India is one of the key players in the global floriculture scene, according to research (Gharge e... more India is one of the key players in the global floriculture scene, according to research (Gharge et al., 2011). There is an obligation to use modern crop production methods like protected cultivation as a result of factors like population growth, climate change, increased demand for high-quality produce, shrinking land holdings and increased pressure on resources. The objective of this study is to discuss the socio economics status of flower growers, economics of protected cultivation technology of flower crops and problems faced by the growers in Sirmour District of Himachal Pradesh. In the study area, the average family size, sex ratio and literacy rate were found to be 5.14 persons, 761 and 92.45 per cent respectively. The Costs A 1 , B 2 , D, gross income, net income and output input ratio in case of carnation cultivation under protected conditions were ₹242.87, ₹255.67 and ₹302.75 per square metre, ₹898.45, ₹595.70 and 2.96 respectively, whereas, in case of lilies, Cost A 1 , B 2 , D, gross income, net income and output input ratio were ₹756.98, ₹853.86 and ₹954.34 per square meter respectively,₹2675.88, ₹1721.54 and 2.80 respectively. The main problems faced in the study area were lack of availability of healthy planting material, Lack of availability of regulated market, Lack of availability of chemicals and irrigation and shortage of skilled labour.
The contribution of Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have been acknowledged globally by the rur... more The contribution of Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have been acknowledged globally by the rural people for their role in collection of essential NTFPs, income generation, livelihood improvement and rural development. The potential of NTFP based bioeconomy has given new dimensions to forest dwellers, significantly affecting the economies of forest dwellers. Therefore present study investigates the livelihood contribution, quantity inequality and determinant socio-economic factors of NTFPs extraction in the Kinnaur district. A multistage random sampling technique was employed to collect data through participatory household-based surveys from different households. Compare to other income sources, such as crop production, livestock breeding, and off-farm activities, NTFPs accounted for the second largest income share of total household income. Despite the fact that wealthier households generated more NTFP income overall, our research shows that poorer households rely more on this so...
India is one of the key players in the global floriculture scene, according to research (Gharge e... more India is one of the key players in the global floriculture scene, according to research (Gharge et al., 2011). There is an obligation to use modern crop production methods like protected cultivation as a result of factors like population growth, climate change, increased demand for high-quality produce, shrinking land holdings and increased pressure on resources. The objective of this study is to discuss the socio economics status of flower growers, economics of protected cultivation technology of flower crops and problems faced by the growers in Sirmour District of Himachal Pradesh. In the study area, the average family size, sex ratio and literacy rate were found to be 5.14 persons, 761 and 92.45 per cent respectively. The Costs A 1 , B 2 , D, gross income, net income and output input ratio in case of carnation cultivation under protected conditions were ₹242.87, ₹255.67 and ₹302.75 per square metre, ₹898.45, ₹595.70 and 2.96 respectively, whereas, in case of lilies, Cost A 1 , B 2 , D, gross income, net income and output input ratio were ₹756.98, ₹853.86 and ₹954.34 per square meter respectively,₹2675.88, ₹1721.54 and 2.80 respectively. The main problems faced in the study area were lack of availability of healthy planting material, Lack of availability of regulated market, Lack of availability of chemicals and irrigation and shortage of skilled labour.
The contribution of Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have been acknowledged globally by the rur... more The contribution of Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) have been acknowledged globally by the rural people for their role in collection of essential NTFPs, income generation, livelihood improvement and rural development. The potential of NTFP based bioeconomy has given new dimensions to forest dwellers, significantly affecting the economies of forest dwellers. Therefore present study investigates the livelihood contribution, quantity inequality and determinant socio-economic factors of NTFPs extraction in the Kinnaur district. A multistage random sampling technique was employed to collect data through participatory household-based surveys from different households. Compare to other income sources, such as crop production, livestock breeding, and off-farm activities, NTFPs accounted for the second largest income share of total household income. Despite the fact that wealthier households generated more NTFP income overall, our research shows that poorer households rely more on this so...
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