Роль русского языка как иностранного для образовательных программ „Россияведение“ в иноязычной ср... more Роль русского языка как иностранного для образовательных программ „Россияведение“ в иноязычной среде
В 90-е годы XX века в Грузии в области распространения русского языка произошли критические изменения. В результате исключения его из числа обязательных предметов в вузох, он вошел в категорию функционального и малоизучаемого, заняв позиции после английского, немецкого и французского. В этих условиях одним из аспектов функционирования русского языка в сфере образования является преподавание русского как иностранного. Несмотря на существующие проблемы, в настоящее время ситуация несколько стабилизировалась. Все большее число студентов выбирает русский язык в качестве второго иностранного. Возрастает интерес к образовательной интердисциплинарной программе „Россияведение“, который существует в Тбилисском государственном университете с 2008 года и деиствуют все три ступени обучения. В программе точно и ясно распределены предметы, для того, чтобы студенты полноценно овладевали предметы и терминологию, вникли в русскоязычные источники, которых почти нет на грузинском языке.
On the background of developed relations between Georgia and Russia it is very actual to research... more On the background of developed relations between Georgia and Russia it is very actual to research the history of relations between these two states. The policy towards the Caucasus and especially Georgia of the XIX century Russian Empire is of great interest.
In the memoirs of Russian soldiers the relations between Georgian and Russia retains an important place. The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in Russian military memoirs considerably affected Russian society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals?, etc. These notes are interesting material for researching history of Georgian-Russian relations. The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, essays, historic and ethnological essays. The memoirs are based on previously created notes, private archives or other people’s narrations. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced.
In 1895 the journal ”Russkaia Starina” published notes by Russian military Joseph Dubetsky which included very important information about the events occurring in twenties of XIX century in Georgia.
Who was Joseph Dubetsky and how trustful was to use his works? From his notes it’s clearly seen, that 16 years old he already was in the field army; was participating in the battles against mountaineers in Caucasus and in the war against Turkey. After these he was adviser in civil work, prosecutor and at last he ended his career with being vice-gubernator. The notes are written 25th of December, 1850, so the author is retelling the stories that happened 25 years ago.
J. Dubetsky arrived in Georgia on 12th of October, 1819. He served in the 41st Egersky Regiment. He also spent seven years in military service in Georgia and four and a half years as a public figure. J. Dubetsky mentioned that he had studied this country thoroughly and noticed all the faults of the ruling system. He declared: “This remarkable and the richest country deserves a better fate and special attention from the government. However, taking the situation in Russia into consideration, I rightly assume that it will take a long time, before Georgia’s development stands up to the European standards.”
Combining J. Dubetsky’s military memoirs with the other sources and objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Georgian-Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures.
The issue of Caucasus is of a great importance in the European sources of the 19th century. Nowad... more The issue of Caucasus is of a great importance in the European sources of the 19th century. Nowadays, the Caucasus is still the conflict zone that attracts attention of the world leading states that closely observe the ongoing processes in the region and often greatly contribute to settling relations between Caucasian countries. Hence, the policy towards XIX century Caucasus is a great interest of Russian Empire. The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in European sources considerably affected European society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - What is the Caucasus? Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals? and etc. The growth of interest in the Caucasus among European literary scholars and historians is detected mainly in the 19th century. The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, historic and ethnological essays. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced. Comparing the 19th century European sources with the objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Caucasus - Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures. Therefore, the study of these issues acquires great importance.
The notes of the Decembrist E.E. Lachinov contain interesting data on Russo-Persian, Russo-Turkis... more The notes of the Decembrist E.E. Lachinov contain interesting data on Russo-Persian, Russo-Turkish wars and expeditions against the Caucasian mountaineers. He personally participated in ongoing events. E.E. Lachinov demonstrates a keen interest in the destiny of people participating in war, in their state of mind, tries to penetrate into their thoughts and feelings, describes everyday life of Russian officers and soldiers, the process of their adaptation to the extreme conditions of war.
С I пол. XIX века начинается новый этап в многовековой истории российско-грузинских взаимоотношен... more С I пол. XIX века начинается новый этап в многовековой истории российско-грузинских взаимоотношений – в 1801 г. Картли-Кахетинское царство было аннексировано Россией. В дальнейшем, на протяжении всего столетия, судьбу этого царства разделили и другие грузинские царства и княжества.
One hundred years have passed since the South Caucasian countries – Georgia, Azerbaijan and Ar... more One hundred years have passed since the South Caucasian countries – Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia proclaimed their independence. In the period of 26-28 May 1918, three independent states were established. This was one of the most important historical events in the history of these countries. The article reviews the situation in South Caucasus and shows the political way passed by these countries from 1917 years Revolution until the creation of the independent states. Historical events in Azerbaijan and the attitudes of Muslim deputies in South Caucasian Seim towards important issues are mainly discussed topics in the article. The article is based on Georgian publishing press materials from that period. Newspapers and magazines explicitly show the existing difficulties in the Caucasian region – radical confronting of different political parties and evident differences between principles and strategic aims.
A lot of Europeans participated in the expedition held by the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersb... more A lot of Europeans participated in the expedition held by the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg in the Caucasus in XIX century. Heinrich Theodor Vehle, a young, twenty-two-year-old artist, joined one of the expeditions in 1802. His mission was to compile cartographic maps. However, he always found time for painting. His pictures with Tbilisi views and landscapes are exhibited in German museums. He left very little information about his trip to the Caucasus. German scientists triedto fill the gap concerning his journey to Georgia E.Lemper’s, M.Mirchin’s.A.Kraut’s and other scientists’ works are also interesting in this respect. They are studying H.Th.Vehle’s work and life. They followed the young artist’s trace and tried to restore the historical picture of Georgia of the early XIX centure.
Роль русского языка как иностранного для образовательных программ „Россияведение“ в иноязычной ср... more Роль русского языка как иностранного для образовательных программ „Россияведение“ в иноязычной среде
В 90-е годы XX века в Грузии в области распространения русского языка произошли критические изменения. В результате исключения его из числа обязательных предметов в вузох, он вошел в категорию функционального и малоизучаемого, заняв позиции после английского, немецкого и французского. В этих условиях одним из аспектов функционирования русского языка в сфере образования является преподавание русского как иностранного. Несмотря на существующие проблемы, в настоящее время ситуация несколько стабилизировалась. Все большее число студентов выбирает русский язык в качестве второго иностранного. Возрастает интерес к образовательной интердисциплинарной программе „Россияведение“, который существует в Тбилисском государственном университете с 2008 года и деиствуют все три ступени обучения. В программе точно и ясно распределены предметы, для того, чтобы студенты полноценно овладевали предметы и терминологию, вникли в русскоязычные источники, которых почти нет на грузинском языке.
On the background of developed relations between Georgia and Russia it is very actual to research... more On the background of developed relations between Georgia and Russia it is very actual to research the history of relations between these two states. The policy towards the Caucasus and especially Georgia of the XIX century Russian Empire is of great interest.
In the memoirs of Russian soldiers the relations between Georgian and Russia retains an important place. The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in Russian military memoirs considerably affected Russian society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals?, etc. These notes are interesting material for researching history of Georgian-Russian relations. The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, essays, historic and ethnological essays. The memoirs are based on previously created notes, private archives or other people’s narrations. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced.
In 1895 the journal ”Russkaia Starina” published notes by Russian military Joseph Dubetsky which included very important information about the events occurring in twenties of XIX century in Georgia.
Who was Joseph Dubetsky and how trustful was to use his works? From his notes it’s clearly seen, that 16 years old he already was in the field army; was participating in the battles against mountaineers in Caucasus and in the war against Turkey. After these he was adviser in civil work, prosecutor and at last he ended his career with being vice-gubernator. The notes are written 25th of December, 1850, so the author is retelling the stories that happened 25 years ago.
J. Dubetsky arrived in Georgia on 12th of October, 1819. He served in the 41st Egersky Regiment. He also spent seven years in military service in Georgia and four and a half years as a public figure. J. Dubetsky mentioned that he had studied this country thoroughly and noticed all the faults of the ruling system. He declared: “This remarkable and the richest country deserves a better fate and special attention from the government. However, taking the situation in Russia into consideration, I rightly assume that it will take a long time, before Georgia’s development stands up to the European standards.”
Combining J. Dubetsky’s military memoirs with the other sources and objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Georgian-Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures.
The issue of Caucasus is of a great importance in the European sources of the 19th century. Nowad... more The issue of Caucasus is of a great importance in the European sources of the 19th century. Nowadays, the Caucasus is still the conflict zone that attracts attention of the world leading states that closely observe the ongoing processes in the region and often greatly contribute to settling relations between Caucasian countries. Hence, the policy towards XIX century Caucasus is a great interest of Russian Empire. The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in European sources considerably affected European society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - What is the Caucasus? Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals? and etc. The growth of interest in the Caucasus among European literary scholars and historians is detected mainly in the 19th century. The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, historic and ethnological essays. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced. Comparing the 19th century European sources with the objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Caucasus - Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures. Therefore, the study of these issues acquires great importance.
The notes of the Decembrist E.E. Lachinov contain interesting data on Russo-Persian, Russo-Turkis... more The notes of the Decembrist E.E. Lachinov contain interesting data on Russo-Persian, Russo-Turkish wars and expeditions against the Caucasian mountaineers. He personally participated in ongoing events. E.E. Lachinov demonstrates a keen interest in the destiny of people participating in war, in their state of mind, tries to penetrate into their thoughts and feelings, describes everyday life of Russian officers and soldiers, the process of their adaptation to the extreme conditions of war.
С I пол. XIX века начинается новый этап в многовековой истории российско-грузинских взаимоотношен... more С I пол. XIX века начинается новый этап в многовековой истории российско-грузинских взаимоотношений – в 1801 г. Картли-Кахетинское царство было аннексировано Россией. В дальнейшем, на протяжении всего столетия, судьбу этого царства разделили и другие грузинские царства и княжества.
One hundred years have passed since the South Caucasian countries – Georgia, Azerbaijan and Ar... more One hundred years have passed since the South Caucasian countries – Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia proclaimed their independence. In the period of 26-28 May 1918, three independent states were established. This was one of the most important historical events in the history of these countries. The article reviews the situation in South Caucasus and shows the political way passed by these countries from 1917 years Revolution until the creation of the independent states. Historical events in Azerbaijan and the attitudes of Muslim deputies in South Caucasian Seim towards important issues are mainly discussed topics in the article. The article is based on Georgian publishing press materials from that period. Newspapers and magazines explicitly show the existing difficulties in the Caucasian region – radical confronting of different political parties and evident differences between principles and strategic aims.
A lot of Europeans participated in the expedition held by the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersb... more A lot of Europeans participated in the expedition held by the Academy of Sciences of St. Petersburg in the Caucasus in XIX century. Heinrich Theodor Vehle, a young, twenty-two-year-old artist, joined one of the expeditions in 1802. His mission was to compile cartographic maps. However, he always found time for painting. His pictures with Tbilisi views and landscapes are exhibited in German museums. He left very little information about his trip to the Caucasus. German scientists triedto fill the gap concerning his journey to Georgia E.Lemper’s, M.Mirchin’s.A.Kraut’s and other scientists’ works are also interesting in this respect. They are studying H.Th.Vehle’s work and life. They followed the young artist’s trace and tried to restore the historical picture of Georgia of the early XIX centure.
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В 90-е годы XX века в Грузии в области распространения русского языка произошли критические изменения. В результате исключения его из числа обязательных предметов в вузох, он вошел в категорию функционального и малоизучаемого, заняв позиции после английского, немецкого и французского. В этих условиях одним из аспектов функционирования русского языка в сфере образования является преподавание русского как иностранного. Несмотря на существующие проблемы, в настоящее время ситуация несколько стабилизировалась. Все большее число студентов выбирает русский язык в качестве второго иностранного.
Возрастает интерес к образовательной интердисциплинарной программе „Россияведение“, который существует в Тбилисском государственном университете с 2008 года и деиствуют все три ступени обучения. В программе точно и ясно распределены предметы, для того, чтобы студенты полноценно овладевали предметы и терминологию, вникли в русскоязычные источники, которых почти нет на грузинском языке.
In the memoirs of Russian soldiers the relations between Georgian and Russia retains an important place. The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in Russian military memoirs considerably affected Russian society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals?, etc. These notes are interesting material for researching history of Georgian-Russian relations. The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, essays, historic and ethnological essays. The memoirs are based on previously created notes, private archives or other people’s narrations. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced.
In 1895 the journal ”Russkaia Starina” published notes by Russian military Joseph Dubetsky which included very important information about the events occurring in twenties of XIX century in Georgia.
Who was Joseph Dubetsky and how trustful was to use his works? From his notes it’s clearly seen, that 16 years old he already was in the field army; was participating in the battles against mountaineers in Caucasus and in the war against Turkey. After these he was adviser in civil work, prosecutor and at last he ended his career with being vice-gubernator. The notes are written 25th of December, 1850, so the author is retelling the stories that happened 25 years ago.
J. Dubetsky arrived in Georgia on 12th of October, 1819. He served in the 41st Egersky Regiment. He also spent seven years in military service in Georgia and four and a half years as a public figure. J. Dubetsky mentioned that he had studied this country thoroughly and noticed all the faults of the ruling system. He declared:
“This remarkable and the richest country deserves a better fate and special attention from the government. However, taking the situation in Russia into consideration, I rightly assume that it will take a long time, before Georgia’s development stands up to the European standards.”
Combining J. Dubetsky’s military memoirs with the other sources and objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Georgian-Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures.
The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in European sources considerably affected European society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - What is the Caucasus? Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals? and etc. The growth of interest in the Caucasus among European literary scholars and historians is detected mainly in the 19th century.
The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, historic and ethnological essays. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced.
Comparing the 19th century European sources with the objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Caucasus - Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures. Therefore, the study of these issues acquires great importance.
Books by Dali Kandelaki
Papers by Dali Kandelaki
В 90-е годы XX века в Грузии в области распространения русского языка произошли критические изменения. В результате исключения его из числа обязательных предметов в вузох, он вошел в категорию функционального и малоизучаемого, заняв позиции после английского, немецкого и французского. В этих условиях одним из аспектов функционирования русского языка в сфере образования является преподавание русского как иностранного. Несмотря на существующие проблемы, в настоящее время ситуация несколько стабилизировалась. Все большее число студентов выбирает русский язык в качестве второго иностранного.
Возрастает интерес к образовательной интердисциплинарной программе „Россияведение“, который существует в Тбилисском государственном университете с 2008 года и деиствуют все три ступени обучения. В программе точно и ясно распределены предметы, для того, чтобы студенты полноценно овладевали предметы и терминологию, вникли в русскоязычные источники, которых почти нет на грузинском языке.
In the memoirs of Russian soldiers the relations between Georgian and Russia retains an important place. The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in Russian military memoirs considerably affected Russian society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals?, etc. These notes are interesting material for researching history of Georgian-Russian relations. The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, essays, historic and ethnological essays. The memoirs are based on previously created notes, private archives or other people’s narrations. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced.
In 1895 the journal ”Russkaia Starina” published notes by Russian military Joseph Dubetsky which included very important information about the events occurring in twenties of XIX century in Georgia.
Who was Joseph Dubetsky and how trustful was to use his works? From his notes it’s clearly seen, that 16 years old he already was in the field army; was participating in the battles against mountaineers in Caucasus and in the war against Turkey. After these he was adviser in civil work, prosecutor and at last he ended his career with being vice-gubernator. The notes are written 25th of December, 1850, so the author is retelling the stories that happened 25 years ago.
J. Dubetsky arrived in Georgia on 12th of October, 1819. He served in the 41st Egersky Regiment. He also spent seven years in military service in Georgia and four and a half years as a public figure. J. Dubetsky mentioned that he had studied this country thoroughly and noticed all the faults of the ruling system. He declared:
“This remarkable and the richest country deserves a better fate and special attention from the government. However, taking the situation in Russia into consideration, I rightly assume that it will take a long time, before Georgia’s development stands up to the European standards.”
Combining J. Dubetsky’s military memoirs with the other sources and objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Georgian-Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures.
The aspiration of the epoch and developments in the Caucasus reflected in European sources considerably affected European society of that period and to some extend responded its questions - What is the Caucasus? Why does Russian wage war in the region? How does it interact with locals? and etc. The growth of interest in the Caucasus among European literary scholars and historians is detected mainly in the 19th century.
The genres and topics of the works analyzed vary, namely – stories, diaries, historic and ethnological essays. The authors also used military documents. That’s why, the subjectivity in attitudes towards the events previously occurred and disrupted facts in these works are traced.
Comparing the 19th century European sources with the objective reality will highly contribute to the in-depth understanding of the specificity of the Caucasus - Russian relations. Thus, these sources are of utmost importance in evaluation of military, political, social, economic and cultural events during the formation of the Russian Empire, as well as the evaluation of the implemented reforms and historical figures. Therefore, the study of these issues acquires great importance.