Clinical mentoring is work-based training for the capacity building of health care workers. This ... more Clinical mentoring is work-based training for the capacity building of health care workers. This study determined if there were benefits and increases in knowledge levels for 33 selected health workers across 5 health facilities in Jigawa State following the introduction of clinical mentoring. Questionnaires were used to determine biodata and knowledge scores of mentored health workers and also key departmental activities before and after a 6 months period of introduction of clinical mentoring. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 20. Over 90% of the 33 mentored health workers showed an increase in their knowledge scores. The mean percentage score of the health workers increased significantly from 56.3±2.1 before the start of clinical mentoring to 74.7±1.7 (p<0.001) six months later. Mortality review meetings were also introduced. This study has shown that clinical mentoring is beneficial for improving the clinical knowledge of mentored health workers.
This study investigated the socio-economic factors associated with reported contraceptive use by ... more This study investigated the socio-economic factors associated with reported contraceptive use by women of reproductive age in northern Nigeria. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis was applied to successive Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS: 1999-2013) data to examine the relationship between reported use of modern contraceptives (the dependent variable) and the socio-economic status (age, rural-urban residence, education, religion, current work status, marital status, and number of living children) of these women in the north-east (NE) and north-west (NW) geo-political zones (GPZs). The results indicated that women’s socio-economic status were positively associated with use of modern contraceptives in the NW in 1999 (AOR=2.15; 95%CI=1.47, 3.14), 2003 (AOR=1.64; 95%CI=1.30, 2.08) and 2013 (AOR=1.30; 95%CI=1.12, 1.50) and also in the north-east in 2008 (AOR=0.74; 95%CI=0.64, 0.86). Contraceptive use could increase as FP programmes better respond to the socio-economic and cultural circumstances of women in northern Nigeria.
Background:Studies on the effectiveness of HIV prevention intervention among men who have sex wit... more Background:Studies on the effectiveness of HIV prevention intervention among men who have sex with men (MSM) are limited. We evaluated the short term effect of HIV prevention intervention on sexual risk behavior among MSM in Nigeria. Methods:Between May and December 2013, baseline and follow up sexual risk behavior data were collected using structured risk assessment forms. Prevention intervention followed a structured curriculum implemented over three months. Logistic regression was used to identify the effect of the intervention. Results:A total of 1,526 MSM were recruited at baseline and 1,282 MSM completed the 3 month curriculum, indicating a retention rate of 84%. Median age of participants was 25 years (interquartile range 22-28 years). About 50% had completed secondary level education. Reported condom use at last transactional sex with a female increased significantly (67%vs.77%;p<0.0001) but was unchanged among non-paying partners (74%) at baseline and follow-up. Condom u...
A total of 385 drug users (9% females and 91% males) with mean age of 30 years were interviewed. ... more A total of 385 drug users (9% females and 91% males) with mean age of 30 years were interviewed. • More than 94% injected drugs in the last 12 months. • Mean age of drug use debut was 15.4 years, while mean duration of drugs use was 15 years. • Types of drugs injected included heroine (30%), cocaine (24%), amphetamine (8%), crack (10.4%), and pentazocine (39.2%) (Figure 1). • Over 80% of heroin users and 72.3% of cocaine users, had unprotected sex with a casual partner in the last 6 months. • About 28% of drug users experienced one form of STIs in the last 6 months. • Logistic regression analysis showed that amphetamine users were 11 times more likely to have a STI (Adjusted OR = 11.52, 95%CI = 4.27–31.10) followed by heroin users (Adjusted OR = 4.99, 95% CI=2.46– 10.13), and pentazocine users (Adjusted OR = 2.86, 95% CI=1.41–5.81) (Table 1). • Furthermore, clients who ever married were 7 times more likely to report STIs (Adjusted OR = 7.05, 95% CI = 2.08–23.86) (Table 1).
Distribution of Cost and Determinants of Effectiveness in Provision of HIV Testing and Counsellin... more Distribution of Cost and Determinants of Effectiveness in Provision of HIV Testing and Counselling (HTC) for Male MARPs in Nigeria. Background HIV testing and counselling (HTC) remains the gateway to HIV prevention interventions and as countries scale-up towards universal access, priority backed with resource allocation should be given to aspects of HCT programmes that ensure value for money especially in resource poor settings. We evaluated the distribution of cost and determinants of effectiveness in the provision of HCT for male most-at-risk-population (MMARPs) (men who have sex with men (MSM) and men who inject drugs (MWID) in Nigeria. Methods MSM and MWID were provided with HTC through the Men’s Health Network, Nigeria (MHNN), an HIV prevention intervention between July 2009 and July 2012. Financial costs of providing HCT were estimated from a health provider perspective and classified as capital (rent, furniture, equipment) or recurrent (personnel, stationery, supplies, meetin...
Background HIV counseling and testing (HCT) remains the cornerstone of HIV programming and given ... more Background HIV counseling and testing (HCT) remains the cornerstone of HIV programming and given the reduced donor funds for HIV services, it is imperative to use the most cost effective methods. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of three HCT strategies for male most-at-risk-population (M-MARPS) in Nigeria. Methods Three HCT strategies were implemented between July 2009 and July 2012 among men who have sex with men (MSM) and injecting drug users (IDUs). The first strategy (S1) was facility based with community mobilization component using key opinion leaders (KOLs). The second strategy (S2) involved KOLs referring M-MARPS to nearby mobile HCT teams, while the third strategy (S3) involved mobile M-MARPS peers conducting HCT. Cost and output data for HCT services were retrospectively collected from financial and program records. Financial costs of providing HCT were estimated from a health provider perspective and classified as capital or recurrent costs. Variation in duration of ea...
Pregnancy Hypertension: An International Journal of Women's Cardiovascular Health, 2012
ABSTRACT Nigeria has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the world. Eclampsia is a ... more ABSTRACT Nigeria has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the world. Eclampsia is a major contributor to the deaths especially in Northern Nigeria where the culture of teenage marriage is common. Kano is the state with the highest population in Nigeria. Despite its effectiveness, magnesium sulphate was been used to treat eclampsia and severe preclampsia in only one of 35 general hospitals inthe state as at 2007.Objectives In 2008, magnesium sulphate was introduced in 10 General Hospitals in Kano state of Northern Nigeria in a Population Council project funded by the MacArthur Foundation. The aim of the study was to determine if the maternal outcomes improved.Methods Doctors and midwives from the 10 hospitals were trained on the use of magnesium sulphate. The trained health workers later conducted step down trainings at their health facilities. Magnesium sulphate, treatment protocol, patella hammer and calcium gluconate were then supplied to the hospitals. Data was collected through structured data forms. The data was analysed using SPSS.ResultsWithin a year of the project, 1045 patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia were treated. The case fatality rate for severe preeclampsia and eclampsia fell from 20.9% (95% CI 18.7–23.2) recorded before the project to 2.3% (95%CI 1.5–3.5) after the project. The perinatal mortality rate in those that received magnesium sulphate was 12.3% (CI 10.4–14.5) while the 5 min APGAR score for 72.9% of the babies was 7 or more.Conclusion Training of health workers on updated evidence based interventions and providing an enabling environment for their practice are key components to the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals in developing countries.
To evaluate the changes in the prevalence of dental caries in Lagos State over a 3 years period a... more To evaluate the changes in the prevalence of dental caries in Lagos State over a 3 years period and the role of age, sex, and playing in the changes observed. Three primary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria were randomly selected for the study. Six hundred and thirty-three children age 2-12 years, were examined for caries in 2000 while 513 children were examined in 2003. The prevalence of tooth decay and the prevalence of untreated tooth decay were calculated for the two years, that is, 2000 and 2003. Also the degree of unmet treatment need among the population with caries experience was measured. Differences in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the primary and permanent dentition were assessed. Approximately 18% of children had untreated tooth decay in their primary dentition in 2003: A 26.1% increase from 2000. About 12.0% of the decay, extracted, and filled teeth (deft) index was seen with decayed teeth in 2000 and 16.6% in 2003. Extracted primary teeth decreased from 2.5% in 2000 to 1.5% in 2003. The change in mean deft between 2000 (0.42) and 2003 (0.47) was 11.9%. Over the study period, the overall reduction in the prevalence of dental caries was 34.8% in the permanent dentition. The decline was larger among children aged 5-9 years (62.1%) and among females (75%). The study showed no overall changes in caries severity but a decrease in caries prevalence in the permanent dentition over the study period. The largest decline in caries prevalence in the permanent dentition was observed in children aged 5-9 years and females. On the contrary, there was an increase in the caries prevalence in the primary dentition.
ABSTRACT Background Alternative HIV counselling and testing (HCT) delivery models, such as mobile... more ABSTRACT Background Alternative HIV counselling and testing (HCT) delivery models, such as mobile HTC, have been shown to increase access to and uptake of HCT. We evaluated the effects of three strategies in increasing uptake of HCT among male most-at-risk population (M-MARPS).Methods Three HCT strategies implemented between July, 2009, and July, 2012, among men who have sex with men and injecting drug users in three states in Nigeria were evaluated in a longitudinal analysis. The first strategy (S1) was facility based with a community mobilisation component using key opinion leaders (KOLs). The second strategy (S2) involved KOLs referring M-MARPS to nearby mobile HCT teams, while the third (S3) involved mobile M-MARPS peers conducting the HCT. Segmented linear regression was used to assess the effect of different strategies on uptake of HCT among M-MARPS.FindingsA total of 1988, 14 726, and 14 895 M-MARPS received HCT through S1, S2, and S3 methods, respectively. Overall, S3 (12·7%; 1853 of 14 622) identified the highest proportion of HIV-positive M-MARPS compared with S1 (9·0%; 177 of 1956) and S2 (3·3%; 480 of 14 671; p&lt;0·0001). Also S3 (13·2%; 1729 of 13 074) identified the highest proportion of new HIV diagnosis compared with S1 (8·2%; 132 of 1618) and S2 (2·9%; 355 of 12 034), respectively (p&lt;0·0001). For the total number of M-MARPS reached by each strategy, there was no immediate (271; p=0·539) or long-term change (53; p=0·334) in the total number of clients reached by S2 compared with S1. Compared with S2, S3 showed a significant immediate decrease (3068; p=0·029) but a sustained long-term increase (822; p=0·007) in the total number of M-MARPS reached with HCT.InterpretationPeer-mediated HCT (S3) had the highest impact on the total number of M-MARPS reached, identifying HIV-positive M-MARPS and new testers. Since HCT is a key intervention strategy for effective HIV/AIDS control, training M-MARPS peers to provide HCT is a high-impact approach in delivering HCT to M-MARPS.FundingThis study was supported by the Population Council&#39;s Men&#39;s Health Network Nigeria project with funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through CDC Cooperative Agreement No.1U2GPS001066-01. The contents of this abstract are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. The funders had no role in data collection, interpretation, writing, or decision to submit this article for publication. None of the authors has been paid to write this article by a pharmaceutical company or other agency. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.
Despite clear emphasis through the Millennium Development Goals, the problem of high maternal mor... more Despite clear emphasis through the Millennium Development Goals, the problem of high maternal mortality persists especially within low and middle income countries. Various studies report remarkably high maternal mortality rates in northern Nigeria, where maternal mortality rates exceed 1,000 deaths per 100,000 live births and eclampsia contributes approximately 40% of maternal deaths. Across Nigeria, diazepam is routinely used for the management of eclampsia. Prior to February 2008, diazepam was widely used for the management of eclampsia in Kano State (within northern Nigeria) with case fatality rate being over 20%. While magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) is recognized as the most effective drug for the management of eclampsia; this study aims to compare MgSO4 therapy with diazepam therapy in terms of case fatality rates and costs. This retrospective study, including 1045 patients with eclampsia and pre-eclampsia during the years 2008 and 2009, reports a drop in case fatality rates from 20.9% (95% CI: 18.7, 23.2) to 2.3% (95% CI: 1.4, 3.2) among eclampsia patients following the MgSO4 intervention. The study observed no significant difference in the cost of using MgSO4 therapy compared to diazepam therapy. The study found a remarkable reduction in case fatality rate due to eclampsia in those who received MgSO4 therapy with minimal increase in costs when compared to diazepam therapy. Concerted efforts should be focused on properly introducing MgSO4 into emergency obstetric protocols especially within developing countries to reduce maternal mortality and also impact on health system performance.
Clinical mentoring is work-based training for the capacity building of health care workers. This ... more Clinical mentoring is work-based training for the capacity building of health care workers. This study determined if there were benefits and increases in knowledge levels for 33 selected health workers across 5 health facilities in Jigawa State following the introduction of clinical mentoring. Questionnaires were used to determine biodata and knowledge scores of mentored health workers and also key departmental activities before and after a 6 months period of introduction of clinical mentoring. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 20. Over 90% of the 33 mentored health workers showed an increase in their knowledge scores. The mean percentage score of the health workers increased significantly from 56.3±2.1 before the start of clinical mentoring to 74.7±1.7 (p<0.001) six months later. Mortality review meetings were also introduced. This study has shown that clinical mentoring is beneficial for improving the clinical knowledge of mentored health workers.
This study investigated the socio-economic factors associated with reported contraceptive use by ... more This study investigated the socio-economic factors associated with reported contraceptive use by women of reproductive age in northern Nigeria. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis was applied to successive Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS: 1999-2013) data to examine the relationship between reported use of modern contraceptives (the dependent variable) and the socio-economic status (age, rural-urban residence, education, religion, current work status, marital status, and number of living children) of these women in the north-east (NE) and north-west (NW) geo-political zones (GPZs). The results indicated that women’s socio-economic status were positively associated with use of modern contraceptives in the NW in 1999 (AOR=2.15; 95%CI=1.47, 3.14), 2003 (AOR=1.64; 95%CI=1.30, 2.08) and 2013 (AOR=1.30; 95%CI=1.12, 1.50) and also in the north-east in 2008 (AOR=0.74; 95%CI=0.64, 0.86). Contraceptive use could increase as FP programmes better respond to the socio-economic and cultural circumstances of women in northern Nigeria.
Background:Studies on the effectiveness of HIV prevention intervention among men who have sex wit... more Background:Studies on the effectiveness of HIV prevention intervention among men who have sex with men (MSM) are limited. We evaluated the short term effect of HIV prevention intervention on sexual risk behavior among MSM in Nigeria. Methods:Between May and December 2013, baseline and follow up sexual risk behavior data were collected using structured risk assessment forms. Prevention intervention followed a structured curriculum implemented over three months. Logistic regression was used to identify the effect of the intervention. Results:A total of 1,526 MSM were recruited at baseline and 1,282 MSM completed the 3 month curriculum, indicating a retention rate of 84%. Median age of participants was 25 years (interquartile range 22-28 years). About 50% had completed secondary level education. Reported condom use at last transactional sex with a female increased significantly (67%vs.77%;p<0.0001) but was unchanged among non-paying partners (74%) at baseline and follow-up. Condom u...
A total of 385 drug users (9% females and 91% males) with mean age of 30 years were interviewed. ... more A total of 385 drug users (9% females and 91% males) with mean age of 30 years were interviewed. • More than 94% injected drugs in the last 12 months. • Mean age of drug use debut was 15.4 years, while mean duration of drugs use was 15 years. • Types of drugs injected included heroine (30%), cocaine (24%), amphetamine (8%), crack (10.4%), and pentazocine (39.2%) (Figure 1). • Over 80% of heroin users and 72.3% of cocaine users, had unprotected sex with a casual partner in the last 6 months. • About 28% of drug users experienced one form of STIs in the last 6 months. • Logistic regression analysis showed that amphetamine users were 11 times more likely to have a STI (Adjusted OR = 11.52, 95%CI = 4.27–31.10) followed by heroin users (Adjusted OR = 4.99, 95% CI=2.46– 10.13), and pentazocine users (Adjusted OR = 2.86, 95% CI=1.41–5.81) (Table 1). • Furthermore, clients who ever married were 7 times more likely to report STIs (Adjusted OR = 7.05, 95% CI = 2.08–23.86) (Table 1).
Distribution of Cost and Determinants of Effectiveness in Provision of HIV Testing and Counsellin... more Distribution of Cost and Determinants of Effectiveness in Provision of HIV Testing and Counselling (HTC) for Male MARPs in Nigeria. Background HIV testing and counselling (HTC) remains the gateway to HIV prevention interventions and as countries scale-up towards universal access, priority backed with resource allocation should be given to aspects of HCT programmes that ensure value for money especially in resource poor settings. We evaluated the distribution of cost and determinants of effectiveness in the provision of HCT for male most-at-risk-population (MMARPs) (men who have sex with men (MSM) and men who inject drugs (MWID) in Nigeria. Methods MSM and MWID were provided with HTC through the Men’s Health Network, Nigeria (MHNN), an HIV prevention intervention between July 2009 and July 2012. Financial costs of providing HCT were estimated from a health provider perspective and classified as capital (rent, furniture, equipment) or recurrent (personnel, stationery, supplies, meetin...
Background HIV counseling and testing (HCT) remains the cornerstone of HIV programming and given ... more Background HIV counseling and testing (HCT) remains the cornerstone of HIV programming and given the reduced donor funds for HIV services, it is imperative to use the most cost effective methods. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of three HCT strategies for male most-at-risk-population (M-MARPS) in Nigeria. Methods Three HCT strategies were implemented between July 2009 and July 2012 among men who have sex with men (MSM) and injecting drug users (IDUs). The first strategy (S1) was facility based with community mobilization component using key opinion leaders (KOLs). The second strategy (S2) involved KOLs referring M-MARPS to nearby mobile HCT teams, while the third strategy (S3) involved mobile M-MARPS peers conducting HCT. Cost and output data for HCT services were retrospectively collected from financial and program records. Financial costs of providing HCT were estimated from a health provider perspective and classified as capital or recurrent costs. Variation in duration of ea...
Pregnancy Hypertension: An International Journal of Women's Cardiovascular Health, 2012
ABSTRACT Nigeria has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the world. Eclampsia is a ... more ABSTRACT Nigeria has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the world. Eclampsia is a major contributor to the deaths especially in Northern Nigeria where the culture of teenage marriage is common. Kano is the state with the highest population in Nigeria. Despite its effectiveness, magnesium sulphate was been used to treat eclampsia and severe preclampsia in only one of 35 general hospitals inthe state as at 2007.Objectives In 2008, magnesium sulphate was introduced in 10 General Hospitals in Kano state of Northern Nigeria in a Population Council project funded by the MacArthur Foundation. The aim of the study was to determine if the maternal outcomes improved.Methods Doctors and midwives from the 10 hospitals were trained on the use of magnesium sulphate. The trained health workers later conducted step down trainings at their health facilities. Magnesium sulphate, treatment protocol, patella hammer and calcium gluconate were then supplied to the hospitals. Data was collected through structured data forms. The data was analysed using SPSS.ResultsWithin a year of the project, 1045 patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia were treated. The case fatality rate for severe preeclampsia and eclampsia fell from 20.9% (95% CI 18.7–23.2) recorded before the project to 2.3% (95%CI 1.5–3.5) after the project. The perinatal mortality rate in those that received magnesium sulphate was 12.3% (CI 10.4–14.5) while the 5 min APGAR score for 72.9% of the babies was 7 or more.Conclusion Training of health workers on updated evidence based interventions and providing an enabling environment for their practice are key components to the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals in developing countries.
To evaluate the changes in the prevalence of dental caries in Lagos State over a 3 years period a... more To evaluate the changes in the prevalence of dental caries in Lagos State over a 3 years period and the role of age, sex, and playing in the changes observed. Three primary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria were randomly selected for the study. Six hundred and thirty-three children age 2-12 years, were examined for caries in 2000 while 513 children were examined in 2003. The prevalence of tooth decay and the prevalence of untreated tooth decay were calculated for the two years, that is, 2000 and 2003. Also the degree of unmet treatment need among the population with caries experience was measured. Differences in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the primary and permanent dentition were assessed. Approximately 18% of children had untreated tooth decay in their primary dentition in 2003: A 26.1% increase from 2000. About 12.0% of the decay, extracted, and filled teeth (deft) index was seen with decayed teeth in 2000 and 16.6% in 2003. Extracted primary teeth decreased from 2.5% in 2000 to 1.5% in 2003. The change in mean deft between 2000 (0.42) and 2003 (0.47) was 11.9%. Over the study period, the overall reduction in the prevalence of dental caries was 34.8% in the permanent dentition. The decline was larger among children aged 5-9 years (62.1%) and among females (75%). The study showed no overall changes in caries severity but a decrease in caries prevalence in the permanent dentition over the study period. The largest decline in caries prevalence in the permanent dentition was observed in children aged 5-9 years and females. On the contrary, there was an increase in the caries prevalence in the primary dentition.
ABSTRACT Background Alternative HIV counselling and testing (HCT) delivery models, such as mobile... more ABSTRACT Background Alternative HIV counselling and testing (HCT) delivery models, such as mobile HTC, have been shown to increase access to and uptake of HCT. We evaluated the effects of three strategies in increasing uptake of HCT among male most-at-risk population (M-MARPS).Methods Three HCT strategies implemented between July, 2009, and July, 2012, among men who have sex with men and injecting drug users in three states in Nigeria were evaluated in a longitudinal analysis. The first strategy (S1) was facility based with a community mobilisation component using key opinion leaders (KOLs). The second strategy (S2) involved KOLs referring M-MARPS to nearby mobile HCT teams, while the third (S3) involved mobile M-MARPS peers conducting the HCT. Segmented linear regression was used to assess the effect of different strategies on uptake of HCT among M-MARPS.FindingsA total of 1988, 14 726, and 14 895 M-MARPS received HCT through S1, S2, and S3 methods, respectively. Overall, S3 (12·7%; 1853 of 14 622) identified the highest proportion of HIV-positive M-MARPS compared with S1 (9·0%; 177 of 1956) and S2 (3·3%; 480 of 14 671; p&lt;0·0001). Also S3 (13·2%; 1729 of 13 074) identified the highest proportion of new HIV diagnosis compared with S1 (8·2%; 132 of 1618) and S2 (2·9%; 355 of 12 034), respectively (p&lt;0·0001). For the total number of M-MARPS reached by each strategy, there was no immediate (271; p=0·539) or long-term change (53; p=0·334) in the total number of clients reached by S2 compared with S1. Compared with S2, S3 showed a significant immediate decrease (3068; p=0·029) but a sustained long-term increase (822; p=0·007) in the total number of M-MARPS reached with HCT.InterpretationPeer-mediated HCT (S3) had the highest impact on the total number of M-MARPS reached, identifying HIV-positive M-MARPS and new testers. Since HCT is a key intervention strategy for effective HIV/AIDS control, training M-MARPS peers to provide HCT is a high-impact approach in delivering HCT to M-MARPS.FundingThis study was supported by the Population Council&#39;s Men&#39;s Health Network Nigeria project with funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through CDC Cooperative Agreement No.1U2GPS001066-01. The contents of this abstract are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. The funders had no role in data collection, interpretation, writing, or decision to submit this article for publication. None of the authors has been paid to write this article by a pharmaceutical company or other agency. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.
Despite clear emphasis through the Millennium Development Goals, the problem of high maternal mor... more Despite clear emphasis through the Millennium Development Goals, the problem of high maternal mortality persists especially within low and middle income countries. Various studies report remarkably high maternal mortality rates in northern Nigeria, where maternal mortality rates exceed 1,000 deaths per 100,000 live births and eclampsia contributes approximately 40% of maternal deaths. Across Nigeria, diazepam is routinely used for the management of eclampsia. Prior to February 2008, diazepam was widely used for the management of eclampsia in Kano State (within northern Nigeria) with case fatality rate being over 20%. While magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) is recognized as the most effective drug for the management of eclampsia; this study aims to compare MgSO4 therapy with diazepam therapy in terms of case fatality rates and costs. This retrospective study, including 1045 patients with eclampsia and pre-eclampsia during the years 2008 and 2009, reports a drop in case fatality rates from 20.9% (95% CI: 18.7, 23.2) to 2.3% (95% CI: 1.4, 3.2) among eclampsia patients following the MgSO4 intervention. The study observed no significant difference in the cost of using MgSO4 therapy compared to diazepam therapy. The study found a remarkable reduction in case fatality rate due to eclampsia in those who received MgSO4 therapy with minimal increase in costs when compared to diazepam therapy. Concerted efforts should be focused on properly introducing MgSO4 into emergency obstetric protocols especially within developing countries to reduce maternal mortality and also impact on health system performance.
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