PURPOSE/AIM Aim 1 Describe the musculoskeletal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HI... more PURPOSE/AIM Aim 1 Describe the musculoskeletal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2 Understand the basic clinical, pathologic and laboratory findings 3 Illustrate a comprehensive pictorial review of the appearances on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 4 Discuss the differential diagnosis of major imaging and clinical findings CONTENT ORGANIZATION In HIV infection there are many musculoskeletal manifestations other than opportunistic infections. These include immune-related neoplasia and rheumatologic disease, myositis, osteonecrosis, osteoporosis and complications of therapy. Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are common neoplasms. We describe clinical, pathology and laboratory findings in addition to a pictorial review of the characteristic appearances on MRI. MRI is compared to nuclear medicine and computed tomography (CT). SUMMARY • The musculoskeletal manifestations of HIV are described • Basic clinical, pathologic and laboratory findings are ex...
PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is: 1. To review the embryology and anatomy of the patella. 2... more PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is: 1. To review the embryology and anatomy of the patella. 2. To describe the spectrum of pathologies arising in the patella. CONTENT ORGANIZATION 1. Description of the embryology and anatomy of the patella, with emphasis given to anatomical variants. 2. Review of the spectrum of pathologies which may be encountered in the patella, including: •traumatic injuries •chondromalacia patella •neoplasms •infection •patella instability •nail-patella syndrome 3. Multi-modality imaging illustrations of patella pathologies, including: •plain radiography •computed tomography •magnetic resonance imaging •ultrasound SUMMARY This pictorial essay describes the embryology and anatomy of the patella and illustrates the variety of pathologies commonly, and not so commonly, arising here. Patella, translated from Latin, means ‘shallow pan’. We strive to demonstrate that there is more to the sesamoid bone of the knee joint than a visible resemblance to a catering tool...
Scintimammography using Tc-99m MIBI is becoming established as a second line diagnostic test for ... more Scintimammography using Tc-99m MIBI is becoming established as a second line diagnostic test for the detection of breast cancer in patients with suspected primary disease. Though most published clinical studies compare scintimammography (SMM) with mammography (XMM), in clinical practice they are likely to be used sequentially with the scintimammography following the mammography. To determine the possible accuracy of such an approach, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were produced for SMM, XMM and a combination of both studies performed over 2 years period on 162 suspicious lesions in 154 patients with no previous history of breast cancer. Each scan was reported in 5 grades: 1-normal or definitely benign; 2-possibly normal or possibly benign; 3-equivoval; 4-probably cancer; 5-definitely cancer. The results have been verified by pathological examination of biopsy material obtained from each suspicious mass. There were 102 malignant breast tumours and 60 non-malignant brea...
Introduction. Currently, there is a lack of data on the role of combined positron emission tomogr... more Introduction. Currently, there is a lack of data on the role of combined positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in the staging of early invasive primary breast cancer. We therefore evaluated the role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG)-PET-CT in this patient population. Methods. We prospectively recruited 70 consecutive patients (69 women, one man; mean age, 61.9 ± 8.1 years) with early primary breast cancer for staging with (18)F-FDG-PET-CT. All PET-CT images were interpreted by two readers (independently of each other). A third reader adjudicated any discrepancies. All readers had ≥5 years of specific experience. Ethics board approval and informed consent were obtained. Results. The mean clinical follow-up was 22.7 ± 12.6 months. The primary tumor was identified with PET-CT in 64 of 70 patients. Of the unidentified lesions, surgical pathology revealed two intraductal carcinomas, one invasive tubular carcinoma, and three invasive lobular carcinomas. Undiagnos...
The electrical and optical properties of diamondlike carbon films deposited by direct current mag... more The electrical and optical properties of diamondlike carbon films deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering on Si substrates at room temperature have been measured as a function of the ion energy (Eion) and ion-to-carbon flux (Jion/JC). The results show that, in the ranges of 5 eV<=Eion<=85 eV and 1.1<=Jion/JC<=6.8, the presence of defective graphite formed by subplanted C and Ar
The aim of this study was to determine the utility of scrotal sonography in the evaluation of pat... more The aim of this study was to determine the utility of scrotal sonography in the evaluation of patients with scrotal pain or swelling following inguinal hernia repair. From our database, we identified patients who were referred for sonographic evaluation because of persistent scrotal pain or swelling after inguinal hernia repair between July 1994 and February 1996. Sonograms and medical charts were reviewed retrospectively. Eight patients were included in this study. Doppler sonography demonstrated evidence of testicular infarction in 2 patients and absence of intratesticular diastolic flow in 1 patient. Five patients had postoperative fluid collections with sonographically normal testes. Scrotal sonography can diagnose testicular infarction following hernia repair and distinguish postoperative fluid collections from recurrent hernias.
Variations in the surface composition of stainless steel after a 24h, 250°C bakeout over the temp... more Variations in the surface composition of stainless steel after a 24h, 250°C bakeout over the temperature range of room temperature to 800°C have been correlated with desorption of H2 and CO. The surface composition of the 347 stainless steel was monitored by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and desorption kinetics were determined from temperature desorption spectroscopy
PURPOSE/AIM Aim 1 Describe the musculoskeletal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HI... more PURPOSE/AIM Aim 1 Describe the musculoskeletal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2 Understand the basic clinical, pathologic and laboratory findings 3 Illustrate a comprehensive pictorial review of the appearances on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 4 Discuss the differential diagnosis of major imaging and clinical findings CONTENT ORGANIZATION In HIV infection there are many musculoskeletal manifestations other than opportunistic infections. These include immune-related neoplasia and rheumatologic disease, myositis, osteonecrosis, osteoporosis and complications of therapy. Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are common neoplasms. We describe clinical, pathology and laboratory findings in addition to a pictorial review of the characteristic appearances on MRI. MRI is compared to nuclear medicine and computed tomography (CT). SUMMARY • The musculoskeletal manifestations of HIV are described • Basic clinical, pathologic and laboratory findings are ex...
PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is: 1. To review the embryology and anatomy of the patella. 2... more PURPOSE/AIM The aim of this exhibit is: 1. To review the embryology and anatomy of the patella. 2. To describe the spectrum of pathologies arising in the patella. CONTENT ORGANIZATION 1. Description of the embryology and anatomy of the patella, with emphasis given to anatomical variants. 2. Review of the spectrum of pathologies which may be encountered in the patella, including: •traumatic injuries •chondromalacia patella •neoplasms •infection •patella instability •nail-patella syndrome 3. Multi-modality imaging illustrations of patella pathologies, including: •plain radiography •computed tomography •magnetic resonance imaging •ultrasound SUMMARY This pictorial essay describes the embryology and anatomy of the patella and illustrates the variety of pathologies commonly, and not so commonly, arising here. Patella, translated from Latin, means ‘shallow pan’. We strive to demonstrate that there is more to the sesamoid bone of the knee joint than a visible resemblance to a catering tool...
Scintimammography using Tc-99m MIBI is becoming established as a second line diagnostic test for ... more Scintimammography using Tc-99m MIBI is becoming established as a second line diagnostic test for the detection of breast cancer in patients with suspected primary disease. Though most published clinical studies compare scintimammography (SMM) with mammography (XMM), in clinical practice they are likely to be used sequentially with the scintimammography following the mammography. To determine the possible accuracy of such an approach, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were produced for SMM, XMM and a combination of both studies performed over 2 years period on 162 suspicious lesions in 154 patients with no previous history of breast cancer. Each scan was reported in 5 grades: 1-normal or definitely benign; 2-possibly normal or possibly benign; 3-equivoval; 4-probably cancer; 5-definitely cancer. The results have been verified by pathological examination of biopsy material obtained from each suspicious mass. There were 102 malignant breast tumours and 60 non-malignant brea...
Introduction. Currently, there is a lack of data on the role of combined positron emission tomogr... more Introduction. Currently, there is a lack of data on the role of combined positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in the staging of early invasive primary breast cancer. We therefore evaluated the role of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG)-PET-CT in this patient population. Methods. We prospectively recruited 70 consecutive patients (69 women, one man; mean age, 61.9 ± 8.1 years) with early primary breast cancer for staging with (18)F-FDG-PET-CT. All PET-CT images were interpreted by two readers (independently of each other). A third reader adjudicated any discrepancies. All readers had ≥5 years of specific experience. Ethics board approval and informed consent were obtained. Results. The mean clinical follow-up was 22.7 ± 12.6 months. The primary tumor was identified with PET-CT in 64 of 70 patients. Of the unidentified lesions, surgical pathology revealed two intraductal carcinomas, one invasive tubular carcinoma, and three invasive lobular carcinomas. Undiagnos...
The electrical and optical properties of diamondlike carbon films deposited by direct current mag... more The electrical and optical properties of diamondlike carbon films deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering on Si substrates at room temperature have been measured as a function of the ion energy (Eion) and ion-to-carbon flux (Jion/JC). The results show that, in the ranges of 5 eV<=Eion<=85 eV and 1.1<=Jion/JC<=6.8, the presence of defective graphite formed by subplanted C and Ar
The aim of this study was to determine the utility of scrotal sonography in the evaluation of pat... more The aim of this study was to determine the utility of scrotal sonography in the evaluation of patients with scrotal pain or swelling following inguinal hernia repair. From our database, we identified patients who were referred for sonographic evaluation because of persistent scrotal pain or swelling after inguinal hernia repair between July 1994 and February 1996. Sonograms and medical charts were reviewed retrospectively. Eight patients were included in this study. Doppler sonography demonstrated evidence of testicular infarction in 2 patients and absence of intratesticular diastolic flow in 1 patient. Five patients had postoperative fluid collections with sonographically normal testes. Scrotal sonography can diagnose testicular infarction following hernia repair and distinguish postoperative fluid collections from recurrent hernias.
Variations in the surface composition of stainless steel after a 24h, 250°C bakeout over the temp... more Variations in the surface composition of stainless steel after a 24h, 250°C bakeout over the temperature range of room temperature to 800°C have been correlated with desorption of H2 and CO. The surface composition of the 347 stainless steel was monitored by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and desorption kinetics were determined from temperature desorption spectroscopy
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