Life sciences research is increasingly international and data-intensive. Researchers work in mult... more Life sciences research is increasingly international and data-intensive. Researchers work in multi-jurisdictional teams or formally established research consortia to exchange data and conduct research using computation of multiple sources and volumes of data at multiple sites and through multiple pathways. Despite the internationalization and data intensification of research, the same ethics review process as applies to single-site studies in one country tends to apply to multi-site studies in multiple countries. Because of the standard requirement for multi-jurisdictional or multi-site ethics review, international research projects are subjected to multiple ethics reviews of the same research protocol. Consequently, the reviews may be redundant and resource-consuming, whilst the opinions delivered by ethics committees may be inconsistent both within and across jurisdictions. In this article, we present findings based on interviews conducted with international experts in research ethics on the topic of ethics review mutual recognition. We explore the issues associated with ethics committee review of multi-jurisdictional data-intensive research projects, identifying current problems, real-life experiences, and potential solutions that are both bottom-up (via researchers, participants and publics) and top-down (via statutory regulation), as well as challenges in achieving both. On the whole, participants recommended multiple changes to the current ethics review
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 13576270701255172, Apr 24, 2007
ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland c... more ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland changed greatly. These changes are reflected in funerary practices and spaces of burials, with infants' graves moving from the anonymity and marginalization of separated burial grounds to recognition and naming in the main cemeteries. In the last few decades, several strategies in the reorganization of spaces dedicated to their burial are observable, with attempts to rationalize an increasing “personalization” and material accumulation of objects on the graves. Anthropological research has long been concerned with the forms through which a relationship with a significant person continues after death through various forms of communication, such as visits to the grave and offerings, all of which have roots in memories of shared experiences. In the case of the death of an infant around the time of birth, memories are often limited and the absence of future shared lives shapes the experience of the loss. The manner in which parents cope with this absence often seems to be through the creation of memories, embodied in objects. Material culture, especially in forms of gifts on the grave, seems to play an important role in the ways in which parents fulfil the need to continue to care of their babies.
ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland c... more ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland changed greatly. These changes are reflected in funerary practices and spaces of burials, with infants' graves moving from the anonymity and marginalization of separated burial grounds to recognition and naming in the main cemeteries. In the last few decades, several strategies in the reorganization of spaces dedicated to their burial are observable, with attempts to rationalize an increasing “personalization” and material accumulation of objects on the graves. Anthropological research has long been concerned with the forms through which a relationship with a significant person continues after death through various forms of communication, such as visits to the grave and offerings, all of which have roots in memories of shared experiences. In the case of the death of an infant around the time of birth, memories are often limited and the absence of future shared lives shapes the experience of the loss. The manner in which parents cope with this absence often seems to be through the creation of memories, embodied in objects. Material culture, especially in forms of gifts on the grave, seems to play an important role in the ways in which parents fulfil the need to continue to care of their babies.
Life sciences research is increasingly international and data-intensive. Researchers work in mult... more Life sciences research is increasingly international and data-intensive. Researchers work in multi-jurisdictional teams or formally established research consortia to exchange data and conduct research using computation of multiple sources and volumes of data at multiple sites and through multiple pathways. Despite the internationalization and data intensification of research, the same ethics review process as applies to single-site studies in one country tends to apply to multi-site studies in multiple countries. Because of the standard requirement for multi-jurisdictional or multi-site ethics review, international research projects are subjected to multiple ethics reviews of the same research protocol. Consequently, the reviews may be redundant and resource-consuming, whilst the opinions delivered by ethics committees may be inconsistent both within and across jurisdictions. In this article, we present findings based on interviews conducted with international experts in research ethics on the topic of ethics review mutual recognition. We explore the issues associated with ethics committee review of multi-jurisdictional data-intensive research projects, identifying current problems, real-life experiences, and potential solutions that are both bottom-up (via researchers, participants and publics) and top-down (via statutory regulation), as well as challenges in achieving both. On the whole, participants recommended multiple changes to the current ethics review
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 13576270701255172, Apr 24, 2007
ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland c... more ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland changed greatly. These changes are reflected in funerary practices and spaces of burials, with infants' graves moving from the anonymity and marginalization of separated burial grounds to recognition and naming in the main cemeteries. In the last few decades, several strategies in the reorganization of spaces dedicated to their burial are observable, with attempts to rationalize an increasing “personalization” and material accumulation of objects on the graves. Anthropological research has long been concerned with the forms through which a relationship with a significant person continues after death through various forms of communication, such as visits to the grave and offerings, all of which have roots in memories of shared experiences. In the case of the death of an infant around the time of birth, memories are often limited and the absence of future shared lives shapes the experience of the loss. The manner in which parents cope with this absence often seems to be through the creation of memories, embodied in objects. Material culture, especially in forms of gifts on the grave, seems to play an important role in the ways in which parents fulfil the need to continue to care of their babies.
ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland c... more ABSTRACT During the twentieth century, attitudes towards infants and infantile death in Ireland changed greatly. These changes are reflected in funerary practices and spaces of burials, with infants' graves moving from the anonymity and marginalization of separated burial grounds to recognition and naming in the main cemeteries. In the last few decades, several strategies in the reorganization of spaces dedicated to their burial are observable, with attempts to rationalize an increasing “personalization” and material accumulation of objects on the graves. Anthropological research has long been concerned with the forms through which a relationship with a significant person continues after death through various forms of communication, such as visits to the grave and offerings, all of which have roots in memories of shared experiences. In the case of the death of an infant around the time of birth, memories are often limited and the absence of future shared lives shapes the experience of the loss. The manner in which parents cope with this absence often seems to be through the creation of memories, embodied in objects. Material culture, especially in forms of gifts on the grave, seems to play an important role in the ways in which parents fulfil the need to continue to care of their babies.
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Papers by Chiara Garattini