Effects of the pesticides Afugan, Brominal, Gramoxone, Selecron and Sumi Oil on growth, nodulatio... more Effects of the pesticides Afugan, Brominal, Gramoxone, Selecron and Sumi Oil on growth, nodulation and root colonisation by arbuscular mycrrhizal (AM) fungi of the legumes cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Lupin (Lupinus albus L.) were determined. The growth of all plants was inhibited by pesticide application, but this effect varied with the pesticide and plant species. Nodule formation was significantly inhibited in cowpea after 20 days of planting by all pesticides tested. Following the initial decrease, there was recovery from the inhibitory effects at 40 and 60 days after planting. Although the number of nodules on common bean and lupin did not differ from control at 20 days after planting, differences were evident during the later stages of plant growth. The pesticides significantly inhibited AM root colonisation and the number of spores in all legumes, but on the other hand, spore formation was stimulated in pesticide-treated cowpea 60 days after planting. The accumulation of N, P and K in pesticide-treated plants was lower than in control plants. Growth and nutrient status of the legumes varied with nodulation and AM colonisation. The results suggest that pesticides affect plant growth, Rhizobium/Bradyrhizobium and AM fungi at different stages of plant growth and effects varied with pesticide and plant species.
Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae strain TAL 1236 growing on different organic P compounds as... more Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae strain TAL 1236 growing on different organic P compounds as sources of phosphate exhibited phosphatase activities. The strain was able to produce both acid and alkaline phosphatase. However, its ability to produce alkaline phosphatase was much higher. When cellular phosphate fell to 0.115% of cell protein, cellular and extracellular phosphatase activities were enhanced. Mg 2+, Co 2+, and Ca z+ stimulated the activity of alkaline phosphatase more than acid phosphatase. However, Mn 2+ and Fe 2+ activated acid phosphatase rather than alkaline phosphatase. It may be concluded that R. leguminosarum contributes significantly to the release of P from organic compounds through the action of phosphatase which can be activated by a range of cations.
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, Feb 1, 2012
ABSTRACT A rhizobial isolate was recovered from the root nodule of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) ... more ABSTRACT A rhizobial isolate was recovered from the root nodule of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grown in sludgecontaminated fields in Upper Egypt. The isolate was identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae on the bases of phenotypic characteristics and sequences of the gene encoding 16S rRNA. The isolate was resistant to heavy metal stress in decreasing order Ba2þ (80 ppm), Zn2þ (70 ppm), Co2þ (50), Al3þ (40 ppm), Ni2þ (30 ppm), and Cd2þ (10 ppm). The rhizobial isolate was used as an efficient biosorbent for Cd2þ and Co2þ removal from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacities for Cd2þ and Co2þ biosorption calculated from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm were 135.3 and 167.5 mg g�1, respectively. The adsorption isotherm for both heavy metals fit well with the Langmuir isotherm rather than the Freundlich model with correlation coefficient (r2>0.98). This study indicates that the R. leguminosarum bv. viciae isolate STDF-Egypt19 can be useful as an inexpensive and efficient bioremediation technology to remove and recover heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution.
Bacteriology course is an introduction to the study of bacteria and their interrelationships with... more Bacteriology course is an introduction to the study of bacteria and their interrelationships with humans and environments. General bacteriology concepts such as bacterial structure, growth, and control of bacterial growth are applied to such medically, biological and agricultural related topics as control and pathogenicity of bacteria. The Chapters concern phylogeny of prokaryotes, structure, function, growth, control of growth, regulation of enzymes, and environment. Bacteriology should be taken by students majoring in basic biological sciences such as biochemistry, genetics or molecular biology, botany as well as by students planning careers in medicine, veterinary sciences, agriculture or pharmacy. The text is supplemented by boxed items of the objectives and special interests or activity, and each chapter concludes with a useful for quick revision as well as self-assessment questions to provide summative evaluation of what readers have learned. The goals of this book to present lectures in a simple form giving the required information that may help to increase the undergraduate readers.
It is known that the soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) genotype PI 417566 has restricted nodule de... more It is known that the soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) genotype PI 417566 has restricted nodule development when inoculated with Bradyrhizobium [aponicum strain USDA 110 and grown at low temperature. The current experiments were conducted to determine if the restricted nodulation of PI 417566 roots could be overcome by grafting them to a hypemodulated shoot, since it is known that grafted shoots of hypemodulated mutants induce hypemodulation on roots of normally nodulated soybean. Reciprocally-and self-grafted NODl-3 (a hypemodulation mutant) and PI 417566 (a plant restricted nodulation genotype) plants were evaluated for nodulation in a growth chamber at constant 20°C. Seedling roots of self-grafted PI 417566 were normally nodulated when inoculated with USDA 123, while USDA 110 resulted in restricted nodulation. Grafting of NODl-3 shoots to PI 417566 roots did not enhance nodulation when inoculated with USDA 110, but did enhance nodulation when inoculated with USDA 123. It appears that the shoot of NODl-3 has the ability to alter autoregulatory control of nodulation of the PI 417566 genotype only when challenged with a compatible rhizobial strain.
Supplemental material, Supplementary data for Fungi-induced paint deterioration and air contamina... more Supplemental material, Supplementary data for Fungi-induced paint deterioration and air contamination in the Assiut University hospital, Egypt by Ismail R. Abdel-Rahim, Nivien A. Nafady, Magdy M. K. Bagy, Mohamed H. Abd-Alla and Ahmad M. Abd-Alkader in Indoor and Built Environment
Microbial synthesis of β-carotene has gained more interest as an alternative to synthetic β-carot... more Microbial synthesis of β-carotene has gained more interest as an alternative to synthetic β-carotene due to easy extraction and high yield. The vitamin microbial production is mainly dependent on culture conditions and the medium compositions. In this study, the β-carotene production by the <em>Rhodotorula glutinis</em> ASU6 (KU550702) was evaluated under different growth conditions and nutrient composition. Different agro-renewable wastes were tested as carbon source for <em>R. glutinis</em> to obtain maximum amount of β-carotene. Meanwhile, it is clear that <em>R. glutinis</em> could grow well on acid extract of onion peels and produced large amount of β-carotene. Initial statistical screening using a Plackett-Burman design showed temperature, incubation time, fermentation type, non-treated onion waste, KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and L-asparagine as significantly, influencing β-carotene production. Response surface meth...
Most immunosuppressive agents were initially developed as antibiotics produced by the genus <e... more Most immunosuppressive agents were initially developed as antibiotics produced by the genus <em>Streptomyces</em>. This investigation was devoted to explore the bioactive metabolite of the <em>Streptomyces variabilis</em> ASU319 extract and testing the purified active compound of this extract as an immunosuppressive agent in rats blood. Elucidation of the chemical structure and optimization of the active compound were studied as well. Antimicrobial activity was conducted using agar-well diffusion and disc diffusion assays. The antimicrobial metabolite was extracted from the fermentation broth by ethyl acetate and purified by TLC and silica gel column chromatography. The pure active compound was then subjected to spectroscopic analyses: <sup>1</sup>H NMR, Elemental analysis, IR and Mass spectra. The active antimicrobial compound was tested as an immunosuppressive agent by injection in the rat blood and the complete blood count (CBC) was determined....
the genus Streptomyces recovered from rhizospheric soil of Triticum vulgaris, Zea mays and Vicia ... more the genus Streptomyces recovered from rhizospheric soil of Triticum vulgaris, Zea mays and Vicia faba cultivated in Assuit and New Valley Governorates of Egypt, ten isolates were capable of producing high amounts of L-glutaminase enzyme. The most potent L-glutaminase producer isolate was Streptomyces sp. ASU319 recovered from rhizosphere of Triticum vulgaris. The higher producer actinomycete isolate was identified by sequencing of 16S rRNA as Streptomyces variabilis ASU319 and was deposited in the GenBank nucleotide sequence database under accession number KC145278. Factors affecting L-glutaminase production by the Streptomyces variabilis ASU319(KC145278) were examined and the results revealed that the maximum L-glutaminase value was obtained when the isolate cultivated in the production broth medium supplemented by glutamine 8 mg/ml, adjusted at pH 4 and incubated at 35 °C. These results suggest that L-glutaminase-producing Streptomyces variabilis ASU319 could be used as a plant gr...
This study was devoted to exploring the natural nodulation and nitrogen fixation of wild legumes ... more This study was devoted to exploring the natural nodulation and nitrogen fixation of wild legumes grown in different Egyptian habitats. These habitats are representative to four phytogeographical regions. Sites that inhabited by Melilotus indicus, Medicago polymorpha, Trifolium resupinatum, Trigonella hamosa and Vicia sativa in each region were selected for study. High nodulation, nitrogen fixation and plant biomass were recorded in plants grown at Nile region and Oases compared with those at Mediterranean region and Sinai. The inhibition in nodulation and potential of nitrogen fixation in legumes at MR and S were attributed to drought and low soil fertility. Differences in species, regions or their interaction have significant effect on nodulation, legheamoglobin, nitroginase activity and biomass of nodules, shoots and roots; the magnitude of effect due to different species was the greatest. Five rhizobial isolates ( Sinorhizobium fredii , Rhizobium mesosinicum, Rhizobium daejeonens...
Bioelectricity production from wastewater beside treatment is the main goal offered by microbial ... more Bioelectricity production from wastewater beside treatment is the main goal offered by microbial fuel cells (MFCs) technology. This study was demonstrated to evaluating the electricity generated by the double-chamber air-cathodic MFC while reducing pollutants from sugar industry wastewater (SIW). A simple double-chamber MFC was configured with Nafion 117 membrane, and operated without adding any chemical mediators. SIW used as an electron donor and was fed in batchmode into the MFC for three consecutive operational cycles. While the maximum MFC output voltage in open circuit (OCV) mode was 890 mV after 24 operational days, the closed circuit voltage (CCV) was 340 mV when 550 ohm as external load was applied. From the polarization curve, the maximum power density of 160.16 mW/m2 as power output was observed at a current density of 320.9 mA/m2. The efficiency of the MFC was measured based on columbic efficiency (CE) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate. While the CE was 46%, ...
Aim This study aims to use fermentation waste of ethanol production (solid and liquid) for ribofl... more Aim This study aims to use fermentation waste of ethanol production (solid and liquid) for riboflavin and recycling of bacterial biomass as biofertilizers to enhance the growth of some oily crop plants. Methods and Results Out of 10 yeast isolates from fresh milk, Clavispora lusitaniae ASU 33 (MN583181) was able to ferment different concentrations of glucose (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) into ethanol with high efficiency at 10%. Among seven non-Lactobacillus bacterial isolates recovered from cheese samples, two bacterial isolates Bacillus subtlis-SR2 (MT002768) and Novosphingobium panipatense-SR3 (MT002778) were selected for their high riboflavin production. Different media (control medium, fermentation waste medium and a mixture of the fermentation waste medium and control medium [1:1]) were used for riboflavin production. These media were inoculated by a single or mixture of B. subtlis-SR2, N. panipatense-SR3. The addition of the waste medium of ethanol production to the cont...
Soils may be contaminated by oily wastewater during both upstream and downstream oil and gas prod... more Soils may be contaminated by oily wastewater during both upstream and downstream oil and gas production processes such as extraction, transportation, and refining. Oil-contaminated sites could nonetheless be used for agricultural purposes in arid regions provided they are managed appropriately. The present study introduces the successful application of a novel nitrogen-fixing, aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial isolate for the bioremediation of agricultural soils contaminated by oily wastewater. The isolate was recovered from uncontaminated soil and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-SR1 (MH634684). It successfully utilized various aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene as its sole carbon source and presented with plant growth promoting (PGP) properties such as indoleacetic acid and ammonia production and phosphate solubilization. The efficacy of this novel S. maltophilia-SR1-N 2 fixing bacterial isolate at reducing aromatic hydrocarbon toxicity of oily wastewater was validated by its ability to promote the growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivated in soils contaminated with oily wastewater. Inoculating S. maltophilia-SR1 on canola growing in soil amended with different concentrations of oily wastewater significantly increased chlorophyll content and soluble carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids compared with uninoculated plants. Oily wastewater contamination induced the accumulation of high levels of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide and caused plasma membrane degradation in uninoculated canola plants. In contrast, the presence of S. maltophilia-SR1 in soil contaminated with various oily wastewater concentrations upregulated nitrate, total nitrogen, nitrate reductase, and nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in the plants. It also markedly suppressed oxidative and nitrosative stress induced by oily wastewater. The findings of the present study lay theoretical and empirical foundations for the optimization of canola cultivation on agricultural soils contaminated by oily wastewater.
Background: Evaluation of the electricity generated by the single-chamber mediator–less microbial... more Background: Evaluation of the electricity generated by the single-chamber mediator–less microbial fuel cell (MFC) fed with sugar industry wastewater (SIW), besides the characterization of bacterial diversity of anodic biofilm. Results: The maximum MFC voltage in open circuit (OCV) mode was 911 mV after 24 operational days, while the closed-circuit voltage (CCV) was 360 mV when 550 Ω as the external load applied. From the polarization curve, the maximum power density of 189.16 mW/m2 as power output was observed at a current density of 370.9 mA/m2. The efficiency of the MFC was measured based on coulombic efficiency and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate. While the CE was 51%, the COD removal efficiency reached 90.4%. The anodic biofilm bacterial diversity was observed through several identifying morphologically, microscopy, and molecularly. The anodic biofilm phylogenetic bacterial consortia based on the molecular analysis of 16S rRNA sequences was indicated seven dominant strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lactobacillus sp., Enterococcus sp., Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus methanolicus, Geothrix fermentans, and Bacillus thermocloacae with similarity value 100% for each strain. Conclusion: These results proposed that SIW bacterial communities in the anodic biofilm have balanced symbiotic behavior, which has been translated into the bioelectricity production in parallel with the SIW substrate treatment.
This study investigated the bioelectrical performance of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SC... more This study investigated the bioelectrical performance of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) fueled with acetate as the electron donor and inoculated with municipal solid waste rejected fractions (MSWRFs) as a microbial inoculum. The molecular characterization of the bacterial community structures of the anodic biofilm was conducted based on 16s RNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that the highest open-circuit voltage (OCV) was 797 mV and the system had a maximum power density of 134.5 mW/m2 at a stable current density of 328 mA/m2. The microbial fuel cell’s (MFC) columbic efficiency (CE) was 55% at a maximum substrate degradation rate of about 86.6% based on COD removal efficiency. The molecular analysis of the anodic bacterial isolates indicated that the phylogenetic bacterial mixture was dominated by seven strains with similarity percentage above 99% for each strain: Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus sp., Bacillus subterranous, Enterobacter ce...
Identification of common signals of nodulation control among legume species will facilitate pro... more Identification of common signals of nodulation control among legume species will facilitate progress in enhancing symbiotic nitrogen fixation of legumes in sustainable agriculture system. Grafting experiments between soybean and common bean were carried out to evaluate whether a common shoot signals control the expression of hypernodulation among the tow species. Grafting of a hypernodulating soybean mutant NOD1-3 shoots to three cultivars of normally nodulating common bean roots resulted in hypernodulation on roots of three tested cultivars of common bean. The shoot control of hypernodulation may be causally related to differential root isoflavonoid levels, which are also controlled by shoot factors. Isoflavonoid analysis from root extracts of grafted plants showed that NOD1-3 shoots had markedly higher root isoflavonoid concentrations in roots of both NOD1-3 and common bean cv. Adzuki compared with self-grafts of common bean Adzuki. Exogenous application of daidzein, genistein, ...
Effects of the pesticides Afugan, Brominal, Gramoxone, Selecron and Sumi Oil on growth, nodulatio... more Effects of the pesticides Afugan, Brominal, Gramoxone, Selecron and Sumi Oil on growth, nodulation and root colonisation by arbuscular mycrrhizal (AM) fungi of the legumes cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Lupin (Lupinus albus L.) were determined. The growth of all plants was inhibited by pesticide application, but this effect varied with the pesticide and plant species. Nodule formation was significantly inhibited in cowpea after 20 days of planting by all pesticides tested. Following the initial decrease, there was recovery from the inhibitory effects at 40 and 60 days after planting. Although the number of nodules on common bean and lupin did not differ from control at 20 days after planting, differences were evident during the later stages of plant growth. The pesticides significantly inhibited AM root colonisation and the number of spores in all legumes, but on the other hand, spore formation was stimulated in pesticide-treated cowpea 60 days after planting. The accumulation of N, P and K in pesticide-treated plants was lower than in control plants. Growth and nutrient status of the legumes varied with nodulation and AM colonisation. The results suggest that pesticides affect plant growth, Rhizobium/Bradyrhizobium and AM fungi at different stages of plant growth and effects varied with pesticide and plant species.
Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae strain TAL 1236 growing on different organic P compounds as... more Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viceae strain TAL 1236 growing on different organic P compounds as sources of phosphate exhibited phosphatase activities. The strain was able to produce both acid and alkaline phosphatase. However, its ability to produce alkaline phosphatase was much higher. When cellular phosphate fell to 0.115% of cell protein, cellular and extracellular phosphatase activities were enhanced. Mg 2+, Co 2+, and Ca z+ stimulated the activity of alkaline phosphatase more than acid phosphatase. However, Mn 2+ and Fe 2+ activated acid phosphatase rather than alkaline phosphatase. It may be concluded that R. leguminosarum contributes significantly to the release of P from organic compounds through the action of phosphatase which can be activated by a range of cations.
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, Feb 1, 2012
ABSTRACT A rhizobial isolate was recovered from the root nodule of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) ... more ABSTRACT A rhizobial isolate was recovered from the root nodule of the faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grown in sludgecontaminated fields in Upper Egypt. The isolate was identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae on the bases of phenotypic characteristics and sequences of the gene encoding 16S rRNA. The isolate was resistant to heavy metal stress in decreasing order Ba2þ (80 ppm), Zn2þ (70 ppm), Co2þ (50), Al3þ (40 ppm), Ni2þ (30 ppm), and Cd2þ (10 ppm). The rhizobial isolate was used as an efficient biosorbent for Cd2þ and Co2þ removal from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacities for Cd2þ and Co2þ biosorption calculated from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm were 135.3 and 167.5 mg g�1, respectively. The adsorption isotherm for both heavy metals fit well with the Langmuir isotherm rather than the Freundlich model with correlation coefficient (r2&amp;gt;0.98). This study indicates that the R. leguminosarum bv. viciae isolate STDF-Egypt19 can be useful as an inexpensive and efficient bioremediation technology to remove and recover heavy metal ions from an aqueous solution.
Bacteriology course is an introduction to the study of bacteria and their interrelationships with... more Bacteriology course is an introduction to the study of bacteria and their interrelationships with humans and environments. General bacteriology concepts such as bacterial structure, growth, and control of bacterial growth are applied to such medically, biological and agricultural related topics as control and pathogenicity of bacteria. The Chapters concern phylogeny of prokaryotes, structure, function, growth, control of growth, regulation of enzymes, and environment. Bacteriology should be taken by students majoring in basic biological sciences such as biochemistry, genetics or molecular biology, botany as well as by students planning careers in medicine, veterinary sciences, agriculture or pharmacy. The text is supplemented by boxed items of the objectives and special interests or activity, and each chapter concludes with a useful for quick revision as well as self-assessment questions to provide summative evaluation of what readers have learned. The goals of this book to present lectures in a simple form giving the required information that may help to increase the undergraduate readers.
It is known that the soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) genotype PI 417566 has restricted nodule de... more It is known that the soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) genotype PI 417566 has restricted nodule development when inoculated with Bradyrhizobium [aponicum strain USDA 110 and grown at low temperature. The current experiments were conducted to determine if the restricted nodulation of PI 417566 roots could be overcome by grafting them to a hypemodulated shoot, since it is known that grafted shoots of hypemodulated mutants induce hypemodulation on roots of normally nodulated soybean. Reciprocally-and self-grafted NODl-3 (a hypemodulation mutant) and PI 417566 (a plant restricted nodulation genotype) plants were evaluated for nodulation in a growth chamber at constant 20°C. Seedling roots of self-grafted PI 417566 were normally nodulated when inoculated with USDA 123, while USDA 110 resulted in restricted nodulation. Grafting of NODl-3 shoots to PI 417566 roots did not enhance nodulation when inoculated with USDA 110, but did enhance nodulation when inoculated with USDA 123. It appears that the shoot of NODl-3 has the ability to alter autoregulatory control of nodulation of the PI 417566 genotype only when challenged with a compatible rhizobial strain.
Supplemental material, Supplementary data for Fungi-induced paint deterioration and air contamina... more Supplemental material, Supplementary data for Fungi-induced paint deterioration and air contamination in the Assiut University hospital, Egypt by Ismail R. Abdel-Rahim, Nivien A. Nafady, Magdy M. K. Bagy, Mohamed H. Abd-Alla and Ahmad M. Abd-Alkader in Indoor and Built Environment
Microbial synthesis of β-carotene has gained more interest as an alternative to synthetic β-carot... more Microbial synthesis of β-carotene has gained more interest as an alternative to synthetic β-carotene due to easy extraction and high yield. The vitamin microbial production is mainly dependent on culture conditions and the medium compositions. In this study, the β-carotene production by the <em>Rhodotorula glutinis</em> ASU6 (KU550702) was evaluated under different growth conditions and nutrient composition. Different agro-renewable wastes were tested as carbon source for <em>R. glutinis</em> to obtain maximum amount of β-carotene. Meanwhile, it is clear that <em>R. glutinis</em> could grow well on acid extract of onion peels and produced large amount of β-carotene. Initial statistical screening using a Plackett-Burman design showed temperature, incubation time, fermentation type, non-treated onion waste, KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and L-asparagine as significantly, influencing β-carotene production. Response surface meth...
Most immunosuppressive agents were initially developed as antibiotics produced by the genus <e... more Most immunosuppressive agents were initially developed as antibiotics produced by the genus <em>Streptomyces</em>. This investigation was devoted to explore the bioactive metabolite of the <em>Streptomyces variabilis</em> ASU319 extract and testing the purified active compound of this extract as an immunosuppressive agent in rats blood. Elucidation of the chemical structure and optimization of the active compound were studied as well. Antimicrobial activity was conducted using agar-well diffusion and disc diffusion assays. The antimicrobial metabolite was extracted from the fermentation broth by ethyl acetate and purified by TLC and silica gel column chromatography. The pure active compound was then subjected to spectroscopic analyses: <sup>1</sup>H NMR, Elemental analysis, IR and Mass spectra. The active antimicrobial compound was tested as an immunosuppressive agent by injection in the rat blood and the complete blood count (CBC) was determined....
the genus Streptomyces recovered from rhizospheric soil of Triticum vulgaris, Zea mays and Vicia ... more the genus Streptomyces recovered from rhizospheric soil of Triticum vulgaris, Zea mays and Vicia faba cultivated in Assuit and New Valley Governorates of Egypt, ten isolates were capable of producing high amounts of L-glutaminase enzyme. The most potent L-glutaminase producer isolate was Streptomyces sp. ASU319 recovered from rhizosphere of Triticum vulgaris. The higher producer actinomycete isolate was identified by sequencing of 16S rRNA as Streptomyces variabilis ASU319 and was deposited in the GenBank nucleotide sequence database under accession number KC145278. Factors affecting L-glutaminase production by the Streptomyces variabilis ASU319(KC145278) were examined and the results revealed that the maximum L-glutaminase value was obtained when the isolate cultivated in the production broth medium supplemented by glutamine 8 mg/ml, adjusted at pH 4 and incubated at 35 °C. These results suggest that L-glutaminase-producing Streptomyces variabilis ASU319 could be used as a plant gr...
This study was devoted to exploring the natural nodulation and nitrogen fixation of wild legumes ... more This study was devoted to exploring the natural nodulation and nitrogen fixation of wild legumes grown in different Egyptian habitats. These habitats are representative to four phytogeographical regions. Sites that inhabited by Melilotus indicus, Medicago polymorpha, Trifolium resupinatum, Trigonella hamosa and Vicia sativa in each region were selected for study. High nodulation, nitrogen fixation and plant biomass were recorded in plants grown at Nile region and Oases compared with those at Mediterranean region and Sinai. The inhibition in nodulation and potential of nitrogen fixation in legumes at MR and S were attributed to drought and low soil fertility. Differences in species, regions or their interaction have significant effect on nodulation, legheamoglobin, nitroginase activity and biomass of nodules, shoots and roots; the magnitude of effect due to different species was the greatest. Five rhizobial isolates ( Sinorhizobium fredii , Rhizobium mesosinicum, Rhizobium daejeonens...
Bioelectricity production from wastewater beside treatment is the main goal offered by microbial ... more Bioelectricity production from wastewater beside treatment is the main goal offered by microbial fuel cells (MFCs) technology. This study was demonstrated to evaluating the electricity generated by the double-chamber air-cathodic MFC while reducing pollutants from sugar industry wastewater (SIW). A simple double-chamber MFC was configured with Nafion 117 membrane, and operated without adding any chemical mediators. SIW used as an electron donor and was fed in batchmode into the MFC for three consecutive operational cycles. While the maximum MFC output voltage in open circuit (OCV) mode was 890 mV after 24 operational days, the closed circuit voltage (CCV) was 340 mV when 550 ohm as external load was applied. From the polarization curve, the maximum power density of 160.16 mW/m2 as power output was observed at a current density of 320.9 mA/m2. The efficiency of the MFC was measured based on columbic efficiency (CE) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate. While the CE was 46%, ...
Aim This study aims to use fermentation waste of ethanol production (solid and liquid) for ribofl... more Aim This study aims to use fermentation waste of ethanol production (solid and liquid) for riboflavin and recycling of bacterial biomass as biofertilizers to enhance the growth of some oily crop plants. Methods and Results Out of 10 yeast isolates from fresh milk, Clavispora lusitaniae ASU 33 (MN583181) was able to ferment different concentrations of glucose (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) into ethanol with high efficiency at 10%. Among seven non-Lactobacillus bacterial isolates recovered from cheese samples, two bacterial isolates Bacillus subtlis-SR2 (MT002768) and Novosphingobium panipatense-SR3 (MT002778) were selected for their high riboflavin production. Different media (control medium, fermentation waste medium and a mixture of the fermentation waste medium and control medium [1:1]) were used for riboflavin production. These media were inoculated by a single or mixture of B. subtlis-SR2, N. panipatense-SR3. The addition of the waste medium of ethanol production to the cont...
Soils may be contaminated by oily wastewater during both upstream and downstream oil and gas prod... more Soils may be contaminated by oily wastewater during both upstream and downstream oil and gas production processes such as extraction, transportation, and refining. Oil-contaminated sites could nonetheless be used for agricultural purposes in arid regions provided they are managed appropriately. The present study introduces the successful application of a novel nitrogen-fixing, aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial isolate for the bioremediation of agricultural soils contaminated by oily wastewater. The isolate was recovered from uncontaminated soil and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-SR1 (MH634684). It successfully utilized various aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene as its sole carbon source and presented with plant growth promoting (PGP) properties such as indoleacetic acid and ammonia production and phosphate solubilization. The efficacy of this novel S. maltophilia-SR1-N 2 fixing bacterial isolate at reducing aromatic hydrocarbon toxicity of oily wastewater was validated by its ability to promote the growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivated in soils contaminated with oily wastewater. Inoculating S. maltophilia-SR1 on canola growing in soil amended with different concentrations of oily wastewater significantly increased chlorophyll content and soluble carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids compared with uninoculated plants. Oily wastewater contamination induced the accumulation of high levels of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide and caused plasma membrane degradation in uninoculated canola plants. In contrast, the presence of S. maltophilia-SR1 in soil contaminated with various oily wastewater concentrations upregulated nitrate, total nitrogen, nitrate reductase, and nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in the plants. It also markedly suppressed oxidative and nitrosative stress induced by oily wastewater. The findings of the present study lay theoretical and empirical foundations for the optimization of canola cultivation on agricultural soils contaminated by oily wastewater.
Background: Evaluation of the electricity generated by the single-chamber mediator–less microbial... more Background: Evaluation of the electricity generated by the single-chamber mediator–less microbial fuel cell (MFC) fed with sugar industry wastewater (SIW), besides the characterization of bacterial diversity of anodic biofilm. Results: The maximum MFC voltage in open circuit (OCV) mode was 911 mV after 24 operational days, while the closed-circuit voltage (CCV) was 360 mV when 550 Ω as the external load applied. From the polarization curve, the maximum power density of 189.16 mW/m2 as power output was observed at a current density of 370.9 mA/m2. The efficiency of the MFC was measured based on coulombic efficiency and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate. While the CE was 51%, the COD removal efficiency reached 90.4%. The anodic biofilm bacterial diversity was observed through several identifying morphologically, microscopy, and molecularly. The anodic biofilm phylogenetic bacterial consortia based on the molecular analysis of 16S rRNA sequences was indicated seven dominant strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lactobacillus sp., Enterococcus sp., Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus methanolicus, Geothrix fermentans, and Bacillus thermocloacae with similarity value 100% for each strain. Conclusion: These results proposed that SIW bacterial communities in the anodic biofilm have balanced symbiotic behavior, which has been translated into the bioelectricity production in parallel with the SIW substrate treatment.
This study investigated the bioelectrical performance of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SC... more This study investigated the bioelectrical performance of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) fueled with acetate as the electron donor and inoculated with municipal solid waste rejected fractions (MSWRFs) as a microbial inoculum. The molecular characterization of the bacterial community structures of the anodic biofilm was conducted based on 16s RNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that the highest open-circuit voltage (OCV) was 797 mV and the system had a maximum power density of 134.5 mW/m2 at a stable current density of 328 mA/m2. The microbial fuel cell’s (MFC) columbic efficiency (CE) was 55% at a maximum substrate degradation rate of about 86.6% based on COD removal efficiency. The molecular analysis of the anodic bacterial isolates indicated that the phylogenetic bacterial mixture was dominated by seven strains with similarity percentage above 99% for each strain: Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus sp., Bacillus subterranous, Enterobacter ce...
Identification of common signals of nodulation control among legume species will facilitate pro... more Identification of common signals of nodulation control among legume species will facilitate progress in enhancing symbiotic nitrogen fixation of legumes in sustainable agriculture system. Grafting experiments between soybean and common bean were carried out to evaluate whether a common shoot signals control the expression of hypernodulation among the tow species. Grafting of a hypernodulating soybean mutant NOD1-3 shoots to three cultivars of normally nodulating common bean roots resulted in hypernodulation on roots of three tested cultivars of common bean. The shoot control of hypernodulation may be causally related to differential root isoflavonoid levels, which are also controlled by shoot factors. Isoflavonoid analysis from root extracts of grafted plants showed that NOD1-3 shoots had markedly higher root isoflavonoid concentrations in roots of both NOD1-3 and common bean cv. Adzuki compared with self-grafts of common bean Adzuki. Exogenous application of daidzein, genistein, ...
Uploads
Papers by Mohamed Hemida Abd-Alla