Research into phenotypic stability, adaptability and productivity of poplar clones at younger pla... more Research into phenotypic stability, adaptability and productivity of poplar clones at younger plantation was conducted in the lower course of the River Drava and the tributary of the River Danube in the eastern Croatia. In this area, the construction of river infrastructure has led to severe changes in the water regime. It is for this reason that the selected poplar clones should be adapted to the specific new condition of low groundwater levels. The assessment of genetic parameters, productivity and phenotypic stability for 14 poplar clones at plantation age of 2+5 years were evaluated in five clonal trials in the area of Eastern Croatia. The tests were set up at planting distances of 6 × 6 m randomized with 16 plants per block and four repetitions. At the moment of experimental plot establishment, the planting material was 1/2 and 2/3 years old. Statistically significant interclonal variability in production and survival was found in particular clonal tests. Mean survival in the clonal test established with plants aged 1/2 years was 72 % on average, whereas it was 95 % in the test with plants aged 2/3 years, which suggests that using of planting material at age 2/3 years is much more successful. Research on adaptability and genotype × environment interaction were conducted for the same eight poplar clones in three trials. From a silvicultural standpoint, the most suitable clones for generating optimal modifications, as a rule, were those of high phenotypic instability. Their cultivation is justified on optimal sites, as well as on less favourable sites when are provided agrotechnical measures and applied adequate protection measures. Based on the size of regression coefficients and regression analysis, it can be concluded that the tested clones can be divided, in terms of phenotypic stability and productivity, into three groups: a) phenotypically stable clones of medium productivity and a tendency to adapt to all environments (´I-214´, ´M 1´, ´S 6-36´, ´S 6-20´; b) moderately stable clones, of moderate productivity which manifest a tendency to adapt to all environments (‘710’, ´Bl Constanzo´, ´Pannonia´); and c) phenotypically very instable clones of high production capacity, with specific adaptation to optimal sites (´S 1-8´). Levels of the genetic control for the growing stock, heritability values (h2) and genetic gain (∆G) were assessed on the basis of selecting five or one of the best clones. The expected genetic gain was compared with the obtained experimental data. Assessment of the heritability values (h2) ranged from 0.40 to 0.90, which indicates that the traits of production and adaptability is under a high degree of genetic control. The obtained genetic gain (∆G) in growing stock production for the best five selected clones was somewhat higher than expected and ranged from 15.30 to 45.12 %, whereas it was between 30.88 and 81.03 % for one best selected clone. In order to minimize the risk of cultivating one clone (monoclonal culture) and increase plantations stability, we will favour the cultivation of a mixture of five clones of divergent genetic constitution. The results of this research confirm that even at such a young plantation age the quality of a particular habitat has conditioned modifications in average clone values of growing stock and survival. They also indicate the amount of production to be expected from the mixture of these clones or from the cultivation of a particular clone.
Biotope-related stress is mostly limked to the low availability of elementary plant requirements,... more Biotope-related stress is mostly limked to the low availability of elementary plant requirements, such as water and nutrients. Reduced volume stock production of poplar clones 'M1҆' (P. ×canadensis) and 'S1-8' (Populus deltoides) in Slavonia (eastern part of Croatia) is attributed mainly to the recent lower water table along the Drava river. These two clones are widely planted in the area and are clones of a high growth potential in regular and optimal site conditions. Stress tolerance index (STI) enables identification of genotypes with a high stress tolerance (Fernandez 1992), taking into account the potential production in non-stress and stress conditions. We have used STI calculated on the basis of radial increment as the selection criteria for the stress response of the clones on two differing biotopes, area open to river flooding and area separated from the flooding by river dams. Inconsistent results revealed the analysis of STI based on water supply and addit...
Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) is one of the most significant forest species in Bosnia and Herzego... more Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) is one of the most significant forest species in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Research within and between population variability was conducted on five populations from Central Bosnia (Igman, Crepoljsko, Kakanj, Olovo, Fojnica). Traits used for this analysis were a diameter above the root neck and a height of plants during first four years of age, as well as a number of lateral branches in third and fourth age. Research was conducted in the nursery with 142 half-sib families, in three repetitions on 4260 plants in total. Variance analyses were conducted for all analysed traits, and suitable correlation indicators between a height of plants and a diameter above the root neck were produced. Presence of statistically significant variability within and between populations was discovered. Duncan and Post-hoc tests confirmed registered variability and defined grouping of populations according to the mean values. In regards to correlation between a height and a diam...
ABSTRACT Biokemijska genetička identifi kacija obične bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.), provedena je ko... more ABSTRACT Biokemijska genetička identifi kacija obične bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.), provedena je korištenjem izoenzimskih biljega u osam prirodnih populacija na širem području Bosne i Hercegovine. Genetska varijabilnost analizirana je pomoću 10 izoenzimskih sustava, sa 16 polimorfnih lokusa i 52 alela. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika između populacija, uz nešto nižu vrijednost prosječne diferenciranosti. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na zaključak, da bi se u svrhu održavanja prirodnih genetskih izvora obične bukve u Bosni i Hercegovini trebala uspostaviti što gušća mreža banki gena metodama in situ i ex situ (banke sjemena, sjemenske sastojine i sjemenske plantaže) potrebna za održavanje genetske raznolikosti populacija. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja, svaka ekološka niša obične bukve trebala bi imati svoju banku gena,uz odgovarajući broj populacija i jedinki, kako bi se očuvale ekološke i fi ziološke značajke ove vrijedne gospodarske vrste.
SAŽETAK: Povećanje udjela obnovljivih izvora energije u ukupnoj ener get - skoj bilanci, jedan je... more SAŽETAK: Povećanje udjela obnovljivih izvora energije u ukupnoj ener get - skoj bilanci, jedan je od strateških ciljeva sve većeg broja zemalja. Hrvatska se potpisivanjem međunarodnih sporazuma (npr. Kyoto protokol) te sukladno za- konodavstvu i priključivanju u EU, obvezala na poduzimanje konkretnih ko- raka u povećanju korištenja obnovljivih izvora energije, sukladno paradigmi "održivog razvoja". Biomasa je obnovljivi izvor energije s
The volatile composition of needles from three F1 hard pine hybrids produced by the controlled hy... more The volatile composition of needles from three F1 hard pine hybrids produced by the controlled hybridization and their parental species were researched with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in order to explore the utility of terpenes in hybrid identification (their differentiation from the parental species) as well as confirmation of hybridity. The analysed hybrids were: 1. Pinus
Research into phenotypic stability, adaptability and productivity of poplar clones at younger pla... more Research into phenotypic stability, adaptability and productivity of poplar clones at younger plantation was conducted in the lower course of the River Drava and the tributary of the River Danube in the eastern Croatia. In this area, the construction of river infrastructure has led to severe changes in the water regime. It is for this reason that the selected poplar clones should be adapted to the specific new condition of low groundwater levels. The assessment of genetic parameters, productivity and phenotypic stability for 14 poplar clones at plantation age of 2+5 years were evaluated in five clonal trials in the area of Eastern Croatia. The tests were set up at planting distances of 6 × 6 m randomized with 16 plants per block and four repetitions. At the moment of experimental plot establishment, the planting material was 1/2 and 2/3 years old. Statistically significant interclonal variability in production and survival was found in particular clonal tests. Mean survival in the clonal test established with plants aged 1/2 years was 72 % on average, whereas it was 95 % in the test with plants aged 2/3 years, which suggests that using of planting material at age 2/3 years is much more successful. Research on adaptability and genotype × environment interaction were conducted for the same eight poplar clones in three trials. From a silvicultural standpoint, the most suitable clones for generating optimal modifications, as a rule, were those of high phenotypic instability. Their cultivation is justified on optimal sites, as well as on less favourable sites when are provided agrotechnical measures and applied adequate protection measures. Based on the size of regression coefficients and regression analysis, it can be concluded that the tested clones can be divided, in terms of phenotypic stability and productivity, into three groups: a) phenotypically stable clones of medium productivity and a tendency to adapt to all environments (´I-214´, ´M 1´, ´S 6-36´, ´S 6-20´; b) moderately stable clones, of moderate productivity which manifest a tendency to adapt to all environments (‘710’, ´Bl Constanzo´, ´Pannonia´); and c) phenotypically very instable clones of high production capacity, with specific adaptation to optimal sites (´S 1-8´). Levels of the genetic control for the growing stock, heritability values (h2) and genetic gain (∆G) were assessed on the basis of selecting five or one of the best clones. The expected genetic gain was compared with the obtained experimental data. Assessment of the heritability values (h2) ranged from 0.40 to 0.90, which indicates that the traits of production and adaptability is under a high degree of genetic control. The obtained genetic gain (∆G) in growing stock production for the best five selected clones was somewhat higher than expected and ranged from 15.30 to 45.12 %, whereas it was between 30.88 and 81.03 % for one best selected clone. In order to minimize the risk of cultivating one clone (monoclonal culture) and increase plantations stability, we will favour the cultivation of a mixture of five clones of divergent genetic constitution. The results of this research confirm that even at such a young plantation age the quality of a particular habitat has conditioned modifications in average clone values of growing stock and survival. They also indicate the amount of production to be expected from the mixture of these clones or from the cultivation of a particular clone.
Biotope-related stress is mostly limked to the low availability of elementary plant requirements,... more Biotope-related stress is mostly limked to the low availability of elementary plant requirements, such as water and nutrients. Reduced volume stock production of poplar clones 'M1҆' (P. ×canadensis) and 'S1-8' (Populus deltoides) in Slavonia (eastern part of Croatia) is attributed mainly to the recent lower water table along the Drava river. These two clones are widely planted in the area and are clones of a high growth potential in regular and optimal site conditions. Stress tolerance index (STI) enables identification of genotypes with a high stress tolerance (Fernandez 1992), taking into account the potential production in non-stress and stress conditions. We have used STI calculated on the basis of radial increment as the selection criteria for the stress response of the clones on two differing biotopes, area open to river flooding and area separated from the flooding by river dams. Inconsistent results revealed the analysis of STI based on water supply and addit...
Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) is one of the most significant forest species in Bosnia and Herzego... more Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) is one of the most significant forest species in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Research within and between population variability was conducted on five populations from Central Bosnia (Igman, Crepoljsko, Kakanj, Olovo, Fojnica). Traits used for this analysis were a diameter above the root neck and a height of plants during first four years of age, as well as a number of lateral branches in third and fourth age. Research was conducted in the nursery with 142 half-sib families, in three repetitions on 4260 plants in total. Variance analyses were conducted for all analysed traits, and suitable correlation indicators between a height of plants and a diameter above the root neck were produced. Presence of statistically significant variability within and between populations was discovered. Duncan and Post-hoc tests confirmed registered variability and defined grouping of populations according to the mean values. In regards to correlation between a height and a diam...
ABSTRACT Biokemijska genetička identifi kacija obične bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.), provedena je ko... more ABSTRACT Biokemijska genetička identifi kacija obične bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.), provedena je korištenjem izoenzimskih biljega u osam prirodnih populacija na širem području Bosne i Hercegovine. Genetska varijabilnost analizirana je pomoću 10 izoenzimskih sustava, sa 16 polimorfnih lokusa i 52 alela. Utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika između populacija, uz nešto nižu vrijednost prosječne diferenciranosti. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na zaključak, da bi se u svrhu održavanja prirodnih genetskih izvora obične bukve u Bosni i Hercegovini trebala uspostaviti što gušća mreža banki gena metodama in situ i ex situ (banke sjemena, sjemenske sastojine i sjemenske plantaže) potrebna za održavanje genetske raznolikosti populacija. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja, svaka ekološka niša obične bukve trebala bi imati svoju banku gena,uz odgovarajući broj populacija i jedinki, kako bi se očuvale ekološke i fi ziološke značajke ove vrijedne gospodarske vrste.
SAŽETAK: Povećanje udjela obnovljivih izvora energije u ukupnoj ener get - skoj bilanci, jedan je... more SAŽETAK: Povećanje udjela obnovljivih izvora energije u ukupnoj ener get - skoj bilanci, jedan je od strateških ciljeva sve većeg broja zemalja. Hrvatska se potpisivanjem međunarodnih sporazuma (npr. Kyoto protokol) te sukladno za- konodavstvu i priključivanju u EU, obvezala na poduzimanje konkretnih ko- raka u povećanju korištenja obnovljivih izvora energije, sukladno paradigmi "održivog razvoja". Biomasa je obnovljivi izvor energije s
The volatile composition of needles from three F1 hard pine hybrids produced by the controlled hy... more The volatile composition of needles from three F1 hard pine hybrids produced by the controlled hybridization and their parental species were researched with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in order to explore the utility of terpenes in hybrid identification (their differentiation from the parental species) as well as confirmation of hybridity. The analysed hybrids were: 1. Pinus
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