Background and Objectives: The medication regimens used by patients declared with Coronary Artery... more Background and Objectives: The medication regimens used by patients declared with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) vary greatly. Our goal was to assess the clinical traits and usage trends in CAD. Assess the factors that influence the occurrence of CAD which ultimately affect the administration of medication in people who have CAD. Materials and Methods: The present prospective research was conducted at the Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital in Faridkot, Punjab, India, from October 2022 to March 2023 over a six-month period. consent in writing wasn't required from the participants as no direct interaction with the patient was required. The information was gathered using a unique data gathering form, as well as SPSS by IBM Version 26 was used for analysis. Results: The vast majority of the 152 patients were males, accounting for 82 of them as opposed to the 70 female patients. The study's sample's median age ranged from 58 to 69 years. 62.5% of the patients came from rural areas. Only 2% of patients received just one medication, while 68.4% received polypharmacy. The most frequent comorbidity is diabetes and hypertension. Men who drink alcoholic beverages as well as use tobacco products such as cigarettes are more likely to develop CAD. however, most women who refrain from drinking or smoking have been impacted by CAD. Conclusion: The population under study was determined to be inclined to be males, to live in a rural area, as well as be between the ages of 58 and 69. A large proportion of patients received the use of multiple medications (polypharmacy).
In type 2 diabetes mellitus, increased platelet activity is crucial for the emergence of vascular... more In type 2 diabetes mellitus, increased platelet activity is crucial for the emergence of vascular complications. Mean platelet volume (MPV), an indicator of enhanced platelet activity, may be helpful in identifying the thromboembolic events that lead to these vascular complications. This study aims to assess MPV in Type 2 Diabetes patients and investigate the relationship between MPV and glycaemic and diabetic complications. : A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out on 266 subjects (133 diabetic patients and 133 nondiabetic controls) at B.P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences for a period of one year. MPV was analyzed in both the groups and the potential association of MPV with diabetic complications and glycaemic parameters was evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out with Student t-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient.: The results of the study showed that diabetics' MPV was considerably higher than that of non-diabetic controls (10.07 + 1.41 vs. 7.47 +...
The zooplankton fauna of Kishanganj swamps in relation to certain physico-chemical param... more The zooplankton fauna of Kishanganj swamps in relation to certain physico-chemical parameter was studied. Out of 28 species recorded, 18 belong to Rotifera, 6 to C/adocera and 4 to Copepoda. The total zooplankton density was more in summer and least in rainy season. The quantitative relationship amongst the group of zooplankton was Rotifera> Cladocera> Copepoda. Zooplankton also comprised of some pollution tolerant species like Brachionus, Keratella and Mesocyclops etc. The Rotifers showed negative correlation with pH, sulphate and dissolved oxygen Cladocerans showed negative correlation with pH, sulphate and phosphate while Copepods revealed negative correlation with pH, sulphate and water temperature.
Metamaterials are periodic structures made by repeating a unit cell. Such a structure shows frequ... more Metamaterials are periodic structures made by repeating a unit cell. Such a structure shows frequency-specific wave attenuation behaviour. In this work, a 2D metamaterial foundation is proposed for the seismic protection of buildings. The paramount challenge is to offer low frequency attenuation (~ 2–8 Hz), which is the dominant excitation during an earthquake. Based on the parametric study performed, a new type of metamaterial structure was proposed. It was found that the foundation consisting of repeating circular scatterers made of steel and plumbum embedded in rubber matrix can provide low and wide frequency wave attenuation from 2.6 to 7.8 Hz. The computational model of the structure was subjected to transient excitation against three pre-recorded earthquake excitations. The result showed that the novel foundation can resist the propagation of the seismic wave to the structure. Further, the response of a 2D building frame with metamaterial foundation was compared to a concrete ...
Cereal-based traditional fermented beverages (TFBs) are prevalent among India’s ethnic community,... more Cereal-based traditional fermented beverages (TFBs) are prevalent among India’s ethnic community, and lugri is one such TFB popular among the tribal people of the Lahaul valley in North-Western Himalaya. Previous studies have reported that lugri harbors probiotics and contains amino acids and vitamins but comprehensive substrate-specific exploration of lugri for probiotic attributes is unexplored. The present study selected three substrate-based lugri (wheat, rice, and barley) to study their biochemical properties and explore potential probiotics. This study screened the best probiotic strains for antioxidant studies and the fermentative process. A biochemical analysis determined that rice-based lugri had a higher alcohol content, electric conductivity, crude protein, and lower pH than barley and wheat-based lugri. A total of 134 distinct morphotypes were screened, and 43 strains were selected based on their qualitatively superior acid and bile tolerance. Rice-based undistilled lugr...
Journal of Obstetric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, 2020
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare condition in pregnancy and has an established grave progno... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare condition in pregnancy and has an established grave prognosis as such. Anesthetic management of pregnant patients with dilated cardiomyopathy is quite challenging either because of preexisting DCM or the risk of precipitating sudden cardiac failure. Pregnancy in patients with preexisting DCM can further flare-up disease and can be life- threatening, especially in patients who land up in an emergency when there is less time to optimize the patient's condition. The anesthesiologist thus must have knowledge of its causes, pathophysiology, clinical features, and various anesthetic modalities available. The present case report illustrates the successful management of a parturient with preexisting DCM undergoing emergency caesarean section. It is very important that patients with DCM should have regular follow-up so that timely intervention can be done about the mode of delivery for the safety of both mother and child.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2017
The effect of adding dexmedetomidine (α2-adrenoceptor agonist) to local anaesthetics in brachial ... more The effect of adding dexmedetomidine (α2-adrenoceptor agonist) to local anaesthetics in brachial plexus blocks has been evaluated, however there has been no consensus regarding the ideal dose of dexmedetomidine. Without ultrasound axillary block has been considered as the safest approach for brachial block. To evaluate the efficacy of two doses of dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg/kg and 1 μg/kg) as an adjuvant to lignocaine in patients undergoing forearm surgeries under axillary brachial plexus block. This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 104 adult patients, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 or 2. They were randomized and given following drug formulations, Group L (n=35) received 23 ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline + 7 ml of saline, Group LD0.5 (n=34) received 23 ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline + 0.5 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine diluted in saline to make a volume of 7 ml, Group LD1 (n=35) was given 23 ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline...
Background and aims The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of midazolam at... more Background and aims The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of midazolam at two different doses as an adjunct to lignocaine with adrenaline in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Materials and methods In this prospective controlled study, 95 consenting patients scheduled for forearm fracture surgeries were randomized into three groups. Five patients were excluded from the study for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Group L (n=30) received 20 ml of 1.5% lignocaine with adrenaline (1 : 200 000)+5 ml of normal saline (total volume=25 ml). Group M30 (n=30) received 20 ml of 1.5% lignocaine with adrenaline (1 : 200 000)+30 μg/kg midazolam+normal saline (total volume =25 ml). Group M50 (n=30) received 20 ml of 1.5% lignocaine with adrenaline (1 : 200 000)+50 μg/kg midazolam+normal saline (total volume =25 ml). Results The onset of sensory and motor block was found to be earliest in group M50, followed by group M30 and group L, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean duration of motor block and sensory block was longest in group M50 followed by groupM30 and shortest in group L, which was also statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean duration of analgesia was longest in group M50 (254.53±34.77 min) followed by group M30 (211.03±52.69 min) and shortest in group L (181.47±20.63 min). The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Group L received the highest doses of rescue analgesics (2.80±0.407 doses) followed by group M30 (1.97±0.615 doses) and group M50 (1.47±0.819 doses). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Midazolam increases the duration of sensory and motor blockade and delays need for rescue analgesic. In addition, midazolam at a dose of 50 μg/kg had superior therapeutic profile compared with 30 μg/kg, and hence may be the recommended dose.
British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2002
Treatment of fractured mandibular condyles remains controversial. In this paper we present data c... more Treatment of fractured mandibular condyles remains controversial. In this paper we present data collected prospectively on 42 fractured condyles treated by open reduction and internal fixation. The central issue, which is sometimes forgotten, is the informed consent of our patients. To this end we have looked at the surgical morbidity related to the retromandibular approach.
Background and Objectives: The medication regimens used by patients declared with Coronary Artery... more Background and Objectives: The medication regimens used by patients declared with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) vary greatly. Our goal was to assess the clinical traits and usage trends in CAD. Assess the factors that influence the occurrence of CAD which ultimately affect the administration of medication in people who have CAD. Materials and Methods: The present prospective research was conducted at the Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital in Faridkot, Punjab, India, from October 2022 to March 2023 over a six-month period. consent in writing wasn&#39;t required from the participants as no direct interaction with the patient was required. The information was gathered using a unique data gathering form, as well as SPSS by IBM Version 26 was used for analysis. Results: The vast majority of the 152 patients were males, accounting for 82 of them as opposed to the 70 female patients. The study&#39;s sample&#39;s median age ranged from 58 to 69 years. 62.5% of the patients came from rural areas. Only 2% of patients received just one medication, while 68.4% received polypharmacy. The most frequent comorbidity is diabetes and hypertension. Men who drink alcoholic beverages as well as use tobacco products such as cigarettes are more likely to develop CAD. however, most women who refrain from drinking or smoking have been impacted by CAD. Conclusion: The population under study was determined to be inclined to be males, to live in a rural area, as well as be between the ages of 58 and 69. A large proportion of patients received the use of multiple medications (polypharmacy).
In type 2 diabetes mellitus, increased platelet activity is crucial for the emergence of vascular... more In type 2 diabetes mellitus, increased platelet activity is crucial for the emergence of vascular complications. Mean platelet volume (MPV), an indicator of enhanced platelet activity, may be helpful in identifying the thromboembolic events that lead to these vascular complications. This study aims to assess MPV in Type 2 Diabetes patients and investigate the relationship between MPV and glycaemic and diabetic complications. : A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out on 266 subjects (133 diabetic patients and 133 nondiabetic controls) at B.P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences for a period of one year. MPV was analyzed in both the groups and the potential association of MPV with diabetic complications and glycaemic parameters was evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out with Student t-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient.: The results of the study showed that diabetics' MPV was considerably higher than that of non-diabetic controls (10.07 + 1.41 vs. 7.47 +...
The zooplankton fauna of Kishanganj swamps in relation to certain physico-chemical param... more The zooplankton fauna of Kishanganj swamps in relation to certain physico-chemical parameter was studied. Out of 28 species recorded, 18 belong to Rotifera, 6 to C/adocera and 4 to Copepoda. The total zooplankton density was more in summer and least in rainy season. The quantitative relationship amongst the group of zooplankton was Rotifera> Cladocera> Copepoda. Zooplankton also comprised of some pollution tolerant species like Brachionus, Keratella and Mesocyclops etc. The Rotifers showed negative correlation with pH, sulphate and dissolved oxygen Cladocerans showed negative correlation with pH, sulphate and phosphate while Copepods revealed negative correlation with pH, sulphate and water temperature.
Metamaterials are periodic structures made by repeating a unit cell. Such a structure shows frequ... more Metamaterials are periodic structures made by repeating a unit cell. Such a structure shows frequency-specific wave attenuation behaviour. In this work, a 2D metamaterial foundation is proposed for the seismic protection of buildings. The paramount challenge is to offer low frequency attenuation (~ 2–8 Hz), which is the dominant excitation during an earthquake. Based on the parametric study performed, a new type of metamaterial structure was proposed. It was found that the foundation consisting of repeating circular scatterers made of steel and plumbum embedded in rubber matrix can provide low and wide frequency wave attenuation from 2.6 to 7.8 Hz. The computational model of the structure was subjected to transient excitation against three pre-recorded earthquake excitations. The result showed that the novel foundation can resist the propagation of the seismic wave to the structure. Further, the response of a 2D building frame with metamaterial foundation was compared to a concrete ...
Cereal-based traditional fermented beverages (TFBs) are prevalent among India’s ethnic community,... more Cereal-based traditional fermented beverages (TFBs) are prevalent among India’s ethnic community, and lugri is one such TFB popular among the tribal people of the Lahaul valley in North-Western Himalaya. Previous studies have reported that lugri harbors probiotics and contains amino acids and vitamins but comprehensive substrate-specific exploration of lugri for probiotic attributes is unexplored. The present study selected three substrate-based lugri (wheat, rice, and barley) to study their biochemical properties and explore potential probiotics. This study screened the best probiotic strains for antioxidant studies and the fermentative process. A biochemical analysis determined that rice-based lugri had a higher alcohol content, electric conductivity, crude protein, and lower pH than barley and wheat-based lugri. A total of 134 distinct morphotypes were screened, and 43 strains were selected based on their qualitatively superior acid and bile tolerance. Rice-based undistilled lugr...
Journal of Obstetric Anaesthesia and Critical Care, 2020
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare condition in pregnancy and has an established grave progno... more Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a rare condition in pregnancy and has an established grave prognosis as such. Anesthetic management of pregnant patients with dilated cardiomyopathy is quite challenging either because of preexisting DCM or the risk of precipitating sudden cardiac failure. Pregnancy in patients with preexisting DCM can further flare-up disease and can be life- threatening, especially in patients who land up in an emergency when there is less time to optimize the patient's condition. The anesthesiologist thus must have knowledge of its causes, pathophysiology, clinical features, and various anesthetic modalities available. The present case report illustrates the successful management of a parturient with preexisting DCM undergoing emergency caesarean section. It is very important that patients with DCM should have regular follow-up so that timely intervention can be done about the mode of delivery for the safety of both mother and child.
Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2017
The effect of adding dexmedetomidine (α2-adrenoceptor agonist) to local anaesthetics in brachial ... more The effect of adding dexmedetomidine (α2-adrenoceptor agonist) to local anaesthetics in brachial plexus blocks has been evaluated, however there has been no consensus regarding the ideal dose of dexmedetomidine. Without ultrasound axillary block has been considered as the safest approach for brachial block. To evaluate the efficacy of two doses of dexmedetomidine (0.5 μg/kg and 1 μg/kg) as an adjuvant to lignocaine in patients undergoing forearm surgeries under axillary brachial plexus block. This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 104 adult patients, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 or 2. They were randomized and given following drug formulations, Group L (n=35) received 23 ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline + 7 ml of saline, Group LD0.5 (n=34) received 23 ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline + 0.5 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine diluted in saline to make a volume of 7 ml, Group LD1 (n=35) was given 23 ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline...
Background and aims The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of midazolam at... more Background and aims The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of midazolam at two different doses as an adjunct to lignocaine with adrenaline in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Materials and methods In this prospective controlled study, 95 consenting patients scheduled for forearm fracture surgeries were randomized into three groups. Five patients were excluded from the study for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Group L (n=30) received 20 ml of 1.5% lignocaine with adrenaline (1 : 200 000)+5 ml of normal saline (total volume=25 ml). Group M30 (n=30) received 20 ml of 1.5% lignocaine with adrenaline (1 : 200 000)+30 μg/kg midazolam+normal saline (total volume =25 ml). Group M50 (n=30) received 20 ml of 1.5% lignocaine with adrenaline (1 : 200 000)+50 μg/kg midazolam+normal saline (total volume =25 ml). Results The onset of sensory and motor block was found to be earliest in group M50, followed by group M30 and group L, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean duration of motor block and sensory block was longest in group M50 followed by groupM30 and shortest in group L, which was also statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean duration of analgesia was longest in group M50 (254.53±34.77 min) followed by group M30 (211.03±52.69 min) and shortest in group L (181.47±20.63 min). The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Group L received the highest doses of rescue analgesics (2.80±0.407 doses) followed by group M30 (1.97±0.615 doses) and group M50 (1.47±0.819 doses). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Midazolam increases the duration of sensory and motor blockade and delays need for rescue analgesic. In addition, midazolam at a dose of 50 μg/kg had superior therapeutic profile compared with 30 μg/kg, and hence may be the recommended dose.
British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2002
Treatment of fractured mandibular condyles remains controversial. In this paper we present data c... more Treatment of fractured mandibular condyles remains controversial. In this paper we present data collected prospectively on 42 fractured condyles treated by open reduction and internal fixation. The central issue, which is sometimes forgotten, is the informed consent of our patients. To this end we have looked at the surgical morbidity related to the retromandibular approach.
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