Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan, 2018
This paper discusses Khalid Hosseini‘s novel A Thousand Splendid Suns and Qaisra Shahraz‘s novel... more This paper discusses Khalid Hosseini‘s novel A Thousand Splendid Suns and Qaisra Shahraz‘s novel Typhoon as social commentaries on the socio-cultural oppressive structures both established and perpetuated by patriarchy, and by patriarchal interpretations of religion to subordinate and victimise women in Pakistani and Afghani societies. The paper also examines these texts as narratives of confession, unfolding crimes and injustices as committed in the name of religion and culture against weak and vulnerable members of the society. Both of these narratives, as forms of confession, voice through, not only their female characters but also men, that ‗the sacred‘ is an effective patriarchal apparatus centred on justifying male control and dominance while denying basic human rights to women, thus relegating them to a secondary position. Through a critical examination of centuries-old socio-cultural norms, which have achieved the status of ‗sacred‘ in such societies, these texts reveal var...
... from serious health hazards especially diseases related to eyes, respiratory system, heart, s... more ... from serious health hazards especially diseases related to eyes, respiratory system, heart, skin, and brain (Ali 2006). We do not find ... happy, socially active, politically aware, economically productive and culturally responsible (Honari, 1999:19). Daru has been portrayed as ...
This article analyses how the post-9/11 fictional narratives of two Pakistani writers critique th... more This article analyses how the post-9/11 fictional narratives of two Pakistani writers critique the racialisation of Islam in discourses of American homeland security, patriotism and national belonging after 9/11, which construct Muslims as terrorists and outsiders and disqualify them from US citizenship and belonging. More specifically, in light of many studies showing how Muslim youths increasingly adopt nationalist and religious identities after experiences of harassment following 9/11 and Islamophobia, the article assesses the identity crisis of Pakistani Muslim immigrant youth as depicted in The Reluctant Fundamentalist (Hamid, 2007) and Homeboy (Naqvi, 2010). We explore how these two authors show that these reactive identities are ideological constructs arising from highly diversified negotiations of the complex configuration of sociocultural and political factors in the post-9/11 world.
Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it ... more Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it from its mundane context and then puts it in another totally different context and thus re-contextualizes the reality. And this de-familiarization enables us once again to see the world in its true sense. Thus it makes it also possible to come up with the realities of the text than just one reality. Besides the questions of narrative styles recurrent in Magical Realist texts, such as distortion of linear order of events, uncertainty, decadence and multiple possibilities, there are also more specific themes in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's text, most of which are critical of established worldviews and stereotypical modes of representation. The current study focused on the literature available on the debate of feminist identity. The study discussed the view and ideas of different researchers, authors, and writers.
The culture of Pakistan which is deeply entrenched in patriarchy has given rise to constructs of ... more The culture of Pakistan which is deeply entrenched in patriarchy has given rise to constructs of ideal feminity as devotion, endurance, loyalty and self-sacrifice. Literature is considered to be one of the most important means of perpetuating such images which seek to marginalize women and ensure male domination. The study of Pakistani fiction provides a fertile ground for a feminist critic seeking to unearth the political dimensions of characterization and to undermine patriarchal marginalization of women. An investigation of the ideological dynamics of portrayal of women in literature was the primary concern of the " Images of women " school of criticism. This trend particularly dominated feminist criticism in the 1970s and still remains a dominant focus of Women Studies in literature. In this research " Images of women " critical approach was used to analyse and evaluate how Kamila Shamsie, an emerging Pakistani female writer has depicted female characters in the novels Salt and Saffron and Broken Verses. The critical analysis of Shamsie's selected fiction in the light of Images of women criticism revealed the novelist's keen observation and realistic presentation of Pakistan's predominantly patriarchal culture, where women are still in the process of transition to break free from the moulds of ideal feminity. Shamsie champions women's autonomy by portraying socially rebellious, strong-willed and courageous women as her central characters and deconstructs the ancient stereotypes of Pakistani women.
The poststructuralist philosophy of Deconstruction proposed by Derrida gives rise to a poetics of... more The poststructuralist philosophy of Deconstruction proposed by Derrida gives rise to a poetics of disruption and transgression through a dismantling of the traditional bases of Western epistemology, i.e., the idea of logocentrism, presence, transcendental signifiers and dyadic pairs which support the notion of fixed meanings and give rise to distinct and isolated categories. The current study argues that the erosion of absolute centres and distinct identities resulting from deconstructive relativism has led to the collapse of the binary opposition between the real and the magical in contemporary fantasy literature. Selected works of postmodern fantasy literature are analysed to assess how in keeping with the principles of différance, supplement and trace these works represent a decentred universe in which the categories of magic and the real are fluid and subject to constant slippage. Consequently the real world moves parallel to and not distinct from the world of magic and there is a constant overlapping of categories of real and magical. The present study argues that this dissolution of the boundaries between real and magical enables these postmodern texts to interrogate, subvert and dismantle logocentric thought manifested in ethnocentrism and racism and support a liberatory politics in which the voice of the marginalized alterity is recovered. For this purpose the current study is delimited to an analysis of J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone and J.R.R. Tolkein’s Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.
Key Words: poetics of disruption, deconstruction, liberatory politics, marginalization, alterity
The German philosopher Nietzsche demystified the traditional concept of morality as a transcenden... more The German philosopher Nietzsche demystified the traditional concept of morality as a transcendental category based on essential truths. Instead Nietzsche’s genealogical investigation of the origins of morality in Western epistemology revealed it to be an ideological construct closely connected with the hegemonic aims of certain classes and cultures. Nietzsche is deeply critical of this traditional ideological moral discourse for its emasculating and enslaving effect on the populace and for fostering attitudes of mental enslavement. This ideological discourse of morality has not only permeated political and philosophical thought, but has also coloured literary imagination. The current study will analyse selected fictional works by Pakistani fiction writers Kamila Shamsie and Mohsin Hamid to explore the ideologies that govern the definition and interpretation of anger in the Pakistani culture depicted in these texts. Key Words: slave morality, politics of ressentiment, master morality, Pakistani Fiction in English, anger and revolt
The Freirean notion of inculcation of critical consciousness in masses for the transformation of ... more The Freirean notion of inculcation of critical consciousness in masses for the transformation of social structures became a guiding principle for the women's movement to raise the consciousness of women in the 1960s. Fiction by South Asian women writers not only provides a detailed insight into women's dilemmas regarding their situation but also highlights their efforts to break free from the dominating and constricting cultural patterns inhibiting their development as self-conscious independent beings. This paper attempts to analyze the fiction of South Asian women writers in English in order to investigate how their fiction contributes in consciousness-raising of women in predominantly patriarchal South Asian cultures. The paper discusses how by portraying the lives of women in South Asian society, these authors have attempted to dismantle the culture of silence, challenged oppressive traditions, and thereby helped women to reflect on their subjectified identities and marginalized positioning in their society. Thus, women's fiction from this region contributes significantly in furthering the feminist agenda of consciousness-raising of women by voicing their concerns for the establishment of a more equitable society. The present paper seeks to analyze South Asian fiction in English by women writers in order to investigate how by representing women, their identity, role and position in South Asian societies, these fictional works have contributed in developing criticality and reflection in their readers regarding women's issues. The paper discusses the portrayal of women and their lives by focusing on questions such as what kind of female characters
Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it ... more Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it from its mundane context and then puts it in another totally different context and thus re-contextualizes the reality. And this de-familiarization enables us once again to see the world in its true sense. Thus it makes it also possible to come up with the realities of the text than just one reality. Besides the questions of narrative styles recurrent in Magical Realist texts, such as distortion of linear order of events, uncertainty, decadence and multiple possibilities, there are also more specific themes in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's text, most of which are critical of established worldviews and stereotypical modes of representation. The current study focused on the literature available on the debate of feminist identity. The study discussed the view and ideas of different researchers, authors, and writers.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE HUMANITIES , 2013
"Abstract: Postmodern incredulity towards metanarratives, subversion of transcendental signifiers... more "Abstract: Postmodern incredulity towards metanarratives, subversion of transcendental signifiers and emphasis on relativism and free play of meanings has given rise to new modes of knowing and consequently new constructs of ethics, knowledge and truth. Postmodernism involves the deconstruction of essential binaries of Western thought and culture which undermines fixed epistemic categories and perspectives and entails looking at things from multiple perspectives. Particularly postmodern epistemological inquiry focuses on the margins rather than the centre. The current study aims to highlight how this postmodern epistemological skepticism can be discerned from incredulity towards essential objective categories of truth and falsehood as manifested in the changing constructions of villainy and heroism in postmodern literary discourse. For this purpose this research will be delimited to an analysis of the contemporary postmodern vampire narrative Twilight to highlight the mutation in the figure of the vampire from a blood sucking villain to a romanticized and humanized hero. The current study will argue that this revaluation and inversion of categories of morality and immorality, good and evil, truth and falsehood in the postmodern literary imagination can be viewed as a crystallization of the radical critiques of the truth-claims of Western moral discourses by Nietzsche and Foucault. The placement of villains as the heroes of popular postmodern fictions will thus be seen as giving rise to new paradigms of morality and truth which privilege those elements which were traditionally marginalized in Western moral discourses. The trajectory of development of Western moral conceptions from modernism to postmodernism will be analysed through a comparison between Meyer’ s protagonist and the character of Count Dracula created by Bram Stoker in 1897.
Keywords: Postmodernism, Epistemological Relativism, Reconstruction of Ethics, Nietzsche, Foucault, Contemporary Popular Vampire Narratives
"
Abstract: The twenty first century is regarded as the age of globalization, telecommunication and... more Abstract: The twenty first century is regarded as the age of globalization, telecommunication and digital technology. The rapidly changing present world demands people to be multi-tasked and equipped with the skills of collaboration and flexibility. Problem solving, goal setting, and creative thinking are considered specific skills required for the twenty first century workforce. Modern research in educational psychology has proved that it is possible to improve human cognition, that is, capacity to think creatively about challenges and opportunities, and to be able to generate creative solutions and transform solutions and transform solutions into action. This research attempts to develop a methodology for teaching literature which blends thinking skills with literary contents and uses literature as a tool to develop students’ cognitive abilities and improve their critical and creative thinking skills. The design of the study is experimental and it attempts to explore whether the application of creative thinking tools and techniques in a literature classroom can nurture students’ creative thinking or creative problem solving abilities and other higher-order thinking skills and thus enable them to have necessary skills to manage the problems and issues of the twenty first century. For the purpose of the experiment a cognitive teaching model is developed which is based on the research in cognitive learning and thinking skills. The sample of the study is 138 students of M.A. English at International Islamic University, Islamabad studying Romantic Poetry and Fiction II (Modern Fiction).
Keywords: Thinking Skills, Critical and Creative Thinking, Cognitive Abilities, Literature
The vast majority of existing ecocritical studies, even those which espouse the " postcolonial ec... more The vast majority of existing ecocritical studies, even those which espouse the " postcolonial ecocritical " perspective, operate within a first-world sensibility, speaking on behalf of subalternized human communities and degraded landscapes without actually eliciting the voices of the impacted communities. Ecocriticism of the Global South seeks to allow scholars from (or intimately familiar with) underrepresented regions to " write back " to the world's centers of political and military and economic power, expressing views of the intersections of nature and culture from the perspective of developing countries. This approach highlights what activist and writer Vandana Shiva has described as the relationship between " ecology and the politics of survival, " showing both commonalities and local idiosyncrasies by juxtaposing such countries as China and Northern Ireland, New Zealand and Cameroon. Much like Ecoambiguity, Community, and Development, this new book is devoted to representing diverse and innovative ecocritical voices from throughout the world, particularly from developing nations. The two volumes complement each other by pointing out the need for further cultivation of the environmental humanities in regions of the world that are, essentially, the front line of the human struggle to invent sustainable and just civilizations on an imperiled planet.
Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan, 2018
This paper discusses Khalid Hosseini‘s novel A Thousand Splendid Suns and Qaisra Shahraz‘s novel... more This paper discusses Khalid Hosseini‘s novel A Thousand Splendid Suns and Qaisra Shahraz‘s novel Typhoon as social commentaries on the socio-cultural oppressive structures both established and perpetuated by patriarchy, and by patriarchal interpretations of religion to subordinate and victimise women in Pakistani and Afghani societies. The paper also examines these texts as narratives of confession, unfolding crimes and injustices as committed in the name of religion and culture against weak and vulnerable members of the society. Both of these narratives, as forms of confession, voice through, not only their female characters but also men, that ‗the sacred‘ is an effective patriarchal apparatus centred on justifying male control and dominance while denying basic human rights to women, thus relegating them to a secondary position. Through a critical examination of centuries-old socio-cultural norms, which have achieved the status of ‗sacred‘ in such societies, these texts reveal var...
... from serious health hazards especially diseases related to eyes, respiratory system, heart, s... more ... from serious health hazards especially diseases related to eyes, respiratory system, heart, skin, and brain (Ali 2006). We do not find ... happy, socially active, politically aware, economically productive and culturally responsible (Honari, 1999:19). Daru has been portrayed as ...
This article analyses how the post-9/11 fictional narratives of two Pakistani writers critique th... more This article analyses how the post-9/11 fictional narratives of two Pakistani writers critique the racialisation of Islam in discourses of American homeland security, patriotism and national belonging after 9/11, which construct Muslims as terrorists and outsiders and disqualify them from US citizenship and belonging. More specifically, in light of many studies showing how Muslim youths increasingly adopt nationalist and religious identities after experiences of harassment following 9/11 and Islamophobia, the article assesses the identity crisis of Pakistani Muslim immigrant youth as depicted in The Reluctant Fundamentalist (Hamid, 2007) and Homeboy (Naqvi, 2010). We explore how these two authors show that these reactive identities are ideological constructs arising from highly diversified negotiations of the complex configuration of sociocultural and political factors in the post-9/11 world.
Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it ... more Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it from its mundane context and then puts it in another totally different context and thus re-contextualizes the reality. And this de-familiarization enables us once again to see the world in its true sense. Thus it makes it also possible to come up with the realities of the text than just one reality. Besides the questions of narrative styles recurrent in Magical Realist texts, such as distortion of linear order of events, uncertainty, decadence and multiple possibilities, there are also more specific themes in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's text, most of which are critical of established worldviews and stereotypical modes of representation. The current study focused on the literature available on the debate of feminist identity. The study discussed the view and ideas of different researchers, authors, and writers.
The culture of Pakistan which is deeply entrenched in patriarchy has given rise to constructs of ... more The culture of Pakistan which is deeply entrenched in patriarchy has given rise to constructs of ideal feminity as devotion, endurance, loyalty and self-sacrifice. Literature is considered to be one of the most important means of perpetuating such images which seek to marginalize women and ensure male domination. The study of Pakistani fiction provides a fertile ground for a feminist critic seeking to unearth the political dimensions of characterization and to undermine patriarchal marginalization of women. An investigation of the ideological dynamics of portrayal of women in literature was the primary concern of the " Images of women " school of criticism. This trend particularly dominated feminist criticism in the 1970s and still remains a dominant focus of Women Studies in literature. In this research " Images of women " critical approach was used to analyse and evaluate how Kamila Shamsie, an emerging Pakistani female writer has depicted female characters in the novels Salt and Saffron and Broken Verses. The critical analysis of Shamsie's selected fiction in the light of Images of women criticism revealed the novelist's keen observation and realistic presentation of Pakistan's predominantly patriarchal culture, where women are still in the process of transition to break free from the moulds of ideal feminity. Shamsie champions women's autonomy by portraying socially rebellious, strong-willed and courageous women as her central characters and deconstructs the ancient stereotypes of Pakistani women.
The poststructuralist philosophy of Deconstruction proposed by Derrida gives rise to a poetics of... more The poststructuralist philosophy of Deconstruction proposed by Derrida gives rise to a poetics of disruption and transgression through a dismantling of the traditional bases of Western epistemology, i.e., the idea of logocentrism, presence, transcendental signifiers and dyadic pairs which support the notion of fixed meanings and give rise to distinct and isolated categories. The current study argues that the erosion of absolute centres and distinct identities resulting from deconstructive relativism has led to the collapse of the binary opposition between the real and the magical in contemporary fantasy literature. Selected works of postmodern fantasy literature are analysed to assess how in keeping with the principles of différance, supplement and trace these works represent a decentred universe in which the categories of magic and the real are fluid and subject to constant slippage. Consequently the real world moves parallel to and not distinct from the world of magic and there is a constant overlapping of categories of real and magical. The present study argues that this dissolution of the boundaries between real and magical enables these postmodern texts to interrogate, subvert and dismantle logocentric thought manifested in ethnocentrism and racism and support a liberatory politics in which the voice of the marginalized alterity is recovered. For this purpose the current study is delimited to an analysis of J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone and J.R.R. Tolkein’s Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.
Key Words: poetics of disruption, deconstruction, liberatory politics, marginalization, alterity
The German philosopher Nietzsche demystified the traditional concept of morality as a transcenden... more The German philosopher Nietzsche demystified the traditional concept of morality as a transcendental category based on essential truths. Instead Nietzsche’s genealogical investigation of the origins of morality in Western epistemology revealed it to be an ideological construct closely connected with the hegemonic aims of certain classes and cultures. Nietzsche is deeply critical of this traditional ideological moral discourse for its emasculating and enslaving effect on the populace and for fostering attitudes of mental enslavement. This ideological discourse of morality has not only permeated political and philosophical thought, but has also coloured literary imagination. The current study will analyse selected fictional works by Pakistani fiction writers Kamila Shamsie and Mohsin Hamid to explore the ideologies that govern the definition and interpretation of anger in the Pakistani culture depicted in these texts. Key Words: slave morality, politics of ressentiment, master morality, Pakistani Fiction in English, anger and revolt
The Freirean notion of inculcation of critical consciousness in masses for the transformation of ... more The Freirean notion of inculcation of critical consciousness in masses for the transformation of social structures became a guiding principle for the women's movement to raise the consciousness of women in the 1960s. Fiction by South Asian women writers not only provides a detailed insight into women's dilemmas regarding their situation but also highlights their efforts to break free from the dominating and constricting cultural patterns inhibiting their development as self-conscious independent beings. This paper attempts to analyze the fiction of South Asian women writers in English in order to investigate how their fiction contributes in consciousness-raising of women in predominantly patriarchal South Asian cultures. The paper discusses how by portraying the lives of women in South Asian society, these authors have attempted to dismantle the culture of silence, challenged oppressive traditions, and thereby helped women to reflect on their subjectified identities and marginalized positioning in their society. Thus, women's fiction from this region contributes significantly in furthering the feminist agenda of consciousness-raising of women by voicing their concerns for the establishment of a more equitable society. The present paper seeks to analyze South Asian fiction in English by women writers in order to investigate how by representing women, their identity, role and position in South Asian societies, these fictional works have contributed in developing criticality and reflection in their readers regarding women's issues. The paper discusses the portrayal of women and their lives by focusing on questions such as what kind of female characters
Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it ... more Magical realism similarly aims to improve upon our understanding of the reality by separating it from its mundane context and then puts it in another totally different context and thus re-contextualizes the reality. And this de-familiarization enables us once again to see the world in its true sense. Thus it makes it also possible to come up with the realities of the text than just one reality. Besides the questions of narrative styles recurrent in Magical Realist texts, such as distortion of linear order of events, uncertainty, decadence and multiple possibilities, there are also more specific themes in Gabriel Garcia Marquez's text, most of which are critical of established worldviews and stereotypical modes of representation. The current study focused on the literature available on the debate of feminist identity. The study discussed the view and ideas of different researchers, authors, and writers.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE HUMANITIES , 2013
"Abstract: Postmodern incredulity towards metanarratives, subversion of transcendental signifiers... more "Abstract: Postmodern incredulity towards metanarratives, subversion of transcendental signifiers and emphasis on relativism and free play of meanings has given rise to new modes of knowing and consequently new constructs of ethics, knowledge and truth. Postmodernism involves the deconstruction of essential binaries of Western thought and culture which undermines fixed epistemic categories and perspectives and entails looking at things from multiple perspectives. Particularly postmodern epistemological inquiry focuses on the margins rather than the centre. The current study aims to highlight how this postmodern epistemological skepticism can be discerned from incredulity towards essential objective categories of truth and falsehood as manifested in the changing constructions of villainy and heroism in postmodern literary discourse. For this purpose this research will be delimited to an analysis of the contemporary postmodern vampire narrative Twilight to highlight the mutation in the figure of the vampire from a blood sucking villain to a romanticized and humanized hero. The current study will argue that this revaluation and inversion of categories of morality and immorality, good and evil, truth and falsehood in the postmodern literary imagination can be viewed as a crystallization of the radical critiques of the truth-claims of Western moral discourses by Nietzsche and Foucault. The placement of villains as the heroes of popular postmodern fictions will thus be seen as giving rise to new paradigms of morality and truth which privilege those elements which were traditionally marginalized in Western moral discourses. The trajectory of development of Western moral conceptions from modernism to postmodernism will be analysed through a comparison between Meyer’ s protagonist and the character of Count Dracula created by Bram Stoker in 1897.
Keywords: Postmodernism, Epistemological Relativism, Reconstruction of Ethics, Nietzsche, Foucault, Contemporary Popular Vampire Narratives
"
Abstract: The twenty first century is regarded as the age of globalization, telecommunication and... more Abstract: The twenty first century is regarded as the age of globalization, telecommunication and digital technology. The rapidly changing present world demands people to be multi-tasked and equipped with the skills of collaboration and flexibility. Problem solving, goal setting, and creative thinking are considered specific skills required for the twenty first century workforce. Modern research in educational psychology has proved that it is possible to improve human cognition, that is, capacity to think creatively about challenges and opportunities, and to be able to generate creative solutions and transform solutions and transform solutions into action. This research attempts to develop a methodology for teaching literature which blends thinking skills with literary contents and uses literature as a tool to develop students’ cognitive abilities and improve their critical and creative thinking skills. The design of the study is experimental and it attempts to explore whether the application of creative thinking tools and techniques in a literature classroom can nurture students’ creative thinking or creative problem solving abilities and other higher-order thinking skills and thus enable them to have necessary skills to manage the problems and issues of the twenty first century. For the purpose of the experiment a cognitive teaching model is developed which is based on the research in cognitive learning and thinking skills. The sample of the study is 138 students of M.A. English at International Islamic University, Islamabad studying Romantic Poetry and Fiction II (Modern Fiction).
Keywords: Thinking Skills, Critical and Creative Thinking, Cognitive Abilities, Literature
The vast majority of existing ecocritical studies, even those which espouse the " postcolonial ec... more The vast majority of existing ecocritical studies, even those which espouse the " postcolonial ecocritical " perspective, operate within a first-world sensibility, speaking on behalf of subalternized human communities and degraded landscapes without actually eliciting the voices of the impacted communities. Ecocriticism of the Global South seeks to allow scholars from (or intimately familiar with) underrepresented regions to " write back " to the world's centers of political and military and economic power, expressing views of the intersections of nature and culture from the perspective of developing countries. This approach highlights what activist and writer Vandana Shiva has described as the relationship between " ecology and the politics of survival, " showing both commonalities and local idiosyncrasies by juxtaposing such countries as China and Northern Ireland, New Zealand and Cameroon. Much like Ecoambiguity, Community, and Development, this new book is devoted to representing diverse and innovative ecocritical voices from throughout the world, particularly from developing nations. The two volumes complement each other by pointing out the need for further cultivation of the environmental humanities in regions of the world that are, essentially, the front line of the human struggle to invent sustainable and just civilizations on an imperiled planet.
Uploads
Papers by Munazza Yaqoob
http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/90355221/changing-images-pakistani-women-kamila-shamsies-salt-saffron-broken-verses
Key Words: poetics of disruption, deconstruction, liberatory politics, marginalization, alterity
Key Words: slave morality, politics of ressentiment, master morality, Pakistani Fiction in English, anger and revolt
Keywords: Postmodernism, Epistemological Relativism, Reconstruction of Ethics, Nietzsche, Foucault, Contemporary Popular Vampire Narratives
"
Keywords: Thinking Skills, Critical and Creative Thinking, Cognitive Abilities, Literature
Books by Munazza Yaqoob
http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/90355221/changing-images-pakistani-women-kamila-shamsies-salt-saffron-broken-verses
Key Words: poetics of disruption, deconstruction, liberatory politics, marginalization, alterity
Key Words: slave morality, politics of ressentiment, master morality, Pakistani Fiction in English, anger and revolt
Keywords: Postmodernism, Epistemological Relativism, Reconstruction of Ethics, Nietzsche, Foucault, Contemporary Popular Vampire Narratives
"
Keywords: Thinking Skills, Critical and Creative Thinking, Cognitive Abilities, Literature