The application of the practices and techniques of medieval inquisition to the study of the natur... more The application of the practices and techniques of medieval inquisition to the study of the natural world made possible a new understanding of several phenomena, a detailed and careful analysis that has brought along vigilance, the challenging of all opinions, all actions. In time, local rationalism developed and improved, eager for quantification through techniques and instruments ever more sophisticated. The selective analysis, disciplined and increasingly attentive to details, caused the universe of common sense to be surpassed at several moments, although initially this was barely noticed. Science was seen as merely adding new extensions to the universe of common sense, from micro to macrocosm. In the beginning of the 20th century, however, this interpretation crumbled. Ruptures between the scientific reality and common sense suddenly became immense. The progressive decomposition of reality in simple phenomena, isolated from any idealized noise or causal element, led to the cons...
O mapeamento geológico 1:100.000 da Folha Igrejinha integrado com análises petrográficas, litogeo... more O mapeamento geológico 1:100.000 da Folha Igrejinha integrado com análises petrográficas, litogeoquímicas e mineralógicas permitiu a subdivisão do Complexo Granulítico Santa Maria Chico (CGSMC) em ortognaisses e rochas metamáficoultramáficas estratiformes. Os primeiros compreendem gnaisses tonalíticos e granodioríticos, com metadioritos e metahornblenditos. Os gnaisses máficos incluem metagabros e metapiroxenitos, com raros metanoritos e metanortositos. As rochas metaultramáficas são compostas por metadunitos, metaperidotitos, serpentinitos e xistos magnesianos. Ambos os gnaisses ocorrem como corpos alongados segundo a direção E-W e NW-SE intercalados segundo a foliação principal. As unidades mostram concordância estrutural em toda a área, entretanto, na porção sul, os ortognaisses estão rotacionados por falhas normais/transcorrentes de direção N60-70oE vinculadas a colocação dos granitos da Suíte Santo Afonso. Os gnaisses apresentam um bandamento irregular e descontínuo orientado s...
In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and ... more In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and wave processes. In this paper we present an example of an ancient coastal zone where the change in coastal morphology controlled the tidal range. This study focuses on the Permian Rio Bonito Formation in the southern Parana Basin, where the major coal deposits of South America are located. Sedimentological and stratigraphical approaches were applied to cores drilled in the Candiota paleovalley area. We describe the stratigraphic architecture of a transgressive event of the Lower Permian (Rio Bonito Formation). Two third order depositional sequences were identified, which show differences in the paleoenvironmental record. In the lower sequence, associated with the infilling of an incised valley, facies related to fluvial and tidal currents are dominant. In a micro-tidal inner sea context, tidal range is amplified in a funnel-shaped valley. In the upper sequence, already evolving in linear...
The Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian glacigenic deposits of the Itararé Group (Paraná Basin) are... more The Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian glacigenic deposits of the Itararé Group (Paraná Basin) are widely known and cover an extensive area in the southern Brazil. These deposits consist of different arrangements of massive shales, diamictites, rhythmites, and fine- to medium-grained sandstones with trough cross-stratification. Five genetically distinct thickening-, locally coarsening-upward successions of regular rhythmites can be distinguished in the Mafra/Rio Negro region (Santa Catarina and Paraná states, southern Brazil), representing the landward portion of an incised valley filled during deglaciation. A low diversity invertebrate ichnofauna composed of a freshwater, shallow burrow-dominated suite, and trackway-dominated suite occurs in these rhythmites. The freshwater shallow burrow-dominated suite is composed of Cochlichnus anguineus, Cruziana cf. problematica, Gordia arcuata, Gordia marina, Hormosiroidea meandrica, Rusophycus cf. carbonarius, and Treptichnus pollardi, as wel...
A analise da literatura referente ao periodo Permiano revela uma profusao de teorias contraditori... more A analise da literatura referente ao periodo Permiano revela uma profusao de teorias contraditorias, especialmente quanto a episodios de extincao, paleogeografia e paleoclimatologia. Isto decorre dos diferentes paradigmas (em sua conotacao reducionista e determinista) utilizados por diferentes grupos de pesquisadores, e tambem das decisoes individuais arbitrarias durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. A Geologia, enquanto ciencia historica, incorpora um elevado grau de subjetividade, uma vez que nao e possivel acesso direto ao objeto de estudo. As condicoes climaticas e geograficas e suas implicacoes no desenvolvimento biologico de um determinado intervalo de tempo podem ser apenas presumidas, ainda assim considerando premissas uniformitaristas de aplicabilidade incerta. Deste modo, um grande numero de teorias compete na tentativa de construir um passado coerente para a Terra. Porem, o conjunto das teorias torna qualquer tentativa de analise uma tarefa extraordinariamente complexa. ...
Recent òtudieÁ have d^cnibed LCideApnead òtna-U.gfiaphic uni.tò 0·3⁄4 iate. P£eátocen€ and Holoce... more Recent òtudieÁ have d^cnibed LCideApnead òtna-U.gfiaphic uni.tò 0·3⁄4 iate. P£eátocen€ and Holoce.no. age in the weotenn pant o$ the Amazon Ba-bin. The. nzcogvUtion o tf deltaic òzdi mentation in the, uppeAi>\06t oi thzòz tuU£& man Rio Bbanco, Brazil, at a modenn elevation o{> approximately 500 ,<$eeí, lead* to the concision that thii> ffltm Φ4 situated on the edge &4 a laige Amazonian lake that ZKÍòtzd in the recent paòt when Andean tectontim caused ac t i ve downuxmping o& the we-òtetn zdge ó$ the Amazon Βαδ-ίη. The nami^ication^ thiò "Lago ΑιηαζοηαΛ" hypotheòiò extend into evexy anea 0^ modem Amazcm.tan geology and biology.
A aplicacao das praticas e tecnicas do inquerito judicial medieval ao estudo do mundo natural per... more A aplicacao das praticas e tecnicas do inquerito judicial medieval ao estudo do mundo natural permitiu uma nova compreensao de muitos fenomenos. Uma forma de analise minuciosa e meticulosa, e que trouxe consigo, indelevel, a vigilância e o questionamento de todas as opinioes, de todas as acoes. Com o tempo, racionalismos regionalizados se desenvolveram e aprimoraram. E com uma preocupacao quase obsessiva em quantificar, a partir de tecnicas e instrumentos sempre mais sofisticados. A analise seletiva, segmentada, porem disciplinada e com atencao crescente aos detalhes, fez com que o mundo do senso comum, da realidade objetiva dos sentidos, fosse ultrapassado em varios momentos, embora, inicialmente, isso quase nao tenha sido percebido. Considerava-se que a ciencia apenas acrescentava novas extensoes ao mundo do senso comum, do micro ao macrocosmo. No inicio do seculo XX, entretanto, esta interpretacao nao pode mais ser sustentada. As rupturas entre o real cientifico e o senso comum t...
The subsurface deposits of the Rio Bonito sedimentary succession in the central block of the Iruí... more The subsurface deposits of the Rio Bonito sedimentary succession in the central block of the Iruí coal mine (Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul State, S Brazil) is composed of sedimentary facies associations that represent deposition in dominantly marginal-marine and shallow-marine settings, the later in minor scale. Ichnofabrics of Chondrites, Chondrites-Helmintopsis-Planolites, Cylindrichnus-Thalassinoides, Helminthopsis, Macaronichnus, Ophiomorpha, Palaeophycus, Planolites, Thalassinoides, and Thalassinoides-Palaeophycus occur in the marginal marine settings, whereas the Thalassinoides-Palaeophycus-Helminthopsis ichnofabric is present in the shallow marine deposits. The marginal-marine ichnofabrics are characterized by the low bioturbation index, the reduced size of burrows, and the low ichnodiversity, whereas the marine ones show a moderate to high degree of bioturbation and low ichnodiversity. The ichnofabric pattern, its stratigraphic distribution, and its sedimentological re...
In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and ... more In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and wave processes. In this paper we present an example of an ancient coastal zone where the change in coastal morphology controlled the tidal range. This study focuses on the Permian Rio Bonito Formation in the southern Parana Basin, where the major coal deposits of South America are located. Sedimentological and stratigraphical approaches were applied to cores drilled in the Candiota paleovalley area. We describe the stratigraphic architecture of a transgressive event of the Lower Permian (Rio Bonito Formation). Two third order depositional sequences were identified, which show differences in the paleoenvironmental record. In the lower sequence, associated with the infilling of an incised valley, facies related to fluvial and tidal currents are dominant. In a micro-tidal inner sea context, tidal range is amplified in a funnel-shaped valley. In the upper sequence, already evolving in linear...
&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp... more &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), one of the best known and prolonged glaciation events in Earth&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s history, resulted in the deposition of glacial sediments over Gondwana. The terminal deglaciation, a diachronic event starting earlier at the western and later in the eastern part of the continent, caused sea level rise and the widespread deposition of transgressive sedimentary successions. The Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin is one of these basins recording both glacial influenced (Itarar&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#233; Group) and post-glacial (Guat&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Group) deposits. However, the absence of Carboniferous and Permian guide fossils has motivated a chronostratigraphic approach based on plants and palynomorphs, which associated with sparse radioisotopic ages have suggested that transition between the glacial-influenced and the post-glacial succession would have occurred in the Sakmarian, early Permian (Holz et al., 2010). &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;These results are in conflict with recent studies that indicate LPIA glacial deposits are constrained to the Carboniferous (Cagliari et al., 2016; Griffis et al., 2019). Therefore, in this study we present new high-precision single-crystal CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb radioisotopic ages for the glacial influenced (one samples) and post-glacial (six samples) deposits in the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin. Along with these new radioisotopic ages, a Bayesian age-depth model was applied to constrain the age of the LPIA demise in the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin, which also represents the icehouse-greenhouse transition. The resulting age for the Rio do Sul Formation, topmost unit of the Itarar&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#233; Group, is Ghzelian (Carboniferous). For the Rio Bonito Formation, basal Guat&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Group, all samples are Asselian (Permian). The results reinforce that glacial-influenced deposits in the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin are constrained to the Carboniferous. Based upon the depth-age model, the icehouse to greenhouse transition likely occurred in the Late Carbon&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#237;ferous. The integration between our results and recent published high-resolution U-Pb ages allowed us to detail the Carboniferous-Permian chronostratigraphic framework of the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;References:&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Holz, M., Fran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#231;a, A.B., Souza, P.A., Iannuzzi, R., Rohn, R. (2010). A stratigraphic chart of the Late Carboniferous/Permian succession of the eastern border of the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin, Brazil, South America. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 29, 381&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#8211;399.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Cagliari, J., Philipp, R.P., Buso, V.V., Netto, R.G., Hillebrand, P.K., Lopes, R.C.L., Basei, M.A.S., Faccini, U.F. (2016). Age constraints of the glaciation in the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; basin: Evidence from new U&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#8211;Pb dates. Journal of the Geological Society 173, 871&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#8211;874.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Griffis, N.P., Monta&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#241;ez, I.P., Mundil, R., Richey, J., Isbell, J., Fedorchuk, N., Linol, B., Iannuzzi, R., Vesely, F., Mottin, T., Rosa, E., Keller, B., Yin, Q. (2019). Coupled stratigraphic and U-Pb zircon age constraints on the late Paleozoic…
&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp... more &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;The intracratonic Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin and its western extension - Chaco-Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin - are located in the south-central portion of South America and cover an area of about &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;~1.8 million km&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;sup&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/sup&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;, including portions in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. The Early Permian epicontinental sea was shallow and likely connected with the Panthalassa in the southern portion of Uruguay (Lavina, 1992). The transgressive sedimentary succession of the Guat&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Group is composed of coastal plain and shallow marine deposits (Rio Bonito Formation), in complex associations due to base level fluctuations and irregular deglaciation paleotopography, and offshore-transitional deposits (Palermo Formation) (Lavina and Lopes, 1987). The Rio Bonito Formation is mostly preserved within paleovalleys carved by glaciers and tectonic. The tidal-influence in this formation occurs throughout the succession and are mainly characterized by medium- to coarse-grained arkosic and quartz sandstones with uni- and bidirectional cross-bedding, herring-bone cross-bedding, tidal bundles, reactivation surfaces, mud drapes, and double mud drapes (Fritzen et al., 2019; Lopes and Lavina, 2001). Besides the tidal sedimentological aspects, the conditions that governed tide in this epicontinental sea are poorly understood. In this work, we present a theoretical perspective on the behavior of tides in the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin epicontinental sea during the Early Permian. Mathematical models were applied to test the existence of amphidromic points in the basin, to verify the possibility of resonance, as well as to test the tidal amplification inside two paleovalleys. The obtained results were compared to Hudson Bay, considered here a modern analog. According to the paleogeography, paleolatitude (Southern Hemisphere), depositional records and insights from the modern analog, the studied Early Permian epicontinental sea likely had bear more than one clockwise-rotation amphidromic system. Resonant effects may also have affected circulation, especially at sea depth below 100 m. In the simulated scenarios, tidal amplification in both valleys was variable but concentrated between micro to mesotidal amplitudes. This is the first contribution to the understanding of the tidal behavior of the Early Permian epicontinental sea.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;References:&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Fritzen, M.R., Cagliari, J., Candido, M., Lavina, E.L., 2019. Tidal bar cyclicity record in the Lower Permian (Rio Bonito Formation of the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin). Sedimentary Geology 381, 76-83.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Lavina, E.L., 1992. Geologia sedimentar e paleogeografia do Neopermiano e Eotriassico (intervalo Kanzaniano - Scythiano) da Bacia do Parana. Ph.D. Thesis, UFRGS University.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Lavina, E.L., Lopes, R.C., 1987. A Transgress&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#227;o Marinha do Permiano Inferior e a Evolu&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#231;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#227;o Paleogeogr&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225;fica do Supergrupo Tubar&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#227;o no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Paula-Coutiana 1, 51-103.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Lopes, R.C., Lavina, E.L., 2001. Estratigrafia de…
The application of the practices and techniques of medieval inquisition to the study of the natur... more The application of the practices and techniques of medieval inquisition to the study of the natural world made possible a new understanding of several phenomena, a detailed and careful analysis that has brought along vigilance, the challenging of all opinions, all actions. In time, local rationalism developed and improved, eager for quantification through techniques and instruments ever more sophisticated. The selective analysis, disciplined and increasingly attentive to details, caused the universe of common sense to be surpassed at several moments, although initially this was barely noticed. Science was seen as merely adding new extensions to the universe of common sense, from micro to macrocosm. In the beginning of the 20th century, however, this interpretation crumbled. Ruptures between the scientific reality and common sense suddenly became immense. The progressive decomposition of reality in simple phenomena, isolated from any idealized noise or causal element, led to the cons...
O mapeamento geológico 1:100.000 da Folha Igrejinha integrado com análises petrográficas, litogeo... more O mapeamento geológico 1:100.000 da Folha Igrejinha integrado com análises petrográficas, litogeoquímicas e mineralógicas permitiu a subdivisão do Complexo Granulítico Santa Maria Chico (CGSMC) em ortognaisses e rochas metamáficoultramáficas estratiformes. Os primeiros compreendem gnaisses tonalíticos e granodioríticos, com metadioritos e metahornblenditos. Os gnaisses máficos incluem metagabros e metapiroxenitos, com raros metanoritos e metanortositos. As rochas metaultramáficas são compostas por metadunitos, metaperidotitos, serpentinitos e xistos magnesianos. Ambos os gnaisses ocorrem como corpos alongados segundo a direção E-W e NW-SE intercalados segundo a foliação principal. As unidades mostram concordância estrutural em toda a área, entretanto, na porção sul, os ortognaisses estão rotacionados por falhas normais/transcorrentes de direção N60-70oE vinculadas a colocação dos granitos da Suíte Santo Afonso. Os gnaisses apresentam um bandamento irregular e descontínuo orientado s...
In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and ... more In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and wave processes. In this paper we present an example of an ancient coastal zone where the change in coastal morphology controlled the tidal range. This study focuses on the Permian Rio Bonito Formation in the southern Parana Basin, where the major coal deposits of South America are located. Sedimentological and stratigraphical approaches were applied to cores drilled in the Candiota paleovalley area. We describe the stratigraphic architecture of a transgressive event of the Lower Permian (Rio Bonito Formation). Two third order depositional sequences were identified, which show differences in the paleoenvironmental record. In the lower sequence, associated with the infilling of an incised valley, facies related to fluvial and tidal currents are dominant. In a micro-tidal inner sea context, tidal range is amplified in a funnel-shaped valley. In the upper sequence, already evolving in linear...
The Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian glacigenic deposits of the Itararé Group (Paraná Basin) are... more The Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian glacigenic deposits of the Itararé Group (Paraná Basin) are widely known and cover an extensive area in the southern Brazil. These deposits consist of different arrangements of massive shales, diamictites, rhythmites, and fine- to medium-grained sandstones with trough cross-stratification. Five genetically distinct thickening-, locally coarsening-upward successions of regular rhythmites can be distinguished in the Mafra/Rio Negro region (Santa Catarina and Paraná states, southern Brazil), representing the landward portion of an incised valley filled during deglaciation. A low diversity invertebrate ichnofauna composed of a freshwater, shallow burrow-dominated suite, and trackway-dominated suite occurs in these rhythmites. The freshwater shallow burrow-dominated suite is composed of Cochlichnus anguineus, Cruziana cf. problematica, Gordia arcuata, Gordia marina, Hormosiroidea meandrica, Rusophycus cf. carbonarius, and Treptichnus pollardi, as wel...
A analise da literatura referente ao periodo Permiano revela uma profusao de teorias contraditori... more A analise da literatura referente ao periodo Permiano revela uma profusao de teorias contraditorias, especialmente quanto a episodios de extincao, paleogeografia e paleoclimatologia. Isto decorre dos diferentes paradigmas (em sua conotacao reducionista e determinista) utilizados por diferentes grupos de pesquisadores, e tambem das decisoes individuais arbitrarias durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. A Geologia, enquanto ciencia historica, incorpora um elevado grau de subjetividade, uma vez que nao e possivel acesso direto ao objeto de estudo. As condicoes climaticas e geograficas e suas implicacoes no desenvolvimento biologico de um determinado intervalo de tempo podem ser apenas presumidas, ainda assim considerando premissas uniformitaristas de aplicabilidade incerta. Deste modo, um grande numero de teorias compete na tentativa de construir um passado coerente para a Terra. Porem, o conjunto das teorias torna qualquer tentativa de analise uma tarefa extraordinariamente complexa. ...
Recent òtudieÁ have d^cnibed LCideApnead òtna-U.gfiaphic uni.tò 0·3⁄4 iate. P£eátocen€ and Holoce... more Recent òtudieÁ have d^cnibed LCideApnead òtna-U.gfiaphic uni.tò 0·3⁄4 iate. P£eátocen€ and Holoce.no. age in the weotenn pant o$ the Amazon Ba-bin. The. nzcogvUtion o tf deltaic òzdi mentation in the, uppeAi>\06t oi thzòz tuU£& man Rio Bbanco, Brazil, at a modenn elevation o{> approximately 500 ,<$eeí, lead* to the concision that thii> ffltm Φ4 situated on the edge &4 a laige Amazonian lake that ZKÍòtzd in the recent paòt when Andean tectontim caused ac t i ve downuxmping o& the we-òtetn zdge ó$ the Amazon Βαδ-ίη. The nami^ication^ thiò "Lago ΑιηαζοηαΛ" hypotheòiò extend into evexy anea 0^ modem Amazcm.tan geology and biology.
A aplicacao das praticas e tecnicas do inquerito judicial medieval ao estudo do mundo natural per... more A aplicacao das praticas e tecnicas do inquerito judicial medieval ao estudo do mundo natural permitiu uma nova compreensao de muitos fenomenos. Uma forma de analise minuciosa e meticulosa, e que trouxe consigo, indelevel, a vigilância e o questionamento de todas as opinioes, de todas as acoes. Com o tempo, racionalismos regionalizados se desenvolveram e aprimoraram. E com uma preocupacao quase obsessiva em quantificar, a partir de tecnicas e instrumentos sempre mais sofisticados. A analise seletiva, segmentada, porem disciplinada e com atencao crescente aos detalhes, fez com que o mundo do senso comum, da realidade objetiva dos sentidos, fosse ultrapassado em varios momentos, embora, inicialmente, isso quase nao tenha sido percebido. Considerava-se que a ciencia apenas acrescentava novas extensoes ao mundo do senso comum, do micro ao macrocosmo. No inicio do seculo XX, entretanto, esta interpretacao nao pode mais ser sustentada. As rupturas entre o real cientifico e o senso comum t...
The subsurface deposits of the Rio Bonito sedimentary succession in the central block of the Iruí... more The subsurface deposits of the Rio Bonito sedimentary succession in the central block of the Iruí coal mine (Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul State, S Brazil) is composed of sedimentary facies associations that represent deposition in dominantly marginal-marine and shallow-marine settings, the later in minor scale. Ichnofabrics of Chondrites, Chondrites-Helmintopsis-Planolites, Cylindrichnus-Thalassinoides, Helminthopsis, Macaronichnus, Ophiomorpha, Palaeophycus, Planolites, Thalassinoides, and Thalassinoides-Palaeophycus occur in the marginal marine settings, whereas the Thalassinoides-Palaeophycus-Helminthopsis ichnofabric is present in the shallow marine deposits. The marginal-marine ichnofabrics are characterized by the low bioturbation index, the reduced size of burrows, and the low ichnodiversity, whereas the marine ones show a moderate to high degree of bioturbation and low ichnodiversity. The ichnofabric pattern, its stratigraphic distribution, and its sedimentological re...
In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and ... more In modern marine marginal environments, the coastal morphology directly influences the tidal and wave processes. In this paper we present an example of an ancient coastal zone where the change in coastal morphology controlled the tidal range. This study focuses on the Permian Rio Bonito Formation in the southern Parana Basin, where the major coal deposits of South America are located. Sedimentological and stratigraphical approaches were applied to cores drilled in the Candiota paleovalley area. We describe the stratigraphic architecture of a transgressive event of the Lower Permian (Rio Bonito Formation). Two third order depositional sequences were identified, which show differences in the paleoenvironmental record. In the lower sequence, associated with the infilling of an incised valley, facies related to fluvial and tidal currents are dominant. In a micro-tidal inner sea context, tidal range is amplified in a funnel-shaped valley. In the upper sequence, already evolving in linear...
&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp... more &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), one of the best known and prolonged glaciation events in Earth&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s history, resulted in the deposition of glacial sediments over Gondwana. The terminal deglaciation, a diachronic event starting earlier at the western and later in the eastern part of the continent, caused sea level rise and the widespread deposition of transgressive sedimentary successions. The Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin is one of these basins recording both glacial influenced (Itarar&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#233; Group) and post-glacial (Guat&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Group) deposits. However, the absence of Carboniferous and Permian guide fossils has motivated a chronostratigraphic approach based on plants and palynomorphs, which associated with sparse radioisotopic ages have suggested that transition between the glacial-influenced and the post-glacial succession would have occurred in the Sakmarian, early Permian (Holz et al., 2010). &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;These results are in conflict with recent studies that indicate LPIA glacial deposits are constrained to the Carboniferous (Cagliari et al., 2016; Griffis et al., 2019). Therefore, in this study we present new high-precision single-crystal CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb radioisotopic ages for the glacial influenced (one samples) and post-glacial (six samples) deposits in the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin. Along with these new radioisotopic ages, a Bayesian age-depth model was applied to constrain the age of the LPIA demise in the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin, which also represents the icehouse-greenhouse transition. The resulting age for the Rio do Sul Formation, topmost unit of the Itarar&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#233; Group, is Ghzelian (Carboniferous). For the Rio Bonito Formation, basal Guat&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Group, all samples are Asselian (Permian). The results reinforce that glacial-influenced deposits in the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin are constrained to the Carboniferous. Based upon the depth-age model, the icehouse to greenhouse transition likely occurred in the Late Carbon&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#237;ferous. The integration between our results and recent published high-resolution U-Pb ages allowed us to detail the Carboniferous-Permian chronostratigraphic framework of the southern Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;References:&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Holz, M., Fran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#231;a, A.B., Souza, P.A., Iannuzzi, R., Rohn, R. (2010). A stratigraphic chart of the Late Carboniferous/Permian succession of the eastern border of the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin, Brazil, South America. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 29, 381&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#8211;399.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Cagliari, J., Philipp, R.P., Buso, V.V., Netto, R.G., Hillebrand, P.K., Lopes, R.C.L., Basei, M.A.S., Faccini, U.F. (2016). Age constraints of the glaciation in the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; basin: Evidence from new U&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#8211;Pb dates. Journal of the Geological Society 173, 871&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#8211;874.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Griffis, N.P., Monta&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#241;ez, I.P., Mundil, R., Richey, J., Isbell, J., Fedorchuk, N., Linol, B., Iannuzzi, R., Vesely, F., Mottin, T., Rosa, E., Keller, B., Yin, Q. (2019). Coupled stratigraphic and U-Pb zircon age constraints on the late Paleozoic…
&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp... more &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;The intracratonic Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin and its western extension - Chaco-Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin - are located in the south-central portion of South America and cover an area of about &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;~1.8 million km&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;sup&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;2&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/sup&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;, including portions in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. The Early Permian epicontinental sea was shallow and likely connected with the Panthalassa in the southern portion of Uruguay (Lavina, 1992). The transgressive sedimentary succession of the Guat&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Group is composed of coastal plain and shallow marine deposits (Rio Bonito Formation), in complex associations due to base level fluctuations and irregular deglaciation paleotopography, and offshore-transitional deposits (Palermo Formation) (Lavina and Lopes, 1987). The Rio Bonito Formation is mostly preserved within paleovalleys carved by glaciers and tectonic. The tidal-influence in this formation occurs throughout the succession and are mainly characterized by medium- to coarse-grained arkosic and quartz sandstones with uni- and bidirectional cross-bedding, herring-bone cross-bedding, tidal bundles, reactivation surfaces, mud drapes, and double mud drapes (Fritzen et al., 2019; Lopes and Lavina, 2001). Besides the tidal sedimentological aspects, the conditions that governed tide in this epicontinental sea are poorly understood. In this work, we present a theoretical perspective on the behavior of tides in the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin epicontinental sea during the Early Permian. Mathematical models were applied to test the existence of amphidromic points in the basin, to verify the possibility of resonance, as well as to test the tidal amplification inside two paleovalleys. The obtained results were compared to Hudson Bay, considered here a modern analog. According to the paleogeography, paleolatitude (Southern Hemisphere), depositional records and insights from the modern analog, the studied Early Permian epicontinental sea likely had bear more than one clockwise-rotation amphidromic system. Resonant effects may also have affected circulation, especially at sea depth below 100 m. In the simulated scenarios, tidal amplification in both valleys was variable but concentrated between micro to mesotidal amplitudes. This is the first contribution to the understanding of the tidal behavior of the Early Permian epicontinental sea.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#160;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;References:&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Fritzen, M.R., Cagliari, J., Candido, M., Lavina, E.L., 2019. Tidal bar cyclicity record in the Lower Permian (Rio Bonito Formation of the Paran&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225; Basin). Sedimentary Geology 381, 76-83.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Lavina, E.L., 1992. Geologia sedimentar e paleogeografia do Neopermiano e Eotriassico (intervalo Kanzaniano - Scythiano) da Bacia do Parana. Ph.D. Thesis, UFRGS University.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Lavina, E.L., Lopes, R.C., 1987. A Transgress&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#227;o Marinha do Permiano Inferior e a Evolu&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#231;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#227;o Paleogeogr&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#225;fica do Supergrupo Tubar&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#227;o no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Paula-Coutiana 1, 51-103.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;Lopes, R.C., Lavina, E.L., 2001. Estratigrafia de…
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