The ill effects of abiotic factors like excess or deficient water availability, increase in tempe... more The ill effects of abiotic factors like excess or deficient water availability, increase in temperature, climatic aberrations, soil salinity, sodicity, acidity, deficiency or toxicity of soil nutrients, pollution of water and soil are causing severe stress on the living organisms on the earth. Since long famers and soil scientists including plant breeders are aware that it is often the simultaneous occurrence of several abiotic stresses, rather than a particular stress condition, that is most lethal to crops. But co-occurrence of different stresses is rarely addressed. Information is available that the response of plants to a combination of two different abiotic stresses is unique and cannot be directly extrapolated from the response of plants to each of the different stresses. The sufferers from abiotic stress include agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries. Though the living species are looking for some mitigation strategies and trying to endure the stress, it is now a major c...
In the year post rainy season of 2015, various genotypes were grown in pots to note the morpholog... more In the year post rainy season of 2015, various genotypes were grown in pots to note the morphological, yield and yield parameters.
this bill, any recipient of government grants for the purpose of research and development, shall ... more this bill, any recipient of government grants for the purpose of research and development, shall seek patent protection of the intellectual property generated and commercialize the same within the stipulated time. This bill is being discussed by various intellectuals and agencies in India and abroad. I am not going to discuss about it in this paper but wish to discuss more about the access to the peer-reviewed publications arising from publicly funded research. Prof. Subbiah Arunachalam (1998), an open access advocate from India, said in a conference in Egypt that a researcher in the developing countries needs to achieve a lot more to win recognition than in the developed countries. This is true when we compare the working conditions and access to the latest technologies and methodologies in this unequal world! The international/foreign scholarly journals, which are vehicles of scholarly communications, are becoming too expensive to be subscribed by Indian academic institutions. As ...
The ICT led agricultural development has opened up an opportunity for accelerating knowledge diss... more The ICT led agricultural development has opened up an opportunity for accelerating knowledge dissemination. The Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) in Agriculture are the valuable research documents that are generated from the various experiments by the research scholars and scientists of the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) of the respective countries. As it is rightly said by the first Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru that, ‘anything can wait, but not agriculture’, the knowledge generated from the agricultural research should be openly available for the prosperous agricultural growth and public good. Owing to the importance of ETDs, there is a need to create more awareness among the researchers and the research managers in making ETDs publicly available. Therefore, we prepared this paper by undertaking a study on ETDs in Agriculture in India and Bangladesh. It was found that due to growing global awareness and interests about free and open access...
The National Agricultural Research System (NARS) of India comprises 97 institutes established by ... more The National Agricultural Research System (NARS) of India comprises 97 institutes established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and 58 Agricultural Universities established in various states by their respective state governments, or as agriculture faculties in central universities and as private institutions. While the ICAR institutes are involved in basic and strategic research except few deemed universities which are involved in education, the universities are involved in applied research and education. However, all the institutes and universities take up extension activities and training. Every year, substantial research output is produced from these institutes and universities and they share their research achievements with all of their stakeholders through technical bulletins, leaflets, newsletters, annual reports, books, research highlights, research achievements and research journals. The education and teaching materials are rarely shared with the world. M...
A year after the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) was released in 2002, the seeds of the Op... more A year after the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) was released in 2002, the seeds of the Open Access movement were sown in India. However, the momentum had not gained as it has should have been in the country and in the region, South Asia when compared to Europe and Latin America. In the recent past, with the initiatives of the individuals, communities of practice, institutes and the funding agencies (both private and public) there was an acceleration in the progress of Open Access. The countries, especially in South Asia <em>viz</em>., Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka etc., have now communities of practice advocating for Open Access to the public funded research. And this region now has policies and infrastructures in place for opening up access to the public funded research. For example, in India, the Department of Biotechnology and Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research has adopted policies for Open Access and had also made available suitable infrastructure. It is now mandatory for all the doctoral degree scholars to deposit their thesis as per the directive of the Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India. Efforts are also being made to deliver all the openly available resources through a single platform called National Digital Library of India. However, there is no mandatory national policy formulated by any of the countries in South Asia. While there is no problem in deposition of the whole or part of the thesis by the scholars in a publicly available repository, the deposition of journal articles along with or without data in public repositories has had some conflict. Still, researchers and the research managers of the institutes or universities are not clear about the legal issues of sharing the research outputs immediately. There is a very low filling of the repositories with full-texts in India even when there is a policy and infrastructure in place. The possi [...]
Sequential changes in leaf chlorophyll content and associated gas exchange parameters in isabgol ... more Sequential changes in leaf chlorophyll content and associated gas exchange parameters in isabgol (Plantago ovata) were recorded over a period of nine days starting from initial sporulation to severe chlorosis in a highly downy mildew susceptible cultivar (Niharika). The Downy mildew caused significant reduction in chlorophyll content. The loss of chlorophyll was more severe in case of chlorophyll ‘a’ compared to chlorophyll ‘b’. Net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in the diseased leaves also reduced compared to healthy ones. However, internal CO2 concentration (Ci) increased in diseased leaves. Difference between healthy and infected leaves in terms of stomatal conductance and Ci became significant at ninth day of study. In the complex situation of variable disease severity and leaf physiological stage, we found net photosynthetic rate was highly correlated (r = ~0.8) with the disease severity.
After the successful organisation of workshop and seminar on Open Access Indian Academy of Scienc... more After the successful organisation of workshop and seminar on Open Access Indian Academy of Sciences (IAS), Bangalore and Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi at Bangalore and Pune in 2002 and 2003 respectively, the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) had organised two workshops on Open Access at Chennai in 2004. In these workshops, researchers and policy makers from Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and others from various State Agricultural Universities in India have ...
A field experiment as conducted at college of agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, D... more A field experiment as conducted at college of agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during Kharif 1998 to find out the effect of growth regulators on physiological and biochemical parameters and reproductive efficiency in bell pepper CV tarihal local. The experiment consisted of fifteen treatments comprising of naphthalene acetic acid and mepiquat chloride at different concentrations and was laid out in randomised block with three replications.
A Survey of the ICAR and NARS Websites for Web Technologies was carried out in 2013 in the light ... more A Survey of the ICAR and NARS Websites for Web Technologies was carried out in 2013 in the light of ICAR guidelines for websites (2009) and would be carried out in 2017 in the light of government guidelines for websites.
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 – Zero Hunger, can only be achieved when food and nutrit... more The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 – Zero Hunger, can only be achieved when food and nutritional security is ensured. However, due to the changing climatic scenario, there is a need for the promotion of sustainable agriculture with the constant development of new crop varieties which are resilient to biotic and abiotic stresses. For this purpose, there is a need for community seed banks and field gene banks at local, regional, national and international levels having the seeds and plants with wider genetic diversity and with biotic and abiotic stress tolerant traits. The nature has in its bounty a vast variety of related wild species of the present cultivars. This diversity when developed, managed and promoted as genetic common resources and the access to these resources are granted at fair and equitable sharing basis, new varieties or genotypes can be developed for location specific needs and environments. The constituents of the India’s National Agricultural Research System ...
In a study conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Ind... more In a study conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India. Effect of foliar spray of naphthalene acetic acid [NAA](50, 100 and 150 ppm) and mepiquat chloride [MC](500, 1000 and 1500) at 45 and 65 days after transplanting (DAT) on yield, physiological and biochemical parameters of bell pepper (Capsium annuum, cv. Tarihal Local) was studied. All treatments significantly increased fruit yield, number of fruits, average fruit weight and number of seeds. Total chlorophyll, ...
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic required a rapid and effectiv... more Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic required a rapid and effective response. This included ethical and legally appropriate sharing of data. The European Commission (EC) called upon the Research Data Alliance (RDA) to recruit experts worldwide to quickly develop recommendations and guidelines for COVID-related data sharing. Purpose: The purpose of the present work was to explore how the RDA succeeded in engaging the participation of its community of scientists in a rapid response to the EC request. Methods: A survey questionnaire was developed and distributed among RDA COVID-19 work group members. A mixed-methods approach was used for analysis of the survey data. Results: The three constructs of radical collaboration (inclusiveness, distributed digital practices, productive and sustainable collaboration) were found to be well supported in both the quantitative and qualitative analyses of the survey data. Other social factors, such as motivation and gro...
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha or Indian ginseng) growth and development was studied during 2007... more Withania somnifera (ashwagandha or Indian ginseng) growth and development was studied during 2007 and 2008 at Anand in Gujarat of India
The ill effects of abiotic factors like excess or deficient water availability, increase in tempe... more The ill effects of abiotic factors like excess or deficient water availability, increase in temperature, climatic aberrations, soil salinity, sodicity, acidity, deficiency or toxicity of soil nutrients, pollution of water and soil are causing severe stress on the living organisms on the earth. Since long famers and soil scientists including plant breeders are aware that it is often the simultaneous occurrence of several abiotic stresses, rather than a particular stress condition, that is most lethal to crops. But co-occurrence of different stresses is rarely addressed. Information is available that the response of plants to a combination of two different abiotic stresses is unique and cannot be directly extrapolated from the response of plants to each of the different stresses. The sufferers from abiotic stress include agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries. Though the living species are looking for some mitigation strategies and trying to endure the stress, it is now a major c...
In the year post rainy season of 2015, various genotypes were grown in pots to note the morpholog... more In the year post rainy season of 2015, various genotypes were grown in pots to note the morphological, yield and yield parameters.
this bill, any recipient of government grants for the purpose of research and development, shall ... more this bill, any recipient of government grants for the purpose of research and development, shall seek patent protection of the intellectual property generated and commercialize the same within the stipulated time. This bill is being discussed by various intellectuals and agencies in India and abroad. I am not going to discuss about it in this paper but wish to discuss more about the access to the peer-reviewed publications arising from publicly funded research. Prof. Subbiah Arunachalam (1998), an open access advocate from India, said in a conference in Egypt that a researcher in the developing countries needs to achieve a lot more to win recognition than in the developed countries. This is true when we compare the working conditions and access to the latest technologies and methodologies in this unequal world! The international/foreign scholarly journals, which are vehicles of scholarly communications, are becoming too expensive to be subscribed by Indian academic institutions. As ...
The ICT led agricultural development has opened up an opportunity for accelerating knowledge diss... more The ICT led agricultural development has opened up an opportunity for accelerating knowledge dissemination. The Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) in Agriculture are the valuable research documents that are generated from the various experiments by the research scholars and scientists of the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) of the respective countries. As it is rightly said by the first Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru that, ‘anything can wait, but not agriculture’, the knowledge generated from the agricultural research should be openly available for the prosperous agricultural growth and public good. Owing to the importance of ETDs, there is a need to create more awareness among the researchers and the research managers in making ETDs publicly available. Therefore, we prepared this paper by undertaking a study on ETDs in Agriculture in India and Bangladesh. It was found that due to growing global awareness and interests about free and open access...
The National Agricultural Research System (NARS) of India comprises 97 institutes established by ... more The National Agricultural Research System (NARS) of India comprises 97 institutes established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and 58 Agricultural Universities established in various states by their respective state governments, or as agriculture faculties in central universities and as private institutions. While the ICAR institutes are involved in basic and strategic research except few deemed universities which are involved in education, the universities are involved in applied research and education. However, all the institutes and universities take up extension activities and training. Every year, substantial research output is produced from these institutes and universities and they share their research achievements with all of their stakeholders through technical bulletins, leaflets, newsletters, annual reports, books, research highlights, research achievements and research journals. The education and teaching materials are rarely shared with the world. M...
A year after the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) was released in 2002, the seeds of the Op... more A year after the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) was released in 2002, the seeds of the Open Access movement were sown in India. However, the momentum had not gained as it has should have been in the country and in the region, South Asia when compared to Europe and Latin America. In the recent past, with the initiatives of the individuals, communities of practice, institutes and the funding agencies (both private and public) there was an acceleration in the progress of Open Access. The countries, especially in South Asia <em>viz</em>., Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka etc., have now communities of practice advocating for Open Access to the public funded research. And this region now has policies and infrastructures in place for opening up access to the public funded research. For example, in India, the Department of Biotechnology and Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research has adopted policies for Open Access and had also made available suitable infrastructure. It is now mandatory for all the doctoral degree scholars to deposit their thesis as per the directive of the Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India. Efforts are also being made to deliver all the openly available resources through a single platform called National Digital Library of India. However, there is no mandatory national policy formulated by any of the countries in South Asia. While there is no problem in deposition of the whole or part of the thesis by the scholars in a publicly available repository, the deposition of journal articles along with or without data in public repositories has had some conflict. Still, researchers and the research managers of the institutes or universities are not clear about the legal issues of sharing the research outputs immediately. There is a very low filling of the repositories with full-texts in India even when there is a policy and infrastructure in place. The possi [...]
Sequential changes in leaf chlorophyll content and associated gas exchange parameters in isabgol ... more Sequential changes in leaf chlorophyll content and associated gas exchange parameters in isabgol (Plantago ovata) were recorded over a period of nine days starting from initial sporulation to severe chlorosis in a highly downy mildew susceptible cultivar (Niharika). The Downy mildew caused significant reduction in chlorophyll content. The loss of chlorophyll was more severe in case of chlorophyll ‘a’ compared to chlorophyll ‘b’. Net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in the diseased leaves also reduced compared to healthy ones. However, internal CO2 concentration (Ci) increased in diseased leaves. Difference between healthy and infected leaves in terms of stomatal conductance and Ci became significant at ninth day of study. In the complex situation of variable disease severity and leaf physiological stage, we found net photosynthetic rate was highly correlated (r = ~0.8) with the disease severity.
After the successful organisation of workshop and seminar on Open Access Indian Academy of Scienc... more After the successful organisation of workshop and seminar on Open Access Indian Academy of Sciences (IAS), Bangalore and Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi at Bangalore and Pune in 2002 and 2003 respectively, the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) had organised two workshops on Open Access at Chennai in 2004. In these workshops, researchers and policy makers from Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and others from various State Agricultural Universities in India have ...
A field experiment as conducted at college of agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, D... more A field experiment as conducted at college of agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during Kharif 1998 to find out the effect of growth regulators on physiological and biochemical parameters and reproductive efficiency in bell pepper CV tarihal local. The experiment consisted of fifteen treatments comprising of naphthalene acetic acid and mepiquat chloride at different concentrations and was laid out in randomised block with three replications.
A Survey of the ICAR and NARS Websites for Web Technologies was carried out in 2013 in the light ... more A Survey of the ICAR and NARS Websites for Web Technologies was carried out in 2013 in the light of ICAR guidelines for websites (2009) and would be carried out in 2017 in the light of government guidelines for websites.
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 – Zero Hunger, can only be achieved when food and nutrit... more The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 – Zero Hunger, can only be achieved when food and nutritional security is ensured. However, due to the changing climatic scenario, there is a need for the promotion of sustainable agriculture with the constant development of new crop varieties which are resilient to biotic and abiotic stresses. For this purpose, there is a need for community seed banks and field gene banks at local, regional, national and international levels having the seeds and plants with wider genetic diversity and with biotic and abiotic stress tolerant traits. The nature has in its bounty a vast variety of related wild species of the present cultivars. This diversity when developed, managed and promoted as genetic common resources and the access to these resources are granted at fair and equitable sharing basis, new varieties or genotypes can be developed for location specific needs and environments. The constituents of the India’s National Agricultural Research System ...
In a study conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Ind... more In a study conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India. Effect of foliar spray of naphthalene acetic acid [NAA](50, 100 and 150 ppm) and mepiquat chloride [MC](500, 1000 and 1500) at 45 and 65 days after transplanting (DAT) on yield, physiological and biochemical parameters of bell pepper (Capsium annuum, cv. Tarihal Local) was studied. All treatments significantly increased fruit yield, number of fruits, average fruit weight and number of seeds. Total chlorophyll, ...
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic required a rapid and effectiv... more Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic required a rapid and effective response. This included ethical and legally appropriate sharing of data. The European Commission (EC) called upon the Research Data Alliance (RDA) to recruit experts worldwide to quickly develop recommendations and guidelines for COVID-related data sharing. Purpose: The purpose of the present work was to explore how the RDA succeeded in engaging the participation of its community of scientists in a rapid response to the EC request. Methods: A survey questionnaire was developed and distributed among RDA COVID-19 work group members. A mixed-methods approach was used for analysis of the survey data. Results: The three constructs of radical collaboration (inclusiveness, distributed digital practices, productive and sustainable collaboration) were found to be well supported in both the quantitative and qualitative analyses of the survey data. Other social factors, such as motivation and gro...
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha or Indian ginseng) growth and development was studied during 2007... more Withania somnifera (ashwagandha or Indian ginseng) growth and development was studied during 2007 and 2008 at Anand in Gujarat of India
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