Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian,... more Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. The study area was surveyed and homogeneous sites for conducting experiment were selected for grazed and un- grazed range land at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. Carbon is played a vital role in the green house gases. Carbon sequestration during the photosynthesis process via plant biomass is the extent of this atmospheric gas. An experiment the data for above and below phytomass for grazed and un- grazed range land was collected and carbon pool was estimated by Wet Combustion and Dry Combustion method.Four transect lines were drawn in each experimental plot. Twenty four samples of each experimental plot were collected with the help of ADC one m 2 quadrate methods, weighed and then oven dried at 60 oC to find out the dry weight for above pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1 (Brown and Lugo, 1982). Similarly, the same 1 m2 quadrate area was dug up to the depth of root zone for each grass and the root portion was separated, weighed, oven dried at 60 Co for estimating below ground pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1. Carbon pool in above ground phtyomass was 0.08 MgCha-1 while below ground phytomass carbon was estimated as 0.05 MgCha-. In grazed and un-grazed sites, the SOC (%) MgCha-1 decreased depth wise as well as in total carbon MgCha-1. In grazed site, the carbon decreased due to their shallow roots habit and also least portion of phytomass was left behind on the soil surface. Therefore, maximum carbon was leached down into soil. Similarly in un-grazed site, as their above portion of grass was not so grazed, but the carbon was leached into soil due to their shallow roots all the carbon leached down into soil. The carbon sequestration in underground and the aerial phytomass depends upon the management practices, climate and response of different species. Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1 1National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan. Received | June 03, 2016; Accepted | Jul 24, 2017; Published | September 25, 2017 *Correspondence | Mohammad Umar Farooq, Programme Leader Agro-forestry RRI, NARC, Islamabad; Email: umarrri@hotmail.com Citation | Farooq, M.U., S. Ahmad, G. Nabi, I. Ali and I. Ahmad. 2017. Status of carbon pool in grazed and un-grazed range lands, Pabbi Hills
Improvement of soil physical properties through orchard floor management is a desired option beca... more Improvement of soil physical properties through orchard floor management is a desired option because it results in improved yields, better nutrients and water use efficiency and reduced runoff. Studies were carried out to determine effect of weed management practices on growth, fruit production and changes in soil physico-chemical parameters in a citrus orchard. Studies comprised of two orchard floor management practices i.e. cultivation and mowing. In cultivation, weeds emerging in the orchard were controlled by cultivation/ploughing to keep their growth at minimal, while in mowing, weeds were cut at about 5 cm height to keep their growth under check and the cut weeds to act as mulch. After 8 years of continuous practice, determinations were made to compare effectiveness of the management practices in terms of plant growth and yield, changes in soil physico-chemical and water retention characteristics. The data indicated that all the growth parameters responded significantly to management practices. Similarly, soil physico-chemical parameters were also affected. Shoot growth, canopy diameter, Trunk Cross-sectional Area (TCSA) and fruit yield were increased. Soil bulk density was decreased and consequently soil porosity was increased. Mowing promoted accumulation of soil organic matter and soil aggregation. The increased water retention in soil profile and enhanced saturated hydraulic conductivity were attributed to conditions conducive to organic matter accumulation in the soil profile. The results indicated superiority of mowing practice over conventional cultivation towards plant growth, yield and improvement in soil physical properties.
Evaluation of agricultural land management practices with reference to precision agriculture depe... more Evaluation of agricultural land management practices with reference to precision agriculture depends upon knowledge of soil spatial variability. This research work was carried out to illustrate the spatial heterogeneity of bioavailable and foliage Zn content in wheat fields of Jhelum which contributes most of the wheat producing area in Pothwar region of Pakistan. Soil samples were obtained from surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) from 90 selected (sparse) sites to cover the whole area for preparing precise digital maps. Coordinates were recorded using GPS receiver (Garminee-trex). Data were subjected to descriptive statistics to examine the central tendency of data. Geostatistical technique (semivariogram) was applied to compare the spatial dependence of the data sets. Digital maps classifying the surveyed area into differential nutrient status zones were prepared by using ordinary kriging. Soils of the surveyed area were categorized as slightly to strongly alkaline and generally low in organic matter content. A widespread bioavailable and foliage Zn deficiency was observed in the surveyed area. Bioavailable Zn was found to be moderately (15-30 cm) to strongly spatial dependent (0-15 cm), while foliage Zn was moderately spatial dependent. Moderate to strong spatial dependence is considered as a prerequisite for digital mapping. The results indicated a need for site specific Zn management keeping in view the soil heterogeneity.
Soil pH is one of the chemical properties influencing the nutrient bioavailability. Most of the P... more Soil pH is one of the chemical properties influencing the nutrient bioavailability. Most of the Pakistani soils are calcareous in nature. Keeping in view the limitations of classical statistics for explaining spatial heterogeneity a survey in the farmer grown rice fields was conducted for mapping of soil pH down the soil profile up to the depth of 100 cm using geo-statistics and GIS as a diagnostic tools. One hundred and seventy five soil samples were collected from the representative soil series of rice producing district Sheikhupura. Sampling was done from five depths of 0-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-60 and 60-100 cm. Soil profiles were excavated and samples were collected from the five depths to examine the variation of pH down the soil profile. Our results indicated that soil pH at different depths was 7.80 ±0.45, 8.09 ± 0.42, 8.29±0.50, 8.39±0.54 and 8.47 ± 0.57 at 0-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-60 and 60-100 cm depth respectively. When geo-statistical analyses of the data were performed soil pH at all depths was found moderately to strongly spatial dependent (Nugget sill ratio <35). Maps were prepared to classify the whole district in to different pH management zones for producing regional scale information.
Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian,... more Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. The study area was surveyed and homogeneous sites for conducting experiment were selected for grazed and un- grazed range land at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. Carbon is played a vital role in the green house gases. Carbon sequestration during the photosynthesis process via plant biomass is the extent of this atmospheric gas. An experiment the data for above and below phytomass for grazed and un- grazed range land was collected and carbon pool was estimated by Wet Combustion and Dry Combustion method.Four transect lines were drawn in each experimental plot. Twenty four samples of each experimental plot were collected with the help of ADC one m 2 quadrate methods, weighed and then oven dried at 60 oC to find out the dry weight for above pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1 (Brown and Lugo, 1982). Similarly, the same 1 m2 quadrate area was dug up to the depth of root zone for each grass and the root portion was separated, weighed, oven dried at 60 Co for estimating below ground pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1. Carbon pool in above ground phtyomass was 0.08 MgCha-1 while below ground phytomass carbon was estimated as 0.05 MgCha-. In grazed and un-grazed sites, the SOC (%) MgCha-1 decreased depth wise as well as in total carbon MgCha-1. In grazed site, the carbon decreased due to their shallow roots habit and also least portion of phytomass was left behind on the soil surface. Therefore, maximum carbon was leached down into soil. Similarly in un-grazed site, as their above portion of grass was not so grazed, but the carbon was leached into soil due to their shallow roots all the carbon leached down into soil. The carbon sequestration in underground and the aerial phytomass depends upon the management practices, climate and response of different species. Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1 1National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan. Received | June 03, 2016; Accepted | Jul 24, 2017; Published | September 25, 2017 *Correspondence | Mohammad Umar Farooq, Programme Leader Agro-forestry RRI, NARC, Islamabad; Email: umarrri@hotmail.com Citation | Farooq, M.U., S. Ahmad, G. Nabi, I. Ali and I. Ahmad. 2017. Status of carbon pool in grazed and un-grazed range lands, Pabbi Hills
In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrati... more In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) ie, 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm. Maximum root number 8.0, root length 7.2 cm, rooting percentage (80 %), survivals percentage 60 % and shoot length 15 cm ...
In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrati... more In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) ie, 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm. Maximum root number 8.0, root length 7.2 cm, rooting percentage (80 %), survivals percentage 60 % and shoot length 15 cm ...
This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming enviro... more This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming environment for editing, running, testing and debugging of Awkprograms. The AUI environment supports tracing of Awk programs, settingbreakpoints, and inspection of variable values. An assertion language to describerelationship between input and output of Awk program is provided. Assertions canbe checked after the program run, and if
This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming enviro... more This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming environment for editing, running, testing and debugging of Awkprograms. The AUI environment supports tracing of Awk programs, settingbreakpoints, and inspection of variable values. An assertion language to describerelationship between input and output of Awk program is provided. Assertions canbe checked after the program run, and if
A sample of 1996 undergraduate students from the University of Central Lancashire were surveyed s... more A sample of 1996 undergraduate students from the University of Central Lancashire were surveyed soon after graduation. Responses were obtained from 143 graduates of the University from an initial census of 315 (45 per cent) drawn from six departments. Although the initial purpose ...
Research studies were conducted in the lathe house at the Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab... more Research studies were conducted in the lathe house at the Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab, Peshawar, during 1997. Maximum graft sprouting (41.6%) and percent plant survival (36.11%) was recorded by grafting on February 24 as compared to no sprouting by ...
As a result of strong experimental data supporting effectiveness and safety, herb-based immunomod... more As a result of strong experimental data supporting effectiveness and safety, herb-based immunomodulators are paving way as alternative sources of potent adjuvants for vaccines. In this study, the immunostimulatory and adjuvant properties of AcF1, a flavonoids-rich fraction of Alchornea cordifolia extract, was evaluated. In vitro, AcF1 was shown to activate total splenocytes, CD4+ T cells, and B cells, inducing remarkable increases in CD69 expression, profound proliferation, and increased IL-4 and IFN-gamma expression by the naïve splenic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Lympho-activation and proliferation induced by AcF1 was partially inhibited by U0126, a selective mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) inhibitor. Additionally, AcF1 was shown to induce structural and functional maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) and their specific-antigen presentation functions. Used as an adjuvant in a homologous prime-boost OVA immunisation in C57BL/6 mice, AcF1 significantly (P&amp;amp;lt;0.05) increased the level of OVA-specific antibody titres in the sera of immunised mice, compared to the control group immunised with OVA alone. The results of this study show AcF1 as a potent immunostimulant and a potential adjuvant for further study in combination with other vaccine antigens.
Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian,... more Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. The study area was surveyed and homogeneous sites for conducting experiment were selected for grazed and un- grazed range land at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. Carbon is played a vital role in the green house gases. Carbon sequestration during the photosynthesis process via plant biomass is the extent of this atmospheric gas. An experiment the data for above and below phytomass for grazed and un- grazed range land was collected and carbon pool was estimated by Wet Combustion and Dry Combustion method.Four transect lines were drawn in each experimental plot. Twenty four samples of each experimental plot were collected with the help of ADC one m 2 quadrate methods, weighed and then oven dried at 60 oC to find out the dry weight for above pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1 (Brown and Lugo, 1982). Similarly, the same 1 m2 quadrate area was dug up to the depth of root zone for each grass and the root portion was separated, weighed, oven dried at 60 Co for estimating below ground pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1. Carbon pool in above ground phtyomass was 0.08 MgCha-1 while below ground phytomass carbon was estimated as 0.05 MgCha-. In grazed and un-grazed sites, the SOC (%) MgCha-1 decreased depth wise as well as in total carbon MgCha-1. In grazed site, the carbon decreased due to their shallow roots habit and also least portion of phytomass was left behind on the soil surface. Therefore, maximum carbon was leached down into soil. Similarly in un-grazed site, as their above portion of grass was not so grazed, but the carbon was leached into soil due to their shallow roots all the carbon leached down into soil. The carbon sequestration in underground and the aerial phytomass depends upon the management practices, climate and response of different species. Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1 1National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan. Received | June 03, 2016; Accepted | Jul 24, 2017; Published | September 25, 2017 *Correspondence | Mohammad Umar Farooq, Programme Leader Agro-forestry RRI, NARC, Islamabad; Email: umarrri@hotmail.com Citation | Farooq, M.U., S. Ahmad, G. Nabi, I. Ali and I. Ahmad. 2017. Status of carbon pool in grazed and un-grazed range lands, Pabbi Hills
Improvement of soil physical properties through orchard floor management is a desired option beca... more Improvement of soil physical properties through orchard floor management is a desired option because it results in improved yields, better nutrients and water use efficiency and reduced runoff. Studies were carried out to determine effect of weed management practices on growth, fruit production and changes in soil physico-chemical parameters in a citrus orchard. Studies comprised of two orchard floor management practices i.e. cultivation and mowing. In cultivation, weeds emerging in the orchard were controlled by cultivation/ploughing to keep their growth at minimal, while in mowing, weeds were cut at about 5 cm height to keep their growth under check and the cut weeds to act as mulch. After 8 years of continuous practice, determinations were made to compare effectiveness of the management practices in terms of plant growth and yield, changes in soil physico-chemical and water retention characteristics. The data indicated that all the growth parameters responded significantly to management practices. Similarly, soil physico-chemical parameters were also affected. Shoot growth, canopy diameter, Trunk Cross-sectional Area (TCSA) and fruit yield were increased. Soil bulk density was decreased and consequently soil porosity was increased. Mowing promoted accumulation of soil organic matter and soil aggregation. The increased water retention in soil profile and enhanced saturated hydraulic conductivity were attributed to conditions conducive to organic matter accumulation in the soil profile. The results indicated superiority of mowing practice over conventional cultivation towards plant growth, yield and improvement in soil physical properties.
Evaluation of agricultural land management practices with reference to precision agriculture depe... more Evaluation of agricultural land management practices with reference to precision agriculture depends upon knowledge of soil spatial variability. This research work was carried out to illustrate the spatial heterogeneity of bioavailable and foliage Zn content in wheat fields of Jhelum which contributes most of the wheat producing area in Pothwar region of Pakistan. Soil samples were obtained from surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) from 90 selected (sparse) sites to cover the whole area for preparing precise digital maps. Coordinates were recorded using GPS receiver (Garminee-trex). Data were subjected to descriptive statistics to examine the central tendency of data. Geostatistical technique (semivariogram) was applied to compare the spatial dependence of the data sets. Digital maps classifying the surveyed area into differential nutrient status zones were prepared by using ordinary kriging. Soils of the surveyed area were categorized as slightly to strongly alkaline and generally low in organic matter content. A widespread bioavailable and foliage Zn deficiency was observed in the surveyed area. Bioavailable Zn was found to be moderately (15-30 cm) to strongly spatial dependent (0-15 cm), while foliage Zn was moderately spatial dependent. Moderate to strong spatial dependence is considered as a prerequisite for digital mapping. The results indicated a need for site specific Zn management keeping in view the soil heterogeneity.
Soil pH is one of the chemical properties influencing the nutrient bioavailability. Most of the P... more Soil pH is one of the chemical properties influencing the nutrient bioavailability. Most of the Pakistani soils are calcareous in nature. Keeping in view the limitations of classical statistics for explaining spatial heterogeneity a survey in the farmer grown rice fields was conducted for mapping of soil pH down the soil profile up to the depth of 100 cm using geo-statistics and GIS as a diagnostic tools. One hundred and seventy five soil samples were collected from the representative soil series of rice producing district Sheikhupura. Sampling was done from five depths of 0-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-60 and 60-100 cm. Soil profiles were excavated and samples were collected from the five depths to examine the variation of pH down the soil profile. Our results indicated that soil pH at different depths was 7.80 ±0.45, 8.09 ± 0.42, 8.29±0.50, 8.39±0.54 and 8.47 ± 0.57 at 0-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-60 and 60-100 cm depth respectively. When geo-statistical analyses of the data were performed soil pH at all depths was found moderately to strongly spatial dependent (Nugget sill ratio <35). Maps were prepared to classify the whole district in to different pH management zones for producing regional scale information.
Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian,... more Carbon sequestration study was conducted in grazed and in un-grazed sites at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. The study area was surveyed and homogeneous sites for conducting experiment were selected for grazed and un- grazed range land at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. Carbon is played a vital role in the green house gases. Carbon sequestration during the photosynthesis process via plant biomass is the extent of this atmospheric gas. An experiment the data for above and below phytomass for grazed and un- grazed range land was collected and carbon pool was estimated by Wet Combustion and Dry Combustion method.Four transect lines were drawn in each experimental plot. Twenty four samples of each experimental plot were collected with the help of ADC one m 2 quadrate methods, weighed and then oven dried at 60 oC to find out the dry weight for above pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1 (Brown and Lugo, 1982). Similarly, the same 1 m2 quadrate area was dug up to the depth of root zone for each grass and the root portion was separated, weighed, oven dried at 60 Co for estimating below ground pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1. Carbon pool in above ground phtyomass was 0.08 MgCha-1 while below ground phytomass carbon was estimated as 0.05 MgCha-. In grazed and un-grazed sites, the SOC (%) MgCha-1 decreased depth wise as well as in total carbon MgCha-1. In grazed site, the carbon decreased due to their shallow roots habit and also least portion of phytomass was left behind on the soil surface. Therefore, maximum carbon was leached down into soil. Similarly in un-grazed site, as their above portion of grass was not so grazed, but the carbon was leached into soil due to their shallow roots all the carbon leached down into soil. The carbon sequestration in underground and the aerial phytomass depends upon the management practices, climate and response of different species. Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1 1National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan. Received | June 03, 2016; Accepted | Jul 24, 2017; Published | September 25, 2017 *Correspondence | Mohammad Umar Farooq, Programme Leader Agro-forestry RRI, NARC, Islamabad; Email: umarrri@hotmail.com Citation | Farooq, M.U., S. Ahmad, G. Nabi, I. Ali and I. Ahmad. 2017. Status of carbon pool in grazed and un-grazed range lands, Pabbi Hills
In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrati... more In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) ie, 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm. Maximum root number 8.0, root length 7.2 cm, rooting percentage (80 %), survivals percentage 60 % and shoot length 15 cm ...
In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrati... more In the trials hard wood cutting of olive variety coratina were treated with different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) ie, 0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm. Maximum root number 8.0, root length 7.2 cm, rooting percentage (80 %), survivals percentage 60 % and shoot length 15 cm ...
This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming enviro... more This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming environment for editing, running, testing and debugging of Awkprograms. The AUI environment supports tracing of Awk programs, settingbreakpoints, and inspection of variable values. An assertion language to describerelationship between input and output of Awk program is provided. Assertions canbe checked after the program run, and if
This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming enviro... more This paper describes the design of Awk User Interface (AUI). AUI is a graphicalprogramming environment for editing, running, testing and debugging of Awkprograms. The AUI environment supports tracing of Awk programs, settingbreakpoints, and inspection of variable values. An assertion language to describerelationship between input and output of Awk program is provided. Assertions canbe checked after the program run, and if
A sample of 1996 undergraduate students from the University of Central Lancashire were surveyed s... more A sample of 1996 undergraduate students from the University of Central Lancashire were surveyed soon after graduation. Responses were obtained from 143 graduates of the University from an initial census of 315 (45 per cent) drawn from six departments. Although the initial purpose ...
Research studies were conducted in the lathe house at the Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab... more Research studies were conducted in the lathe house at the Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab, Peshawar, during 1997. Maximum graft sprouting (41.6%) and percent plant survival (36.11%) was recorded by grafting on February 24 as compared to no sprouting by ...
As a result of strong experimental data supporting effectiveness and safety, herb-based immunomod... more As a result of strong experimental data supporting effectiveness and safety, herb-based immunomodulators are paving way as alternative sources of potent adjuvants for vaccines. In this study, the immunostimulatory and adjuvant properties of AcF1, a flavonoids-rich fraction of Alchornea cordifolia extract, was evaluated. In vitro, AcF1 was shown to activate total splenocytes, CD4+ T cells, and B cells, inducing remarkable increases in CD69 expression, profound proliferation, and increased IL-4 and IFN-gamma expression by the naïve splenic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Lympho-activation and proliferation induced by AcF1 was partially inhibited by U0126, a selective mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) inhibitor. Additionally, AcF1 was shown to induce structural and functional maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) and their specific-antigen presentation functions. Used as an adjuvant in a homologous prime-boost OVA immunisation in C57BL/6 mice, AcF1 significantly (P&amp;amp;lt;0.05) increased the level of OVA-specific antibody titres in the sera of immunised mice, compared to the control group immunised with OVA alone. The results of this study show AcF1 as a potent immunostimulant and a potential adjuvant for further study in combination with other vaccine antigens.
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Papers by Ghulam Nabi
District Gujarat, Pakistan. The study area was surveyed and homogeneous sites for conducting experiment
were selected for grazed and un- grazed range land at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. Carbon
is played a vital role in the green house gases. Carbon sequestration during the photosynthesis process via
plant biomass is the extent of this atmospheric gas. An experiment the data for above and below phytomass
for grazed and un- grazed range land was collected and carbon pool was estimated by Wet Combustion and
Dry Combustion method.Four transect lines were drawn in each experimental plot. Twenty four samples of
each experimental plot were collected with the help of ADC one m 2 quadrate methods, weighed and then
oven dried at 60 oC to find out the dry weight for above pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1 (Brown and Lugo,
1982). Similarly, the same 1 m2 quadrate area was dug up to the depth of root zone for each grass and the
root portion was separated, weighed, oven dried at 60 Co for estimating below ground pytomass carbon Mg
C ha-1. Carbon pool in above ground phtyomass was 0.08 MgCha-1 while below ground phytomass carbon
was estimated as 0.05 MgCha-. In grazed and un-grazed sites, the SOC (%) MgCha-1 decreased depth wise
as well as in total carbon MgCha-1. In grazed site, the carbon decreased due to their shallow roots habit and
also least portion of phytomass was left behind on the soil surface. Therefore, maximum carbon was leached
down into soil. Similarly in un-grazed site, as their above portion of grass was not so grazed, but the carbon
was leached into soil due to their shallow roots all the carbon leached down into soil. The carbon sequestration
in underground and the aerial phytomass depends upon the management practices, climate and response
of different species.
Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1
1National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Received | June 03, 2016; Accepted | Jul 24, 2017; Published | September 25, 2017
*Correspondence | Mohammad Umar Farooq, Programme Leader Agro-forestry RRI, NARC, Islamabad; Email: umarrri@hotmail.com
Citation | Farooq, M.U., S. Ahmad, G. Nabi, I. Ali and I. Ahmad. 2017. Status of carbon pool in grazed and un-grazed range lands, Pabbi Hills
District Gujarat, Pakistan. The study area was surveyed and homogeneous sites for conducting experiment
were selected for grazed and un- grazed range land at Pabbi hills Kharian, District Gujarat, Pakistan. Carbon
is played a vital role in the green house gases. Carbon sequestration during the photosynthesis process via
plant biomass is the extent of this atmospheric gas. An experiment the data for above and below phytomass
for grazed and un- grazed range land was collected and carbon pool was estimated by Wet Combustion and
Dry Combustion method.Four transect lines were drawn in each experimental plot. Twenty four samples of
each experimental plot were collected with the help of ADC one m 2 quadrate methods, weighed and then
oven dried at 60 oC to find out the dry weight for above pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1 (Brown and Lugo,
1982). Similarly, the same 1 m2 quadrate area was dug up to the depth of root zone for each grass and the
root portion was separated, weighed, oven dried at 60 Co for estimating below ground pytomass carbon Mg
C ha-1. Carbon pool in above ground phtyomass was 0.08 MgCha-1 while below ground phytomass carbon
was estimated as 0.05 MgCha-. In grazed and un-grazed sites, the SOC (%) MgCha-1 decreased depth wise
as well as in total carbon MgCha-1. In grazed site, the carbon decreased due to their shallow roots habit and
also least portion of phytomass was left behind on the soil surface. Therefore, maximum carbon was leached
down into soil. Similarly in un-grazed site, as their above portion of grass was not so grazed, but the carbon
was leached into soil due to their shallow roots all the carbon leached down into soil. The carbon sequestration
in underground and the aerial phytomass depends upon the management practices, climate and response
of different species.
Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1
1National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Received | June 03, 2016; Accepted | Jul 24, 2017; Published | September 25, 2017
*Correspondence | Mohammad Umar Farooq, Programme Leader Agro-forestry RRI, NARC, Islamabad; Email: umarrri@hotmail.com
Citation | Farooq, M.U., S. Ahmad, G. Nabi, I. Ali and I. Ahmad. 2017. Status of carbon pool in grazed and un-grazed range lands, Pabbi Hills