Cumene is an aromatic hydrocarbon, most important biofuel precursor, and demands 20% for benzene ... more Cumene is an aromatic hydrocarbon, most important biofuel precursor, and demands 20% for benzene production and most useful in refined fuels and crude oil production. The present study is intended to identify such biofuel precursors from the plant resources. The selected plant Celosia polygonoids was subjected to the spectroscopical analysis like UV and FTIR and the chromatographic techniques such as HPTLC, HPLC, and GC. The results of UV spectrum showed OD at 3.889, and the FTIR shows the chemical atoms stretching vibrations of-C = C (aromatic) at 1402.58 cm −1 ;-C = C (alkene) at 1620.28 cm −1 ; and-C-H (alkane) at 2925.54 cm −1. In HPTLC, significant R f value found at 1.18 in 254 and 366 nm and resulted apparent presence of aromatic hydrocarbons. The quantitative HPLC resulted three different peaks which shows maximum yield of aromatic hydrocarbons. In GC analysis, major 11 chemical entities are detected in different RT at 25 min, and the cumene was found at particular RT at 4.75. From the results, cumene (Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-) is the preferable chemical marker found in the C. polygonoids, and in the future, it can be used as a fuel precursor production. The present study is concluded that the plant C. polygonoids possesses wide range of cumene through the spectroscopical and chromatographic techniques.
Antibiotic resistance among Gram negative bacteria has become one of the major and serious clinic... more Antibiotic resistance among Gram negative bacteria has become one of the major and serious clinical and health problems globally. Increasing number of data regarding the identification of new species getting resistance to multiple drugs (Multi New Delhi Metallo antibiotics including Carbapenems become the most concern problem. Aim of this study was to identify the antibiotic susceptibility pattern by to detect the prevalence of Out of 39 isolates tested for antibiotic susceptibility pattern majority of the isolates were found to be resistant to Mero the presence of 1 Salmonella typhi Salmonella species in our study area and ongoing spread of shows the rapid spread of positive for bla NDM test. We also reported the clonal diversity among the carriage of NDM
A Simple, sensitive gradient RP determination of Treatment of postoperative inflammation and redu... more A Simple, sensitive gradient RP determination of Treatment of postoperative inflammation and reduction of ocular pain undergone cataract surgery. The developed method is applicable for the related substances degradation impurities estimation and achieved on a C18 stationary phase with simple mobile phase combination delivered in a gradient mode and quantification was carried out using Ultraviolet detection at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/minute. In the develope Sesquihydrate Regression analysis shows r sodium Sesquihydrat impurities of Bromfenac 180 µg/mL for a 25 µL injection volume. The method has shown good and consistent recoveries for Bromfenac (97.4-100.2%).
Entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana biological control agents against many insect pests. In... more Entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana biological control agents against many insect pests. In this study, the soil sample was collected from Western Ghats region in India and using the Galleria bait method. The recovered isolates were determine the antibacterial activity of B. subtills (ATTCC6099) of anti-bacterial activity and its efficacy. The crude extracts of an inhibiting activity of selective pathogens. Competitions of interaction between the entomopathogenic fungus and pathogens are due to the zone of inhibition. Significant of inhibitory activity was found on clear zone from differ (1mg/ml). The results suggest differential action of anti bacterial property of crude extract of B. bassiana depending upon the active compounds on the specific pathogens. The in have been done to evaluate particular toxin compound was found against human pathogens.
The water extracts of some traditionally used South Korean medicinal plants were screened for the... more The water extracts of some traditionally used South Korean medicinal plants were screened for their free radical scavenging properties using ascorbic acid and butylatedhydroxytoluene as standard antioxidants. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and reducing power assay method. The overall free radical scavenging activity of Cinnamomi Ramulus was the strongest, followed in descending order by Paeoniae Radix, Carthami Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Polygalae Radix, Percicae Semen, Acori Graminei Rhizoma, Angelicae Gigantis Radix and Astragali Radix. All the water extracts exhibited antioxidant activity significantly. The total phenolic and flavonoids concentrations in the above plants ranged from 11.12 to 61.84 mg/g and 5.47 to 14.74 mg/g of dry plant extract, respectively. The South Korean plant extracts have been showed promising antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, thus justifying their traditional use as potential antioxidant resource.
This study was undertaken to investigate the anti inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract o... more This study was undertaken to investigate the anti inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract of Salvia coccinea (AESL) by in vitro and in vivo. Membrane stability assay, protein denaturation inhibition assay were examined to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of AESL by in vitro. The in vivo anti inflammatory effect of AESL was studied against carrageenan induced inflammation at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. Ascorbic acid and indomethacin were used respectively as reference agents for comparison of in vitro and in vivo anti inflammatory studies. Phytochemical screening analysis results showed the presence of amino acids, cardio glycosides, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, terpenoids and tannins, The in vitro results showed that AESL significantly reduced the heat induced hemolysis of erythrocyte membrane and protein denaturation up to 90%. When studied for anti inflammatory activity, AESL showed dose dependent decrease in paw volume of carrageenan induced inflammation in Wistar Albino rats and showed significant protection compared to the positive control drug indomethacin. The results have been demonstrated that the anti inflammatory activity of Salvia coccinea and afford a rationale value for its medicinal uses in inflammatory diseases.
In several incidences revealed that a patient may suffer from more than one disease at a time. In... more In several incidences revealed that a patient may suffer from more than one disease at a time. In such conditions more than two drugs are used in the treatment of diseases. Hence, drug-drug interactions are unpredictable and unavoidable in multi-drug therapy. Diabetes mellitus is such a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism disturbances. The aim of this study is to investigate the safety, reliability of Valsartan on the anti diabetic effect of Gliclazide in normal and diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin 50mg/kg in rats. Blood samples were collected from tail vein at time intervals of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8h and blood glucose levels were estimated. Gliclazide produced hypoglycaemia activity in a dose dependent manner in normal and diabetic condition. From the results it is observed that in the presence of Valsartan, Gliclazide produced no early onset of action and maintained the anti diabetic activity in diabetes induced group. Hence, from the study it was concluded that the dose and/or frequency of Gliclazide administration have little or no effect when both the drugs have been used concomitantly.
Nature always stands as a golden mark to exemplify the outstanding phenomenon of symbiosis; also,... more Nature always stands as a golden mark to exemplify the outstanding phenomenon of symbiosis; also, the biotic and abiotic elements are interdependent. The plants are indispensable to human beings life; from the citation Medicinal plants were used in India for the past decades as an important therapeutic source for treating wide ailments and have been found to be of immense global importance. The phytochemicals are the wide variety of compounds produced by plants manipulated wisely in the pharmacognostic drug development and treatment to ailments. In the present study, the phytochemicals which exhibit hyper and antihyperglycemic effects were identified in Syzygium alternifolium qualtitative analysis.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the most notorious and resistant variation of... more Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the most notorious and resistant variation of Staphylococcus aureus has developed resistance to a number of β-lactam antibiotics, including methicillin. The present study aims at isolation and characterization of MRSA from pus of wound samples using PCR and assessment of antibacterial activity of crude extracts of V. negundo leaves. Isolates from pus samples were characterized phenotypically using standard laboratory procedures and genotypically using PCR for mecA gene. Anti-MRSA activity of the extracts was assessed by Disc Diffusion Method (DDM) and Minimal Inhibit ory Concentration (MIC) was determined using microdilution method. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of isolates revealed the presence of MRSA in the isolates. Screening of leaf extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 95µg and 80µg for ethanol and aqueous extract respectively. Both aqueous and ethanol extract of V. negundo leaves have pronounced effect against MRSA. This finding is noteworthy considering the importance of the organism. Although the nature of the active components responsible for this activity is not clear, it could be a promising antibacterial agent for use in MRSA infections.
Cyanobacteria are structurally diverse and widely distributed throughout the world and have prove... more Cyanobacteria are structurally diverse and widely distributed throughout the world and have proven their potential in several fields, particularly as new therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases. The antibacterial activity of 3 cyanobacterial species isolated from both marine and fresh water in Adirampattinam and Vellore were studied namely Spirulina subsalsa NTRI 02, Oscillatoria pseudogeminata NTRI 03 and Phormidium corium NTRI 04.The antibacterial activity was studied against the bacterial cultures like Escherichia coli (MTCC 2939), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96), Shigella sp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2453) and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Three solvents were used for Cyanobacterial extraction. Among these Acetone extract of Spirulina subsalsa NTRI02 and Ethanol extract of Oscillatoria pseudogeminata NTRI 03 showed high inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2453) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96) respectively. The results of this study revealed that these groups of organisms seem to be more potential for producing antimicrobial substances.
A convenient, selective and homogeneous electrolysis method was developed for the anodic acetoxyl... more A convenient, selective and homogeneous electrolysis method was developed for the anodic acetoxylation of biphenyl. Optimization studies were carried out on an undivided cell equipped with platinum anode and zinc cathode using a homogeneous electrolytic medium made up of acetonitrile solvent with a minimum amount of acetate salts as supporting electrolyte and zinc chloride at 30-35º C. This acetoxylation was achieved without acetic acid. The better yield (68%) was obtained when 2F of electricity was passed. The acetoxylation was also conducted in glacial acetic acid medium. Among the method reported so far this investigation is dealt with simple, efficient, and better way to the acetoxylation.
Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are the key proinflammatory cytokines... more Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are the key proinflammatory cytokines mainly involved in production of matrix-degrading enzymes and inflammatory mediators associated with osteoarthritis. In order to activate the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), these cytokines binds to their respective cell surface receptors which are the transcription factors that can be triggered by a host of stress-related stimuli such as extracellular matrix degradation and excessive mechanical stress. The NF-κB activation can regulates the expression of many adhesion molecules, cytokines, chemokines, matrix-degrading enzymes and inflammatory mediators. Thus, the targeting proinflammatory cytokines, their cell surface receptors, NF-κB and downstream signalling pathway components are therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Several studies have proven that the dietary supplements and herbal remedies are capable of inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and potentially treat the arthritis. Therefore, the plant-derived phytochemicals effectively attenuates the MMP-13 activation induced by IL-1β which degrade the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes. This review critically explain the recent literature evidences for the potential prophylactic properties of the plant-derived phytochemicals, which targets NF-κB signalling or inflammation in osteoarthritis to determine whether to use these phytochemicals as functional foods.
The various aspects of the electrochemical oxidation reactions of a series of p-substituted benza... more The various aspects of the electrochemical oxidation reactions of a series of p-substituted benzaldoximes to the corresponding aldehydes were studied by using platinum electrode in biphasic medium. The reactions were carried out with platinum electrodes at room temperature in an undivided cell within constant biphasic medium consisting of chloroform containing the p-substituted benzaldoxime and aqueous solution of potassium perchlorate as a mediator with a catalytic amount of H2SO4. The reaction of the oximes proceed via an electron-transfer mechanism. The iminoxy radical, an important intermediate, which is formed via an electron transfer-proton transfer sequence, paved the way for the formation of aldehydes. Product studies have shown that aldoximes react with the mediator to give the corresponding aldehydes in good yield.
The ultrasonic velocities, density, viscosity of binary mixtures such as cyclohexane with 1-Propa... more The ultrasonic velocities, density, viscosity of binary mixtures such as cyclohexane with 1-Propanol and 1 some of the acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (and free volume (V are useful for explaining the molecular interaction between the components of liquid mixtures.
The present study was convened to evaluate the protection efficacy of Datura metel and Anacardium... more The present study was convened to evaluate the protection efficacy of Datura metel and Anacardium occidentale methanolic extracts on free radical induced DNA damage. Methonolic extracts were extracted from Datura and Anacardium for screening of assorted phytochemicals, total phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, Lipid Peroxidation inhibition in sheep liver, DNA damage inhibition in herring sperm DNA, effect on plasmid DNA scission induced by hydroxyl radical were considered. Total phenolic and flavonoids were found noteworthy quantity in both extracts. Datura and Anacardium extracts were showed utmost DPPH radical scavenging activity about 85.34 and 83.36 % inhibition at 1000 g/mL concentration correspondingly. Diverse concentrations of both extracts exhibited the inhibition of lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO 4 in sheep liver homogenate in a concentration dependent manner. Methanolic extracts were prohibited the free radical mediated DNA damage in a various concentrations and highest at 1000 g/ml with 64.28 and 58.26 % inhibition. The shielding effect of methanol fractions (10μg/ml) on H 2 O 2 +UV-induced damage in pBR322 plasmid DNA showed considerable protection from radical induced DNA damage. In conclusion, the results consequently suggested that the plants under study can be used as potential cure for radical induced DNA damage and in turn can inhibit many correlated diseases as a result.
The experimental density () and viscosity () have been measured for ternary liquid mixtures of ... more The experimental density () and viscosity () have been measured for ternary liquid mixtures of 1,2-dichlorobenzene with benzyl chloride and cyclohexane at 308.15K. These data were used to determine the excess volume (V E), change in viscosity () and change in thermal expansion coefficient (). From these parameters the nature and the strength of interaction between the mixing liquids in the ternary mixtures are discussed.
A Simple, Selective, the quantitative determination of an dosage. The developed method is Efficie... more A Simple, Selective, the quantitative determination of an dosage. The developed method is Efficient chromatographic separation was achieved on a combination delivered in a detection at 220 nm wavelength well separated and it was found to be selective for the assay analysis of drug contents in finished dosage form. Regression analysis shows r both the drugs. This meth test concentration of respectively for a and consistent recoveries for (98.7%-101.0%
Use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the benefits of agriculture is gaining wor... more Use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the benefits of agriculture is gaining worldwide importance and acceptance and appears to be the trend for the future. Colonization of root system by PGPR implicates the production of phytohormones and other signals that lead, mostly, to enhanced lateral root branching and development of root hairs. PGPR also modify root functioning, improve plant nutrition and influence the physiology of the whole plant. Several substances produced by antagonistic rhizobacteria have been related to pathogen control and indirect promotion of growth in many plants, such as Siderophores and antibiotics. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants resembles pathogen-induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR) under conditions where the inducing bacteria and the challenging pathogen remain spatially separated. Recent studies provided first clues as to how PGPR signals could trigger these plant responses. In this paper, we address novel knowledge on PGPR modes of action and signals, and highlight recent progress on potentials of PGPR in reference to biological control and signal transduction mechanism.
The increased prevalence of obesity and associated co-morbidities are important public health con... more The increased prevalence of obesity and associated co-morbidities are important public health concerns of the 21 st century across the world. The present study aims to explore the distribution of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) among the obese and non-obese subjects. A total number of 245 individuals of both sexes, aged above 20 years were selected. The participants were interviewed with general health related questionnaire and meanwhile their physical and biomedical parameters including fasting blood sugars (FBS), postprandial blood glucose and total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL, HbA1c, insulin, hs-CRP and insulin resistance were measured. The median of hs-CRP was 4.6 in the oldest age group. No significant gender difference was observed between the above two groups. The prevalence of high cholesterol was found to be 173.1 mg in the older-aged group. Also, the level of LDL-C, VLDL and insulin was found to be increased in older-aged group. We also observed increased FBS and HOMA-IR in obese group with >40 years. Interestingly, the serum hs-CRP level correlated with many of the mentioned parameters in subjects with more than 40 years than normal individuals. The serum hs-CRP level may be usefully used to predict that obese individuals with above 40 years of age are prone to metabolic syndrome (MS) ailments including CVDs. The study suggested that the serum hs-CRP level could be used in the future revision criteria of MS for individuals with BMI >30 and age >40 years.
Cumene is an aromatic hydrocarbon, most important biofuel precursor, and demands 20% for benzene ... more Cumene is an aromatic hydrocarbon, most important biofuel precursor, and demands 20% for benzene production and most useful in refined fuels and crude oil production. The present study is intended to identify such biofuel precursors from the plant resources. The selected plant Celosia polygonoids was subjected to the spectroscopical analysis like UV and FTIR and the chromatographic techniques such as HPTLC, HPLC, and GC. The results of UV spectrum showed OD at 3.889, and the FTIR shows the chemical atoms stretching vibrations of-C = C (aromatic) at 1402.58 cm −1 ;-C = C (alkene) at 1620.28 cm −1 ; and-C-H (alkane) at 2925.54 cm −1. In HPTLC, significant R f value found at 1.18 in 254 and 366 nm and resulted apparent presence of aromatic hydrocarbons. The quantitative HPLC resulted three different peaks which shows maximum yield of aromatic hydrocarbons. In GC analysis, major 11 chemical entities are detected in different RT at 25 min, and the cumene was found at particular RT at 4.75. From the results, cumene (Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-) is the preferable chemical marker found in the C. polygonoids, and in the future, it can be used as a fuel precursor production. The present study is concluded that the plant C. polygonoids possesses wide range of cumene through the spectroscopical and chromatographic techniques.
Antibiotic resistance among Gram negative bacteria has become one of the major and serious clinic... more Antibiotic resistance among Gram negative bacteria has become one of the major and serious clinical and health problems globally. Increasing number of data regarding the identification of new species getting resistance to multiple drugs (Multi New Delhi Metallo antibiotics including Carbapenems become the most concern problem. Aim of this study was to identify the antibiotic susceptibility pattern by to detect the prevalence of Out of 39 isolates tested for antibiotic susceptibility pattern majority of the isolates were found to be resistant to Mero the presence of 1 Salmonella typhi Salmonella species in our study area and ongoing spread of shows the rapid spread of positive for bla NDM test. We also reported the clonal diversity among the carriage of NDM
A Simple, sensitive gradient RP determination of Treatment of postoperative inflammation and redu... more A Simple, sensitive gradient RP determination of Treatment of postoperative inflammation and reduction of ocular pain undergone cataract surgery. The developed method is applicable for the related substances degradation impurities estimation and achieved on a C18 stationary phase with simple mobile phase combination delivered in a gradient mode and quantification was carried out using Ultraviolet detection at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/minute. In the develope Sesquihydrate Regression analysis shows r sodium Sesquihydrat impurities of Bromfenac 180 µg/mL for a 25 µL injection volume. The method has shown good and consistent recoveries for Bromfenac (97.4-100.2%).
Entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana biological control agents against many insect pests. In... more Entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana biological control agents against many insect pests. In this study, the soil sample was collected from Western Ghats region in India and using the Galleria bait method. The recovered isolates were determine the antibacterial activity of B. subtills (ATTCC6099) of anti-bacterial activity and its efficacy. The crude extracts of an inhibiting activity of selective pathogens. Competitions of interaction between the entomopathogenic fungus and pathogens are due to the zone of inhibition. Significant of inhibitory activity was found on clear zone from differ (1mg/ml). The results suggest differential action of anti bacterial property of crude extract of B. bassiana depending upon the active compounds on the specific pathogens. The in have been done to evaluate particular toxin compound was found against human pathogens.
The water extracts of some traditionally used South Korean medicinal plants were screened for the... more The water extracts of some traditionally used South Korean medicinal plants were screened for their free radical scavenging properties using ascorbic acid and butylatedhydroxytoluene as standard antioxidants. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and reducing power assay method. The overall free radical scavenging activity of Cinnamomi Ramulus was the strongest, followed in descending order by Paeoniae Radix, Carthami Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Polygalae Radix, Percicae Semen, Acori Graminei Rhizoma, Angelicae Gigantis Radix and Astragali Radix. All the water extracts exhibited antioxidant activity significantly. The total phenolic and flavonoids concentrations in the above plants ranged from 11.12 to 61.84 mg/g and 5.47 to 14.74 mg/g of dry plant extract, respectively. The South Korean plant extracts have been showed promising antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, thus justifying their traditional use as potential antioxidant resource.
This study was undertaken to investigate the anti inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract o... more This study was undertaken to investigate the anti inflammatory activity of aqueous leaf extract of Salvia coccinea (AESL) by in vitro and in vivo. Membrane stability assay, protein denaturation inhibition assay were examined to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of AESL by in vitro. The in vivo anti inflammatory effect of AESL was studied against carrageenan induced inflammation at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. Ascorbic acid and indomethacin were used respectively as reference agents for comparison of in vitro and in vivo anti inflammatory studies. Phytochemical screening analysis results showed the presence of amino acids, cardio glycosides, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, terpenoids and tannins, The in vitro results showed that AESL significantly reduced the heat induced hemolysis of erythrocyte membrane and protein denaturation up to 90%. When studied for anti inflammatory activity, AESL showed dose dependent decrease in paw volume of carrageenan induced inflammation in Wistar Albino rats and showed significant protection compared to the positive control drug indomethacin. The results have been demonstrated that the anti inflammatory activity of Salvia coccinea and afford a rationale value for its medicinal uses in inflammatory diseases.
In several incidences revealed that a patient may suffer from more than one disease at a time. In... more In several incidences revealed that a patient may suffer from more than one disease at a time. In such conditions more than two drugs are used in the treatment of diseases. Hence, drug-drug interactions are unpredictable and unavoidable in multi-drug therapy. Diabetes mellitus is such a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism disturbances. The aim of this study is to investigate the safety, reliability of Valsartan on the anti diabetic effect of Gliclazide in normal and diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin 50mg/kg in rats. Blood samples were collected from tail vein at time intervals of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8h and blood glucose levels were estimated. Gliclazide produced hypoglycaemia activity in a dose dependent manner in normal and diabetic condition. From the results it is observed that in the presence of Valsartan, Gliclazide produced no early onset of action and maintained the anti diabetic activity in diabetes induced group. Hence, from the study it was concluded that the dose and/or frequency of Gliclazide administration have little or no effect when both the drugs have been used concomitantly.
Nature always stands as a golden mark to exemplify the outstanding phenomenon of symbiosis; also,... more Nature always stands as a golden mark to exemplify the outstanding phenomenon of symbiosis; also, the biotic and abiotic elements are interdependent. The plants are indispensable to human beings life; from the citation Medicinal plants were used in India for the past decades as an important therapeutic source for treating wide ailments and have been found to be of immense global importance. The phytochemicals are the wide variety of compounds produced by plants manipulated wisely in the pharmacognostic drug development and treatment to ailments. In the present study, the phytochemicals which exhibit hyper and antihyperglycemic effects were identified in Syzygium alternifolium qualtitative analysis.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the most notorious and resistant variation of... more Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the most notorious and resistant variation of Staphylococcus aureus has developed resistance to a number of β-lactam antibiotics, including methicillin. The present study aims at isolation and characterization of MRSA from pus of wound samples using PCR and assessment of antibacterial activity of crude extracts of V. negundo leaves. Isolates from pus samples were characterized phenotypically using standard laboratory procedures and genotypically using PCR for mecA gene. Anti-MRSA activity of the extracts was assessed by Disc Diffusion Method (DDM) and Minimal Inhibit ory Concentration (MIC) was determined using microdilution method. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of isolates revealed the presence of MRSA in the isolates. Screening of leaf extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 95µg and 80µg for ethanol and aqueous extract respectively. Both aqueous and ethanol extract of V. negundo leaves have pronounced effect against MRSA. This finding is noteworthy considering the importance of the organism. Although the nature of the active components responsible for this activity is not clear, it could be a promising antibacterial agent for use in MRSA infections.
Cyanobacteria are structurally diverse and widely distributed throughout the world and have prove... more Cyanobacteria are structurally diverse and widely distributed throughout the world and have proven their potential in several fields, particularly as new therapeutic agents for a variety of diseases. The antibacterial activity of 3 cyanobacterial species isolated from both marine and fresh water in Adirampattinam and Vellore were studied namely Spirulina subsalsa NTRI 02, Oscillatoria pseudogeminata NTRI 03 and Phormidium corium NTRI 04.The antibacterial activity was studied against the bacterial cultures like Escherichia coli (MTCC 2939), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96), Shigella sp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2453) and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Three solvents were used for Cyanobacterial extraction. Among these Acetone extract of Spirulina subsalsa NTRI02 and Ethanol extract of Oscillatoria pseudogeminata NTRI 03 showed high inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2453) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96) respectively. The results of this study revealed that these groups of organisms seem to be more potential for producing antimicrobial substances.
A convenient, selective and homogeneous electrolysis method was developed for the anodic acetoxyl... more A convenient, selective and homogeneous electrolysis method was developed for the anodic acetoxylation of biphenyl. Optimization studies were carried out on an undivided cell equipped with platinum anode and zinc cathode using a homogeneous electrolytic medium made up of acetonitrile solvent with a minimum amount of acetate salts as supporting electrolyte and zinc chloride at 30-35º C. This acetoxylation was achieved without acetic acid. The better yield (68%) was obtained when 2F of electricity was passed. The acetoxylation was also conducted in glacial acetic acid medium. Among the method reported so far this investigation is dealt with simple, efficient, and better way to the acetoxylation.
Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are the key proinflammatory cytokines... more Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are the key proinflammatory cytokines mainly involved in production of matrix-degrading enzymes and inflammatory mediators associated with osteoarthritis. In order to activate the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), these cytokines binds to their respective cell surface receptors which are the transcription factors that can be triggered by a host of stress-related stimuli such as extracellular matrix degradation and excessive mechanical stress. The NF-κB activation can regulates the expression of many adhesion molecules, cytokines, chemokines, matrix-degrading enzymes and inflammatory mediators. Thus, the targeting proinflammatory cytokines, their cell surface receptors, NF-κB and downstream signalling pathway components are therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Several studies have proven that the dietary supplements and herbal remedies are capable of inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and potentially treat the arthritis. Therefore, the plant-derived phytochemicals effectively attenuates the MMP-13 activation induced by IL-1β which degrade the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes. This review critically explain the recent literature evidences for the potential prophylactic properties of the plant-derived phytochemicals, which targets NF-κB signalling or inflammation in osteoarthritis to determine whether to use these phytochemicals as functional foods.
The various aspects of the electrochemical oxidation reactions of a series of p-substituted benza... more The various aspects of the electrochemical oxidation reactions of a series of p-substituted benzaldoximes to the corresponding aldehydes were studied by using platinum electrode in biphasic medium. The reactions were carried out with platinum electrodes at room temperature in an undivided cell within constant biphasic medium consisting of chloroform containing the p-substituted benzaldoxime and aqueous solution of potassium perchlorate as a mediator with a catalytic amount of H2SO4. The reaction of the oximes proceed via an electron-transfer mechanism. The iminoxy radical, an important intermediate, which is formed via an electron transfer-proton transfer sequence, paved the way for the formation of aldehydes. Product studies have shown that aldoximes react with the mediator to give the corresponding aldehydes in good yield.
The ultrasonic velocities, density, viscosity of binary mixtures such as cyclohexane with 1-Propa... more The ultrasonic velocities, density, viscosity of binary mixtures such as cyclohexane with 1-Propanol and 1 some of the acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (and free volume (V are useful for explaining the molecular interaction between the components of liquid mixtures.
The present study was convened to evaluate the protection efficacy of Datura metel and Anacardium... more The present study was convened to evaluate the protection efficacy of Datura metel and Anacardium occidentale methanolic extracts on free radical induced DNA damage. Methonolic extracts were extracted from Datura and Anacardium for screening of assorted phytochemicals, total phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, Lipid Peroxidation inhibition in sheep liver, DNA damage inhibition in herring sperm DNA, effect on plasmid DNA scission induced by hydroxyl radical were considered. Total phenolic and flavonoids were found noteworthy quantity in both extracts. Datura and Anacardium extracts were showed utmost DPPH radical scavenging activity about 85.34 and 83.36 % inhibition at 1000 g/mL concentration correspondingly. Diverse concentrations of both extracts exhibited the inhibition of lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO 4 in sheep liver homogenate in a concentration dependent manner. Methanolic extracts were prohibited the free radical mediated DNA damage in a various concentrations and highest at 1000 g/ml with 64.28 and 58.26 % inhibition. The shielding effect of methanol fractions (10μg/ml) on H 2 O 2 +UV-induced damage in pBR322 plasmid DNA showed considerable protection from radical induced DNA damage. In conclusion, the results consequently suggested that the plants under study can be used as potential cure for radical induced DNA damage and in turn can inhibit many correlated diseases as a result.
The experimental density () and viscosity () have been measured for ternary liquid mixtures of ... more The experimental density () and viscosity () have been measured for ternary liquid mixtures of 1,2-dichlorobenzene with benzyl chloride and cyclohexane at 308.15K. These data were used to determine the excess volume (V E), change in viscosity () and change in thermal expansion coefficient (). From these parameters the nature and the strength of interaction between the mixing liquids in the ternary mixtures are discussed.
A Simple, Selective, the quantitative determination of an dosage. The developed method is Efficie... more A Simple, Selective, the quantitative determination of an dosage. The developed method is Efficient chromatographic separation was achieved on a combination delivered in a detection at 220 nm wavelength well separated and it was found to be selective for the assay analysis of drug contents in finished dosage form. Regression analysis shows r both the drugs. This meth test concentration of respectively for a and consistent recoveries for (98.7%-101.0%
Use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the benefits of agriculture is gaining wor... more Use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the benefits of agriculture is gaining worldwide importance and acceptance and appears to be the trend for the future. Colonization of root system by PGPR implicates the production of phytohormones and other signals that lead, mostly, to enhanced lateral root branching and development of root hairs. PGPR also modify root functioning, improve plant nutrition and influence the physiology of the whole plant. Several substances produced by antagonistic rhizobacteria have been related to pathogen control and indirect promotion of growth in many plants, such as Siderophores and antibiotics. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants resembles pathogen-induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR) under conditions where the inducing bacteria and the challenging pathogen remain spatially separated. Recent studies provided first clues as to how PGPR signals could trigger these plant responses. In this paper, we address novel knowledge on PGPR modes of action and signals, and highlight recent progress on potentials of PGPR in reference to biological control and signal transduction mechanism.
The increased prevalence of obesity and associated co-morbidities are important public health con... more The increased prevalence of obesity and associated co-morbidities are important public health concerns of the 21 st century across the world. The present study aims to explore the distribution of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) among the obese and non-obese subjects. A total number of 245 individuals of both sexes, aged above 20 years were selected. The participants were interviewed with general health related questionnaire and meanwhile their physical and biomedical parameters including fasting blood sugars (FBS), postprandial blood glucose and total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, LDL-C, VLDL, HbA1c, insulin, hs-CRP and insulin resistance were measured. The median of hs-CRP was 4.6 in the oldest age group. No significant gender difference was observed between the above two groups. The prevalence of high cholesterol was found to be 173.1 mg in the older-aged group. Also, the level of LDL-C, VLDL and insulin was found to be increased in older-aged group. We also observed increased FBS and HOMA-IR in obese group with >40 years. Interestingly, the serum hs-CRP level correlated with many of the mentioned parameters in subjects with more than 40 years than normal individuals. The serum hs-CRP level may be usefully used to predict that obese individuals with above 40 years of age are prone to metabolic syndrome (MS) ailments including CVDs. The study suggested that the serum hs-CRP level could be used in the future revision criteria of MS for individuals with BMI >30 and age >40 years.
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Papers by International Journal Medicobiological Research