A cross-sectional study conducted on the 201 people with multiple sclerosis aged 27-54 years refe... more A cross-sectional study conducted on the 201 people with multiple sclerosis aged 27-54 years referred to rehabilitation clinics in Tehran and 39 healthy people at the same age. The research approved by the ethical committee of USWR.AC.IR. Written consent forms obtained from all the subjects. They were recruited from the MS society and the Rehabilitation Hospital of Rofeideh, in Tehran, Iran, according to inclusion criteria. Inclusive criteria include diagnosis by a neurologist and scored up to 5 in EDSS, with no previous history of psychological problems, intellectual disability, other neurological diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis, bone fracture and or implant, history of recurrent during past two months, age ranging from 20-50 years old. The subjects have an MMSE score above 23, have not fatigue or special disease which hinder them from assessment (according to their self-report), ability to perform the assessment, have no auditory/visual problem that interferes with assessment performances according to physician's report, having no history of addiction or drug abuse, and tendency to participate in the research. If the participant was pregnant, could not fulfill all questionnaire items, could not cooperate in performing tests, and or incidence of severe attacks, the subjects excluded. Data collection: After comprehensive history taking, balance assessments (BESTest) were performed. Seventy subjects were scored by two assessors, and 86 of the subject retested after one week. The data were analyzed using SPSS software; version 20 and the BESTest cut-off value (for the total and six subtests) determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis based on healthy people. Because identifying people with MS was more important to us, we emphases on greater sensitivity to determining the cut-off points.
Spirituality has received more attention in recent decades from different health disciplines. Occ... more Spirituality has received more attention in recent decades from different health disciplines. Occupational Therapy (OT), as a health discipline, believes that all aspects of human experience, including physical, psychological, social, and spiritual, are considered essential aspects of health. OT supports the fact that incorporating spirituality can promote health, well-being, and quality of life. Various researchers have attempted to investigate and explain occupational therapists’ views on spirituality. In Iran’s OT curriculum, spirituality has not been incorporated directly. The purpose of this study is to acquire information about the knowledge and opinions of Iranian occupational therapists about spirituality. This is a cross-sectional exploratory descriptive survey study in which 125 occupational therapists participated through convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria were, namely (a) at least one-year clinical experience of OT, (b) being educated in Iran, and (c) working in Iran. The Occupational Therapy Assessment of Spirituality (OTAS) questionnaire was used for data collection. The answers to the quantitative questions were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Most of the participants believed that spirituality should be incorporated by occupational therapists, but more than half of the participants disagreed that formal education prepared them to pay any attention to spirituality in their practice. Analyzing qualitative data by frequencies of their repetitions, led to four categories and sixteen subcategories, accordingly. The four categories are (1) the barriers to applying spirituality in OT, (2) the need to acquire knowledge and apply spirituality in OT, (3) the benefits of incorporating spirituality for a client, and (4) the benefits of incorporating spirituality for the occupational therapist. The findings indicate that academic education has failed to prepare Iranian occupational therapists to meet spiritual needs of their clients. However, OTs tend to get information about spirituality from other sources and find it helpful for themselves and their clients. There are also barriers to applying spirituality; therefore, an educational package is needed to address these problems.
International journal of therapy and rehabilitation, May 2, 2021
Background/aims Occupational therapy is a profession that uses holistic and person-centered appro... more Background/aims Occupational therapy is a profession that uses holistic and person-centered approaches that deal with all aspects of daily life. Clients' needs fall into four areas, and one of them is spirituality. Therefore, occupational therapists should pay attention to this area, but there is little information on the status of occupational therapists' knowledge and use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to translate the occupational therapy assessment of spirituality questionnaire into Persian and determine its validity, factor analysis and reliability. Methods This is a psychometric study that was conducted between June and September 2018. The Occupational Therapy Assessment of Spirituality is a self-report, 25-item questionnaire, with self-exploratory scoring that investigates occupational therapists' views on four factors: spirituality in the scope of practice following its addition in the theoretical framework; formal education and training on spirituality; need for future educational opportunities and training to address spirituality; and awareness of assessments and evaluations in occupational therapy that incorporate clients' spirituality. The International Quality of Life Assessment approach was used for translation. Content validity was performed with 10 occupational therapists regarding qualitative content validity, content validity index and content validity ratio. Exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency with a sample size of 125 people and test–retest coefficient with a sample size of 25 people were computed for reliability. Results Qualitative content validity was confirmed, with content validity index greater than 0.79 and content validity ratio greater than 0.62. During the exploratory factor analysis process, the number of factors was reduced to three factors and the number of questions were reduced from 21 to 15 questions. Internal consistency was good (0.88). Test–retest coefficient was 0.96, with a high level of significance (P<0.001). Conclusions The Persian version of the Occupational Therapy Assessment of Spirituality is a reliable and valid questionnaire and can be used among Iranian occupational therapists in different clinical settings.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Feb 1, 2017
Objective Rehabilitation of the spinal cord injury is a continuous process needing adaptation in ... more Objective Rehabilitation of the spinal cord injury is a continuous process needing adaptation in all aspects of life. Successful adaptation to challenging situations is called "resilience". Occupational therapists can help the person reconstruct his/ her identity and adapt by improving their resilience. It is also extensive and diverse in concept and definition. It is extremely influenced by the culture and environment. This study aims to narratively review the evidences published on the aspects related to the resilience of people with spinal cord injury. Materials & Methods Comprehensive electronic search of keywords including "spinal cord injury", "resilience" and "adaptation" was done via Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Pro Quest and IranMedex to find related articles published within 2000-2015 according to inclusion criteria. From the initially obtained 1823 articles, 1756 articles were omitted due to failure to satisfy the inclusion criteria or being repetitions. After actors underlying resilience and 4 and 5 articles focused on social participation and psychosocial adaptation after spinal cord injury in respect. Results As seen from the included documents, there are various definitions of resilience. Resilience was defined as coping with the conditions after spinal cord injury such that the person takes in his/ her activities of daily living with improved mental health and appropriate community mobility. It is also defined as the process that involves a complex interaction of the person with his/ her environment. There are four trajectories in terms with resilience. Fifty percent of people involved are resilient, 25 percent of them showed recovery, 12.8 percent showed delayed distress, and 12.5 percent have chronic dysfunction. This adaptation is definitely influenced by the surrounding social context since any environmental complication can lead to a decline in resilience. The more the environmental relations are, the simpler adaptation occurs. So, it is necessary to notice the communicat [...]
Background and Objective: Sleep habits not only are affected by a person’s health but also affect... more Background and Objective: Sleep habits not only are affected by a person’s health but also affect his/her growth and development. Students with intellectual disability (ID) account for 3% of all students. Since sleep habits are among the basic foundations of learning during childhood, this study aimed to determine the parental view on the sleep habits of students with ID in Hamadan, Iran, during September 23 and December 21, 2019. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 86 students with ID, aged 7-11 years, were selected using the convenience sampling method in Hamadan, Iran, during September 23 and December 21, 2019. Data were collected using a demographic inventory, as well as the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). The parental questionnaires were completed as self-reports by mothers or fathers of students with ID. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and one-way regression in SPSS software. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of sleep habit score of students with ID was 73.66 ± 6.79. The cut-off score in the questionnaire was 41.15% and 85% of the students had moderate and severe sleep disturbance. The highest mean score was for distress in morning awakenings (12.67 ± 2.83), indicating the presence of sleep disturbance among students with ID. Variables of age, sex, and weight of the students, educational attainment and job of parents, household income, private bedroom, and sleeping status could predict 61% of the students’ sleep habits. There was a significant relationship between the father’s job and the sleep habits of the students (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings shed light on sleep disturbances in students with ID. Results suggest that sleep habits in students with ID are associated with their father's job. Sleep health should be considered in planning health promotion strategies of these children.
Objective Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the anxiety disorders caused by a speci... more Objective Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the anxiety disorders caused by a specific event, which can be catastrophic events (natural disasters, war, imprisonment in a forced labor camp) or everyday adversities (death of relatives, divorce, carrying bags). Since patients who have recovered from COVID-19 are exposed to such events, this research was conducted to determine the prevalence of PTSD in this group. Materials & Methods This study was cross-sectional. The statistical population included all patients who recovered from COVID-19 between November 2021 and February 2022 in Hamedan City, Iran; based on Krejcie and Morgan’s sample size table, 185 patients were selected by simple random sampling method. The research tool was the demographic questionnaire and the Mississippi post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire (Mississippi PTSD); the data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results The results showed that the Mean±SD score of PTSD ...
Background: Social participation is one of the most important factors in the health of the elderl... more Background: Social participation is one of the most important factors in the health of the elderly and also the main goal of health-related interventions. The purpose of this study was to assess social participation and its related factors in the elderly women population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 women aged 60 and older in Hamadan, Iran, in 2020. The samples were selected by a simple random sampling method and according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. A demographic questionnaire, Women’s Social Participation Factors Questionnaire, and mini-mental state examination were completed, and data were obtained from the participants by trained questionnaires. Results: The mean social participation score was 70.8±10.7, and scores ranged from 0 to 120. The level of social participation was moderate in 82% of the participants, weak and insufficient in 16.3%, and strong in 1.7% of participants. The obtained results indicated that 39% of the participants were ...
BACKGROUND Individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have prolonged ... more BACKGROUND Individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have prolonged cognitive impairments, resulting in long-term problems with their real-life activities. Given the urgent need for evidence-based recommendations for neuropsychological management of Iranian TBI patients, the current work aimed to adapt eligible international guidelines for cognitive assessment and rehabilitation of the TBI patients in Iran. METHODS The project was led by an executive committee, under the supervision of the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME). Following a systematic literature search and selection process, four guidelines were included for adaptation. Clinical recommendations of the source guidelines were tabulated as possible clinical scenarios for 90 PICO clinical questions covering all relevant phases of care. After summing up the scenarios, our initial list of recommendations was drafted according to the Iranian patients' conditions. The final...
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Mar 1, 2021
Background: Functional performance plays an important role in the independence and participation ... more Background: Functional performance plays an important role in the independence and participation of people with severe psychiatric disorders. The Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation-Task-Oriented Assessment (BaFPE-TOA) is a tool that evaluates functional performance. The present study aimed to assess the convergent validity and inter-rater reliability of the BaFPE-TOA tool using the classic test theory. Methods: In this psychometric study, the population comprised people with severe psychiatric disorders. Participants were selected according to the inclusion criteria and convenience sampling. Consent to participate in the study was given by all participants. To examine the convergent validity, two tests, the BaFPE-TOA test and Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills (KELS) test, were performed for 55 patients. To assess the inter-rater reliability, two examiners (occupational therapists) performed the BaFPE-TOA test for 26 patients simultaneously. Then, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine convergent validity, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess inter-rater reliability. Results: Participants in this study comprised 44 men (81.8%) and 10 women (18.2%). The age of participants ranged from 22 to 69 years with a mean of 41.5 years (SD = 10.5). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the BaFPE-TOA and the KELS was good (r=0.74, p -value <.001). The Intraclass correlation coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient between the two examiners showed a good relation (r= 0.75, p -value <0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that the Persian version of the BaFPE-TOA has acceptable convergent validity with KELS and inter-rater reliability that represents the suitability of this tool for use in the healthcare environment.
Abstract Balance skills can be affected by slow information processing speed in people with multi... more Abstract Balance skills can be affected by slow information processing speed in people with multiple sclerosis. This study explored the effect of cognitive-based rehabilitation on balance skills of individuals with multiple sclerosis. Seventy-one participants with multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned to the usual occupational therapy exercises as a control group (n = 36, male = 10) or the cognitive rehabilitation group (n = 35, male = 10). Using several assessments pre-intervention, post-intervention and two months after completion, participants in the cognitive rehabilitation group showed significant improvement in their balance skills in post-test and as well as follow-up measurements compared to the control group. Results also showed a large effect of cognitive rehabilitation for balance (eta-squared= 0.59) and for information processing speed measured. Inclusion of tasks related to information processing speed to the usual occupational therapy exercises seemed to be able to improve the balance skills of people with multiple sclerosis.
International journal of therapy and rehabilitation, Oct 2, 2020
Background/Aims Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy have limitations in activities requiring ... more Background/Aims Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy have limitations in activities requiring reach and manipulation of objects with their affected upper extremity. Transcranial direct current stimulation and the cognitive orientation to occupational performance approach are relatively new interventions that may lead to promising results for these children. This article describes the method of a randomised clinical trial that will compare the effects of the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with transcranial direct current stimulation and neurodevelopmental treatment. Methods A four-armed clinical trial with a sample size of 36 participants will be performed in Tehran. Participants will be randomly divided into four groups. Group A will receive neuro-developmental treatment with sham transcranial direct current stimulation, group B will receive neurodevelopmental treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation, group C will receive cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with sham transcranial direct current stimulation, and group D will receive cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with transcranial direct current stimulation. The examiner will be blind to the study and assessments will be done at baseline, after the end of the intervention and 1 month after the completion of the intervention (as follow up). Data analysis will be as repeated measure analysis of variance and intention to treat. Conclusions This article describes the protocol of a clinical trial that compares the effects of the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and neurodevelopmental treatment on upper extremity goals and functions of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
A cross-sectional study conducted on the 201 people with multiple sclerosis aged 27-54 years refe... more A cross-sectional study conducted on the 201 people with multiple sclerosis aged 27-54 years referred to rehabilitation clinics in Tehran and 39 healthy people at the same age. The research approved by the ethical committee of USWR.AC.IR. Written consent forms obtained from all the subjects. They were recruited from the MS society and the Rehabilitation Hospital of Rofeideh, in Tehran, Iran, according to inclusion criteria. Inclusive criteria include diagnosis by a neurologist and scored up to 5 in EDSS, with no previous history of psychological problems, intellectual disability, other neurological diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis, bone fracture and or implant, history of recurrent during past two months, age ranging from 20-50 years old. The subjects have an MMSE score above 23, have not fatigue or special disease which hinder them from assessment (according to their self-report), ability to perform the assessment, have no auditory/visual problem that interferes with assessment performances according to physician's report, having no history of addiction or drug abuse, and tendency to participate in the research. If the participant was pregnant, could not fulfill all questionnaire items, could not cooperate in performing tests, and or incidence of severe attacks, the subjects excluded. Data collection: After comprehensive history taking, balance assessments (BESTest) were performed. Seventy subjects were scored by two assessors, and 86 of the subject retested after one week. The data were analyzed using SPSS software; version 20 and the BESTest cut-off value (for the total and six subtests) determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis based on healthy people. Because identifying people with MS was more important to us, we emphases on greater sensitivity to determining the cut-off points.
Spirituality has received more attention in recent decades from different health disciplines. Occ... more Spirituality has received more attention in recent decades from different health disciplines. Occupational Therapy (OT), as a health discipline, believes that all aspects of human experience, including physical, psychological, social, and spiritual, are considered essential aspects of health. OT supports the fact that incorporating spirituality can promote health, well-being, and quality of life. Various researchers have attempted to investigate and explain occupational therapists’ views on spirituality. In Iran’s OT curriculum, spirituality has not been incorporated directly. The purpose of this study is to acquire information about the knowledge and opinions of Iranian occupational therapists about spirituality. This is a cross-sectional exploratory descriptive survey study in which 125 occupational therapists participated through convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria were, namely (a) at least one-year clinical experience of OT, (b) being educated in Iran, and (c) working in Iran. The Occupational Therapy Assessment of Spirituality (OTAS) questionnaire was used for data collection. The answers to the quantitative questions were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Most of the participants believed that spirituality should be incorporated by occupational therapists, but more than half of the participants disagreed that formal education prepared them to pay any attention to spirituality in their practice. Analyzing qualitative data by frequencies of their repetitions, led to four categories and sixteen subcategories, accordingly. The four categories are (1) the barriers to applying spirituality in OT, (2) the need to acquire knowledge and apply spirituality in OT, (3) the benefits of incorporating spirituality for a client, and (4) the benefits of incorporating spirituality for the occupational therapist. The findings indicate that academic education has failed to prepare Iranian occupational therapists to meet spiritual needs of their clients. However, OTs tend to get information about spirituality from other sources and find it helpful for themselves and their clients. There are also barriers to applying spirituality; therefore, an educational package is needed to address these problems.
International journal of therapy and rehabilitation, May 2, 2021
Background/aims Occupational therapy is a profession that uses holistic and person-centered appro... more Background/aims Occupational therapy is a profession that uses holistic and person-centered approaches that deal with all aspects of daily life. Clients' needs fall into four areas, and one of them is spirituality. Therefore, occupational therapists should pay attention to this area, but there is little information on the status of occupational therapists' knowledge and use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to translate the occupational therapy assessment of spirituality questionnaire into Persian and determine its validity, factor analysis and reliability. Methods This is a psychometric study that was conducted between June and September 2018. The Occupational Therapy Assessment of Spirituality is a self-report, 25-item questionnaire, with self-exploratory scoring that investigates occupational therapists' views on four factors: spirituality in the scope of practice following its addition in the theoretical framework; formal education and training on spirituality; need for future educational opportunities and training to address spirituality; and awareness of assessments and evaluations in occupational therapy that incorporate clients' spirituality. The International Quality of Life Assessment approach was used for translation. Content validity was performed with 10 occupational therapists regarding qualitative content validity, content validity index and content validity ratio. Exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency with a sample size of 125 people and test–retest coefficient with a sample size of 25 people were computed for reliability. Results Qualitative content validity was confirmed, with content validity index greater than 0.79 and content validity ratio greater than 0.62. During the exploratory factor analysis process, the number of factors was reduced to three factors and the number of questions were reduced from 21 to 15 questions. Internal consistency was good (0.88). Test–retest coefficient was 0.96, with a high level of significance (P&lt;0.001). Conclusions The Persian version of the Occupational Therapy Assessment of Spirituality is a reliable and valid questionnaire and can be used among Iranian occupational therapists in different clinical settings.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Feb 1, 2017
Objective Rehabilitation of the spinal cord injury is a continuous process needing adaptation in ... more Objective Rehabilitation of the spinal cord injury is a continuous process needing adaptation in all aspects of life. Successful adaptation to challenging situations is called "resilience". Occupational therapists can help the person reconstruct his/ her identity and adapt by improving their resilience. It is also extensive and diverse in concept and definition. It is extremely influenced by the culture and environment. This study aims to narratively review the evidences published on the aspects related to the resilience of people with spinal cord injury. Materials & Methods Comprehensive electronic search of keywords including "spinal cord injury", "resilience" and "adaptation" was done via Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Pro Quest and IranMedex to find related articles published within 2000-2015 according to inclusion criteria. From the initially obtained 1823 articles, 1756 articles were omitted due to failure to satisfy the inclusion criteria or being repetitions. After actors underlying resilience and 4 and 5 articles focused on social participation and psychosocial adaptation after spinal cord injury in respect. Results As seen from the included documents, there are various definitions of resilience. Resilience was defined as coping with the conditions after spinal cord injury such that the person takes in his/ her activities of daily living with improved mental health and appropriate community mobility. It is also defined as the process that involves a complex interaction of the person with his/ her environment. There are four trajectories in terms with resilience. Fifty percent of people involved are resilient, 25 percent of them showed recovery, 12.8 percent showed delayed distress, and 12.5 percent have chronic dysfunction. This adaptation is definitely influenced by the surrounding social context since any environmental complication can lead to a decline in resilience. The more the environmental relations are, the simpler adaptation occurs. So, it is necessary to notice the communicat [...]
Background and Objective: Sleep habits not only are affected by a person’s health but also affect... more Background and Objective: Sleep habits not only are affected by a person’s health but also affect his/her growth and development. Students with intellectual disability (ID) account for 3% of all students. Since sleep habits are among the basic foundations of learning during childhood, this study aimed to determine the parental view on the sleep habits of students with ID in Hamadan, Iran, during September 23 and December 21, 2019. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 86 students with ID, aged 7-11 years, were selected using the convenience sampling method in Hamadan, Iran, during September 23 and December 21, 2019. Data were collected using a demographic inventory, as well as the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). The parental questionnaires were completed as self-reports by mothers or fathers of students with ID. Data were analyzed using the independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and one-way regression in SPSS software. Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of sleep habit score of students with ID was 73.66 ± 6.79. The cut-off score in the questionnaire was 41.15% and 85% of the students had moderate and severe sleep disturbance. The highest mean score was for distress in morning awakenings (12.67 ± 2.83), indicating the presence of sleep disturbance among students with ID. Variables of age, sex, and weight of the students, educational attainment and job of parents, household income, private bedroom, and sleeping status could predict 61% of the students’ sleep habits. There was a significant relationship between the father’s job and the sleep habits of the students (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: These findings shed light on sleep disturbances in students with ID. Results suggest that sleep habits in students with ID are associated with their father's job. Sleep health should be considered in planning health promotion strategies of these children.
Objective Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the anxiety disorders caused by a speci... more Objective Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the anxiety disorders caused by a specific event, which can be catastrophic events (natural disasters, war, imprisonment in a forced labor camp) or everyday adversities (death of relatives, divorce, carrying bags). Since patients who have recovered from COVID-19 are exposed to such events, this research was conducted to determine the prevalence of PTSD in this group. Materials & Methods This study was cross-sectional. The statistical population included all patients who recovered from COVID-19 between November 2021 and February 2022 in Hamedan City, Iran; based on Krejcie and Morgan’s sample size table, 185 patients were selected by simple random sampling method. The research tool was the demographic questionnaire and the Mississippi post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire (Mississippi PTSD); the data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results The results showed that the Mean±SD score of PTSD ...
Background: Social participation is one of the most important factors in the health of the elderl... more Background: Social participation is one of the most important factors in the health of the elderly and also the main goal of health-related interventions. The purpose of this study was to assess social participation and its related factors in the elderly women population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 women aged 60 and older in Hamadan, Iran, in 2020. The samples were selected by a simple random sampling method and according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. A demographic questionnaire, Women’s Social Participation Factors Questionnaire, and mini-mental state examination were completed, and data were obtained from the participants by trained questionnaires. Results: The mean social participation score was 70.8±10.7, and scores ranged from 0 to 120. The level of social participation was moderate in 82% of the participants, weak and insufficient in 16.3%, and strong in 1.7% of participants. The obtained results indicated that 39% of the participants were ...
BACKGROUND Individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have prolonged ... more BACKGROUND Individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have prolonged cognitive impairments, resulting in long-term problems with their real-life activities. Given the urgent need for evidence-based recommendations for neuropsychological management of Iranian TBI patients, the current work aimed to adapt eligible international guidelines for cognitive assessment and rehabilitation of the TBI patients in Iran. METHODS The project was led by an executive committee, under the supervision of the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME). Following a systematic literature search and selection process, four guidelines were included for adaptation. Clinical recommendations of the source guidelines were tabulated as possible clinical scenarios for 90 PICO clinical questions covering all relevant phases of care. After summing up the scenarios, our initial list of recommendations was drafted according to the Iranian patients' conditions. The final...
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Mar 1, 2021
Background: Functional performance plays an important role in the independence and participation ... more Background: Functional performance plays an important role in the independence and participation of people with severe psychiatric disorders. The Bay Area Functional Performance Evaluation-Task-Oriented Assessment (BaFPE-TOA) is a tool that evaluates functional performance. The present study aimed to assess the convergent validity and inter-rater reliability of the BaFPE-TOA tool using the classic test theory. Methods: In this psychometric study, the population comprised people with severe psychiatric disorders. Participants were selected according to the inclusion criteria and convenience sampling. Consent to participate in the study was given by all participants. To examine the convergent validity, two tests, the BaFPE-TOA test and Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills (KELS) test, were performed for 55 patients. To assess the inter-rater reliability, two examiners (occupational therapists) performed the BaFPE-TOA test for 26 patients simultaneously. Then, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine convergent validity, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess inter-rater reliability. Results: Participants in this study comprised 44 men (81.8%) and 10 women (18.2%). The age of participants ranged from 22 to 69 years with a mean of 41.5 years (SD = 10.5). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the BaFPE-TOA and the KELS was good (r=0.74, p -value <.001). The Intraclass correlation coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient between the two examiners showed a good relation (r= 0.75, p -value <0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that the Persian version of the BaFPE-TOA has acceptable convergent validity with KELS and inter-rater reliability that represents the suitability of this tool for use in the healthcare environment.
Abstract Balance skills can be affected by slow information processing speed in people with multi... more Abstract Balance skills can be affected by slow information processing speed in people with multiple sclerosis. This study explored the effect of cognitive-based rehabilitation on balance skills of individuals with multiple sclerosis. Seventy-one participants with multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned to the usual occupational therapy exercises as a control group (n = 36, male = 10) or the cognitive rehabilitation group (n = 35, male = 10). Using several assessments pre-intervention, post-intervention and two months after completion, participants in the cognitive rehabilitation group showed significant improvement in their balance skills in post-test and as well as follow-up measurements compared to the control group. Results also showed a large effect of cognitive rehabilitation for balance (eta-squared= 0.59) and for information processing speed measured. Inclusion of tasks related to information processing speed to the usual occupational therapy exercises seemed to be able to improve the balance skills of people with multiple sclerosis.
International journal of therapy and rehabilitation, Oct 2, 2020
Background/Aims Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy have limitations in activities requiring ... more Background/Aims Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy have limitations in activities requiring reach and manipulation of objects with their affected upper extremity. Transcranial direct current stimulation and the cognitive orientation to occupational performance approach are relatively new interventions that may lead to promising results for these children. This article describes the method of a randomised clinical trial that will compare the effects of the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with transcranial direct current stimulation and neurodevelopmental treatment. Methods A four-armed clinical trial with a sample size of 36 participants will be performed in Tehran. Participants will be randomly divided into four groups. Group A will receive neuro-developmental treatment with sham transcranial direct current stimulation, group B will receive neurodevelopmental treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation, group C will receive cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with sham transcranial direct current stimulation, and group D will receive cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with transcranial direct current stimulation. The examiner will be blind to the study and assessments will be done at baseline, after the end of the intervention and 1 month after the completion of the intervention (as follow up). Data analysis will be as repeated measure analysis of variance and intention to treat. Conclusions This article describes the protocol of a clinical trial that compares the effects of the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance with the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and neurodevelopmental treatment on upper extremity goals and functions of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
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Papers by Hojjat Haghgoo