Alexey Terekhov

This paper considers the possibilities of assimilation of FEWS NET (Famine early Warning System Network) products in natural resource monitoring of the territory of Kazakhstan in the cold period. With an area of 2.7 million km2, Kazakhstan is located in the center of Eurasia in the arid zone, and snow is one of the most important water sources in the first half of the vegetation season. The products “Snow Depth”, “Temperature” and “Precipitation” developed for Central Asia are based on model meteorological data, including short-term weather forecasts. This information, presented in the form of regular matrices, has several advantages in efficiency and spatial detailing over direct ground (remote) measurements of meteorological parameters. The use of FEWS NET products for the environmental monitoring of the entire territory of Kazakhstan or its separate parts is of benefit for assessing the current situation on snow reserves, weather regimes and prospects for spring snowmelt.

On the basis of long-term dynamics of the July’s vegetation data (NDVI and VCI indices) for 31 ranges of the Tien Shan and Jungarian Alatau arid mountains located in the Eurasia center are found the atmosphere stratification change. The variability of Atlantic Ocean water vapor transport ability over Northern Tien Shan ranges to the Inner Tien Shan was detected. This phenomenon not related to the overall seasonal humidity but is obviously associated with atmosphere stratification regimes. The analyzed period consists of two eras from 2002–2008 and 2008–2019 years, which differ in the regime of accessibility of the Inner Tien Shan ranges for water vapor from Atlantic Ocean. The overall tendency of the changes in 2002–2019 is the increase in the availability ocean water vapor to the Inner Tien Shan ranges. Recorded changes may be due to global air temperature increases and atmospheric processes intensification.

Spring crops are a monoculture in Northern Kazakhstan. Mid-resolution satellite data of red and near infrared spectral bands from Terra's MODIS satellite can be used for assessment of regional land use. The objective of this research was the analysis of weed infestation in spring grain crops. Weed infestation was classified into three categories, namely: minimum, average and maximum. The analysis

Spring crops are a monoculture in Northern Kazakhstan. Mid-resolution satellite data of red and near infrared spectral bands from the Russian satellite, Resource MSU-SK and Terra's MODIS satellite can be used for assessment of regional landuse and land cover. The objective of this research is to improve the classification of spring crops, range and fallow land from mid-resolution satellites. The

Yield forecast and grain quality is very important questions for republic economics and grain market. The method of crop state estimation and grain quality forecast using TERRA/MODIS data was developed. The most significant factors controllable by the satellite and determining grain quality are the crop rotation, planting date and weed infestation. On the base of ground surveys in 2004 correlation

Sowing period for spring crop lasts usually more than 40 days in Northern Kazakhstan. Calendar dates of sowing are important for final crop productivity, which can be varied about 30% in relation to this factor. IMODIS data and ground survey in 2003 were used as the base for developing of cropland sowing date estimation procedure. Spectral characteristics of crop fields

The aim of this research was the analysis of long-term and seasonal dynamics of Irrigation Cooling Effect (ICE) of irrigated arable lands in test sites of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in agriculture province “Golodnaya stepp”, located in transboundary River Syrdarya basin. The Land Surface Temperature (LST) FEWS NET (Famine early Warning System Network) product was used for calculation and monitoring (2002- 2019) ICE values. The amount and efficiency of irrigation water usage significantly affects the ICE values. Therefore, long-term (2002-2019) ICE monitoring on arable land Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in “Golodnaya stepp” is important as an objective characteristic of irrigation parameters and their changes during the observation period. Analysis of data from 2002-2019 showed that in the key period (May-June) Uzbekistan's arable land is in a better position. Review of two eras 2003-2010 and 2011-2019 it showed that changes in ICE values are directed at: an increase in May, approxima...