Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, Dec 30, 2018
Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with rega... more Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with regard to its rulings, application and above all necessity of modification. The Muslim Ummah has witnessed widespread misconceptions about some rulings and application of zakāt mainly due to usage of weak and unreliable aḥādīth. It must be noted that zakāt rulings are fixed by Sharīʽah and cannot be altered or modified due to the change of time and circumstance. Therefore, any discussion, argument, suggestion and criticism can only be based on authentic sources of Sharīʽah. It is imperative that the person attempting to face the challenges or to resolve controversies on zakāt has to be well versed in the major Sciences of Sharīʽah. These sciences are Qur’ān, Ḥadīth, Islamic Jurisprudence, Arabic language as well as their principles or sciences. The paper focuses on the following aspects: the critical areas of Ijtihād on controversial issues and how they could be resolved by using the method of combining the nusus to produce a reasonable conclusion. The paper has adopted descriptive, deductive and historical methods of analysis.
Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, Dec 30, 2018
For the past few years there has been a significant increase of people’s interest in crypto-curre... more For the past few years there has been a significant increase of people’s interest in crypto-currencies. Seminars and conferences have been organized to discuss the nature and feasibility of cryptocurrencies. Some argue that it is good to have an alternative to the current fiat money system in which the predominant role is played by banks, while a cryptocurrency does not require any bank account, tax payment and auditing. Some others disagree with these arguments and claim that any mode of payment in other than traditionally known instruments such as cash payment, telegraphic-transfers, cheques and so, will open the door to avoid tax and audits, which in turn may seriously effect a government’s budget and may even decrease GDP. This research uses theoretical, descriptive and analytical methods of research and therefore focuses on the following important points: a) defining the place of cryptocurrency in the financial system by determining the extent of its influence; b) reviewing the literature on the topic, which will allow us to determine the current understanding of the problem by modern science; c) unveiling the key requirements of Shari’ah for money and money circulation to formulate a standard understanding of money in Shari’ah; d) comparing the characteristics of paper money and crypto-currencies (using the bitcoins as an example). The authors believe in permissibility of using the cryptocurrencies but with strict reservations
Starting from Hijra, mosque has played educational, edificatory social and political roles aimed ... more Starting from Hijra, mosque has played educational, edificatory social and political roles aimed at strengthening the brotherhood between Al-Muhajirin and Al-Ansar who jointly faced internal and external issues and challenges from opponents and neighboring states. The Prophet’s mosque brought the community under the umbrella of the following verse: “The mosques of Allah are only to be maintained by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day and establish prayer and give zakah and do not fear except Allah, for it is expected that those will be of the [rightly] guided” (9:18). Today, more than ever, the need for the revival of the real mosque’s role has become indispensable for the sake of unifying the worshipers and achieving reconciliation and peaceful coexistence between rival movements
Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic fina... more Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic financial instruments. This paper gives a positive response to this question, but with a wide range of refinements, significantly limiting the list of allowable operations with crypto currency.
Characters and competencies matter the most in leadership theories. Conventional institutions hav... more Characters and competencies matter the most in leadership theories. Conventional institutions have glittering records of training leaders and managers in developing the right competencies but they generally fail in characters building. In 2006, Harry Lewis, the former dean of Harvard College described Harvard as a “university without a soul ”. His analysis of the problems at Harvard was applauded but his proposed solutions seemed vague and unsatisfactory. As Muslims, we sympathise with professor’s Lewis analysis. His observations are important because it indicates that the problems are systemic. They are caused by the system, not by a few bad apples. However, we believe that the solution is simpler. Leaders who believe in God are more likely to act in accordance with God’s injunctions. Muslims believe that such leaders would naturally develop a strong moral character. This moral character will be tested in the rough and tumble of organizational life. Leaders will either make compromises or they will rise to the occasion. In this book, we hope to show that leaders don’t have to compromise on their principles to be successful. Much commendable progress over the last few years was achieved. There has been a huge effort around the world in researching the role of spirituality at work. There is a general agreement that spiritual leaders are more moral and more ethical. We hope to demonstrate that they can still be effective. Within this broad framework, we decided to focus on the universal lessons found in the Qur’an, the scripture of the Muslims as final revelation. To do justice to the Qur’an, we had to first understand the current issues surrounding conventional leadership. This proved much more difficult than we anticipated and it took us nine chapters to discuss the pertinent issues. This constitutes the first part (Part-1) of the book. At the end of these nine chapters, we feel that readers should; 1. Understand the limitations of conventional theories of leadership; and 2. Appreciate that the Qur’an addresses these issues comprehensively. We then try to understand the Prophetic Leadership Model used by the last Prophet (saw) and his Four Successors(r.a.). We try to demonstrate that Islamic leadership is possible today. This has been put in Part-2. This part therefore provides us critical context to understand how the message of the Qur’an should be understood. We cover this in chapters ten, eleven and twelve. Lastly, from chapter thirteen to sixteen, we look at the Qur’anic perspective on the individual responsibilities and on the collective responsibilities of leaders. This is about followership characteristics in general and constitutes the Part-3 of the book. Thus throughout this book, we take a human resource development (HRD) or rightly called Talents Development view on this subject. We believe that there is no point in developing a model if people today cannot be trained to use that model. We therefore report on our experiences in training managers and leaders on how to implement this model, covers the rest part of the book.
This edited book covers over one hundred years of history of Islam as an extensive social and int... more This edited book covers over one hundred years of history of Islam as an extensive social and intellectual phenomenon in the regions of the former Russian Empire
Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic fina... more Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic financial instruments. This paper gives a positive response to this question, but with a wide range of refinements, significantly limiting the list of allowable operations with crypto currency.
Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2016
Throughout the centuries the Muslim ummah, and their scholars in particular, have faced questions... more Throughout the centuries the Muslim ummah, and their scholars in particular, have faced questions and challenges about zakāt. However, there is a vast difference between raising questions for the sake of seeking knowledge and making allegations based on mere assumption rather than on ijtihād. Zakāt is the third pillar of Islam and it should therefore be realized that all the rulings and norms related to zakāt are fixed by sharīʿah texts which cannot be changed because of the mutability of time and space. To some people certain aspects of zakāt seem irrelevant to our contemporary time and therefore they suggest revising the whole concept of zakāt and applying it according to our modern era. However, anyone who ventures to challenge the established norms of zakāt must at least be well versed in the major sources of sharīʿah such as the Qur’ān, sunnah, ijmāʿ, qiyās as well as in Islamic jurisprudence and the Arabic language. Otherwise what they pose are baseless claims rather than inte...
Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2018
Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with rega... more Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with regard to its rulings, application and above all necessity of modification. The Muslim Ummah has witnessed widespread misconceptions about some rulings and application of zakāt mainly due to usage of weak and unreliable aḥādīth. It must be noted that zakāt rulings are fixed by Sharīʽah and cannot be altered or modified due to the change of time and circumstance. Therefore, any discussion, argument, suggestion and criticism can only be based on authentic sources of Sharīʽah. It is imperative that the person attempting to face the challenges or to resolve controversies on zakāt has to be well versed in the major Sciences of Sharīʽah. These sciences are Qur’ān, Ḥadīth, Islamic Jurisprudence, Arabic language as well as their principles or sciences. The paper focuses on the following aspects: the critical areas of Ijtihād on controversial issues and how they could be resolved by using the method ...
Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, Dec 30, 2018
Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with rega... more Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with regard to its rulings, application and above all necessity of modification. The Muslim Ummah has witnessed widespread misconceptions about some rulings and application of zakāt mainly due to usage of weak and unreliable aḥādīth. It must be noted that zakāt rulings are fixed by Sharīʽah and cannot be altered or modified due to the change of time and circumstance. Therefore, any discussion, argument, suggestion and criticism can only be based on authentic sources of Sharīʽah. It is imperative that the person attempting to face the challenges or to resolve controversies on zakāt has to be well versed in the major Sciences of Sharīʽah. These sciences are Qur’ān, Ḥadīth, Islamic Jurisprudence, Arabic language as well as their principles or sciences. The paper focuses on the following aspects: the critical areas of Ijtihād on controversial issues and how they could be resolved by using the method of combining the nusus to produce a reasonable conclusion. The paper has adopted descriptive, deductive and historical methods of analysis.
Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, Dec 30, 2018
For the past few years there has been a significant increase of people’s interest in crypto-curre... more For the past few years there has been a significant increase of people’s interest in crypto-currencies. Seminars and conferences have been organized to discuss the nature and feasibility of cryptocurrencies. Some argue that it is good to have an alternative to the current fiat money system in which the predominant role is played by banks, while a cryptocurrency does not require any bank account, tax payment and auditing. Some others disagree with these arguments and claim that any mode of payment in other than traditionally known instruments such as cash payment, telegraphic-transfers, cheques and so, will open the door to avoid tax and audits, which in turn may seriously effect a government’s budget and may even decrease GDP. This research uses theoretical, descriptive and analytical methods of research and therefore focuses on the following important points: a) defining the place of cryptocurrency in the financial system by determining the extent of its influence; b) reviewing the literature on the topic, which will allow us to determine the current understanding of the problem by modern science; c) unveiling the key requirements of Shari’ah for money and money circulation to formulate a standard understanding of money in Shari’ah; d) comparing the characteristics of paper money and crypto-currencies (using the bitcoins as an example). The authors believe in permissibility of using the cryptocurrencies but with strict reservations
Starting from Hijra, mosque has played educational, edificatory social and political roles aimed ... more Starting from Hijra, mosque has played educational, edificatory social and political roles aimed at strengthening the brotherhood between Al-Muhajirin and Al-Ansar who jointly faced internal and external issues and challenges from opponents and neighboring states. The Prophet’s mosque brought the community under the umbrella of the following verse: “The mosques of Allah are only to be maintained by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day and establish prayer and give zakah and do not fear except Allah, for it is expected that those will be of the [rightly] guided” (9:18). Today, more than ever, the need for the revival of the real mosque’s role has become indispensable for the sake of unifying the worshipers and achieving reconciliation and peaceful coexistence between rival movements
Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic fina... more Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic financial instruments. This paper gives a positive response to this question, but with a wide range of refinements, significantly limiting the list of allowable operations with crypto currency.
Characters and competencies matter the most in leadership theories. Conventional institutions hav... more Characters and competencies matter the most in leadership theories. Conventional institutions have glittering records of training leaders and managers in developing the right competencies but they generally fail in characters building. In 2006, Harry Lewis, the former dean of Harvard College described Harvard as a “university without a soul ”. His analysis of the problems at Harvard was applauded but his proposed solutions seemed vague and unsatisfactory. As Muslims, we sympathise with professor’s Lewis analysis. His observations are important because it indicates that the problems are systemic. They are caused by the system, not by a few bad apples. However, we believe that the solution is simpler. Leaders who believe in God are more likely to act in accordance with God’s injunctions. Muslims believe that such leaders would naturally develop a strong moral character. This moral character will be tested in the rough and tumble of organizational life. Leaders will either make compromises or they will rise to the occasion. In this book, we hope to show that leaders don’t have to compromise on their principles to be successful. Much commendable progress over the last few years was achieved. There has been a huge effort around the world in researching the role of spirituality at work. There is a general agreement that spiritual leaders are more moral and more ethical. We hope to demonstrate that they can still be effective. Within this broad framework, we decided to focus on the universal lessons found in the Qur’an, the scripture of the Muslims as final revelation. To do justice to the Qur’an, we had to first understand the current issues surrounding conventional leadership. This proved much more difficult than we anticipated and it took us nine chapters to discuss the pertinent issues. This constitutes the first part (Part-1) of the book. At the end of these nine chapters, we feel that readers should; 1. Understand the limitations of conventional theories of leadership; and 2. Appreciate that the Qur’an addresses these issues comprehensively. We then try to understand the Prophetic Leadership Model used by the last Prophet (saw) and his Four Successors(r.a.). We try to demonstrate that Islamic leadership is possible today. This has been put in Part-2. This part therefore provides us critical context to understand how the message of the Qur’an should be understood. We cover this in chapters ten, eleven and twelve. Lastly, from chapter thirteen to sixteen, we look at the Qur’anic perspective on the individual responsibilities and on the collective responsibilities of leaders. This is about followership characteristics in general and constitutes the Part-3 of the book. Thus throughout this book, we take a human resource development (HRD) or rightly called Talents Development view on this subject. We believe that there is no point in developing a model if people today cannot be trained to use that model. We therefore report on our experiences in training managers and leaders on how to implement this model, covers the rest part of the book.
This edited book covers over one hundred years of history of Islam as an extensive social and int... more This edited book covers over one hundred years of history of Islam as an extensive social and intellectual phenomenon in the regions of the former Russian Empire
Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic fina... more Is it possible to use crypto-currencies? This question is actual for active users of Islamic financial instruments. This paper gives a positive response to this question, but with a wide range of refinements, significantly limiting the list of allowable operations with crypto currency.
Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2016
Throughout the centuries the Muslim ummah, and their scholars in particular, have faced questions... more Throughout the centuries the Muslim ummah, and their scholars in particular, have faced questions and challenges about zakāt. However, there is a vast difference between raising questions for the sake of seeking knowledge and making allegations based on mere assumption rather than on ijtihād. Zakāt is the third pillar of Islam and it should therefore be realized that all the rulings and norms related to zakāt are fixed by sharīʿah texts which cannot be changed because of the mutability of time and space. To some people certain aspects of zakāt seem irrelevant to our contemporary time and therefore they suggest revising the whole concept of zakāt and applying it according to our modern era. However, anyone who ventures to challenge the established norms of zakāt must at least be well versed in the major sources of sharīʿah such as the Qur’ān, sunnah, ijmāʿ, qiyās as well as in Islamic jurisprudence and the Arabic language. Otherwise what they pose are baseless claims rather than inte...
Journal of the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2018
Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with rega... more Perhaps zakāt is the only pillar of Islam which has been so widely disputed by scholars with regard to its rulings, application and above all necessity of modification. The Muslim Ummah has witnessed widespread misconceptions about some rulings and application of zakāt mainly due to usage of weak and unreliable aḥādīth. It must be noted that zakāt rulings are fixed by Sharīʽah and cannot be altered or modified due to the change of time and circumstance. Therefore, any discussion, argument, suggestion and criticism can only be based on authentic sources of Sharīʽah. It is imperative that the person attempting to face the challenges or to resolve controversies on zakāt has to be well versed in the major Sciences of Sharīʽah. These sciences are Qur’ān, Ḥadīth, Islamic Jurisprudence, Arabic language as well as their principles or sciences. The paper focuses on the following aspects: the critical areas of Ijtihād on controversial issues and how they could be resolved by using the method ...
The concept behind this edited volume, with a variety of chapters written by prominent academicia... more The concept behind this edited volume, with a variety of chapters written by prominent academicians in Islamic thought, history, culture and education from different post-Communist countries, was born during the III Forum of CIS Scholars from Revealed Knowledge and Social Sciences Faculties: Islamic Intellectual Thought in the CIS Countries: Past, Present and The Way Forward, in Istanbul, Turkey in October 2019 by the IDRAK Public Union of Azerbaijan, and the International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) of the USA. The book centres on the cultural and intellectual activities of Muslims in several regions of the former Russian Empire at two crossroads. Part I focuses mainly on the beginning of the 20th century, from the Russian Revolution 1905 to the establishment of the Soviet regime in the 1930s. Part II covers developments in the post-Soviet era until today.
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Papers by DR Gapur Oziev