Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior publishes original and review papers, case studies, and book reviews. The main focus of this journal is Marketing, Tourism and Hospitality Management, and Consumer Behavior. Supervisors: editor@journal-of-marketing-management-and-consumer-behavior.com Address: North York Ontario, Canada
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Papers by Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
The aim of the research was to find out if service excellence would lead to a competitive advanta... more The aim of the research was to find out if service excellence would lead to a competitive advantage to firms in the medical heathy insurance industry of Zimbabwe. The objectives of the study were to establish if delivering the promise leads to customer satisfaction in medical heathy insurance of Zimbabwe, to investigate the effects of going an extra mile on market share in medical heathy insurance of Zimbabwe, and to ascertain if empathy in service industry leads to better customer loyalty medical healthy insurance of Zimbabwe. A sample of 100 respondents was selected using convenience sampling method. Data was collected using a a questionnaire. The results showed that there is a correlation of 0.657, showing a positive correlation between delivering the promise and customer satisfaction. The results shows that there is a 0.8 significance meaning there is a strong positive correlation between going an extra mile and increase in market share. The results of showed that there is also a strong positive correlation between empathy and consumer loyalty in the medial healthy insurance industry of Zimbabwe. It is therefore recommended that companies in the medical health insurance must deliver the promises the give to customers in Zimbabwe and also It is therefore recommended that companies in the medical healthy insurance should provide more than their promise to gain market share in Zimbabwe.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
The education system in Malaysia has undergone significant changes in recent years, including the... more The education system in Malaysia has undergone significant changes in recent years, including the implementation of KPIs in various sectors to improve performance and outcomes. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector, particularly in secondary education. The study will conduct a systematic review of existing literature published between 2016 and 2021 on the implementation of KPIs in the education sector in Malaysia. The search will be conducted using electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest. The study will include empirical studies, case studies, and literature reviews that provide insights into the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector. The analysis will focus on the extent to which KPIs have been implemented in the education sector in Malaysia, the effectiveness of KPIs, and the impact of KPIs on student achievement and outcomes. The study will also identify the challenges and best practices in KPI implementation in the education sector. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector in Malaysia and provide insights into the best practices for successful implementation. This study will be useful for policymakers, educators, and researchers interested in enhancing the performance and outcomes of the education sector in Malaysia.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
Globalization has intensified competition all around the world, and in Malaysia the automotive in... more Globalization has intensified competition all around the world, and in Malaysia the automotive industry is also facing fierce competition. Therefore, driving at excellence is one of the aspects that help for improvement and continuous quality. Many firms have adopted total quality as strategy for competitivity. Thus, integrating the total quality management (TQM) at all levels of production as well as services help to enhance the firm’s management system. Hence the adoption of (TQM) has been proven to have a positive impact on the customer satisfaction and continuous improvement of products and quality services. Importantly, organizational performance is achieved through involved or committed employees who here are being regarded as the firm’s most important entity to ensure that (TQM) are being successfully carried out in the organization. Therefore, in this paper, some specific issues will be addressed based on the perspectives of the employees in regard to the implementation of the TQM within the SMEs of the automobile industry in Selangor Malaysia. This research will specifically identify the challenges faced by the automotive firms towards the implementation of the TQM practices. Secondly, to analyse the relationship existing between the TQM practices and the organizational performance. Finally, to determine the different critical success factors needed.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
To improve the implementation of inclusive education (IE) in the Philippines would require assess... more To improve the implementation of inclusive education (IE) in the Philippines would require assessment of the status of its implementation. This study identified the level of implementation of IE in Region I, Philippines using a validated survey questionnaire administered among one hundred eighty-one (181) faculty members of four (4) state universities and colleges in 2016. Findings revealed that generally inclusive education was 'moderately implemented'. Further, of the three areas assessed, Teachers' Preparation and Competence was rated as high implementation, while both Physical Plant and Facilities and Academic Policies was rated as moderate implementation. Furthermore, age, years in service, academic rank, and highest educational attainment revealed a significant difference in implementation while sex does not show significant difference. These findings could be used to enhance the implementation of inclusive education in Region I, Philippines and in overseas with similar context.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
This article deals with the question why the establishment of cryptocurrencies as a direct asset ... more This article deals with the question why the establishment of cryptocurrencies as a direct asset class in unit-linked life insurance has not been possible so far. Similarly, crypto ETFs have played only a minor role in unit-linked life insurance to date. Unit-linked life insurance could benefit from immense return opportunities as well as tax advantages by incorporating crypto assets. However, on the one hand, the cryptocurrency market is hardly regulated worldwide so far, which runs counter to the current legal requirements for unit-linked life insurance. Listed crypto ETFs are still in their infancy, and they have not yet been approved in the European Union. It can be assumed that cryptocurrencies will only gain relevance as direct investments of unit-linked life insurance once the legal regulation of this market has been completed. Until then, insurance companies will probably rely to a greater extent on crypto ETFs and crypto ETNs to realize the return opportunities associated with cryptocurrencies.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
Right health or access to health treatment is a fundamental human right of every citizen of every... more Right health or access to health treatment is a fundamental human right of every citizen of every state, and even if there are any communities who are stateless, it is a moral obligation of the world community of civilized nations to ensure measures for addressing their health treatment necessity properly. Article 18 of the Constitution of Bangladesh (The Constitution of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh) provides provision by setting up guidelines for the state to take necessary step for improving the public health, which is to be considered as one of the primary duties of the state. Being a developing country, Bangladesh doesn’t have adequate infrastructure and workforce to provide standard and proper health services to its people. Bangladesh is a natural disaster-prone country and in the aftermath of these natural disaster situation of already insufficient health treatment becomes more critical. This qualitative study will try to find out the availability and accessibility of health and medical treatment services in the aftermath of the natural disaster. The major aspect of this study will be the scenario of flood and cyclone affected areas of Bangladesh, two of the most devastating natural calamities Bangladesh faces every year on two fronts.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
Life insurance density and life insurance penetration are normally used as parameters to measure ... more Life insurance density and life insurance penetration are normally used as parameters to measure the insurance sector development. However, there is no measurement of insurance inclusion at the international level. The objective of this study is to construct an Insurance Inclusion Index (III) for select countries across the globe using the data from the Financial Access Survey of IMF (Financial Access Survey-IMF data-international monetary fund 2022). The results depict that six countries have a 'very high' insurance inclusion, and four countries have a 'high' insurance inclusion. Seven countries are placed at 'medium' level insurance inclusion. Fourteen countries have a 'low' insurance inclusion, and twenty-seven countries have a 'very low' insurance inclusion. Thus, it is understood that during 2021 out of 58 countries majority of the countries (41) have either low or very low insurance inclusion.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
Fixed point theory and fixed point algorithms are significant in mathematics, and so are equilibr... more Fixed point theory and fixed point algorithms are significant in mathematics, and so are equilibrium theory and algorithms. Both fixed point and equilibrium theories have also important applications in economics. Equilibrium problems and the search for equilibrium points are significant as such, but interestingly an equilibrium algorithm can also be used to solving neighbouring problems like e.g., fixed point problems. Therefore, we present in this literature survey equilibrium problem types and for each type we find from the literature algorithms which solve the problems of that type and at the same time the corresponding fixed point problems. In the beginning we present some famous fixed point theorems.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
The current article about execution of the Data Protection Act (DPA) proposal was sent a week bef... more The current article about execution of the Data Protection Act (DPA) proposal was sent a week before the State of New York state wide shutdown due to the global COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic to Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, the US Senator from the State of New York who had proposed the DPA. The article underscored the need to advance the focus of its execution beyond ex-post reactive penalization of respective firms for compromise of privacy of personal information by firms 'storing' such data to focus on ex-ante Sustainability and Survival material to individuals. There were two specific issues underlying the above recommendations. First, it is not just about storage of such 'entrusted' data but if and how such data was 'exploited' by the trusted firms to Command & Control the Survival and Sustainability of respective individuals. Second, in most cases, those firms may not even be responsible for such compromise of individual data entrusted to them given that they are themselves subject to being 'hacked' by third parties. Hence, to solve the more critical systemic problem encompassing all individuals and firms, we need to build and stress-test systems to preempt and prevent such 'hacking' attacks in addition to the proposed normative compliance measures. Essentially, for Sustainability and Survival of individual Command & Control (C2), we need to focus on developing and deploying Adversarial C2 systems to stress test the robustness of C2 systems as well as Counter-Adversarial C2 to counter the adversarial threats.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
Knight's third category, "estimates", requires a nonprobabilistic, decision weight approach that ... more Knight's third category, "estimates", requires a nonprobabilistic, decision weight approach that he was unable to work out due to his inability to apply the necessary mathematical structure. However, Knight made it very clear that it would have the same ratio form as a probability (a/b), but would not be a probability. Knight substituted a heuristic analysis of urn ball models on pp.218-224 in order to operationalize his approach for applications concerning his uninsurable uncertainties. Knight's category of uninsurable uncertainties was not measurable by precise probabilities. However, it could be partially measured by his third category, "estimates". This conclusion follows because Knight made it clear that his "estimates" category had nothing to do with subjective probability. Knight's first two categories are classical probability, based on the Principle of Indifference and statistical frequencies, which is the frequentist approach. This leaves only two other approaches to probability left for consideration-the Popper propensity approach and the logical approach of Boole and Keynes. Knight could not have been talking about Popperian propensities since this theory was put forth only in the 1957-58 time period. Knight could not be talking about logical probabilities because he did not have the mathematical and statistical training to follow Boole and/or Keynes.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
COVID-19 pandemic has multiple consequences
and knocked multiple disciplines after its
occurren... more COVID-19 pandemic has multiple consequences and knocked multiple disciplines after its occurrence throughout the globe. Among the disciplines touched by the pandemic is the role of law presented as an excuse for the responsibility of non-performance of owing to the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic highly affects international commitments, such as international investment contracts and other similar undertakings. Therefore, this paper questioned the status of international law in giving immunities for states for non-performance of international obligations during the pandemic periods. In doing so, the paper tried to compare and contrast the legal system of China and Ethiopia by taking international commercial law as a mirror. The findings revealed that most jurisdictions give immunities for the non-performance of the states’ commitments owing to the COVID-19 pandemic
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Based on the cognitive dissonance theory and compensatory consumer behavior model, we tested a co... more Based on the cognitive dissonance theory and compensatory consumer behavior model, we tested a conceptual model on compensatory consumption during the Covid pandemic by conducting an online survey (n = 490) with the U.S. national population. Analyzing the data with structural equation modeling, we found that COVID-stress positively influenced panic buying and therapeutic shopping but did not influence need-based buying. Needbased buying negatively influenced panic buying and therapeutic shopping. MANCOVA test revealed that when both COVID-stress and perceived financial insecurity are high, panic buying and therapeutic shopping are higher as compared to when COVID-stress and perceived financial insecurity are low. Based on the findings of our study, we suggest that therapeutic shopping and panic buying could be strategies for coping with COVID-stress.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
This paper provides a brief overview of unconventional research in the USSR and Russia from the e... more This paper provides a brief overview of unconventional research in the USSR and Russia from the end of 19th to the beginning of 21st centuries in areas of weak biophysical interactions, electromagnetic fields of biological organisms and psycho-biophysical mechanisms of the brain. The review is based on scientific and journalistic materials published in the open press. Originality of instrumental research related to generation and detection of biologically-active non-ionizing emissions is emphasized. The history of its emergence from the USSR's state programs on new physical fields, biophysics and early quantum communication is shown. Maximal funding for all areas of unconventional research over 40 years is estimated at $0.5-1 billion, which is comparable to similar U.S. programs. This work discusses involvement of this research in development of 'non-classical' weapons under the doctrine of nuclear deterrence and its potential in a new biological 'quantum arms race'.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Music streaming represents one of the latest technological advancements that transform the way li... more Music streaming represents one of the latest technological advancements that transform the way listeners incorporate music into their lives. Streaming services enable listeners to access a massive library of music for free or for a fixed monthly payment. Hence, the market consists of at least two groups of listeners.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
In the summary of this work entitled Memories, Successes, Reformation. Our Mutual Past-Our Common... more In the summary of this work entitled Memories, Successes, Reformation. Our Mutual Past-Our Common Future, together for Europe. 20 years of Carpathian Euroregion (translation from Hungarian), Professor István Süli-Zakar points out that in the years 1990s countries such as Hungary, Romania, Poland, Ukraine, and Slovakia regarded each other with fear and lack of cooperation. One of the presumed centres of potential crises in the years 1990 was considered to be Carpathian region. The crisis in this region was dismantled and unfortunately nothing happened here. The author Süli-Zakar points out the role of creation of Carpathian Euroregion which has as target to foster good relations with the neighbours. Other objective accomplished by this organisation points out the author was to bring western European methods of expertise in the Carpathian region area.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
We previously proposed a public intervention framework concept that would allow people to resume ... more We previously proposed a public intervention framework concept that would allow people to resume personal and economic activities. We showed that intervention measures are used in a quantitative scale to reduce transmission probabilities and disease severity. In this article, we systematically examine the origin, assumptions, performance and limitations of epidemiological models from different angles used in published research. We found that nearly all model assumptions fail to hold or are remote from reality; R0 is a variable depending on a large number of factors or has no utility in guiding treatment options; personalized intervention measures are vitally important due COVID-19 transmission characteristics, but current epidemiological models are unable to accurately assess the true benefits of personalized intervention measures. We found that poor performance of the models is attributed to flawed assumption that health/disease properties can be treated as transferable properties. The flaw creates a fiction that disease properties such as infection probabilities and death risks can be transferred from any vulnerable person to any other person in the population, and thus severely limits societal ability to fight the pandemic. We finally show that the benefits of personalized mitigation measures could be determined directly by using variable Ri values for infected persons (or nodes) together with assessment of death rate and disability rate; the attempt of avoiding the disease by defeating all potential transmission probabilities is unrealistic; but mitigating disease severity for specific persons is more feasible and reliable. A most reliable strategy for reviving economy should include personalized protective and mitigation measures for improving personal health.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
The COVID-19 pandemic has great adverse impacts on personal life, the U.S. economy, and the world... more The COVID-19 pandemic has great adverse impacts on personal life, the U.S. economy, and the world economy. Freezing all human activities is not a sustainable measure. Thus we want to develop a public intervention framework that allows people to resume personal and economic activities. In this article, we examined transmission routes, disease severity, personal vulnerability, available treatments, and person-person interactions to establish a general public intervention framework. We divide people into risk groups, non-risk group and group that may serve as viral transmitters, explore interactions between individual persons within each group and between different groups, and propose interaction behavior modifications to mitigate viral exposures. For the non-risk groups, we identified preventive measures that can help them avoid the most serious exposures and infections that pose higher death risks. The invention measures for the vulnerable groups include prior-exposure mitigating measures, heightened protective measures, interaction behavior changes, post-exposure remedial measures, and multiple factors treatments to reduce death and disability risks. The multiple interventions and two-way defensive behavior modifications are expected to result in reduced rate of detectable infections and lowered disease severity for the vulnerable groups. In this framework, most human activities and economic activities can continue as normal. With time passing, the population acquires population immunity against the COVID-19 virus. Implementation of this intervention framework requires considerable resources and governmental effects while the multiple-factor treatment protocol requires the support of health care professionals.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, telework has become something we need to do rather than just an opt... more Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, telework has become something we need to do rather than just an option to consider. While we may be forced into doing this by current circumstances, this might be a good time to evaluate your thinking about telework as well as your process for doing this. The purpose of this paper is to establish whether telework practices can be considered as strategic human resource management resolution. The findings of this research would contribute to existing literature on teleworking in developing countries because it helps in understanding the role played by ICTs in human resource management. The results of a number of studies reviewed in this paper show the outcomes and the benefits of implementing telework practices on human resources management and not only for employees themselves, but also for their organisations. Despite the fact that telework practices has significance setbacks such as Technology Risks Non-existent or insufficient technology to support teleworker job duties and expectations, Management resistance, Lack of face-to-face communication, Lack of teleworker visibility to management., but at the end of the article the author proposes several recommendations in order to improve the understanding, choice, implementation, and effectiveness of telework practices. This pave way for the reader to have an in-depth knowledge about the necessity of teleworking and there by gives opportunities to bring out further research on this topic.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Advancements in digital technologies have transformed the way people access media and consume con... more Advancements in digital technologies have transformed the way people access media and consume content leading to the emergence of new communication culture as a result of the emergence of a complex, multi-layered media landscape. In this new communications culture, the lines are blurred between traditional and new media, social and digital, formal and user generated. (Dewyer, 2010, Meikle and Young, 2012). In postmodern societies, most of the human activities happen online with social media becoming an integral part of modern-day consumers. Empowered by user generated content capabilities, social media is where consumers build online representation, gather information, review and interact directly with brands and other consumers. Today consumers seek recommendations from peers which makes them resistant towards traditional forms of advertising while playing an increasingly bigger role in the marketing process (Holt, 2003, Campbell and Farrel, 2020). To appeal to the empowered and creative consumers, marketers started to use stories as an effective brand building strategy. (Woods ide 2010, Hofman-Kohlmeyer, 2017). An effective storytelling strategy requires an effective storyteller in order to cut through the noise and build emotional connections with the customers. While storytelling is an ancient form of communication, with the rise of social media, influencer marketing has become an impactful method that helps brands find the sweet spot between their message and the consumer. The use of social media influencers as 3rd party brand endorsers is now a 15$ billion industry (Schomer, 2019). Influencer marketing has become a prominent marketing channel worldwide and in the GCC.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
The aim of the research was to find out if service excellence would lead to a competitive advanta... more The aim of the research was to find out if service excellence would lead to a competitive advantage to firms in the medical heathy insurance industry of Zimbabwe. The objectives of the study were to establish if delivering the promise leads to customer satisfaction in medical heathy insurance of Zimbabwe, to investigate the effects of going an extra mile on market share in medical heathy insurance of Zimbabwe, and to ascertain if empathy in service industry leads to better customer loyalty medical healthy insurance of Zimbabwe. A sample of 100 respondents was selected using convenience sampling method. Data was collected using a a questionnaire. The results showed that there is a correlation of 0.657, showing a positive correlation between delivering the promise and customer satisfaction. The results shows that there is a 0.8 significance meaning there is a strong positive correlation between going an extra mile and increase in market share. The results of showed that there is also a strong positive correlation between empathy and consumer loyalty in the medial healthy insurance industry of Zimbabwe. It is therefore recommended that companies in the medical health insurance must deliver the promises the give to customers in Zimbabwe and also It is therefore recommended that companies in the medical healthy insurance should provide more than their promise to gain market share in Zimbabwe.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
The education system in Malaysia has undergone significant changes in recent years, including the... more The education system in Malaysia has undergone significant changes in recent years, including the implementation of KPIs in various sectors to improve performance and outcomes. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector, particularly in secondary education. The study will conduct a systematic review of existing literature published between 2016 and 2021 on the implementation of KPIs in the education sector in Malaysia. The search will be conducted using electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest. The study will include empirical studies, case studies, and literature reviews that provide insights into the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector. The analysis will focus on the extent to which KPIs have been implemented in the education sector in Malaysia, the effectiveness of KPIs, and the impact of KPIs on student achievement and outcomes. The study will also identify the challenges and best practices in KPI implementation in the education sector. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector in Malaysia and provide insights into the best practices for successful implementation. This study will be useful for policymakers, educators, and researchers interested in enhancing the performance and outcomes of the education sector in Malaysia.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
Globalization has intensified competition all around the world, and in Malaysia the automotive in... more Globalization has intensified competition all around the world, and in Malaysia the automotive industry is also facing fierce competition. Therefore, driving at excellence is one of the aspects that help for improvement and continuous quality. Many firms have adopted total quality as strategy for competitivity. Thus, integrating the total quality management (TQM) at all levels of production as well as services help to enhance the firm’s management system. Hence the adoption of (TQM) has been proven to have a positive impact on the customer satisfaction and continuous improvement of products and quality services. Importantly, organizational performance is achieved through involved or committed employees who here are being regarded as the firm’s most important entity to ensure that (TQM) are being successfully carried out in the organization. Therefore, in this paper, some specific issues will be addressed based on the perspectives of the employees in regard to the implementation of the TQM within the SMEs of the automobile industry in Selangor Malaysia. This research will specifically identify the challenges faced by the automotive firms towards the implementation of the TQM practices. Secondly, to analyse the relationship existing between the TQM practices and the organizational performance. Finally, to determine the different critical success factors needed.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
To improve the implementation of inclusive education (IE) in the Philippines would require assess... more To improve the implementation of inclusive education (IE) in the Philippines would require assessment of the status of its implementation. This study identified the level of implementation of IE in Region I, Philippines using a validated survey questionnaire administered among one hundred eighty-one (181) faculty members of four (4) state universities and colleges in 2016. Findings revealed that generally inclusive education was 'moderately implemented'. Further, of the three areas assessed, Teachers' Preparation and Competence was rated as high implementation, while both Physical Plant and Facilities and Academic Policies was rated as moderate implementation. Furthermore, age, years in service, academic rank, and highest educational attainment revealed a significant difference in implementation while sex does not show significant difference. These findings could be used to enhance the implementation of inclusive education in Region I, Philippines and in overseas with similar context.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
This article deals with the question why the establishment of cryptocurrencies as a direct asset ... more This article deals with the question why the establishment of cryptocurrencies as a direct asset class in unit-linked life insurance has not been possible so far. Similarly, crypto ETFs have played only a minor role in unit-linked life insurance to date. Unit-linked life insurance could benefit from immense return opportunities as well as tax advantages by incorporating crypto assets. However, on the one hand, the cryptocurrency market is hardly regulated worldwide so far, which runs counter to the current legal requirements for unit-linked life insurance. Listed crypto ETFs are still in their infancy, and they have not yet been approved in the European Union. It can be assumed that cryptocurrencies will only gain relevance as direct investments of unit-linked life insurance once the legal regulation of this market has been completed. Until then, insurance companies will probably rely to a greater extent on crypto ETFs and crypto ETNs to realize the return opportunities associated with cryptocurrencies.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
Right health or access to health treatment is a fundamental human right of every citizen of every... more Right health or access to health treatment is a fundamental human right of every citizen of every state, and even if there are any communities who are stateless, it is a moral obligation of the world community of civilized nations to ensure measures for addressing their health treatment necessity properly. Article 18 of the Constitution of Bangladesh (The Constitution of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh) provides provision by setting up guidelines for the state to take necessary step for improving the public health, which is to be considered as one of the primary duties of the state. Being a developing country, Bangladesh doesn’t have adequate infrastructure and workforce to provide standard and proper health services to its people. Bangladesh is a natural disaster-prone country and in the aftermath of these natural disaster situation of already insufficient health treatment becomes more critical. This qualitative study will try to find out the availability and accessibility of health and medical treatment services in the aftermath of the natural disaster. The major aspect of this study will be the scenario of flood and cyclone affected areas of Bangladesh, two of the most devastating natural calamities Bangladesh faces every year on two fronts.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
Life insurance density and life insurance penetration are normally used as parameters to measure ... more Life insurance density and life insurance penetration are normally used as parameters to measure the insurance sector development. However, there is no measurement of insurance inclusion at the international level. The objective of this study is to construct an Insurance Inclusion Index (III) for select countries across the globe using the data from the Financial Access Survey of IMF (Financial Access Survey-IMF data-international monetary fund 2022). The results depict that six countries have a 'very high' insurance inclusion, and four countries have a 'high' insurance inclusion. Seven countries are placed at 'medium' level insurance inclusion. Fourteen countries have a 'low' insurance inclusion, and twenty-seven countries have a 'very low' insurance inclusion. Thus, it is understood that during 2021 out of 58 countries majority of the countries (41) have either low or very low insurance inclusion.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
Fixed point theory and fixed point algorithms are significant in mathematics, and so are equilibr... more Fixed point theory and fixed point algorithms are significant in mathematics, and so are equilibrium theory and algorithms. Both fixed point and equilibrium theories have also important applications in economics. Equilibrium problems and the search for equilibrium points are significant as such, but interestingly an equilibrium algorithm can also be used to solving neighbouring problems like e.g., fixed point problems. Therefore, we present in this literature survey equilibrium problem types and for each type we find from the literature algorithms which solve the problems of that type and at the same time the corresponding fixed point problems. In the beginning we present some famous fixed point theorems.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
The current article about execution of the Data Protection Act (DPA) proposal was sent a week bef... more The current article about execution of the Data Protection Act (DPA) proposal was sent a week before the State of New York state wide shutdown due to the global COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic to Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, the US Senator from the State of New York who had proposed the DPA. The article underscored the need to advance the focus of its execution beyond ex-post reactive penalization of respective firms for compromise of privacy of personal information by firms 'storing' such data to focus on ex-ante Sustainability and Survival material to individuals. There were two specific issues underlying the above recommendations. First, it is not just about storage of such 'entrusted' data but if and how such data was 'exploited' by the trusted firms to Command & Control the Survival and Sustainability of respective individuals. Second, in most cases, those firms may not even be responsible for such compromise of individual data entrusted to them given that they are themselves subject to being 'hacked' by third parties. Hence, to solve the more critical systemic problem encompassing all individuals and firms, we need to build and stress-test systems to preempt and prevent such 'hacking' attacks in addition to the proposed normative compliance measures. Essentially, for Sustainability and Survival of individual Command & Control (C2), we need to focus on developing and deploying Adversarial C2 systems to stress test the robustness of C2 systems as well as Counter-Adversarial C2 to counter the adversarial threats.
Journal of Insurance and Financial Management, 2023
Knight's third category, "estimates", requires a nonprobabilistic, decision weight approach that ... more Knight's third category, "estimates", requires a nonprobabilistic, decision weight approach that he was unable to work out due to his inability to apply the necessary mathematical structure. However, Knight made it very clear that it would have the same ratio form as a probability (a/b), but would not be a probability. Knight substituted a heuristic analysis of urn ball models on pp.218-224 in order to operationalize his approach for applications concerning his uninsurable uncertainties. Knight's category of uninsurable uncertainties was not measurable by precise probabilities. However, it could be partially measured by his third category, "estimates". This conclusion follows because Knight made it clear that his "estimates" category had nothing to do with subjective probability. Knight's first two categories are classical probability, based on the Principle of Indifference and statistical frequencies, which is the frequentist approach. This leaves only two other approaches to probability left for consideration-the Popper propensity approach and the logical approach of Boole and Keynes. Knight could not have been talking about Popperian propensities since this theory was put forth only in the 1957-58 time period. Knight could not be talking about logical probabilities because he did not have the mathematical and statistical training to follow Boole and/or Keynes.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2023
COVID-19 pandemic has multiple consequences
and knocked multiple disciplines after its
occurren... more COVID-19 pandemic has multiple consequences and knocked multiple disciplines after its occurrence throughout the globe. Among the disciplines touched by the pandemic is the role of law presented as an excuse for the responsibility of non-performance of owing to the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic highly affects international commitments, such as international investment contracts and other similar undertakings. Therefore, this paper questioned the status of international law in giving immunities for states for non-performance of international obligations during the pandemic periods. In doing so, the paper tried to compare and contrast the legal system of China and Ethiopia by taking international commercial law as a mirror. The findings revealed that most jurisdictions give immunities for the non-performance of the states’ commitments owing to the COVID-19 pandemic
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Based on the cognitive dissonance theory and compensatory consumer behavior model, we tested a co... more Based on the cognitive dissonance theory and compensatory consumer behavior model, we tested a conceptual model on compensatory consumption during the Covid pandemic by conducting an online survey (n = 490) with the U.S. national population. Analyzing the data with structural equation modeling, we found that COVID-stress positively influenced panic buying and therapeutic shopping but did not influence need-based buying. Needbased buying negatively influenced panic buying and therapeutic shopping. MANCOVA test revealed that when both COVID-stress and perceived financial insecurity are high, panic buying and therapeutic shopping are higher as compared to when COVID-stress and perceived financial insecurity are low. Based on the findings of our study, we suggest that therapeutic shopping and panic buying could be strategies for coping with COVID-stress.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
This paper provides a brief overview of unconventional research in the USSR and Russia from the e... more This paper provides a brief overview of unconventional research in the USSR and Russia from the end of 19th to the beginning of 21st centuries in areas of weak biophysical interactions, electromagnetic fields of biological organisms and psycho-biophysical mechanisms of the brain. The review is based on scientific and journalistic materials published in the open press. Originality of instrumental research related to generation and detection of biologically-active non-ionizing emissions is emphasized. The history of its emergence from the USSR's state programs on new physical fields, biophysics and early quantum communication is shown. Maximal funding for all areas of unconventional research over 40 years is estimated at $0.5-1 billion, which is comparable to similar U.S. programs. This work discusses involvement of this research in development of 'non-classical' weapons under the doctrine of nuclear deterrence and its potential in a new biological 'quantum arms race'.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Music streaming represents one of the latest technological advancements that transform the way li... more Music streaming represents one of the latest technological advancements that transform the way listeners incorporate music into their lives. Streaming services enable listeners to access a massive library of music for free or for a fixed monthly payment. Hence, the market consists of at least two groups of listeners.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
In the summary of this work entitled Memories, Successes, Reformation. Our Mutual Past-Our Common... more In the summary of this work entitled Memories, Successes, Reformation. Our Mutual Past-Our Common Future, together for Europe. 20 years of Carpathian Euroregion (translation from Hungarian), Professor István Süli-Zakar points out that in the years 1990s countries such as Hungary, Romania, Poland, Ukraine, and Slovakia regarded each other with fear and lack of cooperation. One of the presumed centres of potential crises in the years 1990 was considered to be Carpathian region. The crisis in this region was dismantled and unfortunately nothing happened here. The author Süli-Zakar points out the role of creation of Carpathian Euroregion which has as target to foster good relations with the neighbours. Other objective accomplished by this organisation points out the author was to bring western European methods of expertise in the Carpathian region area.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
We previously proposed a public intervention framework concept that would allow people to resume ... more We previously proposed a public intervention framework concept that would allow people to resume personal and economic activities. We showed that intervention measures are used in a quantitative scale to reduce transmission probabilities and disease severity. In this article, we systematically examine the origin, assumptions, performance and limitations of epidemiological models from different angles used in published research. We found that nearly all model assumptions fail to hold or are remote from reality; R0 is a variable depending on a large number of factors or has no utility in guiding treatment options; personalized intervention measures are vitally important due COVID-19 transmission characteristics, but current epidemiological models are unable to accurately assess the true benefits of personalized intervention measures. We found that poor performance of the models is attributed to flawed assumption that health/disease properties can be treated as transferable properties. The flaw creates a fiction that disease properties such as infection probabilities and death risks can be transferred from any vulnerable person to any other person in the population, and thus severely limits societal ability to fight the pandemic. We finally show that the benefits of personalized mitigation measures could be determined directly by using variable Ri values for infected persons (or nodes) together with assessment of death rate and disability rate; the attempt of avoiding the disease by defeating all potential transmission probabilities is unrealistic; but mitigating disease severity for specific persons is more feasible and reliable. A most reliable strategy for reviving economy should include personalized protective and mitigation measures for improving personal health.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
The COVID-19 pandemic has great adverse impacts on personal life, the U.S. economy, and the world... more The COVID-19 pandemic has great adverse impacts on personal life, the U.S. economy, and the world economy. Freezing all human activities is not a sustainable measure. Thus we want to develop a public intervention framework that allows people to resume personal and economic activities. In this article, we examined transmission routes, disease severity, personal vulnerability, available treatments, and person-person interactions to establish a general public intervention framework. We divide people into risk groups, non-risk group and group that may serve as viral transmitters, explore interactions between individual persons within each group and between different groups, and propose interaction behavior modifications to mitigate viral exposures. For the non-risk groups, we identified preventive measures that can help them avoid the most serious exposures and infections that pose higher death risks. The invention measures for the vulnerable groups include prior-exposure mitigating measures, heightened protective measures, interaction behavior changes, post-exposure remedial measures, and multiple factors treatments to reduce death and disability risks. The multiple interventions and two-way defensive behavior modifications are expected to result in reduced rate of detectable infections and lowered disease severity for the vulnerable groups. In this framework, most human activities and economic activities can continue as normal. With time passing, the population acquires population immunity against the COVID-19 virus. Implementation of this intervention framework requires considerable resources and governmental effects while the multiple-factor treatment protocol requires the support of health care professionals.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, telework has become something we need to do rather than just an opt... more Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, telework has become something we need to do rather than just an option to consider. While we may be forced into doing this by current circumstances, this might be a good time to evaluate your thinking about telework as well as your process for doing this. The purpose of this paper is to establish whether telework practices can be considered as strategic human resource management resolution. The findings of this research would contribute to existing literature on teleworking in developing countries because it helps in understanding the role played by ICTs in human resource management. The results of a number of studies reviewed in this paper show the outcomes and the benefits of implementing telework practices on human resources management and not only for employees themselves, but also for their organisations. Despite the fact that telework practices has significance setbacks such as Technology Risks Non-existent or insufficient technology to support teleworker job duties and expectations, Management resistance, Lack of face-to-face communication, Lack of teleworker visibility to management., but at the end of the article the author proposes several recommendations in order to improve the understanding, choice, implementation, and effectiveness of telework practices. This pave way for the reader to have an in-depth knowledge about the necessity of teleworking and there by gives opportunities to bring out further research on this topic.
Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior, 2022
Advancements in digital technologies have transformed the way people access media and consume con... more Advancements in digital technologies have transformed the way people access media and consume content leading to the emergence of new communication culture as a result of the emergence of a complex, multi-layered media landscape. In this new communications culture, the lines are blurred between traditional and new media, social and digital, formal and user generated. (Dewyer, 2010, Meikle and Young, 2012). In postmodern societies, most of the human activities happen online with social media becoming an integral part of modern-day consumers. Empowered by user generated content capabilities, social media is where consumers build online representation, gather information, review and interact directly with brands and other consumers. Today consumers seek recommendations from peers which makes them resistant towards traditional forms of advertising while playing an increasingly bigger role in the marketing process (Holt, 2003, Campbell and Farrel, 2020). To appeal to the empowered and creative consumers, marketers started to use stories as an effective brand building strategy. (Woods ide 2010, Hofman-Kohlmeyer, 2017). An effective storytelling strategy requires an effective storyteller in order to cut through the noise and build emotional connections with the customers. While storytelling is an ancient form of communication, with the rise of social media, influencer marketing has become an impactful method that helps brands find the sweet spot between their message and the consumer. The use of social media influencers as 3rd party brand endorsers is now a 15$ billion industry (Schomer, 2019). Influencer marketing has become a prominent marketing channel worldwide and in the GCC.
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Papers by Journal of Marketing Management and Consumer Behavior
The study will conduct a systematic review of existing literature published between 2016 and 2021 on the implementation of KPIs in the education sector in Malaysia. The search will be conducted using electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest. The study will include empirical studies, case studies, and literature reviews that provide insights into the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector.
The analysis will focus on the extent to which KPIs have been implemented in the education sector in Malaysia, the effectiveness of KPIs, and the impact of KPIs on student achievement and outcomes. The study will also identify the challenges and best practices in KPI implementation in the education sector.
The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector in Malaysia and provide insights into the best practices for successful implementation. This study will be useful for policymakers, educators, and researchers interested in enhancing the performance and outcomes of the education sector in Malaysia.
and knocked multiple disciplines after its
occurrence throughout the globe. Among the
disciplines touched by the pandemic is the role of
law presented as an excuse for the responsibility of
non-performance of owing to the pandemic. The
COVID-19 pandemic highly affects international
commitments, such as international investment
contracts and other similar undertakings. Therefore,
this paper questioned the status of international law
in giving immunities for states for non-performance
of international obligations during the pandemic
periods. In doing so, the paper tried to compare and
contrast the legal system of China and Ethiopia by
taking international commercial law as a mirror.
The findings revealed that most jurisdictions give
immunities for the non-performance of the states’
commitments owing to the COVID-19 pandemic
In postmodern societies, most of the human activities happen online with social media becoming an integral part of modern-day consumers. Empowered by user generated content capabilities, social media is where consumers build online representation, gather information, review and interact directly with brands and other consumers. Today consumers seek recommendations from peers which makes them resistant towards traditional forms of advertising while playing an increasingly bigger role in the marketing process (Holt, 2003, Campbell and Farrel, 2020).
To appeal to the empowered and creative consumers, marketers started to use stories as an effective brand building strategy. (Woods ide 2010, Hofman-Kohlmeyer, 2017). An effective storytelling strategy requires an effective storyteller in order to cut through the noise and build emotional connections with the customers. While storytelling is an ancient form of communication, with the rise of social media, influencer marketing has become an impactful method that helps brands find the sweet spot between their message and the consumer.
The use of social media influencers as 3rd party brand endorsers is now a 15$ billion industry (Schomer, 2019). Influencer marketing has become a prominent marketing channel worldwide and in the GCC.
The study will conduct a systematic review of existing literature published between 2016 and 2021 on the implementation of KPIs in the education sector in Malaysia. The search will be conducted using electronic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest. The study will include empirical studies, case studies, and literature reviews that provide insights into the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector.
The analysis will focus on the extent to which KPIs have been implemented in the education sector in Malaysia, the effectiveness of KPIs, and the impact of KPIs on student achievement and outcomes. The study will also identify the challenges and best practices in KPI implementation in the education sector.
The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness of KPI implementation in the education sector in Malaysia and provide insights into the best practices for successful implementation. This study will be useful for policymakers, educators, and researchers interested in enhancing the performance and outcomes of the education sector in Malaysia.
and knocked multiple disciplines after its
occurrence throughout the globe. Among the
disciplines touched by the pandemic is the role of
law presented as an excuse for the responsibility of
non-performance of owing to the pandemic. The
COVID-19 pandemic highly affects international
commitments, such as international investment
contracts and other similar undertakings. Therefore,
this paper questioned the status of international law
in giving immunities for states for non-performance
of international obligations during the pandemic
periods. In doing so, the paper tried to compare and
contrast the legal system of China and Ethiopia by
taking international commercial law as a mirror.
The findings revealed that most jurisdictions give
immunities for the non-performance of the states’
commitments owing to the COVID-19 pandemic
In postmodern societies, most of the human activities happen online with social media becoming an integral part of modern-day consumers. Empowered by user generated content capabilities, social media is where consumers build online representation, gather information, review and interact directly with brands and other consumers. Today consumers seek recommendations from peers which makes them resistant towards traditional forms of advertising while playing an increasingly bigger role in the marketing process (Holt, 2003, Campbell and Farrel, 2020).
To appeal to the empowered and creative consumers, marketers started to use stories as an effective brand building strategy. (Woods ide 2010, Hofman-Kohlmeyer, 2017). An effective storytelling strategy requires an effective storyteller in order to cut through the noise and build emotional connections with the customers. While storytelling is an ancient form of communication, with the rise of social media, influencer marketing has become an impactful method that helps brands find the sweet spot between their message and the consumer.
The use of social media influencers as 3rd party brand endorsers is now a 15$ billion industry (Schomer, 2019). Influencer marketing has become a prominent marketing channel worldwide and in the GCC.