International journal of paediatric dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children, 2005
A pilot study aimed to compare the microleakage of pit and fissure sealants in acid-etched and Er... more A pilot study aimed to compare the microleakage of pit and fissure sealants in acid-etched and Erbium:Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Er:YAG)-treated enamel. Forty permanent noncarious young molars and premolars, which were extracted for orthodontic reasons, were selected. The teeth were divided into four groups, with five molars and five premolars in each group. The groups were treated as follows: (1) group A--laser irradiation of the enamel of the occlusal surface without contact and in scanning mode was carried out using an Er:YAG laser, placement of sealant material, light curing, and thermocycling between 6 degrees and 55 degrees C; (2) group B--the same as group A, but with no thermocycling; (3) group C--acid etching of the enamel surface, placement of sealant material, light curing and thermocycling; and (4) group D--the same as group C, but with no thermocycling. After being immersed in 1% methylene blue solution, all teeth were sectioned in the mesio-distal dimension into four sl...
The C-shaped canal is unusual. It is most frequently reported in mandibular molars. A case of bil... more The C-shaped canal is unusual. It is most frequently reported in mandibular molars. A case of bilateral C-shaped canals in maxillary molars is reported here.
Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995), 2003
This article describes the principles of laser operation and the clinical application of laser te... more This article describes the principles of laser operation and the clinical application of laser technology in the different fields of dentistry. It discusses the use of the Er:YAG laser in restorative dentistry, pediatric dentistry, and periodontics, as well as the introduction of a new side-firing spiral tip for efficient cleaning of the root canal system by means of lateral laser irradiation. Although the Er:YAG laser is used mostly on enamel and dentin, the gingival depigmentation procedure using this laser also is described. Clinical applications of the CO2 and diode lasers on soft tissues, particularly in the fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery and perodontics, are explained. Because teeth whitening for esthetic reasons has gained increasing popularity in dentistry, the application of diode lasers for this purpose is discussed. All the dental laser procedures described in this article are conducted at the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine and are further ...
... Address requests for reprints to Dr. Adam Stabholz, Department of Endedontics, The Hebrew Uni... more ... Address requests for reprints to Dr. Adam Stabholz, Department of Endedontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, POB 1172, Jerusalem 91010, Israel. ... Holcomb JQ, Pitts DE Eededontic treatment of an anomalous mandib-ular molar. ...
Fresh intact human teeth were cut and treated with 3 commonly used gutta-percha solvents: chlorof... more Fresh intact human teeth were cut and treated with 3 commonly used gutta-percha solvents: chloroform, xylene, and Endosolv-E. Treatment consisted of embedding the specimens of each group for 15 or 30 min in the test solution. After each time interval, the specimens were rinsed, dried, and prepared for surface energy dispersive spectrometric analysis. The calcium and phosphorus levels in each specimen were recorded and the differences between the test groups were statistically analyzed. The changes in the calcium and phosphorus levels following treatment with the gutta-percha solvents were minimal and statistically nonsignificant.
The application of Nd:YAG laser to tooth surface can change its surface permeability. The purpose... more The application of Nd:YAG laser to tooth surface can change its surface permeability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Nd:YAG laser on the permeability of dentin following apicoectomy and retrofill. Sixty single-rooted teeth were randomly assigned to six groups of 10 teeth each. The six groups were arranged in three pairs, experimental and control groups. The canals of teeth in pairs 1 and 2 were cleaned, shaped, obturated, and their apical 2 mm were resected. A class I preparation was prepared and filled with amalgam in each tooth in pair 1. The apical 2 mm of each tooth in pair 3 was removed, and a class I preparation was prepared and filled with amalgam. The apical surface of resected roots in half of the samples in each pair was lased twice by using Nd:YAG laser. The duration of lasing and the number of pulses were recorded for each tooth. After application of nail polish to the unoperated surface of each tooth, the teeth were placed in 0.5% methylene blue dye for 48 h. The amount of dye penetration in sagittal sections of each tooth was measured. The amount of dye penetration was significantly lower in lased roots than in nonlased ones (p < 0.05). Based on our results, it appears that application of Nd:YAG laser reduces the permeability of resected roots.
Root hypersensitivity occurs as a result of exposed dentinal tubules. Various methods and materia... more Root hypersensitivity occurs as a result of exposed dentinal tubules. Various methods and materials have been tried in an attempt to occlude these tubules. The purpose of this investigation was to study by scanning electron microscope the effects of XeCl excimer laser on exposed dentinal tubules of human extracted teeth. Fifteen 3-mm-thick slices were cut at the cementoenamel junction from 15 extracted human teeth by an electric saw. By using a diamond bur to remove the cementum layer the dentinal tubules were exposed. Each slice was scored by a permanent marker into four equal quadrants. Three of the quadrants were lased for 4 s by XeCl excimer laser with fluences ranging from 0.5 to 7.0 J/cm2 and pulse repetition of 25 Hz. The unlased quadrant served as control. The specimens were mounted on a stub, sputter coated by gold, and examined by scanning electron microscope. Nonlased surfaces showed numerous exposed dentinal tubules. In contrast, all specimens lased at fluences of up to 1 J/cm2 showed the presence of melted dentin which closed the dentinal tubules. At fluences of 4 J/cm2 and higher, rupture of molten materials and exposure of dentinal tubules were noted. The results indicate the application of XeCl excimer laser at specific fluences can cause melting of dentin and closure of exposed dentinal tubules.
Endodontic instrumentation, irrigation, or intracanal medication are unable to totally remove int... more Endodontic instrumentation, irrigation, or intracanal medication are unable to totally remove intracanal debris. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of argon laser irradiation in removing debris from the root canal system. After cleaning and shaping, 12 single rooted teeth were randomly divided into two groups of six teeth each. The first group, which served as the control, was not lased. In the second group, a 300 microns argon laser fiber optic was introduced into the root canal of each tooth, to its working length. Fifteen pulses of 100 msec each with an energy of 2 watts were delivered for 5 seconds at the apex. The lasing procedure was repeated at 1 mm intervals along the root canal, and the fiber tip was retrieved from the apex to the orifice. Computerized scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the amount of debris in the lased group was significantly lower than that in the control (p = 0.0001). On the basis of these results, it appeared that intracanal argon laser irradiation was an efficient mean of removing intracanal debris.
The effect of iron chloride on an in vitro acid attack of human enamel was studied. Slices of tee... more The effect of iron chloride on an in vitro acid attack of human enamel was studied. Slices of teeth were covered with varnish except for a window left on one of the enamel surfaces for exposure. The iron salt was used as a supplement to acid gel, or as pretreatment of the enamel surfaces before exposure to the pure gel. Differences in light transmission of the experimental and control specimen from the radiographs taken before and after immersion in the decalcifying media were assessed quantitatively. The increase in radio-opacity of the enamel sections incubated in the iron-containing acid media was attributed to a lower degree of enamel decalcification.
International journal of paediatric dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children, 2005
A pilot study aimed to compare the microleakage of pit and fissure sealants in acid-etched and Er... more A pilot study aimed to compare the microleakage of pit and fissure sealants in acid-etched and Erbium:Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Er:YAG)-treated enamel. Forty permanent noncarious young molars and premolars, which were extracted for orthodontic reasons, were selected. The teeth were divided into four groups, with five molars and five premolars in each group. The groups were treated as follows: (1) group A--laser irradiation of the enamel of the occlusal surface without contact and in scanning mode was carried out using an Er:YAG laser, placement of sealant material, light curing, and thermocycling between 6 degrees and 55 degrees C; (2) group B--the same as group A, but with no thermocycling; (3) group C--acid etching of the enamel surface, placement of sealant material, light curing and thermocycling; and (4) group D--the same as group C, but with no thermocycling. After being immersed in 1% methylene blue solution, all teeth were sectioned in the mesio-distal dimension into four sl...
The C-shaped canal is unusual. It is most frequently reported in mandibular molars. A case of bil... more The C-shaped canal is unusual. It is most frequently reported in mandibular molars. A case of bilateral C-shaped canals in maxillary molars is reported here.
Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995), 2003
This article describes the principles of laser operation and the clinical application of laser te... more This article describes the principles of laser operation and the clinical application of laser technology in the different fields of dentistry. It discusses the use of the Er:YAG laser in restorative dentistry, pediatric dentistry, and periodontics, as well as the introduction of a new side-firing spiral tip for efficient cleaning of the root canal system by means of lateral laser irradiation. Although the Er:YAG laser is used mostly on enamel and dentin, the gingival depigmentation procedure using this laser also is described. Clinical applications of the CO2 and diode lasers on soft tissues, particularly in the fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery and perodontics, are explained. Because teeth whitening for esthetic reasons has gained increasing popularity in dentistry, the application of diode lasers for this purpose is discussed. All the dental laser procedures described in this article are conducted at the Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine and are further ...
... Address requests for reprints to Dr. Adam Stabholz, Department of Endedontics, The Hebrew Uni... more ... Address requests for reprints to Dr. Adam Stabholz, Department of Endedontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, POB 1172, Jerusalem 91010, Israel. ... Holcomb JQ, Pitts DE Eededontic treatment of an anomalous mandib-ular molar. ...
Fresh intact human teeth were cut and treated with 3 commonly used gutta-percha solvents: chlorof... more Fresh intact human teeth were cut and treated with 3 commonly used gutta-percha solvents: chloroform, xylene, and Endosolv-E. Treatment consisted of embedding the specimens of each group for 15 or 30 min in the test solution. After each time interval, the specimens were rinsed, dried, and prepared for surface energy dispersive spectrometric analysis. The calcium and phosphorus levels in each specimen were recorded and the differences between the test groups were statistically analyzed. The changes in the calcium and phosphorus levels following treatment with the gutta-percha solvents were minimal and statistically nonsignificant.
The application of Nd:YAG laser to tooth surface can change its surface permeability. The purpose... more The application of Nd:YAG laser to tooth surface can change its surface permeability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Nd:YAG laser on the permeability of dentin following apicoectomy and retrofill. Sixty single-rooted teeth were randomly assigned to six groups of 10 teeth each. The six groups were arranged in three pairs, experimental and control groups. The canals of teeth in pairs 1 and 2 were cleaned, shaped, obturated, and their apical 2 mm were resected. A class I preparation was prepared and filled with amalgam in each tooth in pair 1. The apical 2 mm of each tooth in pair 3 was removed, and a class I preparation was prepared and filled with amalgam. The apical surface of resected roots in half of the samples in each pair was lased twice by using Nd:YAG laser. The duration of lasing and the number of pulses were recorded for each tooth. After application of nail polish to the unoperated surface of each tooth, the teeth were placed in 0.5% methylene blue dye for 48 h. The amount of dye penetration in sagittal sections of each tooth was measured. The amount of dye penetration was significantly lower in lased roots than in nonlased ones (p < 0.05). Based on our results, it appears that application of Nd:YAG laser reduces the permeability of resected roots.
Root hypersensitivity occurs as a result of exposed dentinal tubules. Various methods and materia... more Root hypersensitivity occurs as a result of exposed dentinal tubules. Various methods and materials have been tried in an attempt to occlude these tubules. The purpose of this investigation was to study by scanning electron microscope the effects of XeCl excimer laser on exposed dentinal tubules of human extracted teeth. Fifteen 3-mm-thick slices were cut at the cementoenamel junction from 15 extracted human teeth by an electric saw. By using a diamond bur to remove the cementum layer the dentinal tubules were exposed. Each slice was scored by a permanent marker into four equal quadrants. Three of the quadrants were lased for 4 s by XeCl excimer laser with fluences ranging from 0.5 to 7.0 J/cm2 and pulse repetition of 25 Hz. The unlased quadrant served as control. The specimens were mounted on a stub, sputter coated by gold, and examined by scanning electron microscope. Nonlased surfaces showed numerous exposed dentinal tubules. In contrast, all specimens lased at fluences of up to 1 J/cm2 showed the presence of melted dentin which closed the dentinal tubules. At fluences of 4 J/cm2 and higher, rupture of molten materials and exposure of dentinal tubules were noted. The results indicate the application of XeCl excimer laser at specific fluences can cause melting of dentin and closure of exposed dentinal tubules.
Endodontic instrumentation, irrigation, or intracanal medication are unable to totally remove int... more Endodontic instrumentation, irrigation, or intracanal medication are unable to totally remove intracanal debris. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of argon laser irradiation in removing debris from the root canal system. After cleaning and shaping, 12 single rooted teeth were randomly divided into two groups of six teeth each. The first group, which served as the control, was not lased. In the second group, a 300 microns argon laser fiber optic was introduced into the root canal of each tooth, to its working length. Fifteen pulses of 100 msec each with an energy of 2 watts were delivered for 5 seconds at the apex. The lasing procedure was repeated at 1 mm intervals along the root canal, and the fiber tip was retrieved from the apex to the orifice. Computerized scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the amount of debris in the lased group was significantly lower than that in the control (p = 0.0001). On the basis of these results, it appeared that intracanal argon laser irradiation was an efficient mean of removing intracanal debris.
The effect of iron chloride on an in vitro acid attack of human enamel was studied. Slices of tee... more The effect of iron chloride on an in vitro acid attack of human enamel was studied. Slices of teeth were covered with varnish except for a window left on one of the enamel surfaces for exposure. The iron salt was used as a supplement to acid gel, or as pretreatment of the enamel surfaces before exposure to the pure gel. Differences in light transmission of the experimental and control specimen from the radiographs taken before and after immersion in the decalcifying media were assessed quantitatively. The increase in radio-opacity of the enamel sections incubated in the iron-containing acid media was attributed to a lower degree of enamel decalcification.
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