-atụle ndụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị asụsụ abụọ na Morocco. Akụkọ ya na mbipụta France-Maroc nke December 1918 nwere n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ, otu n'ime ọrụ mbụ ya dị mkpa, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Koranic. Ihe osise a yiri eserese mmanụ ya akpọrọ Interior of a Koranic School nke dị na Cleveland Museum of Art. E gosiri ihe osise nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Koranic, tinyere mmadụ ole na ole ndị ọzọ n'ihe ngosi na Paris na 1921. N'ihe ngosi mbụ Mammeri mere na Paris, nke bụ na 1917, o gosiri Fez ihe osise abụọ na-ese ala, na 1921 kwa, Léonce Bénédite nwetara ndị ahụ maka ya. Museum nke Luxembourg. [1][3]
N'afọ 1921, Mammeri malitere igosi nka ya na Algiers.
Caïd to the Douar of the Beni-Yanni (1922–1927)
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]
Mgbe Mammeri laghachiri Algeria, ọ ghọrọ caïd na 1922, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkwa n'ógbè ebe ọ tolitere. Nke a bụ n'oge ndị France nwere mmasị dị elu na nka ya, [3] nke atọ n'ime ihe osise Mammeri gosipụtara bụ akụkụ nke ihe ngosi nke mere na Brooklyn Museum na 1923. [4] A na-ekwu na ihe osise ndị ahụ sitere na Society for the Diffusion of French Knowledge in America site na akụkọ New York Times, nke na-egosipụta otú ndị nkatọ nke oge ahụ si ele Mammeri anya dị ka "onye omenkà ọdịda anyanwụ". [5] Mammeri gere ntị na nsogbu dị iche iche nke ndị obodo ahụ, ndị nka Mammeri nwekwara obi ụtọ.[1][3]
Ịlaghachi Morocco (1927-1948)
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]N'afọ 1927, Mammeri laghachiri Morocco ebe ọ bụ onye nkuzi nka na Fez. N'afọ 1928, ọ ghọrọ onye nyocha mpaghara nke nka ụmụ amaala na Rabat na 1929, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye nyocha nke nka Moroccan na Marrakech, ọkwá ọ nọrọ ruo 1948 mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká. Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká, Mammeri guzobere ebe ngosi nka maka nka ụmụ amaala na Dar Si Say, ụlọ akwụkwọ, na ndị egwú nke egwu Andalusian na Berber na mmemme redio kwa izu na Radio Rabat.
E mere ya knight na Legion of Honour na 1950. [2]
Ihe Nketa
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]Ụfọdụ ndị na-ese ihe na-ewere Mammeri dị ka onye Moroccan kachasị n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Algeria, na ịbụ onye Algeria kachasị n'etiti ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri Moroccan. A na-ewerekwa Mammeri dị ka onye mbụ na onye kacha ochie na-ese ihe na Algeria. Mammeri nwetara Grand Prix artistique de l'Algérie n'afọ 1955. A gụnyere Mammeri na ngosi nke Jean Sénac nke ndị na-ese ihe Algeria na 1963.[6]
Ndị so n'ezinụlọ Mammeri gụnyere onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ mmadụ bụ Mouloud Mammeri (1917-1989). Nwa nwa Mammeri bụ Azwaw Mammeri (1954-2021), onye bịanyere aka na aha ya dị ka "Azwaw", bụkwa onye na-ese ihe.[7]
Ihe ngosi ndị bụ isi
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Ihe ngosi ndị mmadụ na-eme:
- 1917: Paris
- 1921: Paris, Pavillon de Marsan
- 1921: Algiers, Salon des Orientalistes Algériens Salon nke ndị Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Algeria
- 1927: Algiers, Salon d'Hiver Ụlọ Nzukọ Oge Oyi
- 1930: Algiers
- 1931: Paris, na n'afọ ndị sochirinụ Casablanca, Cairo, London, Oran, Rabat
- 1934: Naples, Seconda mostra internazionale d'arte colonial,
- 1935: Marrakech, 1st Salon de la France d'Outre-Mer
- 1936: Tunis, Salon de Tunis Ihe ngosi nke Tunis
- 1937: Paris, Exposition Universelle Ihe ngosi zuru ụwa ọnụ
- 1937: Algiers
- 1949: Oran
- 1951: Monte-Carlo, Ihe ngosi nka nke French Africa
- 1953: Constantine, Algeria, onye nka nke iri abụọ nke French Africa Ihe osise nke iri abụọ nke French Africa
- 1958: Brussels, Exposition Universelle Ihe ngosi zuru ụwa ọnụ
- 1963: Algiers
- 1974: Turkey, Ndị Na-ese Ihe na Algeria
- 1999: Algiers
- 2003: Marseille, Château Borély na Paris, Orangerie du Sénat, Le Sicile de XXe dans l'art algérien Sicily nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ na nka Algeria
- Ihe ngosi onwe onye:
- 1921: Paris, Galerie Feuillets d'art (okwu mmalite nke Léonce Bénédite[8])
- 1924: Algiers
- 1925: Galerie Georges-Petit, Paris (akwụkwọ ozi Marshal nke Lyautey dere ) [9]
- 1927: Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie Cleveland, Ebe Ngosi ihe Mgbe Ochie Brooklyn na French Institute
- 1952: Algiers, gallery Bosco
- 1966: Algiers, Ihe ngosi nletaghachi, Galerie Pasteur
Ebe ndebe ihe ochie
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- Institut du Monde Arabe, Paris: N'Ime ụlọ alakụba Karaouin, 1921
- Algiers" id="mwwA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="National Museum of Fine Arts of Algiers">National Museum of Fine Arts nke Algiers, Algiers: Obodo kabyle Obodo nta kabyle
- Ahmed Zabana National Museum, Oran: Ọnụ ụzọ ámá Mogador
- Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie nke Orsay, Paris: Vue de Fez, 1921
- Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio: Interior of a School Coranique, 1923
- Cirta National Museum, Constantine
- French Institute Alliance Française, New York
Ebem si dee
[dezie | dezie ebe o si]- ↑ Mammeri, Azouaou (1890-1954). IdRef - Identifiants et Référentiels pour l'ESR. Retrieved on 31 May 2023.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 File of the Legion of Honour of Azouaou Mammeri, call number 19800035/28/3577, Léonore database.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Benjamin (2002). "Colonial Tutelage to Nationalist Affirmation: Mammeri and Racim, Painters of the Maghreb". Orientalism's Interlocutors: 43–78. DOI:10.1515/9780822383857-005. Kpọpụta njehie: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Benjamin" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "The World of Art: Paintings and Prints in Summer Exhibitions", The New York Times, July 22, 1923.
- ↑ Gustave Kahn, Art, in Mercure de France 160 (December 1922): 762–63
- ↑ Artists of the Algerian Fraternity 1963-2020. Dalloul Art Foundation. Retrieved on 26 May 2023.
- ↑ "Mourning paintings: In his house in Bordj el-Kiffan, the Algerian painter Azwaw Mammeri lives among his paintings", Jeune Afrique.
- ↑ Text from Le sicile de XXe dans l’art algérien, texts by Ramon Tio Bellido, Malika Dorbani Bouabdellah, Dalila Mahammad Orfali and Fatma Zohra Zamoum, Château Borély, Marseille / Orangerie du Sénat, Paris, April-August 2003, Paris, Aica press, 2003, pp. 153-155
- ↑ Texts from Le sicile de XXe dans l’art algérien, texts by Ramon Tio Bellido, Malika Dorbani Bouabdellah, Dalila Mahammad Orfali and Fatma Zohra Zamoum, Château Borély, Marseille / Orangerie du Sénat, Paris, April-August 2003, Paris, Aica press, 2003, pp. 155-156