Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual pr... more Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual production quantum of 25 billion tonnes worldwide, contributing approximately 5% to the global greenhouse gas emissions. In the initiative to reduce the carbon footprint of cementitious composite production, are growing interests in the large volume reuse of industrial by products such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and granite quarry dust (GQD) in cementitious composites production. Such an approach offers a two-fold solution towards addressing the waste management problem related to those industry by-products. At the same time however; reduction of carbon footprints of cementitious composite materials exists. However, in order to enable scalable applications of such a recycling approach, a comprehensive body of knowledge on the mechanical strength and durability performance of the cementitious composite products containing a large volume of the materials needs to be established. Hence, it is the primary aim of the study to report a comprehensive assessment on the mechanical strength and durability properties of high strength cementitious composites. These materials are produced with a large volume of the aforementioned materials as the primary binder and aggregate phase. Throughout the investigation, high strength cementitious composites mixes were produced with a large volume of PFA and GGBS binder. Then phase coupled with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). GQD was used as the fine aggregate phase in substitution of natural river sand at various level of substitution ranging between 0 - 100 % by volume. The cementitious composites were characterized in terms of its fresh cementitious composites. Its flowability and hardened cementitious composites properties mainly bulk density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity were also assessed. In addition, the durability properties such as water absorptivity and porosity were also covered in this experimental program. Pore continuity was assessed in terms of air permeability and capillary absorption of the hardened specimens according to the testing age. This paper has also covered the dimensional stability assessment in terms of drying shrinkage. Besides, a comprehensive microstructural assessment was also performed to examine the microstructure morphology. From the results, we found full incorporation of GQD as NRS without significant impairment to the mechanical, durability and length change performance. Thus, the production of sustainable high strength cementitious composites with large volume recycling of GQD is feasible which in turn reduces the depletion on the natural river sand resources.
h i g h l i g h t s The workability of the concrete reduces as the EAFS replacement level increas... more h i g h l i g h t s The workability of the concrete reduces as the EAFS replacement level increases. The use of EAFS reduced the setting time of GGBS-PFA ternary blended concrete. Incorporation of EAFS tends to enhance the mechanical strength of concrete. Incorporation of EAFS reduced the magnitude of drying shrinkage of concrete. EAFS can be partial or fully utilize in the production of concrete. a b s t r a c t The manufacturing of concrete composites have released high volume of carbon dioxide (CO 2) gaseous to the environment in the world. Therefore, finding an alternative materials to replace the raw material used in the production of concrete composites have become a current agenda. The industrial waste materials mainly from local coal-fuelled power plant, granite quarrying process, and iron and steel manufacturing industry were utilized in the high-performance concrete production. The waste materials incorporated included ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), pulverized fly ash (PFA), granite quarry dust (GQD) and electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) were used to partially or completely replace the usage of a synthetic and natural constituent materials in the concrete production which included ordinary Portland cement (OPC), natural river sand (NRS), and natural granite rock (NGR). The study was aimed to establish the feasibility of using EAFS as partial or complete replacement of NGR as the coarse aggregate of concrete with other industrial waste materials in the binder and fine aggregate phase. In addition, the method of optimization on the OPC-GGBS-PFA as a ternary blended binder system was also established. Meanwhile, the optimum combination of chemical admixture dosage was also determined in this study. The concrete composition with the established optimum ternary blended binder system, chemical admixture combination and NRS-GQD composition as a fine aggregate were examined with various NGR replacement level with EAFS ranging from 0% to 100% at the increment of 20%. The properties of the concrete mixes were examined by setting time test on the fresh concrete, mechanical strength tests and drying shrinkage assessment on the hardened concrete. The results showed that the inclusion of the aforementioned waste tends to improve the mechanical strength properties of the concrete, while, reducing the magnitude of length change in terms of drying shrinkage. With such, a concrete with compressive strength of 80 MPa able to be produced with the used of waste material from the industry up to 80% of the total volume.
Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual pr... more Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual production quantum of 25 billion tonnes worldwide, contributing approximately 5% to the global greenhouse gas emissions. In the initiative to reduce the carbon footprint of cementitious composite production, are growing interests in the large volume reuse of industrial by products such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and granite quarry dust (GQD) in cementitious composites production. Such an approach offers a two-fold solution towards addressing the waste management problem related to those industry by-products. At the same time however; reduction of carbon footprints of cementitious composite materials exists. However, in order to enable scalable applications of such a recycling approach, a comprehensive body of knowledge on the mechanical strength and durability performance of the cementitious composite products containing a large volume of the materials needs to be established. Hence, it is the primary aim of the study to report a comprehensive assessment on the mechanical strength and durability properties of high strength cementitious composites. These materials are produced with a large volume of the aforementioned materials as the primary binder and aggregate phase. Throughout the investigation, high strength cementitious composites mixes were produced with a large volume of PFA and GGBS binder. Then phase coupled with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). GQD was used as the fine aggregate phase in substitution of natural river sand at various level of substitution ranging between 0 - 100 % by volume. The cementitious composites were characterized in terms of its fresh cementitious composites. Its flowability and hardened cementitious composites properties mainly bulk density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity were also assessed. In addition, the durability properties such as water absorptivity and porosity were also covered in this experimental program. Pore continuity was assessed in terms of air permeability and capillary absorption of the hardened specimens according to the testing age. This paper has also covered the dimensional stability assessment in terms of drying shrinkage. Besides, a comprehensive microstructural assessment was also performed to examine the microstructure morphology. From the results, we found full incorporation of GQD as NRS without significant impairment to the mechanical, durability and length change performance. Thus, the production of sustainable high strength cementitious composites with large volume recycling of GQD is feasible which in turn reduces the depletion on the natural river sand resources.
Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual pr... more Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual production quantum of 25 billion tonnes worldwide, contributing approximately 5% to the global greenhouse gas emissions. In the initiative to reduce the carbon footprint of cementitious composite production, are growing interests in the large volume reuse of industrial by products such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and granite quarry dust (GQD) in cementitious composites production. Such an approach offers a two-fold solution towards addressing the waste management problem related to those industry by-products. At the same time however; reduction of carbon footprints of cementitious composite materials exists. However, in order to enable scalable applications of such a recycling approach, a comprehensive body of knowledge on the mechanical strength and durability performance of the cementitious composite products containing a large volume of the materials needs to be established. Hence, it is the primary aim of the study to report a comprehensive assessment on the mechanical strength and durability properties of high strength cementitious composites. These materials are produced with a large volume of the aforementioned materials as the primary binder and aggregate phase. Throughout the investigation, high strength cementitious composites mixes were produced with a large volume of PFA and GGBS binder. Then phase coupled with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). GQD was used as the fine aggregate phase in substitution of natural river sand at various level of substitution ranging between 0 - 100 % by volume. The cementitious composites were characterized in terms of its fresh cementitious composites. Its flowability and hardened cementitious composites properties mainly bulk density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity were also assessed. In addition, the durability properties such as water absorptivity and porosity were also covered in this experimental program. Pore continuity was assessed in terms of air permeability and capillary absorption of the hardened specimens according to the testing age. This paper has also covered the dimensional stability assessment in terms of drying shrinkage. Besides, a comprehensive microstructural assessment was also performed to examine the microstructure morphology. From the results, we found full incorporation of GQD as NRS without significant impairment to the mechanical, durability and length change performance. Thus, the production of sustainable high strength cementitious composites with large volume recycling of GQD is feasible which in turn reduces the depletion on the natural river sand resources.
h i g h l i g h t s The workability of the concrete reduces as the EAFS replacement level increas... more h i g h l i g h t s The workability of the concrete reduces as the EAFS replacement level increases. The use of EAFS reduced the setting time of GGBS-PFA ternary blended concrete. Incorporation of EAFS tends to enhance the mechanical strength of concrete. Incorporation of EAFS reduced the magnitude of drying shrinkage of concrete. EAFS can be partial or fully utilize in the production of concrete. a b s t r a c t The manufacturing of concrete composites have released high volume of carbon dioxide (CO 2) gaseous to the environment in the world. Therefore, finding an alternative materials to replace the raw material used in the production of concrete composites have become a current agenda. The industrial waste materials mainly from local coal-fuelled power plant, granite quarrying process, and iron and steel manufacturing industry were utilized in the high-performance concrete production. The waste materials incorporated included ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), pulverized fly ash (PFA), granite quarry dust (GQD) and electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) were used to partially or completely replace the usage of a synthetic and natural constituent materials in the concrete production which included ordinary Portland cement (OPC), natural river sand (NRS), and natural granite rock (NGR). The study was aimed to establish the feasibility of using EAFS as partial or complete replacement of NGR as the coarse aggregate of concrete with other industrial waste materials in the binder and fine aggregate phase. In addition, the method of optimization on the OPC-GGBS-PFA as a ternary blended binder system was also established. Meanwhile, the optimum combination of chemical admixture dosage was also determined in this study. The concrete composition with the established optimum ternary blended binder system, chemical admixture combination and NRS-GQD composition as a fine aggregate were examined with various NGR replacement level with EAFS ranging from 0% to 100% at the increment of 20%. The properties of the concrete mixes were examined by setting time test on the fresh concrete, mechanical strength tests and drying shrinkage assessment on the hardened concrete. The results showed that the inclusion of the aforementioned waste tends to improve the mechanical strength properties of the concrete, while, reducing the magnitude of length change in terms of drying shrinkage. With such, a concrete with compressive strength of 80 MPa able to be produced with the used of waste material from the industry up to 80% of the total volume.
Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual pr... more Cementitious composites are the most used man-made materials in the world with a global annual production quantum of 25 billion tonnes worldwide, contributing approximately 5% to the global greenhouse gas emissions. In the initiative to reduce the carbon footprint of cementitious composite production, are growing interests in the large volume reuse of industrial by products such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and granite quarry dust (GQD) in cementitious composites production. Such an approach offers a two-fold solution towards addressing the waste management problem related to those industry by-products. At the same time however; reduction of carbon footprints of cementitious composite materials exists. However, in order to enable scalable applications of such a recycling approach, a comprehensive body of knowledge on the mechanical strength and durability performance of the cementitious composite products containing a large volume of the materials needs to be established. Hence, it is the primary aim of the study to report a comprehensive assessment on the mechanical strength and durability properties of high strength cementitious composites. These materials are produced with a large volume of the aforementioned materials as the primary binder and aggregate phase. Throughout the investigation, high strength cementitious composites mixes were produced with a large volume of PFA and GGBS binder. Then phase coupled with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). GQD was used as the fine aggregate phase in substitution of natural river sand at various level of substitution ranging between 0 - 100 % by volume. The cementitious composites were characterized in terms of its fresh cementitious composites. Its flowability and hardened cementitious composites properties mainly bulk density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity were also assessed. In addition, the durability properties such as water absorptivity and porosity were also covered in this experimental program. Pore continuity was assessed in terms of air permeability and capillary absorption of the hardened specimens according to the testing age. This paper has also covered the dimensional stability assessment in terms of drying shrinkage. Besides, a comprehensive microstructural assessment was also performed to examine the microstructure morphology. From the results, we found full incorporation of GQD as NRS without significant impairment to the mechanical, durability and length change performance. Thus, the production of sustainable high strength cementitious composites with large volume recycling of GQD is feasible which in turn reduces the depletion on the natural river sand resources.
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Papers by Jay Sern Lim