ABSTRACT 1. Il teatro (da [1]) Il Teatro alla Scala di Milano, citato spesso semplicemente come L... more ABSTRACT 1. Il teatro (da [1]) Il Teatro alla Scala di Milano, citato spesso semplicemente come La Scala, oltre ad essere uno dei teatri più famosi al mondo è conosciuto come "il tempio della lirica"; si-tuato in una delle piazze maggiormente frequentate ed eleganti della città, l'omoni-ma Piazza della Scala, dalla quale prende appunto il nome. L'attuale stagione teatrale, uno dei più importanti eventi della vita culturale milanese, è composta da opera liri-ca, balletto e concerti di musica classica. Figura 1 – Sala e facciata del Teatro La Scala 1.1 La storia Il teatro della Scala fu fondato per volere dell'imperatrice Maria Teresa d'Austria dopo l'incendio che nel 1776 (il 26 febbraio) distrusse il Teatro Regio Ducale di Mila-no, che fino a quel momento ospitava l'opera lirica. Le spese per l'edificazione del nuo-vo teatro furono sostenute dai proprietari dei palchi del Teatro Regio Ducale in cambio del rinnovo della proprietà dei palchi.
Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation is a potential noninvasive marker for fetal aneup... more Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation is a potential noninvasive marker for fetal aneuploidies. In previous studies with Y DNA as a fetal-specific marker, levels of circulating fetal DNA were shown to be elevated in women carrying trisomy 21 fetuses. The goal of this study was to determine whether cell-free fetal DNA levels in the serum of pregnant women carrying fetuses with trisomies 13 or 18 are also elevated. Archived maternal serum samples from five cases of male trisomy 13 and five cases of male trisomy 18 were studied. Each case was matched for fetal gender, gestational age, and duration of freezer storage to four or five control serum samples presumed to be euploid after newborn medical record review. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction amplification of DYS1 was performed to measure the amount of male fetal DNA present. Unadjusted median serum fetal DNA concentrations were 97.5 GE/ml (genomic equivalents per milliliter; 29.2-187.0) for the trisomy 13 c...
This paper describes the results of the European Inter-Laboratory Test (ILT) program, conducted f... more This paper describes the results of the European Inter-Laboratory Test (ILT) program, conducted for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility values for the laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation of walls. A total of 24 laboratories took part in this ILT, 21 belonging to the European Community. Two test structures were constructed; a double lightweight wall and a single lightweight wall, both built of plasterboard. The sound reduction index values were measured. The main result of the ILT was the significant difference obtained for the reproducibility value, R, for the double lightweight wall with values up to 12 dB at middle-high-frequencies. On the contrary, the reproducibility value for the single wall was very similar to the tentative values indicated in Annex A of ISO 140–2. Good agreement between laboratories was found for both structures in the computed repeatability values, r.
ABSTRACT This paper deals with the experimental results gathered in order to define the acoustic ... more ABSTRACT This paper deals with the experimental results gathered in order to define the acoustic characteristics of the "Salone Pedrotti" in Pesaro, before its restoration. The hall is rectangular, with about 800 divided seats between the stalls and the two galleries. It is one of the few examples of shoe-box halls in Italy. To evaluate the acoustic characteristics of the hall, the main acoustic parameters in use today were measured at various points. The results of the measurements revealed values of the acoustic parameters which were very close to those considered optimal for halls of this size and use. From the results of the measurements, the great importance of the ceiling and the link between the top of the stage and the loft, comes out. The wall separating these two parts is formed by a light structure made of plaster and straw, unlike the heavy walls usually imposed by fire protection regulations. The ceiling is therefore not only a passive element of acoustic reflection, but also an active element, capable of radiating acoustic energy coming from the top of the stage. In view of the required restoration of the ceiling, further studies are being carried out in order to better understand the acoustic function of this element of the hall and to be able to give valuable advice regarding the necessary interventions to safeguard this acoustic function and at the same time strengthen the structure.
ABSTRACT This paper describes the techniques employed for the architectonic and acoustic renderin... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the techniques employed for the architectonic and acoustic rendering of the Teatro degli Intrepidi in Ferrara, designed by Giovan Battista Aleotti at the beginning of 17th century. Shape, dimension and materials were chosen according to the historical documents found. Where no information was available, the choices were made according to what can be seen in the Teatro Farnese in Parma, which was also designed by the same architect a few years later, and in which the same new design solutions were used. The acoustical rendering was obtained by employing modern techniques of virtual acoustic reality, yielding the auralization of anechoic samples of speech and music with the numerically computed impulse responses of the theatre.
The definition and measurement of sound spatialisation have been strongly enhanced in last years,... more The definition and measurement of sound spatialisation have been strongly enhanced in last years, as nowadays spatial properties of sound propagation are considered quite important during design of auditoria. Besides, a proper description of spatiality is requested during virtual audio reproduction of sound quality in dedicated listening rooms for 3D reproduction purposes. Normally, only binaural measurements are performed, by means
ABSTRACT 1. Il teatro (da [1]) Il Teatro alla Scala di Milano, citato spesso semplicemente come L... more ABSTRACT 1. Il teatro (da [1]) Il Teatro alla Scala di Milano, citato spesso semplicemente come La Scala, oltre ad essere uno dei teatri più famosi al mondo è conosciuto come "il tempio della lirica"; si-tuato in una delle piazze maggiormente frequentate ed eleganti della città, l'omoni-ma Piazza della Scala, dalla quale prende appunto il nome. L'attuale stagione teatrale, uno dei più importanti eventi della vita culturale milanese, è composta da opera liri-ca, balletto e concerti di musica classica. Figura 1 – Sala e facciata del Teatro La Scala 1.1 La storia Il teatro della Scala fu fondato per volere dell'imperatrice Maria Teresa d'Austria dopo l'incendio che nel 1776 (il 26 febbraio) distrusse il Teatro Regio Ducale di Mila-no, che fino a quel momento ospitava l'opera lirica. Le spese per l'edificazione del nuo-vo teatro furono sostenute dai proprietari dei palchi del Teatro Regio Ducale in cambio del rinnovo della proprietà dei palchi.
Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation is a potential noninvasive marker for fetal aneup... more Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation is a potential noninvasive marker for fetal aneuploidies. In previous studies with Y DNA as a fetal-specific marker, levels of circulating fetal DNA were shown to be elevated in women carrying trisomy 21 fetuses. The goal of this study was to determine whether cell-free fetal DNA levels in the serum of pregnant women carrying fetuses with trisomies 13 or 18 are also elevated. Archived maternal serum samples from five cases of male trisomy 13 and five cases of male trisomy 18 were studied. Each case was matched for fetal gender, gestational age, and duration of freezer storage to four or five control serum samples presumed to be euploid after newborn medical record review. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction amplification of DYS1 was performed to measure the amount of male fetal DNA present. Unadjusted median serum fetal DNA concentrations were 97.5 GE/ml (genomic equivalents per milliliter; 29.2-187.0) for the trisomy 13 c...
This paper describes the results of the European Inter-Laboratory Test (ILT) program, conducted f... more This paper describes the results of the European Inter-Laboratory Test (ILT) program, conducted for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility values for the laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation of walls. A total of 24 laboratories took part in this ILT, 21 belonging to the European Community. Two test structures were constructed; a double lightweight wall and a single lightweight wall, both built of plasterboard. The sound reduction index values were measured. The main result of the ILT was the significant difference obtained for the reproducibility value, R, for the double lightweight wall with values up to 12 dB at middle-high-frequencies. On the contrary, the reproducibility value for the single wall was very similar to the tentative values indicated in Annex A of ISO 140–2. Good agreement between laboratories was found for both structures in the computed repeatability values, r.
ABSTRACT This paper deals with the experimental results gathered in order to define the acoustic ... more ABSTRACT This paper deals with the experimental results gathered in order to define the acoustic characteristics of the "Salone Pedrotti" in Pesaro, before its restoration. The hall is rectangular, with about 800 divided seats between the stalls and the two galleries. It is one of the few examples of shoe-box halls in Italy. To evaluate the acoustic characteristics of the hall, the main acoustic parameters in use today were measured at various points. The results of the measurements revealed values of the acoustic parameters which were very close to those considered optimal for halls of this size and use. From the results of the measurements, the great importance of the ceiling and the link between the top of the stage and the loft, comes out. The wall separating these two parts is formed by a light structure made of plaster and straw, unlike the heavy walls usually imposed by fire protection regulations. The ceiling is therefore not only a passive element of acoustic reflection, but also an active element, capable of radiating acoustic energy coming from the top of the stage. In view of the required restoration of the ceiling, further studies are being carried out in order to better understand the acoustic function of this element of the hall and to be able to give valuable advice regarding the necessary interventions to safeguard this acoustic function and at the same time strengthen the structure.
ABSTRACT This paper describes the techniques employed for the architectonic and acoustic renderin... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the techniques employed for the architectonic and acoustic rendering of the Teatro degli Intrepidi in Ferrara, designed by Giovan Battista Aleotti at the beginning of 17th century. Shape, dimension and materials were chosen according to the historical documents found. Where no information was available, the choices were made according to what can be seen in the Teatro Farnese in Parma, which was also designed by the same architect a few years later, and in which the same new design solutions were used. The acoustical rendering was obtained by employing modern techniques of virtual acoustic reality, yielding the auralization of anechoic samples of speech and music with the numerically computed impulse responses of the theatre.
The definition and measurement of sound spatialisation have been strongly enhanced in last years,... more The definition and measurement of sound spatialisation have been strongly enhanced in last years, as nowadays spatial properties of sound propagation are considered quite important during design of auditoria. Besides, a proper description of spatiality is requested during virtual audio reproduction of sound quality in dedicated listening rooms for 3D reproduction purposes. Normally, only binaural measurements are performed, by means
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