Cassava: the development of an international research network , Cassava: the development of an in... more Cassava: the development of an international research network , Cassava: the development of an international research network , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) eBooks, 1986
... Nodales Page 176, line 16: 318 (387 million) 3 x 1018 (187 million) Page 181, line 3: Adolfo ... more ... Nodales Page 176, line 16: 318 (387 million) 3 x 1018 (187 million) Page 181, line 3: Adolfo Rodriguez Nadals Adolfo Rodriguez Nodales ... Production 9 RH Booth and D. Horton, CIP, Lima, Peru Cassava Production 17 James H. Cock, CIAT, Cali, Colombia Sweet Potato, Yam ...
Flowering and its control is one of the most important development aspects of crop plants. There ... more Flowering and its control is one of the most important development aspects of crop plants. There are still many crop plants in which control of flowering is not optimal. Opportune flowering could greatly increase fruit crop productivity and income generation through a better synchronization of fruit production with market demand. In the tropics, fruits can be produced throughout the year; nevertheless fruit producers face major problems with the seasonality of their production due to uncontrolled flowering and the consequent difficulties in balancing supply and demand of high quality fruits. Mangos are grown worldwide in the tropics, are nutritionally important and also an attractive option to increase incomes and reduce poverty in the rural sector of developing countries. The principal objective of this project is to manipulate the expression of a target set of developmental genes in mango that are known to modulate flowering. To apply these tools, a consistent embryogenesis and regeneration protocol is required. CIAT is adapting and optimizing a protocol to induce somatic embryogenesis from Colombian and Florida mango cultivars, as a first step to target a broader range of genotypes. Nucellar tissues from immature fruits are used as starting explant. At present, best results are obtained with 'Keitt' cultivar, reaching 48% of embryogenic culture induction. Embryos in different developmental stages have been observed. Proliferation and regeneration assays are in progress.
Cassava was first cultivated in the 1. Millennium B.C. in the tropical Amazon basin by tribes of ... more Cassava was first cultivated in the 1. Millennium B.C. in the tropical Amazon basin by tribes of various ethnic groups. It spread to Venezuela and the Guiana, to Central America, the Caribbean, and thence to Florida. The Tupi Indian nations were responsible for its propagation all along the Atlantic coast, but it was from the Amazonian branch of the Tupi nation that we inherited the legend about this root that was decisive in the formation of Amerindian cultures in the process of setting in one region.
This non-destructive method provides a means of monitoring the development of the cassava crop un... more This non-destructive method provides a means of monitoring the development of the cassava crop under a range of biophysical environments without the need to plant trials specifically for this purpose. The plots established or commercial lots can be monitored non destructively: therefore any parcel can be monitored. The methodology collects data on the development of the cassava crop and can use this data in understanding the development of the crop, and also to generate, validate and improve the robustness of simulation models cassava. This is the first approximation of the methodology; we encourage users to voice any concerns and suggest ways of improving the non-destructive monitoring system. https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/56831/Non-destructive-monitoring-system-in-cassava-v7.pdf?sequence=1
... presents the results of a pre-feasibility study on the technical and economic viability of pr... more ... presents the results of a pre-feasibility study on the technical and economic viability of producing electric power from green harvest residues of sugar cane in Colombia. ... For this reason, the Colombian industry will continue to observe the progress in Brazilian, Indian ...
Abstract Farmers learn from their own experiences. However, they are rarely sure if an exceptiona... more Abstract Farmers learn from their own experiences. However, they are rarely sure if an exceptionally good or bad outcome is due to chance effects or whether it is due to a given combination of management practices and environmental conditions. We surmised that, if each harvest event is adequately characterized and a large number of these events are analyzed together, it should be possible to associate crop response to management within a particular set of growth conditions. We tested this hypothesis using the perennial crop, oil palm. The characterization of the harvest events can be divided into factors the grower can control (CFs), and non-controllable factors (NCFs). Expert opinion, coupled with literature reviews, indicated that the most important NCFs for oil palm in the humid tropics were surplus water and water deficits in the three-year period before and including the year of harvest. Water deficit was assessed using a simplified water balance model with inputs on inherent soil characteristics and rainfall. Surplus water was evaluated from the rainfall, inherent soil characteristics and the topographical position of the block in question. Homologous events (HEs) with similar NCFs were determined from weather and soil data for 141 blocks covering > 6000 ha over the period 2007–2013 on a commercial plantation. The yield of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of 262 blocks over the period 2009–2013 was analyzed on the conceptual basis that if HEs can be defined in terms of growing conditions and used to account for part of the yield variation (NCFs), then the remaining variation within these events can be attributable to controllable factors (CFs) or management practices. Inclusion of HEs for the three years before the harvest year improved models used to explain yield variation. The variations in yield were in accordance with the expected effects of the distinct HEs confirming their validity as an analytical tool with normal conditions giving the highest yields, either deficit or surplus water giving intermediate yields, and a combination of both deficit and excess water the lowest yields. We chose the CF of fertilizer response to associate variation of management practices and yield within and across HEs. The overall response to fertilizer at 12.8 kg FFB·kg − 1 , without including HEs in the model, was much greater than that obtained when HEs were included (5.9 kg FFB·kg − 1 ). As most data were from blocks with sup-optimal growing conditions, the response to fertilizer over the ranges used was small and under the poorest HEs was not detectable.
Cassava: the development of an international research network , Cassava: the development of an in... more Cassava: the development of an international research network , Cassava: the development of an international research network , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) eBooks, 1986
... Nodales Page 176, line 16: 318 (387 million) 3 x 1018 (187 million) Page 181, line 3: Adolfo ... more ... Nodales Page 176, line 16: 318 (387 million) 3 x 1018 (187 million) Page 181, line 3: Adolfo Rodriguez Nadals Adolfo Rodriguez Nodales ... Production 9 RH Booth and D. Horton, CIP, Lima, Peru Cassava Production 17 James H. Cock, CIAT, Cali, Colombia Sweet Potato, Yam ...
Flowering and its control is one of the most important development aspects of crop plants. There ... more Flowering and its control is one of the most important development aspects of crop plants. There are still many crop plants in which control of flowering is not optimal. Opportune flowering could greatly increase fruit crop productivity and income generation through a better synchronization of fruit production with market demand. In the tropics, fruits can be produced throughout the year; nevertheless fruit producers face major problems with the seasonality of their production due to uncontrolled flowering and the consequent difficulties in balancing supply and demand of high quality fruits. Mangos are grown worldwide in the tropics, are nutritionally important and also an attractive option to increase incomes and reduce poverty in the rural sector of developing countries. The principal objective of this project is to manipulate the expression of a target set of developmental genes in mango that are known to modulate flowering. To apply these tools, a consistent embryogenesis and regeneration protocol is required. CIAT is adapting and optimizing a protocol to induce somatic embryogenesis from Colombian and Florida mango cultivars, as a first step to target a broader range of genotypes. Nucellar tissues from immature fruits are used as starting explant. At present, best results are obtained with 'Keitt' cultivar, reaching 48% of embryogenic culture induction. Embryos in different developmental stages have been observed. Proliferation and regeneration assays are in progress.
Cassava was first cultivated in the 1. Millennium B.C. in the tropical Amazon basin by tribes of ... more Cassava was first cultivated in the 1. Millennium B.C. in the tropical Amazon basin by tribes of various ethnic groups. It spread to Venezuela and the Guiana, to Central America, the Caribbean, and thence to Florida. The Tupi Indian nations were responsible for its propagation all along the Atlantic coast, but it was from the Amazonian branch of the Tupi nation that we inherited the legend about this root that was decisive in the formation of Amerindian cultures in the process of setting in one region.
This non-destructive method provides a means of monitoring the development of the cassava crop un... more This non-destructive method provides a means of monitoring the development of the cassava crop under a range of biophysical environments without the need to plant trials specifically for this purpose. The plots established or commercial lots can be monitored non destructively: therefore any parcel can be monitored. The methodology collects data on the development of the cassava crop and can use this data in understanding the development of the crop, and also to generate, validate and improve the robustness of simulation models cassava. This is the first approximation of the methodology; we encourage users to voice any concerns and suggest ways of improving the non-destructive monitoring system. https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/56831/Non-destructive-monitoring-system-in-cassava-v7.pdf?sequence=1
... presents the results of a pre-feasibility study on the technical and economic viability of pr... more ... presents the results of a pre-feasibility study on the technical and economic viability of producing electric power from green harvest residues of sugar cane in Colombia. ... For this reason, the Colombian industry will continue to observe the progress in Brazilian, Indian ...
Abstract Farmers learn from their own experiences. However, they are rarely sure if an exceptiona... more Abstract Farmers learn from their own experiences. However, they are rarely sure if an exceptionally good or bad outcome is due to chance effects or whether it is due to a given combination of management practices and environmental conditions. We surmised that, if each harvest event is adequately characterized and a large number of these events are analyzed together, it should be possible to associate crop response to management within a particular set of growth conditions. We tested this hypothesis using the perennial crop, oil palm. The characterization of the harvest events can be divided into factors the grower can control (CFs), and non-controllable factors (NCFs). Expert opinion, coupled with literature reviews, indicated that the most important NCFs for oil palm in the humid tropics were surplus water and water deficits in the three-year period before and including the year of harvest. Water deficit was assessed using a simplified water balance model with inputs on inherent soil characteristics and rainfall. Surplus water was evaluated from the rainfall, inherent soil characteristics and the topographical position of the block in question. Homologous events (HEs) with similar NCFs were determined from weather and soil data for 141 blocks covering > 6000 ha over the period 2007–2013 on a commercial plantation. The yield of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of 262 blocks over the period 2009–2013 was analyzed on the conceptual basis that if HEs can be defined in terms of growing conditions and used to account for part of the yield variation (NCFs), then the remaining variation within these events can be attributable to controllable factors (CFs) or management practices. Inclusion of HEs for the three years before the harvest year improved models used to explain yield variation. The variations in yield were in accordance with the expected effects of the distinct HEs confirming their validity as an analytical tool with normal conditions giving the highest yields, either deficit or surplus water giving intermediate yields, and a combination of both deficit and excess water the lowest yields. We chose the CF of fertilizer response to associate variation of management practices and yield within and across HEs. The overall response to fertilizer at 12.8 kg FFB·kg − 1 , without including HEs in the model, was much greater than that obtained when HEs were included (5.9 kg FFB·kg − 1 ). As most data were from blocks with sup-optimal growing conditions, the response to fertilizer over the ranges used was small and under the poorest HEs was not detectable.
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