This study aims to investigate assortative mating based on mate value from male perspective. Male... more This study aims to investigate assortative mating based on mate value from male perspective. Male participants (132 Brazilian and 106 American) evaluated hypothetical “stimulus” males described in terms of physical attractiveness, social skills, and social status (each varied in high or low levels). Participants rated each stimulus and each stimulus' preferred mating partner on nine traits. The results showed that (1) positive assortative mating was expected in romantic relationships; (2) the stimulus ratings did not vary independently, suggesting that mate value is the result of the interaction of the characteristics of individuals; and (3) that participants expected physically attractive and healthier female partners to pair with high-status male stimuli. The American and Brazilian mating expectations were similar, minor differences indicate that Brazilian participants considered men with high levels of social skills to be more ambitious and intelligent; American participants ...
Introducao: O comportamento alimentar e reconhecidamente complexo e influenciado por diversos fat... more Introducao: O comportamento alimentar e reconhecidamente complexo e influenciado por diversos fatores, como culturais, sociais, psicologicos e fisiologicos, que incluem os nutricionais. O conhecimento adquirido durante o curso pode afetar o perfil de comportamento alimentar dos futuros nutricionistas. Objetivo: Analisar o comportamento alimentar das estudantes do primeiro e ultimo ano do curso de graduacao em Nutricao da Universidade Potiguar, com enfase nas tres dimensoes do comportamento alimentar. Metodo: Participaram da pesquisa 89 estudantes universitarias, devidamente matriculadas no primeiro (n=50) e ultimo ano (n=39) do curso de Nutricao. O comportamento alimentar das estudantes foi avaliando utilizando o The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, versao reduzida de 21 itens (TFEQ-R21), e tambem foram coletados dados sociodemograficos para caracterizacao da amostra. Resultados: De acordo com os resultados, as estudantes apresentaram idade media de 25,60±6,6 anos, estavam solteir...
Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in wh... more Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in which people often rely on their sense of smell in the social context. The importance of the sense of smell and its role can however vary inter-individually and culturally. Despite the growing body of literature on differences in olfactory performance or hedonic preferences across the globe, the aspects of a given culture as well as culturally universal individual differences affecting odor awareness in human social life remain unknown. Here, we conducted a large-scale analysis of data collected from 10,794 participants from 52 study sites from 44 countries all over the world. The aim of our research was to explore the potential individual and country-level correlates of odor awareness in the social context. The results show that the individual characteristics were more strongly related than country-level factors to self-reported odor awareness in different social contexts. A model includi...
Human spatial behavior has been the focus of hundreds of previous research studies. However, the ... more Human spatial behavior has been the focus of hundreds of previous research studies. However, the conclusions and generalizability of previous studies on interpersonal distance preferences were limited by some important methodological and sampling issues. The objective of the present study was to compare preferred interpersonal distances across the world and to overcome the problems observed in previous studies. We present an extensive analysis of interpersonal distances over a large data set ( N = 8,943 participants from 42 countries). We attempted to relate the preferred social, personal, and intimate distances observed in each country to a set of individual characteristics of the participants, and some attributes of their cultures. Our study indicates that individual characteristics (age and gender) influence interpersonal space preferences and that some variation in results can be explained by temperature in a given region. We also present objective values of preferred interperso...
Several studies have demonstrated that men and women exhibit different romantic preferences, whic... more Several studies have demonstrated that men and women exhibit different romantic preferences, which align with the patterns predicted by sexual strategies theory. It is also assumed that the mate's value is a central factor in determining an individual's sexual strategy. Thus, the current study was developed to investigate whether intra-sex variation exists in the ideal romantic preferences of both genders and whether these preferences are associated with self-perception. To investigate these questions, cluster analyses were performed on the descriptions of ideal mates for short- and long-term relationships given by 366 Brazilian undergraduates (145 men and 221 women). Subsequently, comparisons were made between the lists of self-perceived attributes related to reproduction generated by the resulting groups. The results suggest that males and females use different mating tactics for short-term mating and that males use different tactics for long-term mating. Among men, the ma...
Resumo O estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da formação acadêmica em Nutrição na expressão do ... more Resumo O estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da formação acadêmica em Nutrição na expressão do comportamento alimentar neofóbico. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 247 universitários de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 24,6 ± 6,8 anos, matriculados no primeiro e no último ano de graduação em Nutrição e em outros cursos superiores da área de ciência da saúde. Foi avaliado o grau de neofobia alimentar através da Escala de Neofobia Alimentar associada a uma medida comportamental, obtida a partir da escolha entre alimentos conhecidos ou desconhecidos. De acordo com os resultados, os estudantes que estavam o início do curso de Nutrição apresentaram maiores escores de neofobia alimentar do que os do final do curso. No entanto, essa diferença não foi observada quando se comparou com os estudantes ingressantes e concluintes de outros cursos de graduação. Já na avaliação comportamental, foi visto que a maior parte dos estudantes concluintes do curso de Nutrição escolheu a p...
Objective:Theoriesabouthowcoupleshelpeachothertocopewithstress,suchasthesystemictransactionalmode... more Objective:Theoriesabouthowcoupleshelpeachothertocopewithstress,suchasthesystemictransactionalmodelofdyadiccoping,suggestthattheculturalcontextinwhichcouplesliveinfluenceshowtheircopingbehavioraffectstheirrelationshipsatisfaction.Incontrasttothetheoreticalassumptions,arecentmeta-analysisprovidesevidencethatneitherculture,norgender,influencestheassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfaction,atleastbasedontheirsamplesofcoupleslivinginNorthAmericaandWestEurope.Thus,itisanopenquestionswhetherthetheoreticalassumptionsofculturalinfluencesarefalseorwhetherculturalinfluencesoncouplebehaviorjustoccurinculturesoutsideoftheWesternworld.Method:Inordertoexaminetheculturalinfluence,usingasampleofmarriedindividuals(N=7973)from35nations,weusedmultilevelmodelingtotestwhetherthepositiveassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfactionvariesacrossnationsandwhethergendermightmoderatetheassociation.Results:Resultsrevealthattheassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfactionvariesbetweennations.Inaddition,resultsshowthatinsomenationstheassociationishigherformenandinothernationsitishigherforwomen.Conclusions:Culturalandgenderdifferencesacrosstheglobeinfluencehowcouples’copingbehavioraffectsrelationshipoutcomes.Thiscrucialfindingindicatesthatcouplerelationshipeducationprogramsandinterventionsneedtobeculturallyadapted,asskilltrainingssuchasdyadiccopingleadtodifferentialeffectsonrelationshipsatisfactionbasedonthecultureinwhichcoupleslive.
A number of studies have described different preference patterns typically found for men and wome... more A number of studies have described different preference patterns typically found for men and women when choosing romantic mates. These vary according to the involvement level expected in the relationship. Despite the number of investigations on the topic, one must be careful not to generalize because most studies use samples composed of North American university undergraduates. This study sought to determine if the preference patterns typically found in other countries also occur among Brazilian undergraduates. The importance of characteristics and modifications in preference patterns under gradually restrictive conditions was also investigated. In general, the results obtained suggest that the preferences found in a number of countries also occur in Brazil. In short-term relationships, men prioritize physical attributes, whereas personal traits gain importance when involvement increases. Women in short-term relationships value physical and personal traits, whereas in the long term, they emphasize personal characteristics and their mate's desire to acquire resources. Resource-related traits were less important than the other traits, and were more important for women than for men.
This study aims to investigate assortative mating based on mate value from male perspective. Male... more This study aims to investigate assortative mating based on mate value from male perspective. Male participants (132 Brazilian and 106 American) evaluated hypothetical “stimulus” males described in terms of physical attractiveness, social skills, and social status (each varied in high or low levels). Participants rated each stimulus and each stimulus' preferred mating partner on nine traits. The results showed that (1) positive assortative mating was expected in romantic relationships; (2) the stimulus ratings did not vary independently, suggesting that mate value is the result of the interaction of the characteristics of individuals; and (3) that participants expected physically attractive and healthier female partners to pair with high-status male stimuli. The American and Brazilian mating expectations were similar, minor differences indicate that Brazilian participants considered men with high levels of social skills to be more ambitious and intelligent; American participants ...
Introducao: O comportamento alimentar e reconhecidamente complexo e influenciado por diversos fat... more Introducao: O comportamento alimentar e reconhecidamente complexo e influenciado por diversos fatores, como culturais, sociais, psicologicos e fisiologicos, que incluem os nutricionais. O conhecimento adquirido durante o curso pode afetar o perfil de comportamento alimentar dos futuros nutricionistas. Objetivo: Analisar o comportamento alimentar das estudantes do primeiro e ultimo ano do curso de graduacao em Nutricao da Universidade Potiguar, com enfase nas tres dimensoes do comportamento alimentar. Metodo: Participaram da pesquisa 89 estudantes universitarias, devidamente matriculadas no primeiro (n=50) e ultimo ano (n=39) do curso de Nutricao. O comportamento alimentar das estudantes foi avaliando utilizando o The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, versao reduzida de 21 itens (TFEQ-R21), e tambem foram coletados dados sociodemograficos para caracterizacao da amostra. Resultados: De acordo com os resultados, as estudantes apresentaram idade media de 25,60±6,6 anos, estavam solteir...
Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in wh... more Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in which people often rely on their sense of smell in the social context. The importance of the sense of smell and its role can however vary inter-individually and culturally. Despite the growing body of literature on differences in olfactory performance or hedonic preferences across the globe, the aspects of a given culture as well as culturally universal individual differences affecting odor awareness in human social life remain unknown. Here, we conducted a large-scale analysis of data collected from 10,794 participants from 52 study sites from 44 countries all over the world. The aim of our research was to explore the potential individual and country-level correlates of odor awareness in the social context. The results show that the individual characteristics were more strongly related than country-level factors to self-reported odor awareness in different social contexts. A model includi...
Human spatial behavior has been the focus of hundreds of previous research studies. However, the ... more Human spatial behavior has been the focus of hundreds of previous research studies. However, the conclusions and generalizability of previous studies on interpersonal distance preferences were limited by some important methodological and sampling issues. The objective of the present study was to compare preferred interpersonal distances across the world and to overcome the problems observed in previous studies. We present an extensive analysis of interpersonal distances over a large data set ( N = 8,943 participants from 42 countries). We attempted to relate the preferred social, personal, and intimate distances observed in each country to a set of individual characteristics of the participants, and some attributes of their cultures. Our study indicates that individual characteristics (age and gender) influence interpersonal space preferences and that some variation in results can be explained by temperature in a given region. We also present objective values of preferred interperso...
Several studies have demonstrated that men and women exhibit different romantic preferences, whic... more Several studies have demonstrated that men and women exhibit different romantic preferences, which align with the patterns predicted by sexual strategies theory. It is also assumed that the mate's value is a central factor in determining an individual's sexual strategy. Thus, the current study was developed to investigate whether intra-sex variation exists in the ideal romantic preferences of both genders and whether these preferences are associated with self-perception. To investigate these questions, cluster analyses were performed on the descriptions of ideal mates for short- and long-term relationships given by 366 Brazilian undergraduates (145 men and 221 women). Subsequently, comparisons were made between the lists of self-perceived attributes related to reproduction generated by the resulting groups. The results suggest that males and females use different mating tactics for short-term mating and that males use different tactics for long-term mating. Among men, the ma...
Resumo O estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da formação acadêmica em Nutrição na expressão do ... more Resumo O estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da formação acadêmica em Nutrição na expressão do comportamento alimentar neofóbico. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 247 universitários de ambos os sexos, com idade média de 24,6 ± 6,8 anos, matriculados no primeiro e no último ano de graduação em Nutrição e em outros cursos superiores da área de ciência da saúde. Foi avaliado o grau de neofobia alimentar através da Escala de Neofobia Alimentar associada a uma medida comportamental, obtida a partir da escolha entre alimentos conhecidos ou desconhecidos. De acordo com os resultados, os estudantes que estavam o início do curso de Nutrição apresentaram maiores escores de neofobia alimentar do que os do final do curso. No entanto, essa diferença não foi observada quando se comparou com os estudantes ingressantes e concluintes de outros cursos de graduação. Já na avaliação comportamental, foi visto que a maior parte dos estudantes concluintes do curso de Nutrição escolheu a p...
Objective:Theoriesabouthowcoupleshelpeachothertocopewithstress,suchasthesystemictransactionalmode... more Objective:Theoriesabouthowcoupleshelpeachothertocopewithstress,suchasthesystemictransactionalmodelofdyadiccoping,suggestthattheculturalcontextinwhichcouplesliveinfluenceshowtheircopingbehavioraffectstheirrelationshipsatisfaction.Incontrasttothetheoreticalassumptions,arecentmeta-analysisprovidesevidencethatneitherculture,norgender,influencestheassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfaction,atleastbasedontheirsamplesofcoupleslivinginNorthAmericaandWestEurope.Thus,itisanopenquestionswhetherthetheoreticalassumptionsofculturalinfluencesarefalseorwhetherculturalinfluencesoncouplebehaviorjustoccurinculturesoutsideoftheWesternworld.Method:Inordertoexaminetheculturalinfluence,usingasampleofmarriedindividuals(N=7973)from35nations,weusedmultilevelmodelingtotestwhetherthepositiveassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfactionvariesacrossnationsandwhethergendermightmoderatetheassociation.Results:Resultsrevealthattheassociationbetweendyadiccopingandrelationshipsatisfactionvariesbetweennations.Inaddition,resultsshowthatinsomenationstheassociationishigherformenandinothernationsitishigherforwomen.Conclusions:Culturalandgenderdifferencesacrosstheglobeinfluencehowcouples’copingbehavioraffectsrelationshipoutcomes.Thiscrucialfindingindicatesthatcouplerelationshipeducationprogramsandinterventionsneedtobeculturallyadapted,asskilltrainingssuchasdyadiccopingleadtodifferentialeffectsonrelationshipsatisfactionbasedonthecultureinwhichcoupleslive.
A number of studies have described different preference patterns typically found for men and wome... more A number of studies have described different preference patterns typically found for men and women when choosing romantic mates. These vary according to the involvement level expected in the relationship. Despite the number of investigations on the topic, one must be careful not to generalize because most studies use samples composed of North American university undergraduates. This study sought to determine if the preference patterns typically found in other countries also occur among Brazilian undergraduates. The importance of characteristics and modifications in preference patterns under gradually restrictive conditions was also investigated. In general, the results obtained suggest that the preferences found in a number of countries also occur in Brazil. In short-term relationships, men prioritize physical attributes, whereas personal traits gain importance when involvement increases. Women in short-term relationships value physical and personal traits, whereas in the long term, they emphasize personal characteristics and their mate's desire to acquire resources. Resource-related traits were less important than the other traits, and were more important for women than for men.
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Papers by Felipe Nalon Castro