This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the a... more This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Abstract Background To facilitate inclusive healthcare and increase cultural capabilities, health... more Abstract Background To facilitate inclusive healthcare and increase cultural capabilities, health professions students require authentic interprofessional learning experiences that challenge their social, professional, and historical positioning. Tag Team Simulation (TTS) is an innovative approach to develop students’ interprofessional collaboration and cultural competency for working with Aboriginal people. Method Co-designed and delivered by Aboriginal people and an interdisciplinary team of health professions academics, this pilot aimed to: (a) evaluate the effect of TTS on students’ self-rated cultural capabilities (Cultural Capabilities Measurement Tool) and interprofessional attitudes (Interprofessional Attitude Scale), and (b) explore students’ simulation learning experience. Results Students’ respect, communication, and safety and quality scores on the Cultural Capabilities Measurement Tool were significantly higher post simulation, as were their Interprofessional Attitude Scale scores. Students experienced the simulation as authentic and effective in advancing their communication skills and cultural understanding. Conclusions This co-designed interprofessional simulation improved health professions students’ self-rated cultural capabilities and interprofessional attitudes. Coupled with positive student feedback, results indicate that TTS is an innovative simulation method for building cultural competence in health professions students across disciplines.
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a complex process for many additive manufacturing practitioner... more Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a complex process for many additive manufacturing practitioners as it involves selection of a large number of intervening process conditions to produce quality products to meet customer needs and achieve competitive advantages. Understanding the effect of operating conditions on the mechanical properties of FDM printed parts is an important task as they influence the functionality of the products. The growing demand for use of Polycarbonate /Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (PC-ABS) alloys in the production of automotive components led to the need for understanding the creep deformation performance of processed material and product under various processing parameters. This study investigates the effect of FDM process conditions on creep deformation behaviour. A systematic study through definitive screening design and statistical analysis was carried out in order to correlate the FDM processing parameters with the performance of PCABS alloys. In this study, the regression model was developed for the calculation of the processing parameters in FDM of PC-ABS products and gives technical information for the determination of which process parameters are the best to use for practical purposes.
Two early childhood development aspects: carer involvement with children, and their ownership of ... more Two early childhood development aspects: carer involvement with children, and their ownership of age‐appropriate books, were evaluated. Children aged 0–4 years from Bangladesh, extracted from population‐based Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, were assessed using survey adjusted logistic regression models and district‐wise spatial distribution. Among 13 806 children, 11.2% had no shared activities with carers, and 60.7% had at least four shared activities. Among 22 796 children, 27.4% owned at least one book. Higher carer–child shared activities and more child‐friendly books in households were observed in the Western part of Bangladesh. Children from higher socioeconomic households with educated mothers and greater exposure to media, had higher carer–child interaction and greater availability of books. These findings can aid policies targeting psychological and cognitive development of children in Bangladesh.
A zirconia-mullite-spinel based composite system was synthesized by a non-conventional route. Zir... more A zirconia-mullite-spinel based composite system was synthesized by a non-conventional route. Zircon flour, reactive alumina and light calcined magnesia were used to prepare the precursor material. The compacted powder mix was fired at different temperatures (approx. 1440, 1500 and 1600 °C). Remarkable density was achieved in the sintered compacts. Their compressive strength increased with increasing zirconia contents and sintering temperatures, while porosities were found to vary as a function of the batch composition. The properties were related to the microstructure and phase distribution in the sintered compacts.
Background: Minimizing raw salt and increasing fruit consumption are important factors for contro... more Background: Minimizing raw salt and increasing fruit consumption are important factors for controlling blood pressure. The study aimed to investigate the following associations: (i) the association between socio-demographic characteristics and awareness of, and attitudes towards, raw salt and fruit consumption and (ii) the association between salt and fruit consumption and blood pressure. Methods: In a cluster-RCT, 307 adults, aged 30 to 75 years, with hypertension were recruited in 2021. Blood pressure was the primary outcome, and knowledge, attitudes and intakes of raw salt and fruit were secondary outcomes. Results: Of the participants, 271 (78.5%) consumed raw salt. More than 80% of the participants knew that reduced raw salt was good for controlling blood pressure and almost everyone knew that fruits and vegetables were good for health. Despite this, 95% of the participants had a habit of eating fruit irregularly. A lower proportion (64%) of the participants having at least a s...
Sustainable Development Goal 3 focuses on reducing HIV/AIDS spread, for which disseminating corre... more Sustainable Development Goal 3 focuses on reducing HIV/AIDS spread, for which disseminating correct information on the disease is required. This study investigated factors associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge among women in several Asian LMICs. Global Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey-6 (MICS-6) for Bangladesh, Lao, Mongolia and Nepal were assessed. Bivariate analysis and generalised linear regression models were fitted. Overall, 60% of the respondents were aware or heard of the existence of HIV/AIDS, with 63.2% having transmission knowledge and 80.4% misconception knowledge. Results revealed that several demographic factors such as wealth index, education and access to information had a significant association with HIV/AIDS knowledge. Mongolia and Nepal have formal programmes in place that may provide policy and implementation advantages compared to Bangladesh and Lao.
Background Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.7 concerns modern contraception use among women o... more Background Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.7 concerns modern contraception use among women of reproductive ages. This study evaluated the progress of indicator 3.7.1 in 11 selected countries in South and South-East Asia and assessed the contribution of women’s education to modern contraceptive use. Methods Generalized linear models for complex surveys were fitted to Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 40 surveys conducted in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines and Timor Leste between 1990 and 2017, followed by a meta-analysis through forest plots. Results Modern contraceptive coverage in most of the selected countries climbed or remained stationary over the past decades. In four countries, <50% of women used contraception. In no country was contraception used by ≥80% women. Higher education was associated with 13% higher odds of modern contraceptive use (95% confidence interval: 1.07, 1.18) among wome...
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.1 is to “reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR... more The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.1 is to “reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70 per 100,000 live births” by 2030. One of the indicators of MMR is the proportion of births attended by a skilled health personnel. To achieve this goal low- and middle-income countries are required to increase the coverage of skilled birth attendants (SBA) for safe delivery during childbirth. This study used the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data and assessed 1,171,731 women aged 15–49 years from 10 countries selected from South and Southeast Asian (SSEA) region to evaluate the status of SDG 3.1 in this region. This paper also evaluated the contribution of women’s education on SBA coverage using surveys conducted during the period 1992–2017. Logistic regression models were fitted adjusting the survey clusters, strata and sampling weights. Meta-analyses were conducted collapsing the effect sizes and confidence intervals of education on SBA coverage. Cambodia, Indo...
Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) rely on the qual... more Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) rely on the quality of manufactured products and the process capability. Currently, the dimensional accuracy and stability of any AM process is essential for ensuring that customer specifications are satisfied at the highest standard, and variations are controlled without significantly affecting the functioning of processes, machines, and product structures. This study aims to investigate the effects of FDM fabrication conditions on the dimensional accuracy of cylindrical parts. In this study, a new class of experimental design techniques for integrated second-order definitive screening design (DSD) and an artificial neural network (ANN) are proposed for designing experiments to evaluate and predict the effects of six important operating variables. By determining the optimum fabrication conditions to obtain better dimensional accuracies for cylindrical parts, the time consumption and number of complex e...
Statistical consultants often play the role of collaborators on grants and tenders. This means th... more Statistical consultants often play the role of collaborators on grants and tenders. This means that they need to be trained in much more than just statistics. In particular, statistical consultants need to have experience with the processes for grant and tender applications, collaboration and reporting. However, unlike other researchers, statistical consultants also have to work with many individual clients, and juggle numerous projects often from very different areas and disciplines. Thus statistical consultants need a diverse knowledge of statistical methodologies, software, data and disciplines or content areas. These complexities have been recognised in a new statistical consulting subject within Swinburne University’s post graduate MSc (Applied Statistics). This challenge has been met with a mix of lectures presented predominantly by applied statisticians specialising in a variety of important areas (such as health, social studies, psychology, marketing and management), routine...
This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the a... more This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Abstract Background To facilitate inclusive healthcare and increase cultural capabilities, health... more Abstract Background To facilitate inclusive healthcare and increase cultural capabilities, health professions students require authentic interprofessional learning experiences that challenge their social, professional, and historical positioning. Tag Team Simulation (TTS) is an innovative approach to develop students’ interprofessional collaboration and cultural competency for working with Aboriginal people. Method Co-designed and delivered by Aboriginal people and an interdisciplinary team of health professions academics, this pilot aimed to: (a) evaluate the effect of TTS on students’ self-rated cultural capabilities (Cultural Capabilities Measurement Tool) and interprofessional attitudes (Interprofessional Attitude Scale), and (b) explore students’ simulation learning experience. Results Students’ respect, communication, and safety and quality scores on the Cultural Capabilities Measurement Tool were significantly higher post simulation, as were their Interprofessional Attitude Scale scores. Students experienced the simulation as authentic and effective in advancing their communication skills and cultural understanding. Conclusions This co-designed interprofessional simulation improved health professions students’ self-rated cultural capabilities and interprofessional attitudes. Coupled with positive student feedback, results indicate that TTS is an innovative simulation method for building cultural competence in health professions students across disciplines.
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a complex process for many additive manufacturing practitioner... more Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a complex process for many additive manufacturing practitioners as it involves selection of a large number of intervening process conditions to produce quality products to meet customer needs and achieve competitive advantages. Understanding the effect of operating conditions on the mechanical properties of FDM printed parts is an important task as they influence the functionality of the products. The growing demand for use of Polycarbonate /Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (PC-ABS) alloys in the production of automotive components led to the need for understanding the creep deformation performance of processed material and product under various processing parameters. This study investigates the effect of FDM process conditions on creep deformation behaviour. A systematic study through definitive screening design and statistical analysis was carried out in order to correlate the FDM processing parameters with the performance of PCABS alloys. In this study, the regression model was developed for the calculation of the processing parameters in FDM of PC-ABS products and gives technical information for the determination of which process parameters are the best to use for practical purposes.
Two early childhood development aspects: carer involvement with children, and their ownership of ... more Two early childhood development aspects: carer involvement with children, and their ownership of age‐appropriate books, were evaluated. Children aged 0–4 years from Bangladesh, extracted from population‐based Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, were assessed using survey adjusted logistic regression models and district‐wise spatial distribution. Among 13 806 children, 11.2% had no shared activities with carers, and 60.7% had at least four shared activities. Among 22 796 children, 27.4% owned at least one book. Higher carer–child shared activities and more child‐friendly books in households were observed in the Western part of Bangladesh. Children from higher socioeconomic households with educated mothers and greater exposure to media, had higher carer–child interaction and greater availability of books. These findings can aid policies targeting psychological and cognitive development of children in Bangladesh.
A zirconia-mullite-spinel based composite system was synthesized by a non-conventional route. Zir... more A zirconia-mullite-spinel based composite system was synthesized by a non-conventional route. Zircon flour, reactive alumina and light calcined magnesia were used to prepare the precursor material. The compacted powder mix was fired at different temperatures (approx. 1440, 1500 and 1600 °C). Remarkable density was achieved in the sintered compacts. Their compressive strength increased with increasing zirconia contents and sintering temperatures, while porosities were found to vary as a function of the batch composition. The properties were related to the microstructure and phase distribution in the sintered compacts.
Background: Minimizing raw salt and increasing fruit consumption are important factors for contro... more Background: Minimizing raw salt and increasing fruit consumption are important factors for controlling blood pressure. The study aimed to investigate the following associations: (i) the association between socio-demographic characteristics and awareness of, and attitudes towards, raw salt and fruit consumption and (ii) the association between salt and fruit consumption and blood pressure. Methods: In a cluster-RCT, 307 adults, aged 30 to 75 years, with hypertension were recruited in 2021. Blood pressure was the primary outcome, and knowledge, attitudes and intakes of raw salt and fruit were secondary outcomes. Results: Of the participants, 271 (78.5%) consumed raw salt. More than 80% of the participants knew that reduced raw salt was good for controlling blood pressure and almost everyone knew that fruits and vegetables were good for health. Despite this, 95% of the participants had a habit of eating fruit irregularly. A lower proportion (64%) of the participants having at least a s...
Sustainable Development Goal 3 focuses on reducing HIV/AIDS spread, for which disseminating corre... more Sustainable Development Goal 3 focuses on reducing HIV/AIDS spread, for which disseminating correct information on the disease is required. This study investigated factors associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge among women in several Asian LMICs. Global Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey-6 (MICS-6) for Bangladesh, Lao, Mongolia and Nepal were assessed. Bivariate analysis and generalised linear regression models were fitted. Overall, 60% of the respondents were aware or heard of the existence of HIV/AIDS, with 63.2% having transmission knowledge and 80.4% misconception knowledge. Results revealed that several demographic factors such as wealth index, education and access to information had a significant association with HIV/AIDS knowledge. Mongolia and Nepal have formal programmes in place that may provide policy and implementation advantages compared to Bangladesh and Lao.
Background Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.7 concerns modern contraception use among women o... more Background Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.7 concerns modern contraception use among women of reproductive ages. This study evaluated the progress of indicator 3.7.1 in 11 selected countries in South and South-East Asia and assessed the contribution of women’s education to modern contraceptive use. Methods Generalized linear models for complex surveys were fitted to Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 40 surveys conducted in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines and Timor Leste between 1990 and 2017, followed by a meta-analysis through forest plots. Results Modern contraceptive coverage in most of the selected countries climbed or remained stationary over the past decades. In four countries, <50% of women used contraception. In no country was contraception used by ≥80% women. Higher education was associated with 13% higher odds of modern contraceptive use (95% confidence interval: 1.07, 1.18) among wome...
The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.1 is to “reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR... more The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.1 is to “reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70 per 100,000 live births” by 2030. One of the indicators of MMR is the proportion of births attended by a skilled health personnel. To achieve this goal low- and middle-income countries are required to increase the coverage of skilled birth attendants (SBA) for safe delivery during childbirth. This study used the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data and assessed 1,171,731 women aged 15–49 years from 10 countries selected from South and Southeast Asian (SSEA) region to evaluate the status of SDG 3.1 in this region. This paper also evaluated the contribution of women’s education on SBA coverage using surveys conducted during the period 1992–2017. Logistic regression models were fitted adjusting the survey clusters, strata and sampling weights. Meta-analyses were conducted collapsing the effect sizes and confidence intervals of education on SBA coverage. Cambodia, Indo...
Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) rely on the qual... more Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as fused deposition modeling (FDM) rely on the quality of manufactured products and the process capability. Currently, the dimensional accuracy and stability of any AM process is essential for ensuring that customer specifications are satisfied at the highest standard, and variations are controlled without significantly affecting the functioning of processes, machines, and product structures. This study aims to investigate the effects of FDM fabrication conditions on the dimensional accuracy of cylindrical parts. In this study, a new class of experimental design techniques for integrated second-order definitive screening design (DSD) and an artificial neural network (ANN) are proposed for designing experiments to evaluate and predict the effects of six important operating variables. By determining the optimum fabrication conditions to obtain better dimensional accuracies for cylindrical parts, the time consumption and number of complex e...
Statistical consultants often play the role of collaborators on grants and tenders. This means th... more Statistical consultants often play the role of collaborators on grants and tenders. This means that they need to be trained in much more than just statistics. In particular, statistical consultants need to have experience with the processes for grant and tender applications, collaboration and reporting. However, unlike other researchers, statistical consultants also have to work with many individual clients, and juggle numerous projects often from very different areas and disciplines. Thus statistical consultants need a diverse knowledge of statistical methodologies, software, data and disciplines or content areas. These complexities have been recognised in a new statistical consulting subject within Swinburne University’s post graduate MSc (Applied Statistics). This challenge has been met with a mix of lectures presented predominantly by applied statisticians specialising in a variety of important areas (such as health, social studies, psychology, marketing and management), routine...
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