Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist ar... more Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist area lost much of its visual appearance due to rapid development occurs. Therefore, the visual quality of the landscape need to be identified and quantified. The aim of this paper is to identify and to quantify the quality of the visual landscape in the tourist area of Bogor, Puncak Cianjur. This study uses a method Visual Resources Assessment Procedure (VRAP) (Richard C. Smardon, James F. Palmer, Alfred Knof and Kate Grinde, 1988), counting the total of visual elements such as water, vegetation, land surface, user activity as well as other considerations. The result of the calculation to get that Cisarua subdistrict has a high visual quality value, while the value of quality attraction Cibodas Botanical Garden has the highest value .Visual Landscape Management a). Visual Landscape management Zone a. Cipanas District entered in the class 1 category including preservation in the management ...
This article interprets the perception and aspirations of the city community, as a cornerstone of... more This article interprets the perception and aspirations of the city community, as a cornerstone of drafting the design criteria of a community-based city park landscape, which is effective and sustainable. Flooding and drought problems in Jakarta and surrounding areas should be resolved in a comprehensive, integrated and sustainable manner. Referring to the Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) which is an innovation in integrated water management, it is recommended to develop the function of detention and retention ponds as part of storm drainage system, replacing conventional system. Development of the city park landscape criteria as the synergies of the RTH function and the detention/retention ponds should be approached in a very careful, avoiding fatal malfunction and harsh rejection of the user community. The best approach should be done through tracing the needs, desires and expectations of the city community as the ‘end user' as well as 'super client' of the city par...
Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This r... more Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This research intends to understand what reflects the preferences through the respondent’s knowledge on the function and experience of the selected tourism scenes. Respondents selected according to their knowledge of the selected tourism destinations regardless their nationality. From the photos gathered during the site survey, a final set of ten most preferred scenes by the respondents were finalized to be used in the study. It was found that respondent’s familiarity has become the contributing factor in influencing the most preferred scenes. The results point that highland landscapes were most preferred by the respondents regardless their origins ; mostly influenced by their perception on natural environment protection and the calmness feeling provided by the selected highland scenes.
Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This r... more Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This research intends to understand what reflects the preferences through the respondent’s knowledge on the function and experience of the selected tourism scenes. Respondents selected according to their knowledge of the selected tourism destinations regardless their nationality. From the photos gathered during the site survey, a final set of ten most preferred scenes by the respondents were finalized to be used in the study. It was found that respondent’s familiarity has become the contributing factor in influencing the most preferred scenes. The results point that highland landscapes were most preferred by the respondents regardless their origins ; mostly influenced by their perception on natural environment protection and the calmness feeling provided by the selected highland scenes.
Kecamatan Tangerang merupakan pusat perkembangan kota Tangerang yang merupakan kawasan permukiman... more Kecamatan Tangerang merupakan pusat perkembangan kota Tangerang yang merupakan kawasan permukiman, hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan pendudukan pada suatu kawasan. Peningkatan pertumbuhan penduduk dapat berpengaruh pada meningkatnya pembangunan. Pembangunan yang dimaksud yaitu pembangunan yang kurang seimbang karena penggunaan lahannya yang tidak diimbangi oleh penyediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau. Pertumbuhan penduduk dan kebutuhan akan permukiman di Kecamatan Tangerang terus meningkat. Hal ini berdampak pada rendahnya pemanfaatan lahan pada kawasan tersebut sebagai RTH. RTH Publik pada Kecamatan Tangerang belum mencukupi berdasarkan proyeksi jumlah penduduk untuk lima tahun ke depan, sedangkan keterbatasan lahan menjadi masalah untuk pengembangan RTH. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya suatu analisis terhadap kebutuhan dan ketersediaan lahan untuk RTH pada Kecamatan Tangerang dengan melakukan analisis perhitungan kebutuhan RTH Publik berdasarkan Permen PU No. 05 Tahun 2008 dan melak...
Pad a saat ini pendidikan Arsitektur Lansekap di Indonesia lebih berorientasi ke negara-negara Ba... more Pad a saat ini pendidikan Arsitektur Lansekap di Indonesia lebih berorientasi ke negara-negara Bara t. Meskipun banyak keuntungan dari situasi ini, namun masih kurangnya pembahasan tent ang kearifan /aka/ yang sangat penting untuk menonjo/kan identitas. Sasaran dari penu/isan - . aka lah ini adalah mencari ke mun gki nan menerapkan kearifan !aka/ dalam pendidikan Arsitektur _ an sekap pada masa depan di Indonesia. T ujuan dari penelitian ini adalah a) untuk ;r; en gidentifikasi norma Arsitektur Lansekap berdasarkan kearifan /aka/, b) untu k mengidentifikasi 'Je nga/aman dari praktisi Arsitek Lans eka p di Indonesia me/alui proyek-proyek lansekap mereka se baga i referensi dalam pendidikan lansekap. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan tersebut, kajian pu sta ka d a n observasi te/ah dilakukan . Hasil studi menunjukan aspek /ingk ungan merupakan aid ah yang perlu dipertimbangkan didalam perancangan , perencanaan dan pengelo/a an _ansekap. Aspek lingkunga...
Many environmental designers are currently searching for better solution on reducing noise freque... more Many environmental designers are currently searching for better solution on reducing noise frequency levels in housing estates. Planting hedges as buffer is commonly done but the question is whether they serve the right function and purpose. In order to determine the plant performance, a sound level meter was used to detect noise reduction from commonly planted hedges in residential areas of Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur. The source of sound for measurement was from a grass trimmer that is commonly heard in residential areas. This paper highlights the performance of selected local plants in absorbing the noise frequency. A statistical analysis showed that hedges such as Baphia nitida and Bixa orellana of sufficient heights and length are promising and have a good potential in controlling sound levels. Ixora "sunkist" with small leaves and with more layers of planting also provides similar result. Until a controlled experimental study is carried out, this initial finding would...
Karawang merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Jawa Barat yang mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk ... more Karawang merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Jawa Barat yang mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk setiap tahunnya. Pertambahan jumlah penduduk yang terus meningkat disertai dengan peningkatan pendapatan per kapita masyarakat yang ada pada kota karawang telah mengakibatkan kebutuhan lahan semakin meningkat. sehingga banyak penduduk yang bermukim dan menetap di daerah Sempadan Sungai. Pada Daerah Sempadan Sungai Citarum di kawasan perkotaan Karawang sering mengalami permasalahan seperti banjir, erosi dan sedimentasi. Hal ini disebabkan penataan terhadap penggunaan lahan yang tidak sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Maka diperlukan evaluasi kesesuaian lahan terhadap penggunaan lahan pada daerah Sempadan Sungai Citarum untuk mengetahui penggunaan lahan yang sesuai berdasarkan kriteria dan peraturannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis Overlay dan Skoring. Dari hasil analisis berdasarkan kondisi eksisting diperoleh 3 ruan...
In landscape, visual aspects are very important and contribute to our regional identity, while al... more In landscape, visual aspects are very important and contribute to our regional identity, while also giving value to the environment. In Indonesia, there are many tourism areas that are losing their visual attractiveness due to rapid development. This situation will affect the value of visual landscape. Based on this situation, it is imperative for visual landscape to be preserved. This study intends to evaluate visual landscape with an emphasis on preference, meaning, and economic value in relation to its preservation. This study uses a public preference method and as well as contingent valuation. 204 respondents were selected through convenience sampling among members of the public in Trisakti University to participate in a survey, where they were asked to rate their preference based on 50 photographs of landscapes in several tourism areas of Indonesia. They were required to provide their reasons for preference in closed and open-ended descriptions by choosing 5 scenes they preferr...
International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 2021
This study develops a model for students and graduates of Soft Skills, Hard Skills, and Competiti... more This study develops a model for students and graduates of Soft Skills, Hard Skills, and Competitiveness (SHC) and seeks user validation after the development process. The development process uses the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. A quantitative survey using questionnaires and descriptive quantitative analysis was applied in obtaining user validation as the study objective. The development results validated the students' SHC Development model, which has 3 main phases, including Input, Process and Output. The Input phase comprises course content, SHC component, and strategy of students' center approach. The Process phase consists of blended course design, instruction and students' engagement, and evaluation. The Output phase comprises soft and hard skills achievement, as well as students' competitiveness level. Users perceived the model's phases and components as wholly acceptable, appropriate, and applicable for imple...
K ej ahatan merupakan masalah besar dan telah menjadi kepedulian sosial terutama di daerah ro m e... more K ej ahatan merupakan masalah besar dan telah menjadi kepedulian sosial terutama di daerah ro m ersia l perkotaan di Malaysia. Berita mengenai kasus kejahatan terhadap property dan se rta kejahatan terhadap orang - orang seperti pembunuhan , pemerkosaan, pencurian dan pe m bakaran terdapat di muka surat kabar . Kejahatan ini terjadi karena adanya kesempatan :!a n potensi untuk melakukan kejahatan seperti adanya tempat - tempat yang tersebunyi , ak ses pintu keluar dan tidak adanya pencahayaan pada tempat - tempat tertentu. Kasus e j a hatan sering diselesaikan dengan penyelidikan yang memerlukan waktu panjang . .' a mun kejahatan dapat dikurangi melalui desain lingkungan yang effisien dan menerapkan :ek nik dan prinsip-prinsip secara langsung di perkotaan. Tuli san ini merupakan studi untuk 71 en cegah kejahatan dengan mengintegrasikan desain lingkung an di daer ah komersial ;;e rk otaan. Daerah penelitian di Berjaya nmes Square dan sekitarnya. Metoda yang ...
Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perbaikan lingkungan pemukiman tepi sun... more Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perbaikan lingkungan pemukiman tepi sungai para warga melalui penataan dan pemanfaatan tepi sungai sebagai area bersama warga, menampung aspirasi warga masyarakat terhadap pengembangan pemanfaatan tepi sungai melaui FGD (Forum Group Discussion) dan pelatihan bagi pengembangan area bersama bagi aktifitas rekreasi dan wadah kesempatan usaha mandiri. Untuk mencapai tujuan dan sasaran kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan, pelatihan dan FGD (Forum Group Discussion). Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini diharapkan terdapat beberapa usulan dari peserta untuk memanfaatkan area tepi sungai dengan beberapa kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan ini disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan PKM ini membantu menambah wawasan dan informasi untuk perumahan Bumi Telukjambe, Desa Sukaluyu Kec. Telukjambe Timur, Karawang Barat berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan lahan bantaran sungai bermanfaat untuk Ruang bersama dan Usaha Mandiri bagi Peningkatan Penghasilan Masy...
Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist ar... more Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist area lost much of its visual appearance due to rapid development occurs. Therefore, the visual quality of the landscape need to be identified and quantified. The aim of this paper is to identify and to quantify the quality of the visual landscape in the tourist area of Bogor, Puncak Cianjur. This study uses a method Visual Resources Assessment Procedure (VRAP) (Richard C. Smardon, James F. Palmer, Alfred Knof and Kate Grinde, 1988), counting the total of visual elements such as water, vegetation, land surface, user activity as well as other considerations. The result of the calculation to get that Cisarua subdistrict has a high visual quality value, while the value of quality attraction Cibodas Botanical Garden has the highest value .Visual Landscape Management a). Visual Landscape management Zone a. Cipanas District entered in the class 1 category including preservation in the management ...
Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist ar... more Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist area lost much of its visual appearance due to rapid development occurs. Therefore, the visual quality of the landscape need to be identified and quantified. The aim of this paper is to identify and to quantify the quality of the visual landscape in the tourist area of Bogor, Puncak Cianjur. This study uses a method Visual Resources Assessment Procedure (VRAP) (Richard C. Smardon, James F. Palmer, Alfred Knof and Kate Grinde, 1988), counting the total of visual elements such as water, vegetation, land surface, user activity as well as other considerations. The result of the calculation to get that Cisarua subdistrict has a high visual quality value, while the value of quality attraction Cibodas Botanical Garden has the highest value .Visual Landscape Management a). Visual Landscape management Zone a. Cipanas District entered in the class 1 category including preservation in the management ...
This article interprets the perception and aspirations of the city community, as a cornerstone of... more This article interprets the perception and aspirations of the city community, as a cornerstone of drafting the design criteria of a community-based city park landscape, which is effective and sustainable. Flooding and drought problems in Jakarta and surrounding areas should be resolved in a comprehensive, integrated and sustainable manner. Referring to the Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) which is an innovation in integrated water management, it is recommended to develop the function of detention and retention ponds as part of storm drainage system, replacing conventional system. Development of the city park landscape criteria as the synergies of the RTH function and the detention/retention ponds should be approached in a very careful, avoiding fatal malfunction and harsh rejection of the user community. The best approach should be done through tracing the needs, desires and expectations of the city community as the ‘end user' as well as 'super client' of the city par...
Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This r... more Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This research intends to understand what reflects the preferences through the respondent’s knowledge on the function and experience of the selected tourism scenes. Respondents selected according to their knowledge of the selected tourism destinations regardless their nationality. From the photos gathered during the site survey, a final set of ten most preferred scenes by the respondents were finalized to be used in the study. It was found that respondent’s familiarity has become the contributing factor in influencing the most preferred scenes. The results point that highland landscapes were most preferred by the respondents regardless their origins ; mostly influenced by their perception on natural environment protection and the calmness feeling provided by the selected highland scenes.
Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This r... more Visual preferences for various landscapes have been long standing interest to researchers. This research intends to understand what reflects the preferences through the respondent’s knowledge on the function and experience of the selected tourism scenes. Respondents selected according to their knowledge of the selected tourism destinations regardless their nationality. From the photos gathered during the site survey, a final set of ten most preferred scenes by the respondents were finalized to be used in the study. It was found that respondent’s familiarity has become the contributing factor in influencing the most preferred scenes. The results point that highland landscapes were most preferred by the respondents regardless their origins ; mostly influenced by their perception on natural environment protection and the calmness feeling provided by the selected highland scenes.
Kecamatan Tangerang merupakan pusat perkembangan kota Tangerang yang merupakan kawasan permukiman... more Kecamatan Tangerang merupakan pusat perkembangan kota Tangerang yang merupakan kawasan permukiman, hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan pendudukan pada suatu kawasan. Peningkatan pertumbuhan penduduk dapat berpengaruh pada meningkatnya pembangunan. Pembangunan yang dimaksud yaitu pembangunan yang kurang seimbang karena penggunaan lahannya yang tidak diimbangi oleh penyediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau. Pertumbuhan penduduk dan kebutuhan akan permukiman di Kecamatan Tangerang terus meningkat. Hal ini berdampak pada rendahnya pemanfaatan lahan pada kawasan tersebut sebagai RTH. RTH Publik pada Kecamatan Tangerang belum mencukupi berdasarkan proyeksi jumlah penduduk untuk lima tahun ke depan, sedangkan keterbatasan lahan menjadi masalah untuk pengembangan RTH. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya suatu analisis terhadap kebutuhan dan ketersediaan lahan untuk RTH pada Kecamatan Tangerang dengan melakukan analisis perhitungan kebutuhan RTH Publik berdasarkan Permen PU No. 05 Tahun 2008 dan melak...
Pad a saat ini pendidikan Arsitektur Lansekap di Indonesia lebih berorientasi ke negara-negara Ba... more Pad a saat ini pendidikan Arsitektur Lansekap di Indonesia lebih berorientasi ke negara-negara Bara t. Meskipun banyak keuntungan dari situasi ini, namun masih kurangnya pembahasan tent ang kearifan /aka/ yang sangat penting untuk menonjo/kan identitas. Sasaran dari penu/isan - . aka lah ini adalah mencari ke mun gki nan menerapkan kearifan !aka/ dalam pendidikan Arsitektur _ an sekap pada masa depan di Indonesia. T ujuan dari penelitian ini adalah a) untuk ;r; en gidentifikasi norma Arsitektur Lansekap berdasarkan kearifan /aka/, b) untu k mengidentifikasi 'Je nga/aman dari praktisi Arsitek Lans eka p di Indonesia me/alui proyek-proyek lansekap mereka se baga i referensi dalam pendidikan lansekap. Dalam rangka mencapai tujuan tersebut, kajian pu sta ka d a n observasi te/ah dilakukan . Hasil studi menunjukan aspek /ingk ungan merupakan aid ah yang perlu dipertimbangkan didalam perancangan , perencanaan dan pengelo/a an _ansekap. Aspek lingkunga...
Many environmental designers are currently searching for better solution on reducing noise freque... more Many environmental designers are currently searching for better solution on reducing noise frequency levels in housing estates. Planting hedges as buffer is commonly done but the question is whether they serve the right function and purpose. In order to determine the plant performance, a sound level meter was used to detect noise reduction from commonly planted hedges in residential areas of Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur. The source of sound for measurement was from a grass trimmer that is commonly heard in residential areas. This paper highlights the performance of selected local plants in absorbing the noise frequency. A statistical analysis showed that hedges such as Baphia nitida and Bixa orellana of sufficient heights and length are promising and have a good potential in controlling sound levels. Ixora "sunkist" with small leaves and with more layers of planting also provides similar result. Until a controlled experimental study is carried out, this initial finding would...
Karawang merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Jawa Barat yang mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk ... more Karawang merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Jawa Barat yang mengalami peningkatan jumlah penduduk setiap tahunnya. Pertambahan jumlah penduduk yang terus meningkat disertai dengan peningkatan pendapatan per kapita masyarakat yang ada pada kota karawang telah mengakibatkan kebutuhan lahan semakin meningkat. sehingga banyak penduduk yang bermukim dan menetap di daerah Sempadan Sungai. Pada Daerah Sempadan Sungai Citarum di kawasan perkotaan Karawang sering mengalami permasalahan seperti banjir, erosi dan sedimentasi. Hal ini disebabkan penataan terhadap penggunaan lahan yang tidak sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Maka diperlukan evaluasi kesesuaian lahan terhadap penggunaan lahan pada daerah Sempadan Sungai Citarum untuk mengetahui penggunaan lahan yang sesuai berdasarkan kriteria dan peraturannya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis Overlay dan Skoring. Dari hasil analisis berdasarkan kondisi eksisting diperoleh 3 ruan...
In landscape, visual aspects are very important and contribute to our regional identity, while al... more In landscape, visual aspects are very important and contribute to our regional identity, while also giving value to the environment. In Indonesia, there are many tourism areas that are losing their visual attractiveness due to rapid development. This situation will affect the value of visual landscape. Based on this situation, it is imperative for visual landscape to be preserved. This study intends to evaluate visual landscape with an emphasis on preference, meaning, and economic value in relation to its preservation. This study uses a public preference method and as well as contingent valuation. 204 respondents were selected through convenience sampling among members of the public in Trisakti University to participate in a survey, where they were asked to rate their preference based on 50 photographs of landscapes in several tourism areas of Indonesia. They were required to provide their reasons for preference in closed and open-ended descriptions by choosing 5 scenes they preferr...
International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 2021
This study develops a model for students and graduates of Soft Skills, Hard Skills, and Competiti... more This study develops a model for students and graduates of Soft Skills, Hard Skills, and Competitiveness (SHC) and seeks user validation after the development process. The development process uses the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. A quantitative survey using questionnaires and descriptive quantitative analysis was applied in obtaining user validation as the study objective. The development results validated the students' SHC Development model, which has 3 main phases, including Input, Process and Output. The Input phase comprises course content, SHC component, and strategy of students' center approach. The Process phase consists of blended course design, instruction and students' engagement, and evaluation. The Output phase comprises soft and hard skills achievement, as well as students' competitiveness level. Users perceived the model's phases and components as wholly acceptable, appropriate, and applicable for imple...
K ej ahatan merupakan masalah besar dan telah menjadi kepedulian sosial terutama di daerah ro m e... more K ej ahatan merupakan masalah besar dan telah menjadi kepedulian sosial terutama di daerah ro m ersia l perkotaan di Malaysia. Berita mengenai kasus kejahatan terhadap property dan se rta kejahatan terhadap orang - orang seperti pembunuhan , pemerkosaan, pencurian dan pe m bakaran terdapat di muka surat kabar . Kejahatan ini terjadi karena adanya kesempatan :!a n potensi untuk melakukan kejahatan seperti adanya tempat - tempat yang tersebunyi , ak ses pintu keluar dan tidak adanya pencahayaan pada tempat - tempat tertentu. Kasus e j a hatan sering diselesaikan dengan penyelidikan yang memerlukan waktu panjang . .' a mun kejahatan dapat dikurangi melalui desain lingkungan yang effisien dan menerapkan :ek nik dan prinsip-prinsip secara langsung di perkotaan. Tuli san ini merupakan studi untuk 71 en cegah kejahatan dengan mengintegrasikan desain lingkung an di daer ah komersial ;;e rk otaan. Daerah penelitian di Berjaya nmes Square dan sekitarnya. Metoda yang ...
Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perbaikan lingkungan pemukiman tepi sun... more Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perbaikan lingkungan pemukiman tepi sungai para warga melalui penataan dan pemanfaatan tepi sungai sebagai area bersama warga, menampung aspirasi warga masyarakat terhadap pengembangan pemanfaatan tepi sungai melaui FGD (Forum Group Discussion) dan pelatihan bagi pengembangan area bersama bagi aktifitas rekreasi dan wadah kesempatan usaha mandiri. Untuk mencapai tujuan dan sasaran kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan, pelatihan dan FGD (Forum Group Discussion). Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini diharapkan terdapat beberapa usulan dari peserta untuk memanfaatkan area tepi sungai dengan beberapa kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan ini disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan PKM ini membantu menambah wawasan dan informasi untuk perumahan Bumi Telukjambe, Desa Sukaluyu Kec. Telukjambe Timur, Karawang Barat berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan lahan bantaran sungai bermanfaat untuk Ruang bersama dan Usaha Mandiri bagi Peningkatan Penghasilan Masy...
Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist ar... more Visual landscape is very important to promote a tourist destination. In Indonesia, the tourist area lost much of its visual appearance due to rapid development occurs. Therefore, the visual quality of the landscape need to be identified and quantified. The aim of this paper is to identify and to quantify the quality of the visual landscape in the tourist area of Bogor, Puncak Cianjur. This study uses a method Visual Resources Assessment Procedure (VRAP) (Richard C. Smardon, James F. Palmer, Alfred Knof and Kate Grinde, 1988), counting the total of visual elements such as water, vegetation, land surface, user activity as well as other considerations. The result of the calculation to get that Cisarua subdistrict has a high visual quality value, while the value of quality attraction Cibodas Botanical Garden has the highest value .Visual Landscape Management a). Visual Landscape management Zone a. Cipanas District entered in the class 1 category including preservation in the management ...
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