Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, Jan 18, 2014
The development and course of the subtypes of peer victimization is a relatively understudied top... more The development and course of the subtypes of peer victimization is a relatively understudied topic despite the association of victimization with important developmental and clinical outcomes. Moreover, understanding potential predictors, such as peer rejection and emotion regulation, in early childhood may be especially important to elucidate possible bidirectional pathways between relational and physical victimization and rejection. The current study (N = 97) was designed to explore several gaps and limitations in the peer victimization and peer rejection literature. In particular, the prospective associations between relational and physical victimization and peer rejection over the course of 3.5 months during early childhood (i.e., 3 to 5 years old) were investigated in an integrated model. The study consisted of 97 (42 girls) preschool children recruited from four early childhood schools in the northeast of the United States. Using observations, research assistant report, and te...
ABSTRACT The child development literature gives a resounding affirmation that parents matter in i... more ABSTRACT The child development literature gives a resounding affirmation that parents matter in instances when a child is bullying others or being victimized. However, not all actions taken by parents are effective, and at the same time, some parents may elect to respond to children's bullying with inaction. We briefly present advice and information for parents as to the importance of their involvement, and seek to identify the ways of getting involved that might be most helpful. Aspects of the theoretical and empirical literature concerning parental responses to bullying are reviewed. A summary is then given of some common recommendations for parents made by current online resources. Next, we describe legal issues that are important for parents to know, and end by highlighting some specific areas where more research is needed.
ABSTRACT The school classroom and playground provide an important context for learning about youn... more ABSTRACT The school classroom and playground provide an important context for learning about young children's social interactions. A multimethod, multiinformant, short-term longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the utility of including school-based observational assessments of both form (i.e., physical and relational) and function (i.e., proactive and reactive) of aggressive behavior at school with a young sample during early childhood (132 children; M = 44.37 months; SD = 9.88). The study revealed low intercorrelations between observed proactive and reactive functions of aggression and low to moderate levels of stability. Based on 160 min of observation per child for an academic year, the findings revealed that boys are more physically aggressive to peers than are girls, whereas girls are more relationally aggressive than are boys. The results provide evidence for the differential association between aggression categories and future social-psychological adjustment constructs with particular relevancy for school contexts (i.e., peer rejection and student-teacher conflict). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2010
This study examined the association between parents&a... more This study examined the association between parents' alcoholism and peer bullying and victimization in middle childhood in 162 community-recruited families (80 girls and 82 boys) with and without alcohol problems. Toddler-mother attachment was assessed at 18 months of child age, and child reports of peer bullying and victimization were obtained in 4th grade. There was a direct association between fathers' alcohol symptoms and bullying of peers, as well as indirect association via toddler-mother attachment security. Multiple group models indicated that the direct association between parents' alcohol symptoms and bullying was significant for boys but not girls. The association between maternal alcohol symptoms and bullying was significant for secure but not insecure boys or secure/insecure girls. The association between fathers' alcohol symptoms and bullying was significant for insecure boys but not secure boys or secure/insecure girls.
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2008
A short-term longitudinal study examined relational and physical aggression and deceptive behavio... more A short-term longitudinal study examined relational and physical aggression and deceptive behavior among 120 preschool-aged children (M = 44.36 months old, SD = 11.07). Multiple informants and methods (i.e., observational, teacher reports) were used. Evidence for discriminant validity of the observations of aggression subtypes was found. For example, observations of relational aggression were more highly associated with teacher reports of relational aggression than teacher reports of physical aggression. Observed relational aggression was significantly associated with concurrent and prospective increases in deceptive behavior, even after controlling for gender and observed physical aggression. In addition, observed relational aggression was a unique significant predictor of concurrent deception, above and beyond teacher reports of aggression subtypes, which provides important support for the utility of the observational methods.
Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53, Jan 18, 2014
The development and course of the subtypes of peer victimization is a relatively understudied top... more The development and course of the subtypes of peer victimization is a relatively understudied topic despite the association of victimization with important developmental and clinical outcomes. Moreover, understanding potential predictors, such as peer rejection and emotion regulation, in early childhood may be especially important to elucidate possible bidirectional pathways between relational and physical victimization and rejection. The current study (N = 97) was designed to explore several gaps and limitations in the peer victimization and peer rejection literature. In particular, the prospective associations between relational and physical victimization and peer rejection over the course of 3.5 months during early childhood (i.e., 3 to 5 years old) were investigated in an integrated model. The study consisted of 97 (42 girls) preschool children recruited from four early childhood schools in the northeast of the United States. Using observations, research assistant report, and te...
ABSTRACT The child development literature gives a resounding affirmation that parents matter in i... more ABSTRACT The child development literature gives a resounding affirmation that parents matter in instances when a child is bullying others or being victimized. However, not all actions taken by parents are effective, and at the same time, some parents may elect to respond to children's bullying with inaction. We briefly present advice and information for parents as to the importance of their involvement, and seek to identify the ways of getting involved that might be most helpful. Aspects of the theoretical and empirical literature concerning parental responses to bullying are reviewed. A summary is then given of some common recommendations for parents made by current online resources. Next, we describe legal issues that are important for parents to know, and end by highlighting some specific areas where more research is needed.
ABSTRACT The school classroom and playground provide an important context for learning about youn... more ABSTRACT The school classroom and playground provide an important context for learning about young children's social interactions. A multimethod, multiinformant, short-term longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the utility of including school-based observational assessments of both form (i.e., physical and relational) and function (i.e., proactive and reactive) of aggressive behavior at school with a young sample during early childhood (132 children; M = 44.37 months; SD = 9.88). The study revealed low intercorrelations between observed proactive and reactive functions of aggression and low to moderate levels of stability. Based on 160 min of observation per child for an academic year, the findings revealed that boys are more physically aggressive to peers than are girls, whereas girls are more relationally aggressive than are boys. The results provide evidence for the differential association between aggression categories and future social-psychological adjustment constructs with particular relevancy for school contexts (i.e., peer rejection and student-teacher conflict). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2010
This study examined the association between parents&a... more This study examined the association between parents' alcoholism and peer bullying and victimization in middle childhood in 162 community-recruited families (80 girls and 82 boys) with and without alcohol problems. Toddler-mother attachment was assessed at 18 months of child age, and child reports of peer bullying and victimization were obtained in 4th grade. There was a direct association between fathers' alcohol symptoms and bullying of peers, as well as indirect association via toddler-mother attachment security. Multiple group models indicated that the direct association between parents' alcohol symptoms and bullying was significant for boys but not girls. The association between maternal alcohol symptoms and bullying was significant for secure but not insecure boys or secure/insecure girls. The association between fathers' alcohol symptoms and bullying was significant for insecure boys but not secure boys or secure/insecure girls.
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2008
A short-term longitudinal study examined relational and physical aggression and deceptive behavio... more A short-term longitudinal study examined relational and physical aggression and deceptive behavior among 120 preschool-aged children (M = 44.36 months old, SD = 11.07). Multiple informants and methods (i.e., observational, teacher reports) were used. Evidence for discriminant validity of the observations of aggression subtypes was found. For example, observations of relational aggression were more highly associated with teacher reports of relational aggression than teacher reports of physical aggression. Observed relational aggression was significantly associated with concurrent and prospective increases in deceptive behavior, even after controlling for gender and observed physical aggression. In addition, observed relational aggression was a unique significant predictor of concurrent deception, above and beyond teacher reports of aggression subtypes, which provides important support for the utility of the observational methods.
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Papers by Jamie Ostrov