The island inhabitants of Sardinia have long been a focus for studies of complex human traits due... more The island inhabitants of Sardinia have long been a focus for studies of complex human traits due to their unique ancestral background and population isolation reflecting geographic and cultural restriction. Population isolates share decreased genomic diversity, increased linkage disequilibrium, and increased inbreeding coefficients. In many regions, dogs and humans have been exposed to the same natural and artificial forces of environment, growth, and migration. Distinct dog breeds have arisen through human-driven selection of characteristics to meet an ideal standard of appearance and function. The Fonni's Dog, an endemic dog population on Sardinia, has not been subjected to an intensive system of artificial selection, but rather has developed alongside the human population of Sardinia, influenced by geographic isolation and unregulated selection based on its environmental adaptation and aptitude for owner-desired behaviors. Through analysis of 28 dog breeds, represented with whole-genome sequences from 13 dogs and 170,000 genome-wide single nucleotide variants from 155 dogs, we have produced a genomic illustration of the Fonni's Dog. Genomic patterns confirm within-breed similarity, while population and demographic analyses provide spatial identity of Fonni's Dog to other Mediterranean breeds. Investigation of admixture and fixation indices reveals insights into the involvement of Fonni's Dogs in breed development throughout the Mediterranean. We describe how characteristics of population isolates are reflected in dog breeds that have undergone artificial selection, and are mirrored in the Fonni's Dog through traditional isolating factors that affect human populations. Lastly, we show that the genetic history of Fonni's Dog parallels demographic events in local human populations.
Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in p... more Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in particular oxytetracycline (OTC), appear to correlate with the emergence of immune-mediated diseases. Accumulation of OTC, the elective drug for gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious disease treatment in broiler chickens, was reported in chicken edible tissues and could represent a potential risk for pets and humans that could assume this antibiotic as residue in meat or in meat-derived byproducts. We investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of a pool of thirteen botanicals as a part of a nutraceutical diet, with proven immunomodulatory activity. In addition, we evaluated the effect of such botanicals in contrasting the in vitro proinflammatory toxicity of OTC. Our results showed a significant reduction in interferon-(INF-) í µí»¾ production by human and canine lymphocytes in presence of botanicals (* í µí± < 0.05). Increased INF-í µí»¾ production, dependent on 24-hour OTC-incubation of T lymphocytes, was significantly reduced by the coincubation with Haematococcus pluvialis, with Glycine max, and with the mix of all botanicals (* í µí± < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of these botanicals was shown to be able to contrast OTC-toxicity and could represent a new approach for the development of functional foods useful to enhance the standard pharmacological treatment in infections as well as in preventing or reducing the emergence of inflammatory diseases.
Background: Canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (cKCS) is an inflammatory eye condition related to ... more Background: Canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (cKCS) is an inflammatory eye condition related to a deficiency in the tear aqueous fraction. Etiopathogenesis of such disease is substantially multifactorial, combining the individual genetic background with environmental factors that contribute to the process of immunological tolerance disruption and, as a consequence, to the emergence of autoimmunity disease. In this occurrence, it is of relevance the role of the physiological immune-dysregulation that results in immune-mediated processes at the basis of cKCS. Current therapies for this ocular disease rely on immunosuppressive treatments. Clinical response to treatment frequently varies from poor to good, depending on the clinical-pathological status of eyes at diagnosis and on individual response to therapy. In the light of the variability of clinical response to therapies, we evaluated the use of an anti-inflammatory/antioxidant nutraceutical diet with potential immune-modulating activity as a therapeutical adjuvant in cKCS pharmacological treatment. Such combination was administered to a cohort of dogs affected by cKCS in which the only immunosuppressive treatment resulted poorly responsive or ineffective in controlling the ocular symptoms.
Methods: Ninety-six cobb race chickens were equally divided in 4 groups and randomly assigned to ... more Methods: Ninety-six cobb race chickens were equally divided in 4 groups and randomly assigned to receive a standard treatment feed + homeopathic concentrations of Sym-phytum (S.) officinale (9CH), or standard treatment feed + homeopathic concentrations of Tricalcarea (4CH), or standard treatment feed + homeopathic concentrations of Cal-carea (C.) carbonica (30CH) or a placebo (the same feed but without any homeopathic compound) in order to assess the ability of the homeopathic compounds to increase the concentration of calcium hydroxyapatite in the sternal spongy bone tissue. We measured the concentration of calcium hydroxyapatite in the sternal spongy bone tissue of all chickens by means of a computed tomography (CT). Results: 30%, 36% and 63% increase of sternum spongy-bone mineralization was observed after a 2 years period in the treatment groups with S. officinale (9CH), Trical-carea (4CH) (*P < 0.05) and C. carbonica (30CH) (***P < 0.001) respectively. Conclusion: Bone mineralization is usually low in battery chickens reared in commercial poultry-sheds, creating a weakness of the whole animal supporting apparatus. Ho-meopathic preparations with bone-tissue tropism may improve their health quality. Homeopathy (2015)-, 1e4. Abbreviations: dH = decimal potency; cH = centesimal potency; CT = computed tomography
The usual biophysical approach to the study of biological membranes is that of turning to model s... more The usual biophysical approach to the study of biological membranes is that of turning to model systems. From these models, general physical principles ruling the lateral membrane structure can be obtained. A promising model system is the supported lipid bilayer (SLB) which could foresee the simultaneous investigation of the structure and physical properties of lipid bilayers reconstituted with membrane proteins. A complete exploitation of the model system to retrieve biologically relevant information requires an in-depth knowledge of the possible effect that experimental parameters could have on the behavior of the SLB. Here we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the effect of different types of substrates on the behavior of SLBs as far as their main phase transition is concerned. We found that different substrates (mica and silicon oxide) can affect in dissimilar ways the interleaflet coupling of the bilayer, which might represent a sort of lipid signaling allowing communication between receptors on the extracellular leaflet and cytoplasmic components. By decreasing the interaction between the SLB and the substrate the interleaflet coupling is preserved independently of the bilayer preparation strategy. Moreover, we investigated by time-lapse AFM an isothermal phase transition induced by a pH change on a SLB. We established that the presence of a pH gradient across the bilayer can weaken the strength of the interleaflet coupling which is present in symmetrical pH conditions.
The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health-improvin... more The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health-improving properties, including prevention and treatment of obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer prophylaxis, osteoporosis and arthritis treatment, diabetes management and control of hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, it is reasonable to emphasize the perspective of a new self-care and integrative medicine season, where food industry is turned to research-oriented management with putative clinical goals to be achieved. We searched Pubmed/Medline using the terms "probiotics" and "market". Selected papers until 2013 were chosen on the basis of their content (clinical evidence-based quality). We performed an accurate investigation on the so-called "probiotic market", leading to better understanding the role of nutraceutical products in the human clinical nutrition physiology. As nutraceutical products are sold all over the world, information, provided by this revi...
The aim of this evaluation study was to assess the possible role of a specific nutraceutical diet... more The aim of this evaluation study was to assess the possible role of a specific nutraceutical diet in relieving main clinical symptoms of chronic bilateral otitis externa (occlusion of ear canal, erythema, discharge quantity, and odor) in 30 adult dogs. Thirty dogs of different breeds (mean age ± SEM; 6.03 ± 0.15 years and mean weight ± SEM; 32.01 ± 1.17 Kg; 53.3 % males, 46.6 % females) with evident chronic clinical otitis symptoms were equally divided and randomly assigned to receive either the nutraceutical diet (ND group) or a standard diet (SD group) over a period of 90 days. In all cases a topical pharmacological treatment was given. The nutraceutical diet, also endowed with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, significantly decreased the mean score intensity of all symptoms after 90 days of intervention (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001) with the exception of Malassezia pachydermatis infection which was only slightly reduced. Our investigation is one of the few evidence-based results where a commercial nutraceutical diet has been proven effective, in combination with drugs, in relieving otitis externa-related symptoms. This study opens new insights into otitis externa clinical management providing evidence of efficacy of a combined therapy with drugs and a specific nutraceutical diet.
Clinical appearance and evolution of Canine Leishmaniosis (CL) are the consequence of complex int... more Clinical appearance and evolution of Canine Leishmaniosis (CL) are the consequence of complex interactions between the parasite and the genetic and immunological backgrounds. We investigated the effect of an immune-modulating diet in CL. Dogs were treated with anti- Leishmania pharmacological therapy combined with standard diet (SD Group) or with the immune-modulating diet (IMMD Group). CD3+ CD4+ Foxp3+ Regulatory T cells (Treg) and CD3+ CD4+ IFN-γ + T helper 1 (Th1) were analyzed by flow cytometry. All sick dogs showed low platelet number at diagnosis (T0). A platelet increase was observed after six months (T6) SD Group, with still remaining in the normal range at twelve months (T12). IMMD Group showed an increase in platelet number becoming similar to healthy dogs at T6 and T12. An increase of CD4/CD8 ratio was revealed in SD Group after three months (T3), while at T6 and at T12 the values resembled to T0. The increase in CD4/CD8 ratio at T3 was maintained at T6 and T12 in IMMD Gr...
The gut microbiome is not a silent ecosystem but exerts several physiological and immunological f... more The gut microbiome is not a silent ecosystem but exerts several physiological and immunological functions. For many decades, lactobacilli have been used as an effective therapy for treatment of several pathological conditions displaying an overall positive safety profile. This review summarises the mechanisms and clinical evidence supporting therapeutic efficacy of lactobacilli. We searched Pubmed/Medline using the keyword &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;Lactobacillus&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;. Selected papers from 1950 to 2015 were chosen on the basis of their content. Relevant clinical and experimental articles that used lactobacilli as therapeutic agents have been included. Applications of lactobacilli include kidney support for renal insufficiency, pancreas health, management of metabolic imbalance, and cancer treatment and prevention. In vitro and in vivo investigations have shown that prolonged lactobacilli administration induces qualitative and quantitative modifications in the human gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem with encouraging perspectives in counteracting pathology-associated physiological and immunological changes. Few studies have highlighted the risk of translocation with subsequent sepsis and bacteraemia following probiotic administration but there is still a lack of investigations on the dose effect of these compounds. Great care is thus required in the choice of the proper Lactobacillus species, their genetic stability and the translocation risk, mainly related to inflammatory disease-induced gut mucosa enhanced permeability. Finally, we need to determine the adequate amount of bacteria to be delivered in order to achieve the best clinical efficacy decreasing the risk of side effects.
Aim. We evaluated the effect of Spirulina maxima and Ascophyllum nodosum on the growth of one lac... more Aim. We evaluated the effect of Spirulina maxima and Ascophyllum nodosum on the growth of one lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus Paracasei subsp. Paracasei F19) and two enterococci (Enterococcus casseliflavus IM416K1, Enterococcus faecalis IM388C). Methods. Bacterial growths were evaluated by plating all strains into a 96-well microplate in triplicate and then reading the O.D. values at a wavelength of 595 nm at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 20, 26 and 28 hours by means of a microplate reader. Results. A bacterial growth inhibition occurred both for Enterococcus casseliflavus IM416K1 and Enterococcus faecalis IM388C (P<0.01) in presence of any Ascophyllum nodosum concentration, whereas a bacterial enhancement was observable at lower concentrations of Spirulina maxima and Ascophyllum nodosum (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mg mL-1) for Lactobacillus Paracasei subsp. Paracasei F19 (P<0.0001) and at lower concentrations of Spirulina maxima for Enterococcus casseliflavus IM416K1 and Enterococcus faecalis IM3...
ABSTRACT The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health... more ABSTRACT The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health-improving properties, including prevention and treatment of obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer prophylaxis, osteoporosis and arthritis treatment, diabetes management and control of hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, it is reasonable to emphasize the perspective of a new self-care and integrative medicine season, where food industry is turned to research-oriented management with putative clinical goals to be achieved. We searched Pubmed/Medline using the terms “probiotics” and “market”. Selected papers until 2013 were chosen on the basis of their content (clinical evidence-based quality). We performed an accurate investigation on the so-called “probiotic market”, leading to better understanding the role of nutraceutical products in the human clinical nutrition physiology. As nutraceutical products are sold all over the world, information, provided by this review may be useful to evaluate their potential impact on human health
Nutricion hospitalaria: organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Parenteral y Enteral
Introduction: Many reports in literature have underlined particular features of Lactobacillus par... more Introduction: Many reports in literature have underlined particular features of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19, however a critical review of main clinical outcomes has not been performed so far. Objectives: This review summarizes the most relevant reports, in terms of clinical benefits, of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19 administration reviewing it's historical background and outlining new interesting perspectives in clinical practice. Methods: We searched Pubmed/Medline using the terms "Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19". All clinical and experimental articles on the use of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19 were included. Results and discussion: The genetic stability of F19, the most relevant clinical claim, renders it's administration reliable and effective in immunocompromised people. Adequate concentrations of this strain support a dose/effect strategy ranging between NF B host macrophage activation to pathogenic bac...
Gli autori hanno effettuato su 30 pazienti uno studio di correlazione tra alcuni parametri biochi... more Gli autori hanno effettuato su 30 pazienti uno studio di correlazione tra alcuni parametri biochimici del siero quali elastina, elastasi-2, fibronectina e misurazioni strumentali della cute in soggetti con photoaging cutaneo, prima e dopo somministrazione orale per due settimane di un prodotto nutraceutico complesso. Scopo di tale ricerca è stato di mettere a punto un metodo biochimico di riferimento per valutare indirettamente l'efficacia di taluni composti naturali alla regressione del photoaging cutaneo. La conclusione della indagine ha portato a correlare positivamente le variazioni dei parametri sierici individualmente investigati con il miglioramento del tono e del trofismo cutaneo strumentalmente misurato.
The island inhabitants of Sardinia have long been a focus for studies of complex human traits due... more The island inhabitants of Sardinia have long been a focus for studies of complex human traits due to their unique ancestral background and population isolation reflecting geographic and cultural restriction. Population isolates share decreased genomic diversity, increased linkage disequilibrium, and increased inbreeding coefficients. In many regions, dogs and humans have been exposed to the same natural and artificial forces of environment, growth, and migration. Distinct dog breeds have arisen through human-driven selection of characteristics to meet an ideal standard of appearance and function. The Fonni's Dog, an endemic dog population on Sardinia, has not been subjected to an intensive system of artificial selection, but rather has developed alongside the human population of Sardinia, influenced by geographic isolation and unregulated selection based on its environmental adaptation and aptitude for owner-desired behaviors. Through analysis of 28 dog breeds, represented with whole-genome sequences from 13 dogs and 170,000 genome-wide single nucleotide variants from 155 dogs, we have produced a genomic illustration of the Fonni's Dog. Genomic patterns confirm within-breed similarity, while population and demographic analyses provide spatial identity of Fonni's Dog to other Mediterranean breeds. Investigation of admixture and fixation indices reveals insights into the involvement of Fonni's Dogs in breed development throughout the Mediterranean. We describe how characteristics of population isolates are reflected in dog breeds that have undergone artificial selection, and are mirrored in the Fonni's Dog through traditional isolating factors that affect human populations. Lastly, we show that the genetic history of Fonni's Dog parallels demographic events in local human populations.
Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in p... more Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in particular oxytetracycline (OTC), appear to correlate with the emergence of immune-mediated diseases. Accumulation of OTC, the elective drug for gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious disease treatment in broiler chickens, was reported in chicken edible tissues and could represent a potential risk for pets and humans that could assume this antibiotic as residue in meat or in meat-derived byproducts. We investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of a pool of thirteen botanicals as a part of a nutraceutical diet, with proven immunomodulatory activity. In addition, we evaluated the effect of such botanicals in contrasting the in vitro proinflammatory toxicity of OTC. Our results showed a significant reduction in interferon-(INF-) í µí»¾ production by human and canine lymphocytes in presence of botanicals (* í µí± < 0.05). Increased INF-í µí»¾ production, dependent on 24-hour OTC-incubation of T lymphocytes, was significantly reduced by the coincubation with Haematococcus pluvialis, with Glycine max, and with the mix of all botanicals (* í µí± < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of these botanicals was shown to be able to contrast OTC-toxicity and could represent a new approach for the development of functional foods useful to enhance the standard pharmacological treatment in infections as well as in preventing or reducing the emergence of inflammatory diseases.
Background: Canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (cKCS) is an inflammatory eye condition related to ... more Background: Canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca (cKCS) is an inflammatory eye condition related to a deficiency in the tear aqueous fraction. Etiopathogenesis of such disease is substantially multifactorial, combining the individual genetic background with environmental factors that contribute to the process of immunological tolerance disruption and, as a consequence, to the emergence of autoimmunity disease. In this occurrence, it is of relevance the role of the physiological immune-dysregulation that results in immune-mediated processes at the basis of cKCS. Current therapies for this ocular disease rely on immunosuppressive treatments. Clinical response to treatment frequently varies from poor to good, depending on the clinical-pathological status of eyes at diagnosis and on individual response to therapy. In the light of the variability of clinical response to therapies, we evaluated the use of an anti-inflammatory/antioxidant nutraceutical diet with potential immune-modulating activity as a therapeutical adjuvant in cKCS pharmacological treatment. Such combination was administered to a cohort of dogs affected by cKCS in which the only immunosuppressive treatment resulted poorly responsive or ineffective in controlling the ocular symptoms.
Methods: Ninety-six cobb race chickens were equally divided in 4 groups and randomly assigned to ... more Methods: Ninety-six cobb race chickens were equally divided in 4 groups and randomly assigned to receive a standard treatment feed + homeopathic concentrations of Sym-phytum (S.) officinale (9CH), or standard treatment feed + homeopathic concentrations of Tricalcarea (4CH), or standard treatment feed + homeopathic concentrations of Cal-carea (C.) carbonica (30CH) or a placebo (the same feed but without any homeopathic compound) in order to assess the ability of the homeopathic compounds to increase the concentration of calcium hydroxyapatite in the sternal spongy bone tissue. We measured the concentration of calcium hydroxyapatite in the sternal spongy bone tissue of all chickens by means of a computed tomography (CT). Results: 30%, 36% and 63% increase of sternum spongy-bone mineralization was observed after a 2 years period in the treatment groups with S. officinale (9CH), Trical-carea (4CH) (*P < 0.05) and C. carbonica (30CH) (***P < 0.001) respectively. Conclusion: Bone mineralization is usually low in battery chickens reared in commercial poultry-sheds, creating a weakness of the whole animal supporting apparatus. Ho-meopathic preparations with bone-tissue tropism may improve their health quality. Homeopathy (2015)-, 1e4. Abbreviations: dH = decimal potency; cH = centesimal potency; CT = computed tomography
The usual biophysical approach to the study of biological membranes is that of turning to model s... more The usual biophysical approach to the study of biological membranes is that of turning to model systems. From these models, general physical principles ruling the lateral membrane structure can be obtained. A promising model system is the supported lipid bilayer (SLB) which could foresee the simultaneous investigation of the structure and physical properties of lipid bilayers reconstituted with membrane proteins. A complete exploitation of the model system to retrieve biologically relevant information requires an in-depth knowledge of the possible effect that experimental parameters could have on the behavior of the SLB. Here we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the effect of different types of substrates on the behavior of SLBs as far as their main phase transition is concerned. We found that different substrates (mica and silicon oxide) can affect in dissimilar ways the interleaflet coupling of the bilayer, which might represent a sort of lipid signaling allowing communication between receptors on the extracellular leaflet and cytoplasmic components. By decreasing the interaction between the SLB and the substrate the interleaflet coupling is preserved independently of the bilayer preparation strategy. Moreover, we investigated by time-lapse AFM an isothermal phase transition induced by a pH change on a SLB. We established that the presence of a pH gradient across the bilayer can weaken the strength of the interleaflet coupling which is present in symmetrical pH conditions.
The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health-improvin... more The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health-improving properties, including prevention and treatment of obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer prophylaxis, osteoporosis and arthritis treatment, diabetes management and control of hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, it is reasonable to emphasize the perspective of a new self-care and integrative medicine season, where food industry is turned to research-oriented management with putative clinical goals to be achieved. We searched Pubmed/Medline using the terms "probiotics" and "market". Selected papers until 2013 were chosen on the basis of their content (clinical evidence-based quality). We performed an accurate investigation on the so-called "probiotic market", leading to better understanding the role of nutraceutical products in the human clinical nutrition physiology. As nutraceutical products are sold all over the world, information, provided by this revi...
The aim of this evaluation study was to assess the possible role of a specific nutraceutical diet... more The aim of this evaluation study was to assess the possible role of a specific nutraceutical diet in relieving main clinical symptoms of chronic bilateral otitis externa (occlusion of ear canal, erythema, discharge quantity, and odor) in 30 adult dogs. Thirty dogs of different breeds (mean age ± SEM; 6.03 ± 0.15 years and mean weight ± SEM; 32.01 ± 1.17 Kg; 53.3 % males, 46.6 % females) with evident chronic clinical otitis symptoms were equally divided and randomly assigned to receive either the nutraceutical diet (ND group) or a standard diet (SD group) over a period of 90 days. In all cases a topical pharmacological treatment was given. The nutraceutical diet, also endowed with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, significantly decreased the mean score intensity of all symptoms after 90 days of intervention (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001) with the exception of Malassezia pachydermatis infection which was only slightly reduced. Our investigation is one of the few evidence-based results where a commercial nutraceutical diet has been proven effective, in combination with drugs, in relieving otitis externa-related symptoms. This study opens new insights into otitis externa clinical management providing evidence of efficacy of a combined therapy with drugs and a specific nutraceutical diet.
Clinical appearance and evolution of Canine Leishmaniosis (CL) are the consequence of complex int... more Clinical appearance and evolution of Canine Leishmaniosis (CL) are the consequence of complex interactions between the parasite and the genetic and immunological backgrounds. We investigated the effect of an immune-modulating diet in CL. Dogs were treated with anti- Leishmania pharmacological therapy combined with standard diet (SD Group) or with the immune-modulating diet (IMMD Group). CD3+ CD4+ Foxp3+ Regulatory T cells (Treg) and CD3+ CD4+ IFN-γ + T helper 1 (Th1) were analyzed by flow cytometry. All sick dogs showed low platelet number at diagnosis (T0). A platelet increase was observed after six months (T6) SD Group, with still remaining in the normal range at twelve months (T12). IMMD Group showed an increase in platelet number becoming similar to healthy dogs at T6 and T12. An increase of CD4/CD8 ratio was revealed in SD Group after three months (T3), while at T6 and at T12 the values resembled to T0. The increase in CD4/CD8 ratio at T3 was maintained at T6 and T12 in IMMD Gr...
The gut microbiome is not a silent ecosystem but exerts several physiological and immunological f... more The gut microbiome is not a silent ecosystem but exerts several physiological and immunological functions. For many decades, lactobacilli have been used as an effective therapy for treatment of several pathological conditions displaying an overall positive safety profile. This review summarises the mechanisms and clinical evidence supporting therapeutic efficacy of lactobacilli. We searched Pubmed/Medline using the keyword &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;Lactobacillus&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;. Selected papers from 1950 to 2015 were chosen on the basis of their content. Relevant clinical and experimental articles that used lactobacilli as therapeutic agents have been included. Applications of lactobacilli include kidney support for renal insufficiency, pancreas health, management of metabolic imbalance, and cancer treatment and prevention. In vitro and in vivo investigations have shown that prolonged lactobacilli administration induces qualitative and quantitative modifications in the human gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem with encouraging perspectives in counteracting pathology-associated physiological and immunological changes. Few studies have highlighted the risk of translocation with subsequent sepsis and bacteraemia following probiotic administration but there is still a lack of investigations on the dose effect of these compounds. Great care is thus required in the choice of the proper Lactobacillus species, their genetic stability and the translocation risk, mainly related to inflammatory disease-induced gut mucosa enhanced permeability. Finally, we need to determine the adequate amount of bacteria to be delivered in order to achieve the best clinical efficacy decreasing the risk of side effects.
Aim. We evaluated the effect of Spirulina maxima and Ascophyllum nodosum on the growth of one lac... more Aim. We evaluated the effect of Spirulina maxima and Ascophyllum nodosum on the growth of one lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus Paracasei subsp. Paracasei F19) and two enterococci (Enterococcus casseliflavus IM416K1, Enterococcus faecalis IM388C). Methods. Bacterial growths were evaluated by plating all strains into a 96-well microplate in triplicate and then reading the O.D. values at a wavelength of 595 nm at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 20, 26 and 28 hours by means of a microplate reader. Results. A bacterial growth inhibition occurred both for Enterococcus casseliflavus IM416K1 and Enterococcus faecalis IM388C (P<0.01) in presence of any Ascophyllum nodosum concentration, whereas a bacterial enhancement was observable at lower concentrations of Spirulina maxima and Ascophyllum nodosum (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mg mL-1) for Lactobacillus Paracasei subsp. Paracasei F19 (P<0.0001) and at lower concentrations of Spirulina maxima for Enterococcus casseliflavus IM416K1 and Enterococcus faecalis IM3...
ABSTRACT The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health... more ABSTRACT The advertising of probiotics in diary products on the market has claimed several health-improving properties, including prevention and treatment of obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer prophylaxis, osteoporosis and arthritis treatment, diabetes management and control of hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, it is reasonable to emphasize the perspective of a new self-care and integrative medicine season, where food industry is turned to research-oriented management with putative clinical goals to be achieved. We searched Pubmed/Medline using the terms “probiotics” and “market”. Selected papers until 2013 were chosen on the basis of their content (clinical evidence-based quality). We performed an accurate investigation on the so-called “probiotic market”, leading to better understanding the role of nutraceutical products in the human clinical nutrition physiology. As nutraceutical products are sold all over the world, information, provided by this review may be useful to evaluate their potential impact on human health
Nutricion hospitalaria: organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Nutricion Parenteral y Enteral
Introduction: Many reports in literature have underlined particular features of Lactobacillus par... more Introduction: Many reports in literature have underlined particular features of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19, however a critical review of main clinical outcomes has not been performed so far. Objectives: This review summarizes the most relevant reports, in terms of clinical benefits, of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19 administration reviewing it's historical background and outlining new interesting perspectives in clinical practice. Methods: We searched Pubmed/Medline using the terms "Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19". All clinical and experimental articles on the use of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei F19 were included. Results and discussion: The genetic stability of F19, the most relevant clinical claim, renders it's administration reliable and effective in immunocompromised people. Adequate concentrations of this strain support a dose/effect strategy ranging between NF B host macrophage activation to pathogenic bac...
Gli autori hanno effettuato su 30 pazienti uno studio di correlazione tra alcuni parametri biochi... more Gli autori hanno effettuato su 30 pazienti uno studio di correlazione tra alcuni parametri biochimici del siero quali elastina, elastasi-2, fibronectina e misurazioni strumentali della cute in soggetti con photoaging cutaneo, prima e dopo somministrazione orale per due settimane di un prodotto nutraceutico complesso. Scopo di tale ricerca è stato di mettere a punto un metodo biochimico di riferimento per valutare indirettamente l'efficacia di taluni composti naturali alla regressione del photoaging cutaneo. La conclusione della indagine ha portato a correlare positivamente le variazioni dei parametri sierici individualmente investigati con il miglioramento del tono e del trofismo cutaneo strumentalmente misurato.
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Papers by Alessandro Di Cerbo