Books by Yulia P . Krylova / Юлия Крылова
https://history.jes.su/issue.2024.2.6.6-140/, 2024
Блок статей журнала ЭНОЖ "История" посвящен памяти Юрия Львовича Бессмертного (1923—2000), извест... more Блок статей журнала ЭНОЖ "История" посвящен памяти Юрия Львовича Бессмертного (1923—2000), известного российского историка-медиевиста, профессора, доктора исторических наук, столетие со дня рождения которого Отдел исторической антропологии и истории повседневности Института всеобщей истории РАН отметил осенью 2023 г.
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Часть II. Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления мир... more Часть II. Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления мировой историографии (отв. ред. Ю. П. Крылова)
Второй раздел выпуска содержит материалы круглого стола «Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления и дискуссии современной мировой историографии», прошедшего в ИВИ РАН в июне 2022 г. в рамках всероссийской научной конференции «Современная российская медиевистика». Участники конференции обсуждали современное состояние отечественных и мировых исследований, касающихся дворов и придворного общества в Европе Средних веков и раннего Нового времени. За последние 20–30 лет мировая историография претерпела кардинальные изменения, произошел существенный всплеск интереса к дворам правителей, придворному обществу и разным аспектам жизни при дворе (церемониям, рождению, смерти, семье и женскому присутствию), куриальному институту в целом. В отечественной медиевистике, несмотря на существование отдельных проектов, массовый интерес и поворот к «придворным» исследованиям наметился лишь несколько лет назад. В статьях раздела рассматриваются особенности историографии разных стран: темы и направления ведущихся исследований, конкретные сюжеты, а также возможные лакуны и дальнейшие перспективы исследований.
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Part II. Courts of Rulers in Europe of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Trends of World Historiography (ed. by Yulia Krylova)
The part of the issue contains the materials of the round table “Courts of rulers in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: trends and discussions of newest historiography”, held at the Institute of World History (RAS) in June 2022 as part of the scientific conference “Modern Russian Medieval Studies”. The participants of the conference discussed the current state of Russian and world studies concerning the courts and court society in Europe of the Middle Ages and early Modern Times. Over the past 20–30 years, world historiography has undergone radical changes, with a significant surge of interest in the courts of rulers, court society and various aspects of life at the court (ceremonies, birth, death, family and women's presence), the curial institute as a whole. In Russian medieval studies, despite the existence of individual projects, massive interest and turn towards “court” studies emerged only a few years ago. The articles in this part discuss the features of the historiography of different countries: topics and directions of ongoing research, specific subjects, as well as possible gaps and further research perspectives.
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Издание представляет собой сборник научных трудов историка-медиевиста Рената Меулетовича Асейнова... more Издание представляет собой сборник научных трудов историка-медиевиста Рената Меулетовича Асейнова (1982-2015), специалиста по истории Бургундии XV в. и двора герцогов Бургундских. В книге рассматриваются различные аспекты политической, социальной и культурной жизни бургундского общества. Основное внимание уделяется исторической мысли,
формировавшейся придворными хронистами герцогов и другими историографами (Жорж Шатлен, Жан Молине, Оливье де Ла Марш, Жак дю Клерк). Анализируются представления об образе и власти государя, его взаимоотношения с придворными и представителями подвластных территорий, соотношение королевской и герцогской власти, борьба придворных
группировок за сферы влияния и др.
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Кому благоволит Фортуна? Счастливцы и неудачники при дворе в Средние века и Новое время. / Отв. ред. Ю.П.Крылова. – М., ИВИ РАН, 2015. – 223 c.+илл. , 2015
В сборник вошли статьи, написанные на основе материалов конференции, прошедшей в ИВИ РАН в сентяб... more В сборник вошли статьи, написанные на основе материалов конференции, прошедшей в ИВИ РАН в сентябре 2014 г. В центре внимания авторов – выявление возможных закономерностей удачной или неудачной карьеры при дворе властителя в Средние века и Новое время. На примере конкретных судеб авторы статей размышляют, насколько предсказуем был успех при дворе и от чего зависела грядущая опала фаворитов.
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La monographie de Yulia P. Krylova «Auteur et société en France au Moyen Age Tardif» est consacré... more La monographie de Yulia P. Krylova «Auteur et société en France au Moyen Age Tardif» est consacrée à l’histoire intellectuelle de la France des XIVe et XVe siècles. La question est abordée à travers l’analyse du « Livre du chevalier de La Tour pour l`enseignement de ses filles » (1371-1372), de sa tradition manuscrite, ainsi qu’à travers plusieurs autres textes didactiques. La monographie examine les problèmes de la lecture à la fin du Moyen Âge, de la relation entre l’auteur et ses lecteurs, du processus créatif de l`écrivain et de la popularité des œuvres pédagogiques en général. L’emploi croisé des diverses méthodologies propres aux études médiévales, paléographie, codicologie, philologie, histoire de l'art, permet d’éclairer des aspects importants de l’histoire de la création de l’oeuvre, de sa distribution, ainsi que la réception du «Livre du chevalier de La Tour».
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Монография посвящена проблемам интеллектуальной истории, рассматриваемым на примере Франции XIV-XV вв. Она позволит заглянуть в мир позднесредневековых сочинителей и читателей, старинных библиотек и их владельцев – представителей знати этой эпохи. На основе малоизвестной отечественной публике «Книги поучений дочерям» Жоффруа де Ла Тура Ландри (1371–1372), а также ряда других нарративных сочинений, рассматриваются особенности интеллектуальной жизни позднего Средневековья: процесс рождения книги – от замысла автора до воплощения его в жизнь, путь книги к читателю – от первых рукописей до последующих публикаций, взаимоотношения писателя и читателей посредством книги.
«Книга поучений дочерям» неоднократно издавалась, переводилась на иностранные языки, ее читали и цитировали другие авторы. Ее сюжетами вдохновлялись Джеффри Чосер, Маргарита Наваррская и даже Уильям Шекспир. Она сама и рассказ о ее судьбе привлекут внимание широкого круга читателей, интересующихся средневековой историей.
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Papers by Yulia P . Krylova / Юлия Крылова
ABOUT THE CEREMONIAL RECEPTION OF THE FRENCH PRINCESS IN 1502.
The wedding of the Hungarian King... more ABOUT THE CEREMONIAL RECEPTION OF THE FRENCH PRINCESS IN 1502.
The wedding of the Hungarian King Vladislav II (II. Ulászló) and the cousin of the French Queen Anne of Brittany, Princess Anne de Foix-Candal took place in 1502 to reinforce the Franco-Hungarian alliance. The young queen was to make the long journey to her husband from the castle of Blois on the Loire to the Hungarian Buda. The description of the negotiations preceding her engagement, the long journey and the wedding festivities were reflected in various sources: official documents, chronicles, relations, private letters. She was given a grand reception in the Republic of Venice, through which she was passing. The description of this meeting was preserved in the testimonies of eyewitnesses and participants of the festive celebrations. Based on two texts composed simultaneously with the events taking place – a relation to the Queen Anne of Brittany from the King of arms “Brittany” named Pierre Choque and a “libellus” from the Venetian patrician Angelo Gabriel to his friend, ambassador Sebastiano Giustiniano – the article examines whether the meeting of Anne de Foix-Candal in Venice was truly unparalleled before, or the authors of the sources pursued their own goals in constructing the description in the way they needed.
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ЭНОЖ "История", 2024
On the example of the concepts “noble — noblesse” in the teachings of Anne de Beaujeu, Duchess of... more On the example of the concepts “noble — noblesse” in the teachings of Anne de Beaujeu, Duchess of Bourbon to her daughter (1503—1505) the article examines the ideas of the author — the king’s daughter, regent, the last direct descendant of the Valoisdynasty — about the court and court circle. Analysis of these concepts allows us to seehow courtiers, especially ladies, appear in her eyes, and how they should be from herpoint of view. The author’s status and impeccable reputation allowed her to create aspecial text — a kind of educational manual that recorded the norms and rules that nobleyouth learned at her court, which was called by a contemporary “escolle de vertu et deperfection”. It became the quintessence of her educational programme for the courtaristocracy. The concepts of “noble — noblesse” show that the Duchess de Bourbonforms the behavioral code of court society, which she demonstrated by her own exampleand which will later form the basis of court etiquette.
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DOES THE QUEEN TRAVEL IN SILENCE? PECULIARITIES OF ROYAL PERSONAGES’ PROGRESS IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES, 2024
Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются две имеющие отношение к французскому королевскому двору реляц... more Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются две имеющие отношение к французскому королевскому двору реляции, описывающие почти одновременные событиядва путешествия 1501 и 1502 гг. В 1501 г. к французскому королю Людовику XII и Анне Бретонской прибыла с визитом чета супругов-эрцгерцог Австрийский Филипп Красивый и его жена Хуана Безумная, наследница Кастильского королевства, а в 1502 г. с торжественной процессией двор покинула Анна де Фуа-Кандаль, кузина Анны Бретонской, будущая королева Венгрии. Центральные фигуры обоих путешествий-дамы королевских кровей-оказываются в текстах практически безмолвными на протяжении долгого пути. Окруженные в обоих случаях тысячами людей в бесконечно длинных придворных караванах, являясь эпицентром событий, ради которых все происходило (первая направлялась в Испанию вступать в наследство, вторая-в Венгрию вступать в брак), они тем не менее хранили молчание, как об этом писали оба хрониста. В статье рассматриваются причины, вызвавшие это обстоятельство: идет ли речь об авторской стратегии, гендерной дискриминации, индивидуальных особенностях героинь или придворном этикете? В заключение делается вывод, что в реляциях как в официальном жанре становится важным описание соблюдения придворного церемониала, а их главные героини важны не как личности, а как носительницы королевского статуса.
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“Moy, Bretagne”. Anne of Brittany's King of Arms and the Functions of the Herald in Late Medieval France. The Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series History,, 2024
Анализируется текст реляции о путешествии французской принцессы Анны де Фуа-Кандаль к жениху-коро... more Анализируется текст реляции о путешествии французской принцессы Анны де Фуа-Кандаль к жениху-королю Владиславу II в Венгрию в 1502 г. На основании текста, созданного участником событий, гербовым королем французской королевы Анны Бретонской Пьером Шоком, рассматриваются основные функции придворного герольда во Франции позднего Средневековья.
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“Moy, Bretagne”. Anne of Brittany's King of Arms and the Functions of the Herald in Late Medieval France.
Abstract. The article analyses the text of a report on the journey of the French princess Anne of Foix-Candal to her fiancé King Vladislav II in Hungary in 1502. The main functions of a court herald in late medieval France are discussed based on the text created by Pierre Choque, a participant of the events, the king of arms of the French queen Anne of Brittany.
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Электронный научно-образовательный журнал «История». – 2023. – T. 14. – Выпуск 3 (125). URL, 2023
Burgundian Cleric and Denis Fonvizin Teach Grammar: Court Manners in the Mirror of Two Epochs.
Ab... more Burgundian Cleric and Denis Fonvizin Teach Grammar: Court Manners in the Mirror of Two Epochs.
Abstract. In the 1780s the well—known Russian writer Denis Fonvizin created his “General Court Grammar”. The idea of this work still seemed original and the sources of borrowing were not known. Meanwhile, its idea is very similar to the French “Doctrinal du temps present” by Pierre Michault (15th century), an anticurial work where court manners are also shown through the teaching of grammar. The article has a dual purpose: firstly, by comparing it, it examines in detail the circumstances of both works, the reasons for their writing, the choice of plot and the contents, and puts forward a hypothesis about the possible borrowing of idea by Fonvizin from the French text. Secondly, the methods of everyday history are used to conclude that both authors are dissatisfied with their place in courtly society and the need to make a career through their literary talent.
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Дети и детство в истории культуры: современные междисциплинарные исследования: Материалы второй международной научной конференции памяти Виталия Григорьевича Безрогова (г. Москва, 3–4 декабря 2021 г.) / Под ред. Г. И. Зверевой. — Москва: РГГУ, 2022, 2022
The memory of the self in the French medieval
teachings of parents to their children.
Abstract. N... more The memory of the self in the French medieval
teachings of parents to their children.
Abstract. Not many French medieval teachings written by parents for their children have survived to this day. Most of them were created already at the end of the Middle Ages. The voices of authors of the same era often sound in unison, but a comparison of the texts also reveals interesting individual characteristics of the writers, in particular what they — consciously or not — communicate about themselves to their children/readers. Family teaching literature, as it turns out, can carry the features of political heritage, personal autobiography, family history — be a variant of livre de raison, a type of memoria practice. Family educational practices, therefore, presuppose not only a perspective view (the future of children), but also a retrospective one, when upbringing involves remembering ancestors: preserving the memory of them in mortal life, and therefore continuing to pray for them. At the same time, it can be found that the desire to preserve the memory of oneself, in one way or another, in terrestrial life invariably turns out to be the personal reflection of each author about death, a way of realizing the fear of it and accepting it.
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Электронный научно-образовательный журнал «История». – 2023. – T. 14. – Выпуск 3 (125). , 2023
The article examines the most recent scholarly work on the history of French medieval courts. Not... more The article examines the most recent scholarly work on the history of French medieval courts. Not so long ago, scholars stated that this field was on the deep periphery of current research. The last two decades in French and French — language historiography, however, have been marked by an active increase in interest in the history of the courts, court life and aristocracy of the Middle Ages. The study of recent French — language historiography gives one a sense of catching up with lost time. Being out of the interests of advanced scientific trends for a long time, the court and the aristocracy are now being explored from all possible angles. The paper analyzes the main topics and problems of interest to researchers today: biographies of kings and nobles, ruling practices, gender studies, traditional «études bourguignonnes» and others; notes work on electronic projects and databases on court studies; outlines prospects for further research.
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Средние века. Вып. 83(2). С. 135-152., 2022
"47 coats of arms and four evangelists. Representative aspects of the preparationfor the birth of... more "47 coats of arms and four evangelists. Representative aspects of the preparationfor the birth of an heir at court in fifteenth-century France".
This article examines two texts created in fifteenth-century France by the court ladies, Éléonore de Poitiers and Marguerite of Burgundy. They describe preparations for the birth of children by noble ladies at court. Devoted to such a seemingly delicate topic, the texts do not present any medical, physiological or psychological judgments. The authors are interested in the purely external ceremonial side of the preparation for the event as a representation of the status and place of the birthing mother and her family in the court hierarchy. The article analyses the textual information about the decoration of the room where the heir was to be born. The ladies list the upholstery, draperies, bed-clothes, pillows, the distance between beds, the size of sideboards, etc. Not a single detail escapes their attention. However, it turns out that in their most detailed descriptions there is no place for religious objects and images usually accepted in such cases, while all textile and carpets are covered with the coats of arms of the future prince`s parents. The furnishings in the birthing mother's room testified to her rank or her peremptory claim to a higher status and should have corresponded to the status of the prince who was to be born. From the moment of birth, he fitted into the existing hierarchy and had to be given an honour corresponding to his status.
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МЕЖДУ МОЛЧАНИЕМ И МНОГОСЛОВИЕМ: РЕЧЬ ПРИДВОРНОЙ ДАМЫ ЭПОХИ РЕНЕССАНСА Крылова Ю.П. Вестник МГПУ. Серия: Исторические науки. 2022. № 2 (46). С. 127-138. , 2022
The article is devoted to the transformation of the norms of speech behaviour of a Renaissance co... more The article is devoted to the transformation of the norms of speech behaviour of a Renaissance court lady in France. The problem of communication became very acute at that time. This was particularly evident in the courts of rulers. By the end of the Middle Ages, the courts, which were predominantly male communities, were actively filled with women, which gave rise to new norms and manners of communication. With the growth of the courts the increase in the number of courtiers, communication in this environment became an integral concern of moralists. Using the figure of Anne of France, Duchesse de Bourbon and theatise to her daughter, the formation of new norms of women's communicative behaviour in the curial environment is examined. Instructing her daughter, she continued the tradition of her ancestors - the kings Saint Louis and Louis XI. But unlike her predecessors, she testifies to the formation of a new view on the ethics of verbal behaviour of women. The previously preached silence as the main female virtue is replaced by the idea of a harmonious culture of speech, regardless of the rank of the interlocutor. The urgent need to «please everyone» requires the search for a right balance between shy or proud silence and verbosity that annoys the interlocutors. She put into practice her own ideas about the worthy behavior of a court lady in a Renaissance way, as eyewitnesses testified to.
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// Signum / Центр гербоведческих и генеалогических исследований; Институт всеобщей истории РАН. / Отв. ред. А.П. Черных. Вып. 11. М.: ИВИ РАН, 2021. С. 80-96. , 2021
"Coat of arms of René d`Anjou: one hundred years of research" in: Signum. № 11. 2021
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Дети и детство в истории культуры. Совре-меные междисциплинарные исследования. / Под общ. ред. Е.Ю.Ромашиной. Тула: Тульский гос.пед. ун-т. им. Л.Н.Толстого, 2021. С.30-38, 2021
Ссылка: https://tsput.ru/journals/naucnie-sborniki/detail.php?ID=126571
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Under the influence of the royal court, the dukes of Burgundy laid the foundations for their own ... more Under the influence of the royal court, the dukes of Burgundy laid the foundations for their own magnificent court. The court ceremonial was developed at its peak in the second half of the fifteenth century, a period which scholars consider to be a time of great development. Numerous sources are dedicated to this period, including one that is unique because it was written by a lady of the court. Using the notes of Éléonore de Poitiers (1444/1446-1509), the article examines the ceremonial customs at the court of the dukes of Burgundy, especially those of the women, as well as the irregularities that frequently occurred. Thanks to Éléonore's surviving testimony, it becomes clear to us that ceremonial norms in the French court at the dawn of the Modern Age were quite fluid, and that the Burgundian court remained invariably linked to the court of the French king.
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The article considers some new aspects for the issue of attribution of “L’Abuzé en court” (“Decei... more The article considers some new aspects for the issue of attribution of “L’Abuzé en court” (“Deceived at Court”) – the French anonymous text of the second half of the 15th century. In the world historiography questioning the authorship of the work since long has been abandoned. Until the 19th century the author of the text was considered to be the king Rene of Anjou (1409–1480). Later that hypothesis was refuted by scholars, as long as the style of the composition did not correspond to the king`s other works.
Nothing is known about “L’Abuzé en court” and the text itself does not contain any visible references to its creator. However, a broader view of the context helps one to identify significant circumstances updating the longstanding issue. So far the view of researchers has missed such important aspects for the identification of “L’Abuzé en court” – as the roles-playing nature of medieval culture, especially the courtly one, intense literary and theater activity at the court of the king Rene of Anjou, in particular, of his jester Tribulet, who was extremely appreciated by the king, and the wide popularity of the text. Those circumstances, considered together, including the life events of the king himself, allow one to make a conclusion not only on the Angevin-Provençal court`s origin of the text, but also on the influence / participation of the jester Triboulet in its creation.
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Books by Yulia P . Krylova / Юлия Крылова
Второй раздел выпуска содержит материалы круглого стола «Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления и дискуссии современной мировой историографии», прошедшего в ИВИ РАН в июне 2022 г. в рамках всероссийской научной конференции «Современная российская медиевистика». Участники конференции обсуждали современное состояние отечественных и мировых исследований, касающихся дворов и придворного общества в Европе Средних веков и раннего Нового времени. За последние 20–30 лет мировая историография претерпела кардинальные изменения, произошел существенный всплеск интереса к дворам правителей, придворному обществу и разным аспектам жизни при дворе (церемониям, рождению, смерти, семье и женскому присутствию), куриальному институту в целом. В отечественной медиевистике, несмотря на существование отдельных проектов, массовый интерес и поворот к «придворным» исследованиям наметился лишь несколько лет назад. В статьях раздела рассматриваются особенности историографии разных стран: темы и направления ведущихся исследований, конкретные сюжеты, а также возможные лакуны и дальнейшие перспективы исследований.
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Part II. Courts of Rulers in Europe of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Trends of World Historiography (ed. by Yulia Krylova)
The part of the issue contains the materials of the round table “Courts of rulers in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: trends and discussions of newest historiography”, held at the Institute of World History (RAS) in June 2022 as part of the scientific conference “Modern Russian Medieval Studies”. The participants of the conference discussed the current state of Russian and world studies concerning the courts and court society in Europe of the Middle Ages and early Modern Times. Over the past 20–30 years, world historiography has undergone radical changes, with a significant surge of interest in the courts of rulers, court society and various aspects of life at the court (ceremonies, birth, death, family and women's presence), the curial institute as a whole. In Russian medieval studies, despite the existence of individual projects, massive interest and turn towards “court” studies emerged only a few years ago. The articles in this part discuss the features of the historiography of different countries: topics and directions of ongoing research, specific subjects, as well as possible gaps and further research perspectives.
формировавшейся придворными хронистами герцогов и другими историографами (Жорж Шатлен, Жан Молине, Оливье де Ла Марш, Жак дю Клерк). Анализируются представления об образе и власти государя, его взаимоотношения с придворными и представителями подвластных территорий, соотношение королевской и герцогской власти, борьба придворных
группировок за сферы влияния и др.
*******************
Монография посвящена проблемам интеллектуальной истории, рассматриваемым на примере Франции XIV-XV вв. Она позволит заглянуть в мир позднесредневековых сочинителей и читателей, старинных библиотек и их владельцев – представителей знати этой эпохи. На основе малоизвестной отечественной публике «Книги поучений дочерям» Жоффруа де Ла Тура Ландри (1371–1372), а также ряда других нарративных сочинений, рассматриваются особенности интеллектуальной жизни позднего Средневековья: процесс рождения книги – от замысла автора до воплощения его в жизнь, путь книги к читателю – от первых рукописей до последующих публикаций, взаимоотношения писателя и читателей посредством книги.
«Книга поучений дочерям» неоднократно издавалась, переводилась на иностранные языки, ее читали и цитировали другие авторы. Ее сюжетами вдохновлялись Джеффри Чосер, Маргарита Наваррская и даже Уильям Шекспир. Она сама и рассказ о ее судьбе привлекут внимание широкого круга читателей, интересующихся средневековой историей.
Papers by Yulia P . Krylova / Юлия Крылова
The wedding of the Hungarian King Vladislav II (II. Ulászló) and the cousin of the French Queen Anne of Brittany, Princess Anne de Foix-Candal took place in 1502 to reinforce the Franco-Hungarian alliance. The young queen was to make the long journey to her husband from the castle of Blois on the Loire to the Hungarian Buda. The description of the negotiations preceding her engagement, the long journey and the wedding festivities were reflected in various sources: official documents, chronicles, relations, private letters. She was given a grand reception in the Republic of Venice, through which she was passing. The description of this meeting was preserved in the testimonies of eyewitnesses and participants of the festive celebrations. Based on two texts composed simultaneously with the events taking place – a relation to the Queen Anne of Brittany from the King of arms “Brittany” named Pierre Choque and a “libellus” from the Venetian patrician Angelo Gabriel to his friend, ambassador Sebastiano Giustiniano – the article examines whether the meeting of Anne de Foix-Candal in Venice was truly unparalleled before, or the authors of the sources pursued their own goals in constructing the description in the way they needed.
____________________________________________________________________________
“Moy, Bretagne”. Anne of Brittany's King of Arms and the Functions of the Herald in Late Medieval France.
Abstract. The article analyses the text of a report on the journey of the French princess Anne of Foix-Candal to her fiancé King Vladislav II in Hungary in 1502. The main functions of a court herald in late medieval France are discussed based on the text created by Pierre Choque, a participant of the events, the king of arms of the French queen Anne of Brittany.
Abstract. In the 1780s the well—known Russian writer Denis Fonvizin created his “General Court Grammar”. The idea of this work still seemed original and the sources of borrowing were not known. Meanwhile, its idea is very similar to the French “Doctrinal du temps present” by Pierre Michault (15th century), an anticurial work where court manners are also shown through the teaching of grammar. The article has a dual purpose: firstly, by comparing it, it examines in detail the circumstances of both works, the reasons for their writing, the choice of plot and the contents, and puts forward a hypothesis about the possible borrowing of idea by Fonvizin from the French text. Secondly, the methods of everyday history are used to conclude that both authors are dissatisfied with their place in courtly society and the need to make a career through their literary talent.
teachings of parents to their children.
Abstract. Not many French medieval teachings written by parents for their children have survived to this day. Most of them were created already at the end of the Middle Ages. The voices of authors of the same era often sound in unison, but a comparison of the texts also reveals interesting individual characteristics of the writers, in particular what they — consciously or not — communicate about themselves to their children/readers. Family teaching literature, as it turns out, can carry the features of political heritage, personal autobiography, family history — be a variant of livre de raison, a type of memoria practice. Family educational practices, therefore, presuppose not only a perspective view (the future of children), but also a retrospective one, when upbringing involves remembering ancestors: preserving the memory of them in mortal life, and therefore continuing to pray for them. At the same time, it can be found that the desire to preserve the memory of oneself, in one way or another, in terrestrial life invariably turns out to be the personal reflection of each author about death, a way of realizing the fear of it and accepting it.
This article examines two texts created in fifteenth-century France by the court ladies, Éléonore de Poitiers and Marguerite of Burgundy. They describe preparations for the birth of children by noble ladies at court. Devoted to such a seemingly delicate topic, the texts do not present any medical, physiological or psychological judgments. The authors are interested in the purely external ceremonial side of the preparation for the event as a representation of the status and place of the birthing mother and her family in the court hierarchy. The article analyses the textual information about the decoration of the room where the heir was to be born. The ladies list the upholstery, draperies, bed-clothes, pillows, the distance between beds, the size of sideboards, etc. Not a single detail escapes their attention. However, it turns out that in their most detailed descriptions there is no place for religious objects and images usually accepted in such cases, while all textile and carpets are covered with the coats of arms of the future prince`s parents. The furnishings in the birthing mother's room testified to her rank or her peremptory claim to a higher status and should have corresponded to the status of the prince who was to be born. From the moment of birth, he fitted into the existing hierarchy and had to be given an honour corresponding to his status.
Nothing is known about “L’Abuzé en court” and the text itself does not contain any visible references to its creator. However, a broader view of the context helps one to identify significant circumstances updating the longstanding issue. So far the view of researchers has missed such important aspects for the identification of “L’Abuzé en court” – as the roles-playing nature of medieval culture, especially the courtly one, intense literary and theater activity at the court of the king Rene of Anjou, in particular, of his jester Tribulet, who was extremely appreciated by the king, and the wide popularity of the text. Those circumstances, considered together, including the life events of the king himself, allow one to make a conclusion not only on the Angevin-Provençal court`s origin of the text, but also on the influence / participation of the jester Triboulet in its creation.
Второй раздел выпуска содержит материалы круглого стола «Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления и дискуссии современной мировой историографии», прошедшего в ИВИ РАН в июне 2022 г. в рамках всероссийской научной конференции «Современная российская медиевистика». Участники конференции обсуждали современное состояние отечественных и мировых исследований, касающихся дворов и придворного общества в Европе Средних веков и раннего Нового времени. За последние 20–30 лет мировая историография претерпела кардинальные изменения, произошел существенный всплеск интереса к дворам правителей, придворному обществу и разным аспектам жизни при дворе (церемониям, рождению, смерти, семье и женскому присутствию), куриальному институту в целом. В отечественной медиевистике, несмотря на существование отдельных проектов, массовый интерес и поворот к «придворным» исследованиям наметился лишь несколько лет назад. В статьях раздела рассматриваются особенности историографии разных стран: темы и направления ведущихся исследований, конкретные сюжеты, а также возможные лакуны и дальнейшие перспективы исследований.
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Part II. Courts of Rulers in Europe of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Trends of World Historiography (ed. by Yulia Krylova)
The part of the issue contains the materials of the round table “Courts of rulers in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: trends and discussions of newest historiography”, held at the Institute of World History (RAS) in June 2022 as part of the scientific conference “Modern Russian Medieval Studies”. The participants of the conference discussed the current state of Russian and world studies concerning the courts and court society in Europe of the Middle Ages and early Modern Times. Over the past 20–30 years, world historiography has undergone radical changes, with a significant surge of interest in the courts of rulers, court society and various aspects of life at the court (ceremonies, birth, death, family and women's presence), the curial institute as a whole. In Russian medieval studies, despite the existence of individual projects, massive interest and turn towards “court” studies emerged only a few years ago. The articles in this part discuss the features of the historiography of different countries: topics and directions of ongoing research, specific subjects, as well as possible gaps and further research perspectives.
формировавшейся придворными хронистами герцогов и другими историографами (Жорж Шатлен, Жан Молине, Оливье де Ла Марш, Жак дю Клерк). Анализируются представления об образе и власти государя, его взаимоотношения с придворными и представителями подвластных территорий, соотношение королевской и герцогской власти, борьба придворных
группировок за сферы влияния и др.
*******************
Монография посвящена проблемам интеллектуальной истории, рассматриваемым на примере Франции XIV-XV вв. Она позволит заглянуть в мир позднесредневековых сочинителей и читателей, старинных библиотек и их владельцев – представителей знати этой эпохи. На основе малоизвестной отечественной публике «Книги поучений дочерям» Жоффруа де Ла Тура Ландри (1371–1372), а также ряда других нарративных сочинений, рассматриваются особенности интеллектуальной жизни позднего Средневековья: процесс рождения книги – от замысла автора до воплощения его в жизнь, путь книги к читателю – от первых рукописей до последующих публикаций, взаимоотношения писателя и читателей посредством книги.
«Книга поучений дочерям» неоднократно издавалась, переводилась на иностранные языки, ее читали и цитировали другие авторы. Ее сюжетами вдохновлялись Джеффри Чосер, Маргарита Наваррская и даже Уильям Шекспир. Она сама и рассказ о ее судьбе привлекут внимание широкого круга читателей, интересующихся средневековой историей.
The wedding of the Hungarian King Vladislav II (II. Ulászló) and the cousin of the French Queen Anne of Brittany, Princess Anne de Foix-Candal took place in 1502 to reinforce the Franco-Hungarian alliance. The young queen was to make the long journey to her husband from the castle of Blois on the Loire to the Hungarian Buda. The description of the negotiations preceding her engagement, the long journey and the wedding festivities were reflected in various sources: official documents, chronicles, relations, private letters. She was given a grand reception in the Republic of Venice, through which she was passing. The description of this meeting was preserved in the testimonies of eyewitnesses and participants of the festive celebrations. Based on two texts composed simultaneously with the events taking place – a relation to the Queen Anne of Brittany from the King of arms “Brittany” named Pierre Choque and a “libellus” from the Venetian patrician Angelo Gabriel to his friend, ambassador Sebastiano Giustiniano – the article examines whether the meeting of Anne de Foix-Candal in Venice was truly unparalleled before, or the authors of the sources pursued their own goals in constructing the description in the way they needed.
____________________________________________________________________________
“Moy, Bretagne”. Anne of Brittany's King of Arms and the Functions of the Herald in Late Medieval France.
Abstract. The article analyses the text of a report on the journey of the French princess Anne of Foix-Candal to her fiancé King Vladislav II in Hungary in 1502. The main functions of a court herald in late medieval France are discussed based on the text created by Pierre Choque, a participant of the events, the king of arms of the French queen Anne of Brittany.
Abstract. In the 1780s the well—known Russian writer Denis Fonvizin created his “General Court Grammar”. The idea of this work still seemed original and the sources of borrowing were not known. Meanwhile, its idea is very similar to the French “Doctrinal du temps present” by Pierre Michault (15th century), an anticurial work where court manners are also shown through the teaching of grammar. The article has a dual purpose: firstly, by comparing it, it examines in detail the circumstances of both works, the reasons for their writing, the choice of plot and the contents, and puts forward a hypothesis about the possible borrowing of idea by Fonvizin from the French text. Secondly, the methods of everyday history are used to conclude that both authors are dissatisfied with their place in courtly society and the need to make a career through their literary talent.
teachings of parents to their children.
Abstract. Not many French medieval teachings written by parents for their children have survived to this day. Most of them were created already at the end of the Middle Ages. The voices of authors of the same era often sound in unison, but a comparison of the texts also reveals interesting individual characteristics of the writers, in particular what they — consciously or not — communicate about themselves to their children/readers. Family teaching literature, as it turns out, can carry the features of political heritage, personal autobiography, family history — be a variant of livre de raison, a type of memoria practice. Family educational practices, therefore, presuppose not only a perspective view (the future of children), but also a retrospective one, when upbringing involves remembering ancestors: preserving the memory of them in mortal life, and therefore continuing to pray for them. At the same time, it can be found that the desire to preserve the memory of oneself, in one way or another, in terrestrial life invariably turns out to be the personal reflection of each author about death, a way of realizing the fear of it and accepting it.
This article examines two texts created in fifteenth-century France by the court ladies, Éléonore de Poitiers and Marguerite of Burgundy. They describe preparations for the birth of children by noble ladies at court. Devoted to such a seemingly delicate topic, the texts do not present any medical, physiological or psychological judgments. The authors are interested in the purely external ceremonial side of the preparation for the event as a representation of the status and place of the birthing mother and her family in the court hierarchy. The article analyses the textual information about the decoration of the room where the heir was to be born. The ladies list the upholstery, draperies, bed-clothes, pillows, the distance between beds, the size of sideboards, etc. Not a single detail escapes their attention. However, it turns out that in their most detailed descriptions there is no place for religious objects and images usually accepted in such cases, while all textile and carpets are covered with the coats of arms of the future prince`s parents. The furnishings in the birthing mother's room testified to her rank or her peremptory claim to a higher status and should have corresponded to the status of the prince who was to be born. From the moment of birth, he fitted into the existing hierarchy and had to be given an honour corresponding to his status.
Nothing is known about “L’Abuzé en court” and the text itself does not contain any visible references to its creator. However, a broader view of the context helps one to identify significant circumstances updating the longstanding issue. So far the view of researchers has missed such important aspects for the identification of “L’Abuzé en court” – as the roles-playing nature of medieval culture, especially the courtly one, intense literary and theater activity at the court of the king Rene of Anjou, in particular, of his jester Tribulet, who was extremely appreciated by the king, and the wide popularity of the text. Those circumstances, considered together, including the life events of the king himself, allow one to make a conclusion not only on the Angevin-Provençal court`s origin of the text, but also on the influence / participation of the jester Triboulet in its creation.
The interests of a particular historical figure can often be reconstructed by analysing the contents of his private library. By the end of the XV century collections of bibliophiles numbered often some hundreds of volumes. However, we have an information about by far not all medieval libraries. This article is based on reflecting on opportunities for the reconstruction of medieval libraries with the help of circumstantial sources. It aims to trace the books that may have been belonged to a French courtier and senechal Rigault d'Oureille, a nobleman who lived in the second half of the XV century. The contents of the senechal`s library, unknown to modern scholars, are outlined by using the genealogical data, the signatures made on the books by the members of the Oureille family, the catalogue data, the iconography of the frescoes in the family castle, the observations made by the XIXth century erudites. The article concludes that the Rigault d`Oureille`s library was consisted of at least 11 volumes (13 works of various genres). By analyzing the contents of some other libraries owned by French nobility of the late Middle Ages, it discuses the question of how many books and of what kind could still have been kept in the Rigault d'Oureille`s collection.
It’s a review on the new Russian translation of the important source concerning the 16th century history of France.
Keywords: historiography, the French wars of religion, Margaret of Navarre"