Abdelelah Mohamed Elhassan

The main objective of this study is to investigate and establish the relationship between some socio-cultural and work conditions of pesticides use and some human health problems. Field visits were conducted as survey methods. Ninety vegetable tenants or agricultural workers were randomly taken from four villages, dispersed over three regions in the Gezira Scheme, where such villages are traditionally known for their engagement in vegetable production. A questionnaire covering some work conditions of pesticides use and some areas of human healthy problems, was developed as a tool to collect the required data. The collected data was analyzed using the analytical aid programme (SPSS). The chi-square tests were used to measure the level of significance. A confidence level of 0.05 was adopted as significant for all analyses performed. The major findings of the study were the following: The test of significance showed that there was insignificant association between the acute pesticides ...

Clean and safe drinking water is important for the overall health and wellbeing; therefore, access to safe potable drinking water is one of the basic amenities of humankind, especially in urban areas with high consumption pattern of the large population inhabiting these spaces. Among the various sources of water, groundwater is considered to be the safest source of drinking water. However, due to rapid industrialization and population growth, the groundwater resources are getting polluted with harmful contaminants. These contaminants can be chemical or microbiological and cause various health problems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 80 percent of all diseases in the world are directly or indirectly related to the contamination of water. Water in its natural state is colorless, odorless, and free from pathogens with pH in the range of 6.5–8.5. This water is termed as “potable water.” In the present study, the researchers have made an attempt to assess the phy...

Groundwater is a globally important and valuable resource for all aspects of life, human activities and development. It constitutes a major portion of the earth water circulatory system known as hydrologic cycle and occurs in permeable geologic formulations known as aquifers. It acts as a reservoir of water to that provides "buffer storage" during drought period. Vulnerability assessments may or may not account for the different behavior of different contaminants in the environment. There are two general types of vulnerability assessments, the first addresses specific vulnerability referring to specific contaminants and the second addresses intrinsic vulnerability. The overall utility of the vulnerability assessment is highly dependent on the scale at which it is conducted. The main objective of this research work is to assess vulnerability of groundwater in Khartoum State (Sudan) to contamination and to determine the extent of actual contamination. Biological, chemical, p...

Considerable attention has been subjected towards the hazards of Petroleum Stations activities and their expected impacts on health and environment. This study involved 15 fuel stations in Khartoum State, Sudan. Three cities were selected for the study, including Greater Khartoum, Khartoum North, and Omdurman. The study aims to assess the pollutants concentrations that could be produced by these selected fuel stations activities on the surrounding environment regarding air, soil, and underground water. The study adopted a scientific method including environmental measurements of sound levels, Air quality Monitoring (CO, SO2, NO2, TVOC’s, and PM10), Soil and Car Washing Waste Water analysis. The results revealed that the ambient air averages for NO2, and TVOC’s, parameters were exceeding both National (SSMO) and FEPA recommended limits; while SO2 was not detected. Regarding Soils and Car washing waste water, the results showed the contamination by both Pb and Cd (Lead and Cadmium), a...

Malaria is one of water bone-disease and endemic disease in Sudan especially in Gezira state. Insect's resistance to insecticides becomes one of threats factors in using of insecticides for controlling mosquitoes. This research work aimed to determine the relationship between malaria cases and susceptibility of anopheles arabiensis to six insecticides in Gezira State Central Sudan. About (1250) of anopheles larvae were collected from different sites in the study area, rearing up to adults stages. Susceptibility test conducted using WHO method and bottle bioassay were applied using CDC criteria. Arabiensis were recorded after 10, 15, 20, 30, 50 and 60 min of exposure and percentage mortality after 24 hr for each insecticide were determined. In addition, KDT50 KDT95 were calculated with 95% CL. for DDT 4% (38.0 and 68.5), Deltamethrin 0.5% (27.27 and 53.07), Malathion 5% (12.96 and 36.58), Bendiocarb 0.1% (18.44 and 33.71), Permethrin 0.75% (26.12 and 67.50) and Fenitrothion 1% (4...

As many of the developing countries in the world, Sudan depends heavily on the biomass energy sources as a major source of energy for household and traditional industries sectors. Recently, the biomass energy accounts for more than (61%) of the total energy consumption in the national energy balance. The dependence on the biomass energy sources creates serious environmental problems including desertification and climatic changes in many of the rural areas. Sudan is rich in agricultural residues in both irrigated and rain fed agricultural sectors. The country launched a new energy and environmentally sound policy to encourage the transfer of advanced sustainable biomass energy technologies. The policy is based on the optimal and efficient utilization of the available agricultural residues by the implementation of biomass renewable energy technologies. The main objectives of this paper are to highlight the filed experience on using biomass gasifier-based project for decentralized powe...

As many of the developing countries in the world, Sudan depends heavily on the biomass energy sources as a major source of energy for household and traditional industries sectors. Recently, the biomass energy accounts for more than (61%) of the total energy consumption in the national energy balance. The dependence on the biomass energy sources creates serious environmental problems including desertification and climatic changes in many of the rural areas. Sudan is rich in agricultural residues in both irrigated and rain fed agricultural sectors. The country launched a new energy and environmentally sound policy to encourage the transfer of advanced sustainable biomass energy technologies. The policy is based on the optimal and efficient utilization of the available agricultural residues by the implementation of biomass renewable energy technologies. The main objectives of this paper are to highlight the filed experience on using biomass gasifier-based project for decentralized powe...