5th ISOCARD Conference proceedings, Laâyoune, Morocco, Nov 15, 2018
Aim: Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of ca... more Aim: Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of camel milk mixed with camel urine and camel urine alone on hematological parameters of albino rats. Materials and Methods: 30 Wister Albino rats of both sexes weighing 85-105 g were brought and divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) received normal saline, group 2 rats received fresh urine from young female camel (Bekra) (6 month up to 2 years old) at 1ml/100gm body weight, group 3 administered with an early morning fresh milk collected from different female camels mixed with the fresh camel urine which collected as mentioned in group 2 by a percentage of (1:1) at the rate of 2ml/100g. All treatments given by an oral intubation, experiment lasts for 29 days then rats were euthanized, clinical signs and post-mortem findings were recorded, Blood samples were obtained from the orbital plexus of rats on day zero, day 15 and on day 29 of the experiment, we put it into dry clean bottles with anticoagulant for analyzing activities of hematological parameters which include haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cells (RBCs) counts, beside red blood cell indices which include, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Data were entered and analyzed using SAS statistical package. Numerical data were expressed as means and standard errors. Results: The mean values of PCV fluctuate within normal range in all groups and showed no significant difference between the test and control groups in all days of the experiment, while the mean values of Hb showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group), also the mean values of RBC showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group) while there's no significant change in all other groups. The mean values of MCV showed significant increase in group 2 (urine group) and group 3(milk and urine), While values of MCH showed fluctuating differences in all groups. We found that MCHC values showed significant decrease in all groups specially in group 3 (milk and urine) in which the decrease was more significantly throughout the experimental period compared to other groups. Conclusion: Hematological effects of camel's milk and urine mixture were recorded, and this could be attributed to its nutrient activity because our trial approved that camel's milk could be useful in supporting and enhancing blood parameters but in the other hand camels urine could have a negative impact by decrease it.
Une enquete a ete realisee aupres de 100 eleveurs de dromadaires repartis sur les trois zones de ... more Une enquete a ete realisee aupres de 100 eleveurs de dromadaires repartis sur les trois zones de la willaya de Ghardaia. Les informations recueillies ont permis d'elaborer une typologie structurale des systemes d'elevages pratiques apres analyse statistique. Celle-ci a fait ressortir 5 types d'eleveurs camelins representant leur diversite. Type 1: representant 33% de l'effectif des eleveurs enquetes; ce sont des eleveurs qui possedent des troupeaux mixtes (camelins, ovins et caprins) avec un faible effectif camelin ou que des troupeaux camelins avec un faible effectif. Type 2: (19% des eleveurs) ces eleveurs possedent des troupeaux mixtes a dominance cameline. Type 3: (18% des eleveurs) ces eleveurs possedent des troupeaux mixtes a dominance ovine avec un effectif moyen de camelins. Type 4: (11% des eleveurs) ces eleveurs possedent des troupeaux d'ovins et camelins seulement. Type 5: (19% des eleveurs) ils possedent des troupeaux mixtes a dominance ovine et un ef...
Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux
Dans la province de Laâyoune au Maroc, la mortalité des jeunes dromadaires avant sevrage était im... more Dans la province de Laâyoune au Maroc, la mortalité des jeunes dromadaires avant sevrage était importante sans qu'aucune étiologie évidente n'ait été identifiée. Afin de disposer d'une base d'échantillonage pour choisir les troupeaux qui feront l'objet d'un suivi, une typologie des éleveurs et de leurs pratiques a été réalisée par enquête transversale rétrospective auprès des éleveurs de la province de Laâyoune. Au terme de l'enquête, 170 éleveurs ont été interrogés, soit 10 % des éleveurs recensés, représentant 12 000 dromadaires, soit 44 % des dromadaires recensés dans la province de Laâyoune. L'analyse multivariée effectuée sur les données regroupées parthèmes a permis de déterminer 4 types d'organisation des éleveurs en fonction de la taille du troupeau, 4 types de stratégie de déplacement selon les conditions bioclimatiques et 3 types de pratique d'élevage. Ces trois typologies n'étaient pas corrélées. D'après la quantité d'in...
The present study aimed to collect data related to skin diseases in dromedary camels in the south... more The present study aimed to collect data related to skin diseases in dromedary camels in the south of Morocco. As a whole, 168 herds from 9 provinces located in the south of Morocco have been prospected. Finally, 275 camels were involved in this monitoring, presenting 336 skin disease cases with different etiologies (bacterial, viral and parasitic). Mite and dermatophyte infections were predominant with 52% and 30% as respective proportions. On average, 11% and 7% of all cases detected suffered respectively from lymphadenitis and camelpox/ecthyma. Skin diseases in dromedary camels are highly affected by the animal's sex, as females were more affected than males; age seemed to have no effect. The absence of systematic treatment and prevention, even though these infections are all treatable, may somehow explain the recidivism of skin diseases in the herd every year.
Introduction Promoting camel dromedary as livestock animal is a strategic issue for the economic ... more Introduction Promoting camel dromedary as livestock animal is a strategic issue for the economic development of Southern provinces of Morocco. However, this promotion is limited by zootechnical and socio-economic constraints as well health conditions, particularly, skin diseases that represent major concern for both veterinary authorities and camel farmers. Recent studies on the characteristics of mineral metabolism in camels showed that it differs from other species by a remarkable adaptability to sub-mineral nutrition (Faye et al., 2000). However, due to prolonged exposure to under-nutrition and years of recurring drought in southern Morocco, the camel could suffer from deficiencies in essential minerals, some of which may be the cause of skin sensitivity to diseases. Thus, the present work is part of a study on the relationship between skin diseases and mineral deficiencies in camels in Morocco.
Introduction The dromedary camel is an animal well adapted to extreme temperature conditions and ... more Introduction The dromedary camel is an animal well adapted to extreme temperature conditions and osmotic fluctuations (Yagil, 1986). Camel adaptation to dehydration is the consequence of its anatomic and physiologic particularities (Bengoumi et Faye, 2002). It has been shown, that dromedary camel kidney function is one of the most important factors of its ability to adapt to extreme conditions of osmotic stress and additional water needs as during milking periods (Yagil, 1993, Bengoumi et al., 1993).
Nowadays there is an increasing interest in camel's milk for human nutrition due to its funct... more Nowadays there is an increasing interest in camel's milk for human nutrition due to its functional properties. As a result of market demands for milk production, intensive dairy camel's farms using modern machine milking have been recently estabilished around the world. Efficient milking are related to the good milking ability of animal (machine milked). Camels should be chosen with good udder and teat conformations because of its direct effects on ease of milking and milk hygiene. There are a huge variation in size of teats (length and diameter) between camels. These variations might cause some problems during machine milking and require special settings and practice during milking. Therefore, the necessity to design specific milking clusters for lactating camels, with longer and wider cups than dairy cows. Milking camels at 50 kPa and 60 pulsations/min improved milking efficiency without affecting teat condition and udder health; camels were able to let down more milk in a...
Camel products are receiving great interest worldwide because of their high functional properties... more Camel products are receiving great interest worldwide because of their high functional properties and nutritive values. Therefore, this study was focused on the variation of copper [Cu], zinc [Zn], manganese [Mn], selenium [Se], iron [Fe], iodine [I], and some heavy metals, cobalt [Co], lead [Pb], and cadmium [Cd], in the blood and tissues of slaughtered camels from five regions in Saudi Arabia [SA] during the summer and winter seasons, because environmental factors vary from region to region. Whole blood, meat, liver, rumen fluid, and rumen tissues were collected from the slaughterhouse in each region during the two seasons. Moreover, samples were prepared and analyzed for trace mineral and heavy metal concentrations using ICP-MS. The data were statistically analyzed as part of a complete randomized design and correlation analysis for season and location using SAS. The findings revealed a pattern in the minerals, with Ca being the only mineral that was unrelated to other minerals i...
This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional values of female camels’ milk and the min... more This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional values of female camels’ milk and the minerals status, for them and their calves, when fed a total mixed ration (TMR) beside alfalfa hay during winter. Thirty-seven lactating multiparous female camels and their calves were selected at mid-lactation in the Al-Kharj region. Group one was fed only alfalfa hay ad libitum (C) and group two was supplemented with a total mixed ratio (TMR; 4 kg/head/day), primarily containing a mix of barley grain, wheat feed, palm kernel cake, soya hulls, vitamins and minerals. Milk and blood samples were collected in the middle of the winter season and analyzed for minerals using ICP-OES. A significant (p < 0.05) higher concentration was observed for protein and inorganic matter in milk from female camels supplemented with TMR in the T group. In addition, Mg, Co, Fe and Zn levels in milk significantly (p < 0.05) increased compared with the control group (C). Blood serum concentrations of Ca, P,...
Third International Selçuk-Ephesus Symposium on Culture of Camel Dealing and Camel Wrestling, 2019
Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of camel m... more Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of camel milk mixed with camel urine and camel urine alone on hematological parameters of albino rats. Materials and Methods: 30 Wister Albino rats of both sexes weighing 85-105 g were brought and divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) received normal saline, group 2 rats received fresh urine from young female camel (Bekra) (6 month up to 2 years old) at 1ml/100gm body weight, group 3 administered with an early morning fresh milk collected from different female camels mixed with the fresh camel urine which collected as mentioned in group 2 by a percentage of (1:1) at the rate of 2ml/100g. All treatments given by an oral intubation, experiment lasts for 29 days then rats were euthanized, clinical signs and post-mortem findings were recorded, Blood samples were obtained from the orbital plexus of rats on day zero, day 15 and on day 29 of the experiment, we put it into dry clean bottles with anticoagulant for analyzing activities of hematological parameters which include haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cells (RBCs) counts, beside red blood cell indices which include, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Data were entered and analyzed using SAS statistical package. Numerical data were expressed as means and standard errors. Results: The mean values of PCV fluctuate within normal range in all groups and showed no significant difference between the test and control groups in all days of the experiment, while the mean values of Hb showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group), also the mean values of RBC showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group) while there's no significant change in all other groups. The mean values of MCV showed significant increase in group 2 (urine group) and group 3(milk and urine), While values of MCH showed fluctuating differences in all groups. We found that MCHC values showed significant decrease in all groups specially in group 3 (milk and urine) in which the decrease was more significantly throughout the experimental period compared to other groups. Conclusion: Hematological effects of camel's milk and urine mixture were recorded, and this could be attributed to its nutrient activity because our trial approved that camel's 150 milk could be useful in supporting and enhancing blood parameters but in the other hand camels urine could have a negative impact by decrease it
Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 1997
Dans un essai effectué sur cinq dromadaires recevant une ration de base couvrant leurs besoins d&... more Dans un essai effectué sur cinq dromadaires recevant une ration de base couvrant leurs besoins d'entretien, une complémentation minérale à base de sulfates de cuivre, zinc, manganèse et cobalt, d'iodure et de sélénite a été distribuée pendant trois mois, après trois semaines d'adaptation. Après arrêt de la complémentation, les animaux ont été suivis pendant trois autres mois. Des prélèvements de sang, de fèces et de foie par biopsie ont été régulièrement effectués pour doser le cuivre et le zinc. Le fer et le manganèse ont été analysés dans les fèces et les rations seulement. Au cours des trois phases de l'essai, la cuprémie moyenne était de 44, 63 et 57 g/100 ml et la zincémie de 35, 36 et 42 g/100 ml. La complémentation minérale a donc augmenté les concentrations en cuivre au niveau plasmatique et hépatique, mais n'a pas modifié les teneurs en zinc. La concentration fécale de cuivre, zinc et manganèse a augmenté pendant la phase de complémentation, mais le taux...
The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) is well suited to the desert environment due to its remar... more The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) is well suited to the desert environment due to its remarkable physiological and metabolic adaptation. Nutrients requirements of the camel are not well defined, particularly that of trace elements. Selenium supplementation is often recommended to treat conditions attributed to Se deficiency such as cardiomyopathy. This paper reports the results of four experiments carried out using pregnant, non-pregnant, young and adult female camels. The commercial source of Se (i.e. sodium selenite) was used to provide supplementary levels between 0 to 16 mg of Se/day. The concentration of Se in serum and the activity of erythrocytes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured. The Se concentration in serum of camels increased linearly with increased Se supplementation levels from 0 to 4 mg/day, then plateau when levels further increased to a maximum of 16 mg/day. The average Se concentration (expressed as ng/ml) ranged between 100 and 500. Similar trend ...
5th ISOCARD Conference proceedings, Laâyoune, Morocco, Nov 15, 2018
Aim: Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of ca... more Aim: Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of camel milk mixed with camel urine and camel urine alone on hematological parameters of albino rats. Materials and Methods: 30 Wister Albino rats of both sexes weighing 85-105 g were brought and divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) received normal saline, group 2 rats received fresh urine from young female camel (Bekra) (6 month up to 2 years old) at 1ml/100gm body weight, group 3 administered with an early morning fresh milk collected from different female camels mixed with the fresh camel urine which collected as mentioned in group 2 by a percentage of (1:1) at the rate of 2ml/100g. All treatments given by an oral intubation, experiment lasts for 29 days then rats were euthanized, clinical signs and post-mortem findings were recorded, Blood samples were obtained from the orbital plexus of rats on day zero, day 15 and on day 29 of the experiment, we put it into dry clean bottles with anticoagulant for analyzing activities of hematological parameters which include haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cells (RBCs) counts, beside red blood cell indices which include, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Data were entered and analyzed using SAS statistical package. Numerical data were expressed as means and standard errors. Results: The mean values of PCV fluctuate within normal range in all groups and showed no significant difference between the test and control groups in all days of the experiment, while the mean values of Hb showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group), also the mean values of RBC showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group) while there's no significant change in all other groups. The mean values of MCV showed significant increase in group 2 (urine group) and group 3(milk and urine), While values of MCH showed fluctuating differences in all groups. We found that MCHC values showed significant decrease in all groups specially in group 3 (milk and urine) in which the decrease was more significantly throughout the experimental period compared to other groups. Conclusion: Hematological effects of camel's milk and urine mixture were recorded, and this could be attributed to its nutrient activity because our trial approved that camel's milk could be useful in supporting and enhancing blood parameters but in the other hand camels urine could have a negative impact by decrease it.
Une enquete a ete realisee aupres de 100 eleveurs de dromadaires repartis sur les trois zones de ... more Une enquete a ete realisee aupres de 100 eleveurs de dromadaires repartis sur les trois zones de la willaya de Ghardaia. Les informations recueillies ont permis d'elaborer une typologie structurale des systemes d'elevages pratiques apres analyse statistique. Celle-ci a fait ressortir 5 types d'eleveurs camelins representant leur diversite. Type 1: representant 33% de l'effectif des eleveurs enquetes; ce sont des eleveurs qui possedent des troupeaux mixtes (camelins, ovins et caprins) avec un faible effectif camelin ou que des troupeaux camelins avec un faible effectif. Type 2: (19% des eleveurs) ces eleveurs possedent des troupeaux mixtes a dominance cameline. Type 3: (18% des eleveurs) ces eleveurs possedent des troupeaux mixtes a dominance ovine avec un effectif moyen de camelins. Type 4: (11% des eleveurs) ces eleveurs possedent des troupeaux d'ovins et camelins seulement. Type 5: (19% des eleveurs) ils possedent des troupeaux mixtes a dominance ovine et un ef...
Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux
Dans la province de Laâyoune au Maroc, la mortalité des jeunes dromadaires avant sevrage était im... more Dans la province de Laâyoune au Maroc, la mortalité des jeunes dromadaires avant sevrage était importante sans qu'aucune étiologie évidente n'ait été identifiée. Afin de disposer d'une base d'échantillonage pour choisir les troupeaux qui feront l'objet d'un suivi, une typologie des éleveurs et de leurs pratiques a été réalisée par enquête transversale rétrospective auprès des éleveurs de la province de Laâyoune. Au terme de l'enquête, 170 éleveurs ont été interrogés, soit 10 % des éleveurs recensés, représentant 12 000 dromadaires, soit 44 % des dromadaires recensés dans la province de Laâyoune. L'analyse multivariée effectuée sur les données regroupées parthèmes a permis de déterminer 4 types d'organisation des éleveurs en fonction de la taille du troupeau, 4 types de stratégie de déplacement selon les conditions bioclimatiques et 3 types de pratique d'élevage. Ces trois typologies n'étaient pas corrélées. D'après la quantité d'in...
The present study aimed to collect data related to skin diseases in dromedary camels in the south... more The present study aimed to collect data related to skin diseases in dromedary camels in the south of Morocco. As a whole, 168 herds from 9 provinces located in the south of Morocco have been prospected. Finally, 275 camels were involved in this monitoring, presenting 336 skin disease cases with different etiologies (bacterial, viral and parasitic). Mite and dermatophyte infections were predominant with 52% and 30% as respective proportions. On average, 11% and 7% of all cases detected suffered respectively from lymphadenitis and camelpox/ecthyma. Skin diseases in dromedary camels are highly affected by the animal's sex, as females were more affected than males; age seemed to have no effect. The absence of systematic treatment and prevention, even though these infections are all treatable, may somehow explain the recidivism of skin diseases in the herd every year.
Introduction Promoting camel dromedary as livestock animal is a strategic issue for the economic ... more Introduction Promoting camel dromedary as livestock animal is a strategic issue for the economic development of Southern provinces of Morocco. However, this promotion is limited by zootechnical and socio-economic constraints as well health conditions, particularly, skin diseases that represent major concern for both veterinary authorities and camel farmers. Recent studies on the characteristics of mineral metabolism in camels showed that it differs from other species by a remarkable adaptability to sub-mineral nutrition (Faye et al., 2000). However, due to prolonged exposure to under-nutrition and years of recurring drought in southern Morocco, the camel could suffer from deficiencies in essential minerals, some of which may be the cause of skin sensitivity to diseases. Thus, the present work is part of a study on the relationship between skin diseases and mineral deficiencies in camels in Morocco.
Introduction The dromedary camel is an animal well adapted to extreme temperature conditions and ... more Introduction The dromedary camel is an animal well adapted to extreme temperature conditions and osmotic fluctuations (Yagil, 1986). Camel adaptation to dehydration is the consequence of its anatomic and physiologic particularities (Bengoumi et Faye, 2002). It has been shown, that dromedary camel kidney function is one of the most important factors of its ability to adapt to extreme conditions of osmotic stress and additional water needs as during milking periods (Yagil, 1993, Bengoumi et al., 1993).
Nowadays there is an increasing interest in camel's milk for human nutrition due to its funct... more Nowadays there is an increasing interest in camel's milk for human nutrition due to its functional properties. As a result of market demands for milk production, intensive dairy camel's farms using modern machine milking have been recently estabilished around the world. Efficient milking are related to the good milking ability of animal (machine milked). Camels should be chosen with good udder and teat conformations because of its direct effects on ease of milking and milk hygiene. There are a huge variation in size of teats (length and diameter) between camels. These variations might cause some problems during machine milking and require special settings and practice during milking. Therefore, the necessity to design specific milking clusters for lactating camels, with longer and wider cups than dairy cows. Milking camels at 50 kPa and 60 pulsations/min improved milking efficiency without affecting teat condition and udder health; camels were able to let down more milk in a...
Camel products are receiving great interest worldwide because of their high functional properties... more Camel products are receiving great interest worldwide because of their high functional properties and nutritive values. Therefore, this study was focused on the variation of copper [Cu], zinc [Zn], manganese [Mn], selenium [Se], iron [Fe], iodine [I], and some heavy metals, cobalt [Co], lead [Pb], and cadmium [Cd], in the blood and tissues of slaughtered camels from five regions in Saudi Arabia [SA] during the summer and winter seasons, because environmental factors vary from region to region. Whole blood, meat, liver, rumen fluid, and rumen tissues were collected from the slaughterhouse in each region during the two seasons. Moreover, samples were prepared and analyzed for trace mineral and heavy metal concentrations using ICP-MS. The data were statistically analyzed as part of a complete randomized design and correlation analysis for season and location using SAS. The findings revealed a pattern in the minerals, with Ca being the only mineral that was unrelated to other minerals i...
This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional values of female camels’ milk and the min... more This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional values of female camels’ milk and the minerals status, for them and their calves, when fed a total mixed ration (TMR) beside alfalfa hay during winter. Thirty-seven lactating multiparous female camels and their calves were selected at mid-lactation in the Al-Kharj region. Group one was fed only alfalfa hay ad libitum (C) and group two was supplemented with a total mixed ratio (TMR; 4 kg/head/day), primarily containing a mix of barley grain, wheat feed, palm kernel cake, soya hulls, vitamins and minerals. Milk and blood samples were collected in the middle of the winter season and analyzed for minerals using ICP-OES. A significant (p < 0.05) higher concentration was observed for protein and inorganic matter in milk from female camels supplemented with TMR in the T group. In addition, Mg, Co, Fe and Zn levels in milk significantly (p < 0.05) increased compared with the control group (C). Blood serum concentrations of Ca, P,...
Third International Selçuk-Ephesus Symposium on Culture of Camel Dealing and Camel Wrestling, 2019
Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of camel m... more Study was designed and implemented at university of Khartoum to investigate the effect of camel milk mixed with camel urine and camel urine alone on hematological parameters of albino rats. Materials and Methods: 30 Wister Albino rats of both sexes weighing 85-105 g were brought and divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) received normal saline, group 2 rats received fresh urine from young female camel (Bekra) (6 month up to 2 years old) at 1ml/100gm body weight, group 3 administered with an early morning fresh milk collected from different female camels mixed with the fresh camel urine which collected as mentioned in group 2 by a percentage of (1:1) at the rate of 2ml/100g. All treatments given by an oral intubation, experiment lasts for 29 days then rats were euthanized, clinical signs and post-mortem findings were recorded, Blood samples were obtained from the orbital plexus of rats on day zero, day 15 and on day 29 of the experiment, we put it into dry clean bottles with anticoagulant for analyzing activities of hematological parameters which include haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cells (RBCs) counts, beside red blood cell indices which include, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Data were entered and analyzed using SAS statistical package. Numerical data were expressed as means and standard errors. Results: The mean values of PCV fluctuate within normal range in all groups and showed no significant difference between the test and control groups in all days of the experiment, while the mean values of Hb showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group), also the mean values of RBC showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group) while there's no significant change in all other groups. The mean values of MCV showed significant increase in group 2 (urine group) and group 3(milk and urine), While values of MCH showed fluctuating differences in all groups. We found that MCHC values showed significant decrease in all groups specially in group 3 (milk and urine) in which the decrease was more significantly throughout the experimental period compared to other groups. Conclusion: Hematological effects of camel's milk and urine mixture were recorded, and this could be attributed to its nutrient activity because our trial approved that camel's 150 milk could be useful in supporting and enhancing blood parameters but in the other hand camels urine could have a negative impact by decrease it
Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 1997
Dans un essai effectué sur cinq dromadaires recevant une ration de base couvrant leurs besoins d&... more Dans un essai effectué sur cinq dromadaires recevant une ration de base couvrant leurs besoins d'entretien, une complémentation minérale à base de sulfates de cuivre, zinc, manganèse et cobalt, d'iodure et de sélénite a été distribuée pendant trois mois, après trois semaines d'adaptation. Après arrêt de la complémentation, les animaux ont été suivis pendant trois autres mois. Des prélèvements de sang, de fèces et de foie par biopsie ont été régulièrement effectués pour doser le cuivre et le zinc. Le fer et le manganèse ont été analysés dans les fèces et les rations seulement. Au cours des trois phases de l'essai, la cuprémie moyenne était de 44, 63 et 57 g/100 ml et la zincémie de 35, 36 et 42 g/100 ml. La complémentation minérale a donc augmenté les concentrations en cuivre au niveau plasmatique et hépatique, mais n'a pas modifié les teneurs en zinc. La concentration fécale de cuivre, zinc et manganèse a augmenté pendant la phase de complémentation, mais le taux...
The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) is well suited to the desert environment due to its remar... more The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) is well suited to the desert environment due to its remarkable physiological and metabolic adaptation. Nutrients requirements of the camel are not well defined, particularly that of trace elements. Selenium supplementation is often recommended to treat conditions attributed to Se deficiency such as cardiomyopathy. This paper reports the results of four experiments carried out using pregnant, non-pregnant, young and adult female camels. The commercial source of Se (i.e. sodium selenite) was used to provide supplementary levels between 0 to 16 mg of Se/day. The concentration of Se in serum and the activity of erythrocytes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured. The Se concentration in serum of camels increased linearly with increased Se supplementation levels from 0 to 4 mg/day, then plateau when levels further increased to a maximum of 16 mg/day. The average Se concentration (expressed as ng/ml) ranged between 100 and 500. Similar trend ...
Quatorze dromadaire multipares en debut (n = 7; 68±6 DIM ; 5.2±1.0 kg/j) et fin de lactation (n =... more Quatorze dromadaire multipares en debut (n = 7; 68±6 DIM ; 5.2±1.0 kg/j) et fin de lactation (n = 7; 353±8 DIM ; 3.6±1.2 kg/j) ont ete utilises pour etudier les effets a court terme du niveau de vide (45 a 50 kPa) et du taux de pulsation (52 et 60 pulsations/min) sur l'efficacite de la machine a traire en systeme intensif. Une machine a traire avec pots trayeurs et pulsateur electronique a ete utilisee pour la traite deux fois par jour. Production et flux de lait ont ete enregistres par les compteurs de lait Lactocorder ®. A la traite du matin, les volumes de traites par la machine (MM), le lait egouttage machine (MSM) et le lait residuel (RM) ont ete enregistres pendant deux jours differents. Le stade de lactation affecte significativement les fractions du lait et les flux de lait pendant la traite. Le niveau de vide de 50 kPa et un taux de pulsation de 60/min n'ont pas modifie le pourcentage de MM, mais a diminue (P<0,05) le MSM (de 15,2 a 5,9 %) et RM (de 44.1 a 29,8 %...
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Materials and Methods: 30 Wister Albino rats of both sexes weighing 85-105 g were brought and divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) received normal saline, group 2 rats received fresh urine from young female camel (Bekra) (6 month up to 2 years old) at 1ml/100gm body weight, group 3 administered with an early morning fresh milk collected from different female camels mixed with the fresh camel urine which collected as mentioned in group 2 by a percentage of (1:1) at the rate of 2ml/100g. All treatments given by an oral intubation, experiment lasts for 29 days then rats were euthanized, clinical signs and post-mortem findings were recorded, Blood samples were obtained from the orbital plexus of rats on day zero, day 15 and on day 29 of the experiment, we put it into dry clean bottles with anticoagulant for analyzing activities of hematological parameters which include haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cells (RBCs) counts, beside red blood cell indices which include, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Data were entered and analyzed using SAS statistical package. Numerical data were expressed as means and standard errors.
Results: The mean values of PCV fluctuate within normal range in all groups and showed no significant difference between the test and control groups in all days of the experiment, while the mean values of Hb showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group), also the mean values of RBC showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group) while there's no significant change in all other groups. The mean values of MCV showed significant increase in group 2 (urine group) and group 3(milk and urine), While values of MCH showed fluctuating differences in all groups. We found that MCHC values showed significant decrease in all groups specially in group 3 (milk and urine) in which the decrease was more significantly throughout the experimental period compared to other groups.
Conclusion: Hematological effects of camel's milk and urine mixture were recorded, and this could be attributed to its nutrient activity because our trial approved that camel's milk could be useful in supporting and enhancing blood parameters but in the other hand camels urine could have a negative impact by decrease it.
Materials and Methods: 30 Wister Albino rats of both sexes weighing 85-105 g were brought and divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (control group) received normal saline, group 2 rats received fresh urine from young female camel (Bekra) (6 month up to 2 years old) at 1ml/100gm body weight, group 3 administered with an early morning fresh milk collected from different female camels mixed with the fresh camel urine which collected as mentioned in group 2 by a percentage of (1:1) at the rate of 2ml/100g. All treatments given by an oral intubation, experiment lasts for 29 days then rats were euthanized, clinical signs and post-mortem findings were recorded, Blood samples were obtained from the orbital plexus of rats on day zero, day 15 and on day 29 of the experiment, we put it into dry clean bottles with anticoagulant for analyzing activities of hematological parameters which include haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cells (RBCs) counts, beside red blood cell indices which include, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Data were entered and analyzed using SAS statistical package. Numerical data were expressed as means and standard errors.
Results: The mean values of PCV fluctuate within normal range in all groups and showed no significant difference between the test and control groups in all days of the experiment, while the mean values of Hb showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group), also the mean values of RBC showed significant decrease in group 2 (urine group) while there's no significant change in all other groups. The mean values of MCV showed significant increase in group 2 (urine group) and group 3(milk and urine), While values of MCH showed fluctuating differences in all groups. We found that MCHC values showed significant decrease in all groups specially in group 3 (milk and urine) in which the decrease was more significantly throughout the experimental period compared to other groups.
Conclusion: Hematological effects of camel's milk and urine mixture were recorded, and this could be attributed to its nutrient activity because our trial approved that camel's milk could be useful in supporting and enhancing blood parameters but in the other hand camels urine could have a negative impact by decrease it.