During Neogene major tectonic movements around the eastern Mediterranean Sea caused the uplift of... more During Neogene major tectonic movements around the eastern Mediterranean Sea caused the uplift of Anatolian Peninsula that resulted in the formation of several sedimentary basins. The Yalvaç Basin is one of these formed during this period of time and located on the eastern flank of the Isparta Angle. The pre-Neogene basement and marginal rocks compose of Ordovician-Permian metamorphic rocks, Triassic-Cretaceous carbonates and Cretaceous ophiolites. The Neogene basin infilling consists of fluvial and lacustrine sediments, which divided into four formations (Bağyaka, Yarıkkaya, Göksöğüt and Kırkbaş), and several mineable coal seams host within these sequences. Coal and inorganic samples were picked up from the SK-1 drill core at the southern part of the basin (SE of Şarkikaraağaç). Macroscopically coal samples are black and grey in colour and in site bear fossil shell remains. Matrix and mineral-rich lithotypes were identified. The studied samples display high ash yields (24.7-54.0%, on dry basis), volatile matter (58.5-71.4%, on dry, ash-free basis) and total sulphur (6.2-10.6%, on dry, ash-free basis) contents. Huminite is dominant maceral group, whereas liptinite and inertinite in low proportion. The minerals identified in bulk coal samples are clay minerals (illite, kaolinite, chlorite and montmorillonite), carbonates (calcite, aragonite), quartz and less frequently pyrite and gypsum. Ostracod, gastropod, charophyte and fish teeth remains were determined and ostracods were identified from inorganic sediments within the coal-bearing strata. The ostracod fauna, particularly, show similarities with other ostracod faunas in the Central and Western Anatolia and the fauna indicates freshwater-oligohaline lacustrine conditions. The coal facies diagrams along with geochemical data indicate that peat accumulated under anoxic limno-telmatic to telmatic conditions. The maceral composition revealed the peat-forming vegetation an origin from mainly woody species (e.g. shrubs) along with herbaceous helophytes. The existence of freshwater conditions suggest high sulphur contents of coal samples related to carbonate- and sulphate-rich water support into palaeomire. Such support could cause neutral to alkaline conditions where carbonate minerals could form together with syngenetic pyrites. Furthermore, ostracod data indicates that the coal-bearing sequences were commenced to deposit in the Late Miocene. On the basis of the age and lithological correlations, the studied coal-bearing strata seems to be equivalent of the Göksöğüt Formation in the Yalvaç Basin.
During Neogene major tectonic movements around the eastern Mediterranean Sea caused the uplift of... more During Neogene major tectonic movements around the eastern Mediterranean Sea caused the uplift of Anatolian Peninsula that resulted in the formation of several sedimentary basins. The Yalvaç Basin is one of these formed during this period of time and located on the eastern flank of the Isparta Angle. The pre-Neogene basement and marginal rocks compose of Ordovician-Permian metamorphic rocks, Triassic-Cretaceous carbonates and Cretaceous ophiolites. The Neogene basin infilling consists of fluvial and lacustrine sediments, which divided into four formations (Bağyaka, Yarıkkaya, Göksöğüt and Kırkbaş), and several mineable coal seams host within these sequences. Coal and inorganic samples were picked up from the SK-1 drill core at the southern part of the basin (SE of Şarkikaraağaç). Macroscopically coal samples are black and grey in colour and in site bear fossil shell remains. Matrix and mineral-rich lithotypes were identified. The studied samples display high ash yields (24.7-54.0%, on dry basis), volatile matter (58.5-71.4%, on dry, ash-free basis) and total sulphur (6.2-10.6%, on dry, ash-free basis) contents. Huminite is dominant maceral group, whereas liptinite and inertinite in low proportion. The minerals identified in bulk coal samples are clay minerals (illite, kaolinite, chlorite and montmorillonite), carbonates (calcite, aragonite), quartz and less frequently pyrite and gypsum. Ostracod, gastropod, charophyte and fish teeth remains were determined and ostracods were identified from inorganic sediments within the coal-bearing strata. The ostracod fauna, particularly, show similarities with other ostracod faunas in the Central and Western Anatolia and the fauna indicates freshwater-oligohaline lacustrine conditions. The coal facies diagrams along with geochemical data indicate that peat accumulated under anoxic limno-telmatic to telmatic conditions. The maceral composition revealed the peat-forming vegetation an origin from mainly woody species (e.g. shrubs) along with herbaceous helophytes. The existence of freshwater conditions suggest high sulphur contents of coal samples related to carbonate- and sulphate-rich water support into palaeomire. Such support could cause neutral to alkaline conditions where carbonate minerals could form together with syngenetic pyrites. Furthermore, ostracod data indicates that the coal-bearing sequences were commenced to deposit in the Late Miocene. On the basis of the age and lithological correlations, the studied coal-bearing strata seems to be equivalent of the Göksöğüt Formation in the Yalvaç Basin.
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