IJESRT Journal

As we know competitive pressure among the manufacturing organization is increasing day by day that is why the factors which attract mostly customers are comfort & cost. This work is consists of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of steel bracket & a bracket made of material i.e. steel. The CAE tools used for this work are Solid work for modeling & ANSYS 19.2 for FE Analysis. The FE analysis of bracket is performed for the deflection, stresses and weight optimization. In ANSYS, the general process of FEA is divided into three main phases i.e., preprocessor, solution, and postprocessor. This model Of bracket of material i.e. (steel) is also prepared and analyzed by FEA which is then compare with the previous bracket with optimized bracket. The use of topology optimization technique then finds out weight reduction.

Pavements asphaltic concrete surfacing is the most common in the world, mainly because of the ride comfort it offers. This surfacing, made up of a mixture of aggregates and hydrocarbon binder that is bitumen, is very exposed to traffic but also to the immediate effects of the climate, especially temperature. Asphaltic concrete is formulated by the Marshall method in Togo, which recommends a storage time of 30 minutes in a thermal bath set at a temperature of 60 ° C. However, the continuous exposure of the surfacing to temperature can last a few minutes to a few hours depending on the season and the thermal cycle. In this study, it is verified the effect of the storage time in a thermal bath on the characteristics of a bituminous mixture of class 50/70 with a serious 0/14. For this, asphaltic concrete samples are manufactured and stored in a thermal bath set at 60° for a time ranging from 30 to 420 minutes. On each sample are determined creep and Marshall stability. It emerges from the results obtained that the characteristics of the asphaltic concrete studied are influenced by the storage time: in fact, an increase in creep and a decrease in stability are noted.

In Chemical Graph Theory, several degree based topological indices were introduced and studied since 1972. In this paper, we compute the first, second, third, fourth and fifth multiplicative arithmetic-geometric indices of some important chemical drugs which appeared in medical science.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels. Therefore the objective of this paper is to analyse different classification algorithm such as SVM, decision tree, KNN, NN to detect diabetes at early stage. Among all the four algorithms used NN gives maximum accuracy of 82.46%.

This paper presents an experimental study on the fatigue strength using fiber reinforced polymers (FRP)to repair load-carrying cruciform full penetration welded joints with weld toe failures. Fatigue tests were carried out on a total of 15 specimens. Five specimens as control, the other five specimens were retrofitted with FRP materials only, and the last five were retrofitted with FRP materials fixed with bearing plate and bolts. All specimens were loaded with different stress range values. During tests the fatigue failure mode and the corresponding fatigue life were recorded. Test results showed that, the patching of FRP materials prolongs fatigue life with sufficient values and at the same time debonding was prevented in case of bearing plate and bolts.

This article presents a numerical method for determining the thermal conductivity of local materials, kapok plaster
and tow plaster. It consists of heating the front face of a wall made from these two materials and at the same time
insulating its rear face. We simultaneously study the curves of the evolution of the heat flux density as a function
of time on the rear face and the evolution of the temperature gradient as a function of time between the heated
face and the insulated face. Thermal conductivity is obtained when reaching steady state; when the evolution of
the heat flux density and the temperature gradient no longer depend on time. The results showed that the theoretical
value of thermal conductivity is obtained when the material has reached its equilibrium state. And the values
obtained for different values of the convective exchange coefficients are appreciably equal to the experimental
value

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is an increasingly important technology in the modern world. The first major applications of RFID focused on supply chain management. The first institutes on campus to introduce RFID technology were university libraries, to organize and manage books. Additionally, RFID enhances inventory tracking and reduces shrinkage, ensuring that systems can be operated in real-time. Some selected and related critical factors should be addressed when discussing each chosen application. This work considers the feasibility of new RFID applications in education. The unique characteristics of RFID, such as accurate personnel's tracking, authentication, responsibility and recall, mean that the attendance by students of classes can be automatically monitored. Cheating can be discovered at the beginning of an examination. Therefore, RFID technology has a good potential contribution in education by active RFID tags for unique identification. Additionally, an RFID network is built accelerate the widespread adoption of RFID technology.

The Artificial Intelligence is growing and covering various aspects of our daily life. The idea seems to be very complex. It seems that a program cannot be developed using our home PC. But believe me, it's not that difficult. Let us try to understand what the neural networks are and how they can be applied in trading. Artificial Neural Networks can be used in forex Currency Trading, for finding or predicting the next possible movements. We know that Artificial Neural Networks involves study of neurons in the human brain, sometimes called as biological network.ANN is based on connections of nodes, units called as artificial nodes or neurons. Neural network is an entity consisting of artificial neurons, among which there is an organized relationship. These relations are similar to a biological brain.

Use the fiber reinforced polymers fabric (FRP) in repair and strengthening of bridges, steel structure, etc. This article is review of literature available on flexural behavior of I-section steel beams with externally attached with FRP fabrics. It can be useful to decide which FRP sheet is best to use with steel beam to enhance flexural strength. Also this study comprises of cost comparison of Steel I beam strengthened by various FRP i.e. Basalt-FRP, Glass-FRP and Carbon-FRP. This can be achieved by bonding various FRP sheet at bottom flange, top flange & two faces of web to steel I section beam. It was studied through experimental, analytical, numerical investigation. Most of work is done on carbon-FRP fabric attached to steel beam as compared with Basalt-FRP. Some literature studied properties of FRP, adhesive bond, and fatigue behavior. In experimental method, four point bending test was performed and model were analyzed using FE analysis. From this review, Carbon-FRP gives better performance of Steel I beam as compared with other FRPs.

Use the fiber reinforced polymers fabric (FRP) in repair and strengthening of bridges, steel structure, etc. This article is review of literature available on flexural behavior of I-section steel beams with externally attached with FRP fabrics. It can be useful to decide which FRP sheet is best to use with steel beam to enhance flexural strength. Also this study comprises of cost comparison of Steel I beam strengthened by various FRP i.e. Basalt-FRP, Glass-FRP and Carbon-FRP. This can be achieved by bonding various FRP sheet at bottom flange, top flange & two faces of web to steel I section beam. It was studied through experimental, analytical, numerical investigation. Most of work is done on carbon-FRP fabric attached to steel beam as compared with Basalt-FRP. Some literature studied properties of FRP, adhesive bond, and fatigue behavior. In experimental method, four point bending test was performed and model were analyzed using FE analysis. From this review, Carbon-FRP gives better performance of Steel I beam as compared with other FRPs.

This paper describes the concept of full function portable ventilator, which have low cost, minimum weight,
compact, small-sized. It can easily operate by mobile application and that application able to measure PEEP
pressure, tidal volume and flow rate. The essential components used are stepper motor, rack and pinion, motor
driver, Nod MCU, Acrylic sheet, Battery etc. There are some open sources Hardware ventilator (OSM-MVs) have
been used during COVID-19 Pandemic. The ventilator device breaths by compressing a convention bag-valve
mask (BVM) with a help of Rack and Pinion, that eliminate the need of human operator for the BVM. Initially
the prototype is built out by Acrylic Sheets, it is work as thermal insulator and it's approximately 20% better than
glass. The measurement of portable ventilator is 9.8*4.7*7 inches (250*120*180) mm and weighting 2.20lbs
(1.5kg). It is driven by the motor driver powered by a VDC battery. The sensors are used to operate it by a mobile
operation for measurement of tidal volume, PEEP pressure etc. The design is made up of CAD software and also
makes Ansys for this device. The experimental results taking after testing on artificial lung that where the Positive
Inspiratory Pressure (PIP), respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume, Positive end- expiratory pressure (PEEP) and its
accuracy exceeding human capabilities in BVM

Most of the drinking water supplies of Atakpamé town is assured by wells and boreholes. The quality of this water is threatened by human activities. This study is to evaluate the impact of agricultural techniques and wastewater management on the evolution of the physicochemical quality of well and borehole water, for an understanding of the acquisition of groundwater mineralization in this commune. The water was collected and analyzed and, the results submitted to statistical processing using the software XLSTAT 2018.6 shows that the most downgrading physicochemical parameters are pH, conductivity and nitrates, compared to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Factor analysis and correlation between the parameters explain the source of nitrate pollution which is linked to the farming and other human activities. The hydro chemical facies represented in the Piper diagram using the diagram software are in majority chlorinated, sodipotassic. Qgis software led to the spatial representation of the nitrate pollution. This pollution is high in Abotèssè, Aféyé-Kpota, Idiotsè and Ikotadi localities. The Hierarchical Ascendant Classification (HAC) of sampled water point gives four important homogeneous subgroups for future sampling selecting a point while representing the subgroup under surveillance.

Aldimine ligand 2-Hydroxy-5-bromo-benzylidene-4-hydroxy-aniline (L) and its complexes with Cu (II), Ni (II), Co (II) and Zn (II) were prepared and characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (IR, UV-Vis) techniques, thermal study, electrical conductivity and magnetic measurements. The results indicate that the ligand coordinate through azomithine nitrogen and oxygen of enolic group. The complexes were further screened for antimicrobial activity.

Recently, a novel invariant is considered, which is the Nirmala index defined as the sum of the square root of sum of the degrees of the pairs of adjacent vertices. In this paper, we introduce some new Nirmala indices: the second, third, fourth and neighborhood (or fifth) Nirmala indices of a graph. Furthermore, we compute the neighborhood Nirmala index and its exponential for certain important chemical structures such as nanocones and dendrimers.

This master thesis work presents the development of a parameterized automated generic model for the structural
design of an aircraft wing. Furthermore, in order to perform finite element analysis on the aircraft wing geometry,
the process of finite element mesh generation is automated. The generic model that is developed in this regard is
able to automate the process of creation and modification of the aircraft wing geometry based on a series of
parameters which define the geometrical characteristics of wing panels, wing spars and wing ribs. Two different
approaches are used for the creation of the generic model of an aircraft wing which are “Knowledge Pattern” and
“Power Copy with Visual Basic Scripting” using the CATIA V5 Software. A performance comparison of the
generic wing model based on these two approaches is also performed. In the early stages of the aircraft design
process, an estimate of the structural characteristic of the aircraft wing is desirable for which a surface structural
analysis (using 2D mesh elements) is more suitable. In this regard, the process of finite element mesh generation
for the generic wing model is automated. Furthermore, the finite element mesh is updated based on any changes
in geometry and the shape of the wing panels, wing spars or wing ribs, and ensure that all the mesh elements are
always properly connected at the nodes. The automated FE mesh generated can be used for performing the
structural analysis on an aircraft wing. Topology optimization has for a considerable time been applied
successfully in the automotive industry, but still has not become a mainstream technology for the design of aircraft
components.. Also, aircraft components are often stability designs and the compliance based topology
optimization method still lacks the ability to deal with any buckling criteria. The present paper considers the use
of the compliance formulated topology optimization method and detailed sizing/shape optimization methods to
the design of aircraft components but also discusses the difficulties in obtaining correct loading and boundary
conditions for finite element based analysis/optimization of components that are integral parts of a larger structure.

Air pollution carries significant risks for human health and the environment. Vehicles powered by fossil fuels are major contributors to air pollution. In order to reduce carbon related ailments among road users, the polluted air in our roads need to be decarbonized. The aim of this paper is to present a two dimensional grid based numerical carbon pollution model prognosticating carbon pollutant concentrations in roads, generated by car exhausts with a case study of concealed tunnels. The results of the findings on concentration of carbon pollutants in concealed road tunnels with ventilations and ventilation fans on road sections of the tunnel have been presented. Forced convection has been brought in by introducing suction pumps and accelerating the air into the tunnel to achieve the desired results. Godunov finite volume technique is used to help in prognosticating carbon pollutant concentrations at different levels from the source. With the technique, it has been possible to predict the carbonaceous deposits in the atmosphere and the effect of forced convection on concentration of carbon pollutants from the source.

Understanding the role of antioxidants as substances interrupting free radical reactions intensifies the search for
new natural and synthetic substances with antioxidant properties. Along with this, intensive research is underway
to create methods for assessing the antioxidant (AO) properties of various substances and devices for determining
antioxidant activity (AOA). This article proposes an amperometric method and a sensor for measuring the total
antioxidant activity of substances. The method is based on the process of oxygen electroreduction in the absence
and presence of antioxidants of various origins in the solution. The measurement of the analytical signal before
and after the introduction of the antioxidant substance into the electrochemical cell is carried out using a portable
two-electrode sensor, "pencil" type, with a silver cathode, on which a potential of -500 mV is applied from a DC
source (batteries). As an antioxidant standard, a 1% solution of ascorbic acid in a phosphate buffer with a pH of
6.86 was conventionally adopted. The sensor is connected to the measuring and driving device through a
microcircuit - an operational amplifier. The measured signal in arbitrary units is displayed on the liquid crystal
screen of the setting and measuring device and characterizes the maximum depolarization current of the indicator
electrode. Using the resistors of the measuring device, a range of 0 - 100 units is set, for the analyte in the absence
of an antioxidant and in the presence of a standard - 1% ascorbic acid solution, conventionally taken as 100%,
respectively. Thus, the antioxidant activity of substances can be measured as a percentage relative to ascorbic acid
(or other antioxidant). The results of determining the total antioxidant activity of some drinks and aqueousalcoholic extracts of medicinal plants are presented.

This article presents the results of an experimental laboratory study carried out with the odometer and the Richards press on a class A3 clay soil sample that had undergone drying-wetting cycles. These tests allowed us to analyze in fine the influence of the drying-wetting cycles on the compressibility and suction behavior of the soil object of our study. This study reveals that the drying-wetting cycles have a certain influence on clay soils. Indeed, the compressibility index of the soil increases while the swelling index decreases according to the cycles; the pre-consolidation pressure and the oedometric modulus show a more or less constant variation; the permeability of the soil increases clearly when the number of cycles increases. Soil suction decreases as the number of drying-wetting cycles increases under extreme conditions.

This traffic controller system aims at designing a dynamic automated traffic control system where the signal and
time limit will be automatically changed when it detects traffic congestion in any lane. Traffic congestion is a
major problem in many cities around the world so it is urgent need to switch over from manual mode or timer
mode to an automated traffic control system that has the power to make decisions on its own. The current traffic
signal system is working on fixed time which may not work if one route gets more traffic than other lane. To
overcome this problem, a smart traffic control system is proposed. When using this system high traffic congestion
on a particular lane receives green for a longer period of time compared to the other lanes which has normal
vehicle flow. Therefore, the proposed method of providing green and red light time is based on the amount of
traffic congestion at the time with the help of an IR sensor and Sound sensors connected to ATmega 2560
Microcontroller.

Most of the built carts will use a combination of lithium batteries, but the types of lithium battery connectors are cumbersome and their charging time is too long. In this project, a Faraday capacitor is used instead of the car's power source to store power in a wireless charging mode, by providing DC power to the transmitter coil along the road to induce a certain voltage to the secondary coil carried by the car to achieve the effect of storing power for the Faraday capacitor. A camera module openmv in the centre of the track captures images and uses a target detection algorithm to intelligently identify the position of the car to control the activation and deactivation of the coils to improve efficiency.

Agriculture is the science and art of creating plants and creatures that would lead to the production of crops. For the continuous growth of crops, irrigation i.e., watering of crops and adding fertilizers are essential processes. In this project, an automated farming system model is designed in which the process of drip irrigation and supply of fertilizers is done without using manpower. The drip irrigation system is automated with the help of various sensors such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, rain sensors and water sensors. The essential supply of fertilizers to the crops will be done with the help of venturi pipes which are known as dripper lines and pH sensors.

The construction industry is dynamic in nature because it involves a wide number of stakeholders, such as consumers, manufacturers, consultants, regulators and others. Construction projects suffer from many challenges and complex performance issues, such as low coordination, job delays, changes in goals. Study on the contrast of conventional and modern methodologies for project management in construction projects. Introduction of Agile project management approach as modern project management methodology and its framework effects on construction project performance. With the use of Agile software development tools comparison of individuals experts and team solutions will be analyzed and evaluate optimum solutions and their comparison with traditional project management tools. In traditional project management, validation of the results has been done through survey of the experienced experts. However, as agile software development tools Jira and Trello software would be used for managing project. Analysis of the research will compare traditional and agile project management tools and suggest the project management team an optimum solution of any problem occur at construction project.

In the present scenario it is observed that 66.60 percent population of the world has a mobile device (cell phones, tablets and other mobile devices). Billions of users are using the social media across various platforms like Facebook, Whatsapp, Twitter, Instagram etc. But simultaneously, the Internet crimes and frauds are increasing rapidly day by day across the world in which the social media platforms are playing a vital role. Criminals use mobile phones as a partner in their crimes. They use social media platforms for criminal motive. To holdup and to trace the criminals, the investigation agencies try to find out the locations of the criminals by tracing their mobile numbers using CDR analysis, IP address analysis and other methods. But the criminal have been intelligent now and using the new technologies to hide themselves. The criminals use social media accounts for calling and chatting so that police or other investigation agencies cannot trace them easily. In such conditions, it was felt necessary to develop such a tool that can facilitate the investigating agencies and police personnel to trace the criminals easily. Therefore, a tool named SNUFF is developed by the authors that can help the police and other agencies to trace and find out the exact location of the person or the criminal who has been using the social media sites for his ill intentions.

Mobile forensics is a subset of digital forensics which includes the investigation and acquisition of artifacts of mobile phones. With the advancement of technology threats to mobile phones made forensic science a challenging Endeavour. Number of mobile users is increasing worldwide and creates tremendous problems and challenges. As the technology is advancing the criminals are also getting advanced day by day. Investigation agencies come across various crimes committed through different modes, forgery of IMEI number(s) of mobile device being one of them. This paper presents a case study in which mobile phones of duplicate IMEI's, hardware tools capable of duplicating IMEI along with other evidences have been received and examined in the laboratory.

Software defect prediction model based on the mutation testing is a pioneering method for the fault-based unit testing in which faults are detected by executing certain test data. This paper presents an Optimized Mutation Testing (OMT) technique based software defect prediction model using the concept of hybrid metaheuristic technique. Here, hybridization of OMT with Enhanced Learning-to-Rank (ELTR) is used for the feature extraction from mutation testing based data generation mechanism. In the proposed approach, first hybrid technique is used for the test data feature extraction then this data is exercised to cover all mutants present in the specific program under test and then machine learning based Random Forest as an ensemble classifier is used as a classifier. The proposed method can improve the testing as well defect prediction efficiency by deleting the redundant test data. In this research work, two models are implemented for the software defect prediction using the ELTR and LTR. At last, the performance parameters such as Detection Rate, Defect Predication Value, Execution Time, Percentage of Fault Negative Rate and Percentage of Fault Rate are measured and compared with the existing work to validate the proposed model.

The self-driving trolley created in this thesis uses cameras and ultrasonic sensors to obtain roadway information, and a deep learning based target recognition algorithm to find out which are the targets in the data obtained, so that the trolley can drive itself on a simulated roadway with functions such as obstacle avoidance and traffic signal recognition. Originally the car used a Raspberry Pi 3b+, but here the jetson nano, which is better than the Raspberry Pi 3b+, is used to implement it.

In the last two decades, RFID technology was used widely in construction. In essence, during different phases of a building project, RFID enables control over a wide variety of procedures, from its construction to its ecosystems. In order to demonstrate recent trends, weaknesses and differences, this paper aims specifically to examine RFID implementations in the construction industry. The paper presents the use of RFID technology in tracking and monitoring of material and resources in construction work. In addition, RFID is integrated with different systems like PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) and Vision technology to enhance its capability. In this later step an RFID application is presented aimed at facilitating the identification of furniture parts in scanned habitats. At the end of the paper are discussed future progress.

A quake is a random tremor or movement of the earth's crust, which is developed naturally on or below the surface of earth. While designing a structures in seismically active area, a designer has to make provision of predetermined level of reliability and earthquake resistance of building structures. Now, to improve the seismic resistance, various isolation techniques, including lead rubber bearings, which occupy a leading position in the construction practice utilization, are being increasingly applied. Base isolation (BI) system for buildings is introduced to separate the building structure from potential damage induced by earthquake motion, preventing the building superstructures from absorbing the earthquake energy. A study determining the effectiveness of base isolators is carried out on multi-storey structures with varying height and in different soil condition.

The current digital era is full of digital devices and to ensure the safety of their data, users utilize the protective armor of passwords using the fingerprints lock, face lock, pin codes and password locks. The trial-and-error method possesses an infinite possibility of passwords in patterns/ pin locks for unlocking the devices. The levels of security ensure that only a limited number of trials are possible before any device blocks itself or makes unlocking harder. In these circumstances, especially when a victim is a deceased person (e. g. an abetment in suicide case), the password is practically impossible to attain through the authorities. However, the data can be retrieved with the unique and distinctive method of Chip-off analysis. In this study, a password protected mobile phone was retrieved from a deceased individual and only the analysis of his/her mobile could lead to investigative insights for catching the perpetrator. The Chip-off method has several difficulties and a password/ pin protected device increases the difficulties for analysis several folds. This study highlights the significance of chip-off analysis in achieving accurate importing and extraction of maximum data along with the use of the hardware/software, MSAB, XRY and other software.

This paper is presented on Design and Thermal analysis of disc brake rotor of different materials, which analyze about on disc brake rotor by analysis of different shapes of slot of different vehicles Disc brake rotor. Therefore, it can optimize number of shapes of slot to estimate the good thermal conductivity of the disc brake rotor. CATIA V5R21 and ANSYS 19R1 software's are using for Modeling, Static and Transient Thermal Analysis. Heat generated is dissipated faster or the disc material gets less heated. Here is consideration of a metal multiple materials which will satisfy above criteria. An analysis of composite and SS disc brakes over a repeated braking is done and the results are analyzed.

This paper is presented review of disc brake rotor of different materials with hybrid mechanism, which is showing about on disc brake rotor by analysis of different shapes of slot of various vehicles. Optimization of shapes and slotsare use to estimate good thermal conductivity of the disc brake rotor. In this paper, review about challenges and problems associated with disk brake and characteristics of Thermal analysis on real model of disc brake rotor. It deals with literature survey of transient, thermal analysis of composite disc brake. Various disk brake as well as its materials is also discussed in this paper for review.

Emotions have captivated researchers for years, as is obvious in the huge body of research work related to emotion in area of mental characteristics, language, socialism, and interaction. Human emotion manifests itself in the form of facial expressions, speech utterances, writings, and in gestures and actions. As a result, technical research in emotion has been pursued along several proportions and has drawn upon research from various areas. This paper results in the chore of emotion gratitude by attempting to robotically learn emotions from text. In this paper, a new technique to mine the emotions from an English text has been introduced. We have used 10 categories from which we can extract the motions. Proposed system use bays and SVM approach to perform the given task. The accuracy of the proposed system is better as compared to the existing system.

Recently, the -vertex degree concept was defined in Chemical Graph Theory. In this paper, we propose the first and second -Banhatti indices, first and second hyper -Banhatti indices and their corresponding polynomials of a molecular graph and compute exact formulas for silicate networks and hexagonal networks.

Steering system is one of the major part of any Automotive design. It is responsible for transferring drivers input to the wheels and gives feedback from road to driver. To design a proper steering system for a formula SAE vehicle, several design parameters needed to be determined. The most important design intent for this system was to provide the driver with a system that did not require excessive steering input force or excessive steering wheel rotation, proper wheel feedback, and adequate wheel steering angle to allow the driver to navigate the tightest corners on the autocross course. This report gives clear idea about how the steering geometry has to be decided for formula student car by using CAD Software Solidworks, and how to select from different possible alternatives. Also, designing of steering components like rack and pinion, shafts and Steering wheel is explained in the report. The overall report can be divided into two objectives. The first is to design the proper steering geometry for the car. The second objective is to design the steering system components, so that the steering effort decreases without compensating the feedback which is obtained from the road. Designing and optimizing of steering system and its components is done considering the rules provided by Formula Bharat 2020, ergonomics, drivers safety, Components Manufacturing, Assembly and performance. The CAD file is entirely developed in Solidworks 2018-19. Static force analysis on components is also performed in Solidworks 2018-19.

Formula Student car, to participate in different Formula Student events. Though the car was designed and all designed systems and components were validated using Static Simulation, but it was not known how would car perform on the actual track. By using different dynamic simulation methods and MATLAB programming, team has tried to understand the vehicle behaviour on track. One of the methods used by the team was, to calculate the limiting velocity for each curve on the track and to calculate the time required by the car to complete one Endurance lap of Formula Bharat 2020. This was achieved by making a mathematical model and using concepts of vehicle Dynamics. In the study different cases of the track are also discussed and how does the car behave at different portion of the track is clearly explained in the study. This helps the driver to handle the car properly. As with this information driver would be able to know how his car would behave at different corners of the track.

The paper presents the occurrence and behavior of Transmission Angles in Synthesized Eight Link Gear Mechanism with Variable Topology. The response of the mechanism is taken into the consideration by plotting the graph with Crank Angle and Transmission Angles. The characteristic output of the mechanism is also studied. The study shows the variations in transmission angles and exhibits the functional aspects of synthesized mechanism within the prescribed limits.

The aim of this research is to evaluate the quality of oils used in the frying process in commercial restaurants. Oil samples were collected from deep fryers in two commercial restaurants in the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina. One of the restaurants used partially hydrogenated oil and the other sunflower oil. The analysis samples were collected during one 12-hour shift, in two-hour intervals. Physico-chemical parameters, changes in fatty acid composition during frying, and the presence of metals were analyzed. The research results have shown that there is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between all analyzed parameters, for both types of oils. During frying, the composition of fatty acids for both oils changes significantly. Total oxidation value for partially hydrogenated oil was increased from 2.165 to 55.983 mg/kg oil, and for sunflower oil from 15.332 to 153.888 mg/kg. During frying, there is an increase in the metal content (p < 0.05) in the tested oils.

Autoencoders (AE) are a family of neural networks for which the input is the same as the output. They work by compressing the input into a latent-space representation and then reconstructing the output from this representation. The aim of an Autoencoder is to learn a representation (encoding) for a set of data, typically for dimensionality reduction, by training the network to ignore signal "noise". In this paper De-noising Autoencoder is implemented by proposing a novel approach on MNIST handwritten digits. This model is validated through training and validation losses, and observing the reconstructed test images when comparing to the original images. The proposed model is found to be working very well.

This type of qualitative research uses a phenomenological approach, while the results of the research show that side businesses owned by the community in various forms, both engaged in goods and services, are very important in supporting the economy, especially in the aspect of meeting the needs of daily life, alternative side businesses carried out by the community are solutions in facing human needs who always want better, both primary, secondary and tertiary needs.

This paper presents a specific case study for estimating the service life of structures contains Metakaolin concrete using the SA.Du2020 model. Reckoning the service life helps reinforce the discernibility of these buildings and controls some economic aspects. The case in consideration was applied to the data collected for a mix contains 15% Metakaolin. The physical and chemical features of metakaolin Concrete will be examined. Durability tests of metakaolin Concrete encompass chloride penetration, water permeability, abrasion, water absorption, bond resistance, corrosion resistance and concrete resistance tests. The results of the service life prediction provide a perspective for the expected life span of buildings of similar conditions. The total cost through the intended life has to be considered.

This study the LTPA Emission Project Team presents a new method of detecting electromagnetic signals that is a candidate for the analysis of seismic precursors and for a crustal diagnosis in real time. Earthquakes are an expression of the Earth System and is therefore clear that the anlysis of data must be evaluated in a holistic context, supported by advanced technologies and by the constant and rapid synergy with the scientific community thanks to the web. The RDF experimentation proposed in this paper is based on some precursor candidates, such as a magnetic anomalies and particular frequency bands, activated by the minerals of the rocks under tectonic stress. The monitoring station, localted in Rome and Pisa (Italy), used two types of radio receivers to continuosly monitor the electromagnetic spectrum located between the lower limit of the SELF band (Super Extremely Low Frequency) and upper limit of the VLF band (Very Low Frequency). In this study, as a demonstrative example, the seismicity in Japan is analyzed, as detected by the Italian monitoring stations. KEYWORDS: Keywords are your own designated keywords which can be used for easy location of the manuscript using any search engines.

The paper presents some functional particularities of the dynamics of vehicles when moving them in urban and extra-urban areas. There are several aspects related to the study of vehicle dynamics by applying the methods of multivariate statistics [2][3]. The study is based on experimental data tests of a Ford Focus car equipped with on-board computer, sensors and built-in actuators.

The paper presents some functional particularities of the dynamics of vehicles when moving them in urban and extra-urban areas. There are several aspects related to the study of vehicle dynamics by applying the methods of multivariate statistics [2][3]. The study is based on experimental data tests of a Ford Focus car equipped with on-board computer, sensors and built-in actuators.

Dams a facility that stores water in the and uses water in a sustainable way. The high use of imported energy resources, which is composed entirely of fossil fuels and which has negative impacts in terms of economic and political aspects, clearly shows that the use and potential of domestic and renewable energy resources is inevitable. Increasing the domestic and renewable primary energy source of hydroelectric energy production to the highest values is only possible with the development of the right tank management policies. Dams also had been built to produce motive power and electricity since the industrial revolution. Development priorities changed, experience accumulated with the construction and operation of dams. Although the importance of water is well known in the human life and civilization around the world, still various groups argue that expected economic benefits are not being produced and that major environmental, economic and social costs are not being taken into account.

By using image segmentation techniques to bifurcate the image shadow in between the sea surface area.A code has been generated to evaluate these kind of heavy muddy clay area.A band of modis A interferometric data used here to target the particular area. Also a generated kernel reevaluated and implement to detect the water content mixture in between the subsurface scattering.

For real-time inspection of color, the LUT approach is the best of the techniques considered. In computer science, a lookup table is an array that replaces runtime computation with a simpler array indexing operation. The savings in terms of processing time can be significant, since retrieving a value from memory is often faster than undergoing an expensive computation or input & output operation. The tables may be precalculated and stored in static program storage, as part of a program's initialization phase, or even stored in hardware in application-specific platforms. Lookup tables are also used extensively to validate input values by matching against a list of valid items in an array and, in some programming languages, may include pointer functions to process the matching input. The disadvantage of the LUT approach is the large memory size. The memory size has been reduced significantly by applying a multitude of ROM compression methods.

Covid-19(Ref. WHO & ICMR web.) an epidemics primarily evolution point Wuhan the Republic of China detects by mutations through bat & further transfusion through animal to human. Creating mass destruction of human life and effected persons rapidely rising exponentially. Approx all countries of this planet effected by this virus. Suggest approx lock down in many country by local and central government now a days. The number of labs from Many countries involved scientists suggests to invent vaccine to prevent this epidemics virus .It is undermining to detects and target the virus by using bioengineering imaging techniques like chest radiography, computerized tomography (CT) scan, positron emission tomography (PET). RT-PCR technique is being used worldwide to detect COVID19. My aim is to detects the virus snatch effected persons in between normal circumstances to prevent towards spreading the virus.

Evolving challenges due to global warming, emissions and depleting natural reserves have prompted the search
for alternatives to fossil fuels. Biodiesel is one such promising alternative. However, the significantly low yield
from biodiesel feedstock sources has been a deterring factor preventing its large scale production in Nigeria.
This research work is therefore aimed at optimizing process variables affecting the yield of biodiesel from
jatropha curcas crude. Esterification of the crude was carried out using 1% (w/w) of sulphuric acid as catalyst in
order to reduce its free fatty acid content. Upon esterification, three process variables; catalyst concentration,
reaction temperature and the reaction time were varied simultaneously at different ratios for 15 run of the BoxBehnken
Design while transeterifying the crude maintaining a constant methanol to oil ratio of 6:1. The BoxBehnken
method was used to optimize the investigated variables. The result show an optimal yield of 99 %
biodiesel for a 60oC reaction temperature, 90 minutes reaction time and 1% (w/w) catalyst concentration. A
model equation was also developed that could be used to determine the optimum operating ratios of the process
variables for best yields.

The main aim of Data mining techniques are to try to find out helpful patterns from the data that is big in quantity. These ideas or patterns are useful to find out some useful information. The abilities learned through fully knowledge mining approaches may contain confidential information about persons or trade. Upkeep of secrecy is a gigantic aspect of information mining also as a result be taught of attaining some information mining ambitions without dropping the secrecy of the individuals .The assessment of privacy preserving data mining (PPDM) algorithms must don't forget the penalties of those algorithms in mining the outcome along with retaining privacy. Inside the constraints of privateness, a couple of ways have been introduced however nonetheless this branch of exploration is in its early life .The success of privateness preserving data mining procedures is measured in phrases of its efficiency, data utility, degree of uncertainty or resistance to data mining procedures and so on. Nevertheless no privateness maintaining algorithm exists that outperforms all others on all feasible standards. Rather, an algorithm could participate in better than one other on one exact criterion. So, the aim of this paper is to show the current situation of privacy preserving knowledge mining framework and tactics