Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
We present a scheme for the realization of high performances, large tuning range, fully integrate... more We present a scheme for the realization of high performances, large tuning range, fully integrated and possibly low cost mid infrared laser source based on quantum cascade lasers and silicon based integrated optics. It is composed of a laser array and a laser combiner. We show that our metal grating approach gives many advantages for the fabrication yield of those laser arrays. We show the results of such a fabrication at 1350 cm-1 with 60 cm-1 tuning range. The silicon is a low cost option for the size consuming combiner. In the development of the SiGe platform, we present the loss measurement set up and we show losses below 1dB/cm at 4.5μm.
ABSTRACT In this work we introduce the design, optimization, simulation and experimental characte... more ABSTRACT In this work we introduce the design, optimization, simulation and experimental characterization results of a 30-to-1 wavelength multiplexer for a Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser (DFB QCL) laser array operating in the 7- 8.5 μm (mid-long) infrared (IR) range based on an Echelle mirror using a dual Rowland circle grating scheme. This design is proposed in order to achieve a continuous tuning range overcoming the limited tunability of individual QCLs. The design is based on a DFB-QCL array with wavelength spacing of 0.05 μm, aiming to reducing coupling between the slab waveguides to a minimum. We discuss the design parameters such as the order of diffraction, the operation wavelength range in the slab waveguides and the position of both the input and output waveguides are optimized for obtaining higher output power in the overall wavelength range of the multiplexer device than in a single Rowland circle grating scheme, providing an improvement in channel transmission. Other design characteristics, such as the structure scalability and reduction in size for these devices are considered and studied, including the input/output waveguide optimization as a function of parameters such as waveguide width, etching depth and wavelength. A systematic process is presented for all steps in the design of these devices, comparing both simulated and experimental results, placing them as suitable options when compared to other IR multiplexer schemes in terms of size and transmission.
2010 22nd International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials (IPRM), 2010
We report on the realization of both Distributed Feedback (DFB) and Fabry-Pérot (FP) Quantum Cas... more We report on the realization of both Distributed Feedback (DFB) and Fabry-Pérot (FP) Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) at Alcatel Thales III-V Lab, involving MOVPE regrowth steps for the realization of the upper cladding and buried ridge structures. We present our results on both device types. Optimization of the planarization process as well as reduction of the thermal resistance achieved using
22nd IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference, 2010
ABSTRACT Low beam divergence (2.1°*4°) substrate emission from a quantum cascade laser is demonst... more ABSTRACT Low beam divergence (2.1°*4°) substrate emission from a quantum cascade laser is demonstrated with top metal grating at room temperature. An index coupled, distributed feedback laser with a SMSR of 30dB is coupled to a monolithic extraction area.
ABSTRACT We study the operation of an 8.5 μm quantum cascade laser based on GaInAs/AlInAs lattice... more ABSTRACT We study the operation of an 8.5 μm quantum cascade laser based on GaInAs/AlInAs lattice matched to InP using three different simulation models based on density matrix (DM) and non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formulations. The latter advanced scheme serves as a validation for the simpler DM schemes and, at the same time, provides additional insight, such as the temperatures of the sub-band carrier distributions. We find that for the particular quantum cascade laser studied here, the behavior is well described by simple quantum mechanical estimates based on Fermi's golden rule. As a consequence, the DM model, which includes second order currents, agrees well with the NEGF results. Both these simulations are in accordance with previously reported data and a second regrown device.
2013 International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials (IPRM), 2013
ABSTRACT We report on the realization of buried single ridge and μ-stripes quantum cascade lasers... more ABSTRACT We report on the realization of buried single ridge and μ-stripes quantum cascade lasers using HVPE and MOVPE regrowth steps of semi-insulating InP:Fe and Si doped layers. We present here the preliminary results obtained on these devices. The reduction of the thermal resistance achieved using semiinsulating InP:Fe for regrowth planarization and μ-stripe arrays approaches are shown and performance perspectives are addressed.
2013 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC, 2013
ABSTRACT We present the realizations of an array of Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers and passive... more ABSTRACT We present the realizations of an array of Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers and passive optical waveguides based on Silicon. The aim of these preliminary results is to realize a monolithic, widely tuneable, source in the mid-Infrared (mIR) for laser spectroscopy.
2013 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC, 2013
ABSTRACT form only given. For optical countermeasures application, the efficiency of the sources,... more ABSTRACT form only given. For optical countermeasures application, the efficiency of the sources, the beam quality and the power are the crucial points. In the field of quantum cascade lasers, those three parameters give trade off values on the geometry of the laser limiting seriously the capability of the technology. For instance, one has to use ridges with width below 8μm to have a M2 suitable for DIRCM application. It limits the power to 5W up to now [1]. We will introduce a new way to improve the power of the laser while keeping a good beam quality: μ-stripes array technology (see fig 2) [2]. These buried arrays are very appealing because they offer both lateral dissipation enhancement and beam quality control in large active region lasers.We will present the numerical modeling of this μ-stripes approach analyzing the beam quality and the thermal properties. We will show that the thermal resistance is not any more limited by the active regions materials and demonstrate thermal resistances below 2 K/W, as shown on figure 1. Comparison between experimental and theoretical results show excellent agreement allows us to make prediction on the possibility of this technology. Thermal resistance decreases with both number and width of emitters. Furthermore we have also shown in previous work phase-locking provided by evanescent coupling between adjacent ridges and singlemode emission up to 32 emitters [3]. By analyzing the beam quality we show that the laser is 100% coherent and spatially mono-mode.
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
We present a scheme for the realization of high performances, large tuning range, fully integrate... more We present a scheme for the realization of high performances, large tuning range, fully integrated and possibly low cost mid infrared laser source based on quantum cascade lasers and silicon based integrated optics. It is composed of a laser array and a laser combiner. We show that our metal grating approach gives many advantages for the fabrication yield of those laser arrays. We show the results of such a fabrication at 1350 cm-1 with 60 cm-1 tuning range. The silicon is a low cost option for the size consuming combiner. In the development of the SiGe platform, we present the loss measurement set up and we show losses below 1dB/cm at 4.5μm.
ABSTRACT In this work we introduce the design, optimization, simulation and experimental characte... more ABSTRACT In this work we introduce the design, optimization, simulation and experimental characterization results of a 30-to-1 wavelength multiplexer for a Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser (DFB QCL) laser array operating in the 7- 8.5 μm (mid-long) infrared (IR) range based on an Echelle mirror using a dual Rowland circle grating scheme. This design is proposed in order to achieve a continuous tuning range overcoming the limited tunability of individual QCLs. The design is based on a DFB-QCL array with wavelength spacing of 0.05 μm, aiming to reducing coupling between the slab waveguides to a minimum. We discuss the design parameters such as the order of diffraction, the operation wavelength range in the slab waveguides and the position of both the input and output waveguides are optimized for obtaining higher output power in the overall wavelength range of the multiplexer device than in a single Rowland circle grating scheme, providing an improvement in channel transmission. Other design characteristics, such as the structure scalability and reduction in size for these devices are considered and studied, including the input/output waveguide optimization as a function of parameters such as waveguide width, etching depth and wavelength. A systematic process is presented for all steps in the design of these devices, comparing both simulated and experimental results, placing them as suitable options when compared to other IR multiplexer schemes in terms of size and transmission.
2010 22nd International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials (IPRM), 2010
We report on the realization of both Distributed Feedback (DFB) and Fabry-Pérot (FP) Quantum Cas... more We report on the realization of both Distributed Feedback (DFB) and Fabry-Pérot (FP) Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) at Alcatel Thales III-V Lab, involving MOVPE regrowth steps for the realization of the upper cladding and buried ridge structures. We present our results on both device types. Optimization of the planarization process as well as reduction of the thermal resistance achieved using
22nd IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference, 2010
ABSTRACT Low beam divergence (2.1°*4°) substrate emission from a quantum cascade laser is demonst... more ABSTRACT Low beam divergence (2.1°*4°) substrate emission from a quantum cascade laser is demonstrated with top metal grating at room temperature. An index coupled, distributed feedback laser with a SMSR of 30dB is coupled to a monolithic extraction area.
ABSTRACT We study the operation of an 8.5 μm quantum cascade laser based on GaInAs/AlInAs lattice... more ABSTRACT We study the operation of an 8.5 μm quantum cascade laser based on GaInAs/AlInAs lattice matched to InP using three different simulation models based on density matrix (DM) and non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formulations. The latter advanced scheme serves as a validation for the simpler DM schemes and, at the same time, provides additional insight, such as the temperatures of the sub-band carrier distributions. We find that for the particular quantum cascade laser studied here, the behavior is well described by simple quantum mechanical estimates based on Fermi's golden rule. As a consequence, the DM model, which includes second order currents, agrees well with the NEGF results. Both these simulations are in accordance with previously reported data and a second regrown device.
2013 International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials (IPRM), 2013
ABSTRACT We report on the realization of buried single ridge and μ-stripes quantum cascade lasers... more ABSTRACT We report on the realization of buried single ridge and μ-stripes quantum cascade lasers using HVPE and MOVPE regrowth steps of semi-insulating InP:Fe and Si doped layers. We present here the preliminary results obtained on these devices. The reduction of the thermal resistance achieved using semiinsulating InP:Fe for regrowth planarization and μ-stripe arrays approaches are shown and performance perspectives are addressed.
2013 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC, 2013
ABSTRACT We present the realizations of an array of Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers and passive... more ABSTRACT We present the realizations of an array of Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers and passive optical waveguides based on Silicon. The aim of these preliminary results is to realize a monolithic, widely tuneable, source in the mid-Infrared (mIR) for laser spectroscopy.
2013 Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics Europe & International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC, 2013
ABSTRACT form only given. For optical countermeasures application, the efficiency of the sources,... more ABSTRACT form only given. For optical countermeasures application, the efficiency of the sources, the beam quality and the power are the crucial points. In the field of quantum cascade lasers, those three parameters give trade off values on the geometry of the laser limiting seriously the capability of the technology. For instance, one has to use ridges with width below 8μm to have a M2 suitable for DIRCM application. It limits the power to 5W up to now [1]. We will introduce a new way to improve the power of the laser while keeping a good beam quality: μ-stripes array technology (see fig 2) [2]. These buried arrays are very appealing because they offer both lateral dissipation enhancement and beam quality control in large active region lasers.We will present the numerical modeling of this μ-stripes approach analyzing the beam quality and the thermal properties. We will show that the thermal resistance is not any more limited by the active regions materials and demonstrate thermal resistances below 2 K/W, as shown on figure 1. Comparison between experimental and theoretical results show excellent agreement allows us to make prediction on the possibility of this technology. Thermal resistance decreases with both number and width of emitters. Furthermore we have also shown in previous work phase-locking provided by evanescent coupling between adjacent ridges and singlemode emission up to 32 emitters [3]. By analyzing the beam quality we show that the laser is 100% coherent and spatially mono-mode.
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Papers by G. Maisons