ABSTRACT This article presents a series of thermoluminescence dates obtained from archaeological ... more ABSTRACT This article presents a series of thermoluminescence dates obtained from archaeological sites in the Angostura micro region, at the southern edge of the Santiago basin, an area occupied by Bato and Llolleo groups during the Early Ceramic period (200 BC–AD 1300). This series of dates, which cover a time span of around 1500 years, shows moments when dates are abundant and others when they are remarkably scant. We propose that a comparison of the relative frequency of dates can be used as an indirect measure of variations in the intensity of occupation of each of these groups in the zone. We used a summed probability analysis by decade to evaluate sets of dates according to cultural context and sectors of the study area. The results show that while the Bato and Llolleo were irrefutably contemporaneous, the Bato emerged slightly earlier, and that both –but especially the Llolleo– coexisted in later times with Aconcagua groups. At a micro regional scale significant differences as well as changes in Bato and Llolleo population dynamics were made clear. While the Bato display a natural growth curve and then declines, Llolleo increased their population significantly after AD 700, probably because of their reliance on maize crops. Not only did the chronological curves differ; the sectors where they placed their settlements varied over time depending on their specific horticultural practices, local climatic fluctuations, and each other's proximity.
ABSTRACT Diet and mobility at the end of the Archaic period and the initial stage of the Early Ce... more ABSTRACT Diet and mobility at the end of the Archaic period and the initial stage of the Early Ceramic period in central Chile are the subjects of this paper and are discussed on the basis of the results of stable isotope analysis of 20 individuals sampled from the Andean cordillera, central valley, and coast. The results indicate that the diet of Archaic groups living along the coast did not incorporate marine resources to any significant extent. Individuals sampled from the Early Ceramic period do not reveal consumption of animal protein, which raises the question of alternative sources for the protein necessary for survival. In terms of mobility, the results of the investigation suggest that the cordillera was occupied by people with a high-mobility pattern.
This paper presents the methodology and results of intensive surface surveys carried out in the s... more This paper presents the methodology and results of intensive surface surveys carried out in the southern Santiago Basin, focused on the locality, a scale of analysis not previously undertaken in archeological studies of Central Chile. The settlement pattern point out to a high concentration of Early Ceramic Period domestic occupations, followed by less intense occupations during the Late Ceramic Period. These occupations were linked to the availability in this locality of surface water resources and reflect a way of occupying space defined by scattered domestic units , in whose vicinity were other domestic units, although not necessarily connected socially.
Los desarrollos culturales del período Alfarero Temprano (PAT) de Chile central, conocidos como C... more Los desarrollos culturales del período Alfarero Temprano (PAT) de Chile central, conocidos como Complejo cultural Llolleo y Complejo Cultural Bato, tradicionalmente se han descrito como sociedades hortícolas, con formas de asentamiento permanente o semi-permanente, que en general se distribuyen en forma dispersa en el espacio y que no manifiestan señales de jerarquías institucionalizadas. Nuestra investigación implica el estudio de la organización social de estos grupos aplicando una estrategia de análisis a nivel de la localidad (micro regional). Esta consistió en estudiar un espacio continuo y acotado (20 x 10 km) en el extremo sur de la cuenca de Santiago, valle del rio Angostura, inicialmente con prospecciones de cobertura total y luego, a partir de las evidencias recuperadas, intensificando el estudio con intervenciones de diferente tipo en las áreas que mostraran ocupación humana. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten esbozar algunas propuestas en re¬lación a niveles de agrupamiento/segregación espacial que pensamos tienen un correlato con comunidades de distintos niveles de integración social.
ABSTRACT This article presents a series of thermoluminescence dates obtained from archaeological ... more ABSTRACT This article presents a series of thermoluminescence dates obtained from archaeological sites in the Angostura micro region, at the southern edge of the Santiago basin, an area occupied by Bato and Llolleo groups during the Early Ceramic period (200 BC–AD 1300). This series of dates, which cover a time span of around 1500 years, shows moments when dates are abundant and others when they are remarkably scant. We propose that a comparison of the relative frequency of dates can be used as an indirect measure of variations in the intensity of occupation of each of these groups in the zone. We used a summed probability analysis by decade to evaluate sets of dates according to cultural context and sectors of the study area. The results show that while the Bato and Llolleo were irrefutably contemporaneous, the Bato emerged slightly earlier, and that both –but especially the Llolleo– coexisted in later times with Aconcagua groups. At a micro regional scale significant differences as well as changes in Bato and Llolleo population dynamics were made clear. While the Bato display a natural growth curve and then declines, Llolleo increased their population significantly after AD 700, probably because of their reliance on maize crops. Not only did the chronological curves differ; the sectors where they placed their settlements varied over time depending on their specific horticultural practices, local climatic fluctuations, and each other's proximity.
ABSTRACT Diet and mobility at the end of the Archaic period and the initial stage of the Early Ce... more ABSTRACT Diet and mobility at the end of the Archaic period and the initial stage of the Early Ceramic period in central Chile are the subjects of this paper and are discussed on the basis of the results of stable isotope analysis of 20 individuals sampled from the Andean cordillera, central valley, and coast. The results indicate that the diet of Archaic groups living along the coast did not incorporate marine resources to any significant extent. Individuals sampled from the Early Ceramic period do not reveal consumption of animal protein, which raises the question of alternative sources for the protein necessary for survival. In terms of mobility, the results of the investigation suggest that the cordillera was occupied by people with a high-mobility pattern.
This paper presents the methodology and results of intensive surface surveys carried out in the s... more This paper presents the methodology and results of intensive surface surveys carried out in the southern Santiago Basin, focused on the locality, a scale of analysis not previously undertaken in archeological studies of Central Chile. The settlement pattern point out to a high concentration of Early Ceramic Period domestic occupations, followed by less intense occupations during the Late Ceramic Period. These occupations were linked to the availability in this locality of surface water resources and reflect a way of occupying space defined by scattered domestic units , in whose vicinity were other domestic units, although not necessarily connected socially.
Los desarrollos culturales del período Alfarero Temprano (PAT) de Chile central, conocidos como C... more Los desarrollos culturales del período Alfarero Temprano (PAT) de Chile central, conocidos como Complejo cultural Llolleo y Complejo Cultural Bato, tradicionalmente se han descrito como sociedades hortícolas, con formas de asentamiento permanente o semi-permanente, que en general se distribuyen en forma dispersa en el espacio y que no manifiestan señales de jerarquías institucionalizadas. Nuestra investigación implica el estudio de la organización social de estos grupos aplicando una estrategia de análisis a nivel de la localidad (micro regional). Esta consistió en estudiar un espacio continuo y acotado (20 x 10 km) en el extremo sur de la cuenca de Santiago, valle del rio Angostura, inicialmente con prospecciones de cobertura total y luego, a partir de las evidencias recuperadas, intensificando el estudio con intervenciones de diferente tipo en las áreas que mostraran ocupación humana. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten esbozar algunas propuestas en re¬lación a niveles de agrupamiento/segregación espacial que pensamos tienen un correlato con comunidades de distintos niveles de integración social.
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