The shopping mall has emerged as an important component of many cities. While the rapid developme... more The shopping mall has emerged as an important component of many cities. While the rapid development of malls and the increasing patronage show their viability and acceptance by the populace, respectively, there is a dearth of studies that examine the impact of its physical and behavioural attributes on attachment. This study examines the effect of physical characteristics, activities, and socioeconomic characteristics on place attachment to the first standalone mall in Ibadan, Nigeria. From a sampling frame of 7, 115 shoppers, quantitative data was obtained from 350 respondents using systematic sampling on April 29, 2017, through a structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using mean, factor analysis, cross-tabulation, correlation, and categorical regression. The findings show that the most prevalent activities are meeting others (α = 0.77); leisure (α = 0.75); and, parties and hanging out (α = 0.70). The important physical attributes are circulation, wayfinding, and aesthetics (α = 0.87); access to mechanical conveyors, mall decoration, and quality materials (α = 0.80); and, ambience (α =0.79). However, the regression results show that the most important factors of attachment are access to mechanical conveyors, mall decoration, and quality materials (β = 0.334); leisure (β = 0.279); purchasing activities (β = 0.236); and, meeting others (β = 0.165). Hence, these factors should be considered in creating new malls in the city. In the context of urbanism, this is key to the social and economic revitalization of cities. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Publisher's Note: Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Small-scale contractors have been noted to play a vital role in providing housing for the teeming... more Small-scale contractors have been noted to play a vital role in providing housing for the teeming urban population in informal settlements of developing countries. This paper examined the quality of housing produced by small-scale contractors based on empirical data obtained from an informal settlement located in Ayobo on the outskirts of Lagos, Nigeria where activities of small-scale contractors is evident. The survey research method was employed to solicit both quantitative and qualitative data from small-scale contractors and owner-occupiers in the study area. Quantitative data were analysed using content analysis technique while qualitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20. Findings reveal that respondents generally rated their housing positively. However, dwelling unit attributes and the building components of the housing were more highly rated than neighbourhood attributes. Specifically, condition of roofs and privacy were rated highest (4.25) followed by thermal comfo...
House mean different things to different people. House could be a dwelling, home, hut, place for;... more House mean different things to different people. House could be a dwelling, home, hut, place for; entertainment, rest, sleeping, receiving guest, and a palace. The interpretation of house as shelter makes it a basic necessities of life. Thus the focus of the paper is to identify and document house types in Benin by observing the physical characteristics and type’s classification from the organization and pattern of architectural plan documented. The study explored qualitative and quantitative approach using observations, descriptive frequency, architectural sketches, photographs and interview guide. The findings revealed a cross sectional characterising and classifying houses in Benin City, Nigeria which reflect the typical cross section structure of a traditional city. The result of study would however, influence professional in built environment and policy maker decision positively.
This study examined the aesthetic rating of 9 domestic buildings comprising 3 ""modern,... more This study examined the aesthetic rating of 9 domestic buildings comprising 3 ""modern,"" 3 ""post-modern"" and 3 ""local vernacular"" examples. In the context of a simple experiment, 15 architecture students and 15 medical students responded to the 9 domestic buildings by rating them on a provided scales. The stimuli-conditions were 9 photographs of the domestic buildings. The ratings and the rank order in terms of aesthetic preference and the differences or lack of them between architects and doctors provided the basis for analysis and discussion.
The aim of this essay is to discuss the essential features of a relevant conceptual framework for... more The aim of this essay is to discuss the essential features of a relevant conceptual framework for the history of architecture in Nigeria. The rationale is first of all that history is central to the enterprise of architecture as a whole and as such a framework is useful if history of architecture is to take its proper place in the practice, theory and teaching of architecture, particularly in relation to the cultural relevance of history. Secondly there are lessons to be learnt, from the Nigerian situation, which have wider application in the African context in part because of some of the historical precedents and cultural conditions that are common to African nations. First the essay discusses the significance of history to the theory, practice and teaching of architecture in general. Second, the current condition of history of architecture in Nigeria is analyzed, especially in relation to the education of the architect. It is thus concluded that the current condition is over weste...
Housing needs abound in every country, particularly in the developing countries. The needs are mo... more Housing needs abound in every country, particularly in the developing countries. The needs are more prevalent in the urban centres. This study conducted in Oke-Foko, Ibadan focused on a particular area of the city, the core, in order to examine the housing needs in that context. The housing needs in this context were investigated in a survey conducted in 2013. The bottom-up approach, considered to be responsive, was adopted in which residents assessed their housing and housing environment and thus defined their housing needs. The results showed that the needs of residents were defined by the perceived crowding and adequacy of their physical environment including neighbourhood and infrastructure. The findings suggest that adequate attention be given to amenities, neighbourhood facilities such as open spaces, outdoor spaces and most importantly housing unit facilities such as toilet, bathroom, cooking spaces and storage spaces as needs that are important for providing acceptable house...
Domestic architecture over centuries in Benin, southern Nigeria has undergone series of transform... more Domestic architecture over centuries in Benin, southern Nigeria has undergone series of transformation. Benin Empire which spread to Ga tribe in Ghana, Dahomey in republic of Benin and Cameroun in eastern coast has an admirable architecture which was compare to the architecture in Amsterdam, Netherlands. But due to urbanization, peri-urbanization, growth and development, there has been neck and neck transition in domestic architecture across the crosssection of the City. Hence the focus of the paper is to examine the domestic architecture transition in Benin, Nigeria from pre-independence to contemporary architecture. For purpose of the study, pre-independence architecture can be captured under: i. pre-colonial architecture and ii. Colonial Architecture. While contemporary architecture was captured as i. independence architecture and ii. Post-independence architecture. The transitions in architecture were identified along timeline and the timelines produced four (4) distinct residen...
There are many features of the Nigerian society today that may be described as legacies of the Br... more There are many features of the Nigerian society today that may be described as legacies of the British colonial history. One of the most notable perhaps because of its visibility are some physical features of those cities which were administrative centers under the colonial rule and have remained in that capacity in one form or the other after independence. These cities have in turn become models for other cities particularly in the south-western Yoruba area of Nigeria. Perhaps the most widespread of these features of the colonial city is the concept of residential segregation within the city. The concept of the colonial "Government Residential Area" is aparently the model for planning the modem residential estates in several other cities. This concept involves the creation of large plots with a single family detaches house as the main building and a smaller detached bungalow behind it as the servants quarters in what has been described as the "colonial bungalow-compo...
The literature indicates that most housing in the urban areas of many countries in the global Sou... more The literature indicates that most housing in the urban areas of many countries in the global South is in informal settlements, provided through informal mechanisms that are often not well understood. This paper contributes to understanding the forces influencing real estate markets in informal settlements, drawing on a case study of the under-researched Ayobo community in Lagos, Nigeria. The paper examines the roles played by government agencies and other market actors, including buyers, sellers, informants, financiers and witnesses, in relation to the operation and regulation of informal land markets. The analysis of the data, drawn from a survey and interviews, reveals a thriving property market, which is socially if not formally regulated. The paper concludes that this flourishing informal market needs strengthening to effectively meet the housing needs of urban residents.
International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR, Mar 30, 2017
Low-income housing is often studied in a top down approach by experts and researchers. The Ogbere... more Low-income housing is often studied in a top down approach by experts and researchers. The Ogbere case study in the outskirts of Ibadan represents housing built by low-income people and therefore a context to understand how the poor provides housing. It is evident from Ogbere that most of the housing producers earlier lived in Yoruba vernacular family houses where they acquired knowledge about the vernacular model they built. This knowledge contributed to their ability to attain housing contrary to their income level. In order to understand low-income housing production in the context of Ogbere, a comprehensive case study approach was adopted. The study examined the socio-economic characteristics and residential histories of the house owners, the characteristics of the houses and the resources they deployed in the housing production process. Multiple techniques of questionnaires, in depth interview and observation were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data from one half (n= 926) of the Ogbere house owners in the study area. The findings form a paradigm for low income housing in Nigeria and the developing world.
This paper examines the responses of residents to farming within the Obafemi Awolowo University s... more This paper examines the responses of residents to farming within the Obafemi Awolowo University staff housing estate. The rationale is that given the current situation where some residents continue to farm in seeming violation of regulations, it is useful to gain understanding of their attitudes to this phenomenon. A survey approach was adopted for data collection using the questionnaire, including structured and open-ended questions. Findings show that farming in one form or the other was practiced by 44 of the 70 respondents (62.9%). Farming activities were linked to house types, as the detached housing units provided some level of independence for residents to engage in farming. Most farming activities took place in the backyard of the house (68.2%). The main reasons given by respondents for farming were: as a form of recreation and to supplement household consumption in order to improve the household food security, rather than for commercial purposes. The study indicates a highe...
The shopping mall has emerged as an important component of many cities. While the rapid developme... more The shopping mall has emerged as an important component of many cities. While the rapid development of malls and the increasing patronage show their viability and acceptance by the populace, respectively, there is a dearth of studies that examine the impact of its physical and behavioural attributes on attachment. This study examines the effect of physical characteristics, activities, and socioeconomic characteristics on place attachment to the first standalone mall in Ibadan, Nigeria. From a sampling frame of 7, 115 shoppers, quantitative data was obtained from 350 respondents using systematic sampling on April 29, 2017, through a structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using mean, factor analysis, cross-tabulation, correlation, and categorical regression. The findings show that the most prevalent activities are meeting others (α = 0.77); leisure (α = 0.75); and, parties and hanging out (α = 0.70). The important physical attributes are circulation, wayfinding, and aesthetics (α = 0.87); access to mechanical conveyors, mall decoration, and quality materials (α = 0.80); and, ambience (α =0.79). However, the regression results show that the most important factors of attachment are access to mechanical conveyors, mall decoration, and quality materials (β = 0.334); leisure (β = 0.279); purchasing activities (β = 0.236); and, meeting others (β = 0.165). Hence, these factors should be considered in creating new malls in the city. In the context of urbanism, this is key to the social and economic revitalization of cities. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Publisher's Note: Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Small-scale contractors have been noted to play a vital role in providing housing for the teeming... more Small-scale contractors have been noted to play a vital role in providing housing for the teeming urban population in informal settlements of developing countries. This paper examined the quality of housing produced by small-scale contractors based on empirical data obtained from an informal settlement located in Ayobo on the outskirts of Lagos, Nigeria where activities of small-scale contractors is evident. The survey research method was employed to solicit both quantitative and qualitative data from small-scale contractors and owner-occupiers in the study area. Quantitative data were analysed using content analysis technique while qualitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20. Findings reveal that respondents generally rated their housing positively. However, dwelling unit attributes and the building components of the housing were more highly rated than neighbourhood attributes. Specifically, condition of roofs and privacy were rated highest (4.25) followed by thermal comfo...
House mean different things to different people. House could be a dwelling, home, hut, place for;... more House mean different things to different people. House could be a dwelling, home, hut, place for; entertainment, rest, sleeping, receiving guest, and a palace. The interpretation of house as shelter makes it a basic necessities of life. Thus the focus of the paper is to identify and document house types in Benin by observing the physical characteristics and type’s classification from the organization and pattern of architectural plan documented. The study explored qualitative and quantitative approach using observations, descriptive frequency, architectural sketches, photographs and interview guide. The findings revealed a cross sectional characterising and classifying houses in Benin City, Nigeria which reflect the typical cross section structure of a traditional city. The result of study would however, influence professional in built environment and policy maker decision positively.
This study examined the aesthetic rating of 9 domestic buildings comprising 3 ""modern,... more This study examined the aesthetic rating of 9 domestic buildings comprising 3 ""modern,"" 3 ""post-modern"" and 3 ""local vernacular"" examples. In the context of a simple experiment, 15 architecture students and 15 medical students responded to the 9 domestic buildings by rating them on a provided scales. The stimuli-conditions were 9 photographs of the domestic buildings. The ratings and the rank order in terms of aesthetic preference and the differences or lack of them between architects and doctors provided the basis for analysis and discussion.
The aim of this essay is to discuss the essential features of a relevant conceptual framework for... more The aim of this essay is to discuss the essential features of a relevant conceptual framework for the history of architecture in Nigeria. The rationale is first of all that history is central to the enterprise of architecture as a whole and as such a framework is useful if history of architecture is to take its proper place in the practice, theory and teaching of architecture, particularly in relation to the cultural relevance of history. Secondly there are lessons to be learnt, from the Nigerian situation, which have wider application in the African context in part because of some of the historical precedents and cultural conditions that are common to African nations. First the essay discusses the significance of history to the theory, practice and teaching of architecture in general. Second, the current condition of history of architecture in Nigeria is analyzed, especially in relation to the education of the architect. It is thus concluded that the current condition is over weste...
Housing needs abound in every country, particularly in the developing countries. The needs are mo... more Housing needs abound in every country, particularly in the developing countries. The needs are more prevalent in the urban centres. This study conducted in Oke-Foko, Ibadan focused on a particular area of the city, the core, in order to examine the housing needs in that context. The housing needs in this context were investigated in a survey conducted in 2013. The bottom-up approach, considered to be responsive, was adopted in which residents assessed their housing and housing environment and thus defined their housing needs. The results showed that the needs of residents were defined by the perceived crowding and adequacy of their physical environment including neighbourhood and infrastructure. The findings suggest that adequate attention be given to amenities, neighbourhood facilities such as open spaces, outdoor spaces and most importantly housing unit facilities such as toilet, bathroom, cooking spaces and storage spaces as needs that are important for providing acceptable house...
Domestic architecture over centuries in Benin, southern Nigeria has undergone series of transform... more Domestic architecture over centuries in Benin, southern Nigeria has undergone series of transformation. Benin Empire which spread to Ga tribe in Ghana, Dahomey in republic of Benin and Cameroun in eastern coast has an admirable architecture which was compare to the architecture in Amsterdam, Netherlands. But due to urbanization, peri-urbanization, growth and development, there has been neck and neck transition in domestic architecture across the crosssection of the City. Hence the focus of the paper is to examine the domestic architecture transition in Benin, Nigeria from pre-independence to contemporary architecture. For purpose of the study, pre-independence architecture can be captured under: i. pre-colonial architecture and ii. Colonial Architecture. While contemporary architecture was captured as i. independence architecture and ii. Post-independence architecture. The transitions in architecture were identified along timeline and the timelines produced four (4) distinct residen...
There are many features of the Nigerian society today that may be described as legacies of the Br... more There are many features of the Nigerian society today that may be described as legacies of the British colonial history. One of the most notable perhaps because of its visibility are some physical features of those cities which were administrative centers under the colonial rule and have remained in that capacity in one form or the other after independence. These cities have in turn become models for other cities particularly in the south-western Yoruba area of Nigeria. Perhaps the most widespread of these features of the colonial city is the concept of residential segregation within the city. The concept of the colonial "Government Residential Area" is aparently the model for planning the modem residential estates in several other cities. This concept involves the creation of large plots with a single family detaches house as the main building and a smaller detached bungalow behind it as the servants quarters in what has been described as the "colonial bungalow-compo...
The literature indicates that most housing in the urban areas of many countries in the global Sou... more The literature indicates that most housing in the urban areas of many countries in the global South is in informal settlements, provided through informal mechanisms that are often not well understood. This paper contributes to understanding the forces influencing real estate markets in informal settlements, drawing on a case study of the under-researched Ayobo community in Lagos, Nigeria. The paper examines the roles played by government agencies and other market actors, including buyers, sellers, informants, financiers and witnesses, in relation to the operation and regulation of informal land markets. The analysis of the data, drawn from a survey and interviews, reveals a thriving property market, which is socially if not formally regulated. The paper concludes that this flourishing informal market needs strengthening to effectively meet the housing needs of urban residents.
International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR, Mar 30, 2017
Low-income housing is often studied in a top down approach by experts and researchers. The Ogbere... more Low-income housing is often studied in a top down approach by experts and researchers. The Ogbere case study in the outskirts of Ibadan represents housing built by low-income people and therefore a context to understand how the poor provides housing. It is evident from Ogbere that most of the housing producers earlier lived in Yoruba vernacular family houses where they acquired knowledge about the vernacular model they built. This knowledge contributed to their ability to attain housing contrary to their income level. In order to understand low-income housing production in the context of Ogbere, a comprehensive case study approach was adopted. The study examined the socio-economic characteristics and residential histories of the house owners, the characteristics of the houses and the resources they deployed in the housing production process. Multiple techniques of questionnaires, in depth interview and observation were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data from one half (n= 926) of the Ogbere house owners in the study area. The findings form a paradigm for low income housing in Nigeria and the developing world.
This paper examines the responses of residents to farming within the Obafemi Awolowo University s... more This paper examines the responses of residents to farming within the Obafemi Awolowo University staff housing estate. The rationale is that given the current situation where some residents continue to farm in seeming violation of regulations, it is useful to gain understanding of their attitudes to this phenomenon. A survey approach was adopted for data collection using the questionnaire, including structured and open-ended questions. Findings show that farming in one form or the other was practiced by 44 of the 70 respondents (62.9%). Farming activities were linked to house types, as the detached housing units provided some level of independence for residents to engage in farming. Most farming activities took place in the backyard of the house (68.2%). The main reasons given by respondents for farming were: as a form of recreation and to supplement household consumption in order to improve the household food security, rather than for commercial purposes. The study indicates a highe...
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