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Sound production on a “coaxial saxophone” is investigated experimentally. The coaxial saxophone is a variant of the cylindrical saxophone made up of two tubes mounted in parallel, which can be seen as a low-frequency analogy of a... more
Sound production on a “coaxial saxophone” is investigated experimentally. The coaxial saxophone is a variant of the cylindrical saxophone made up of two tubes mounted in parallel, which can be seen as a low-frequency analogy of a truncated conical resonator with a mouthpiece. Initially developed for the purposes of theoretical analysis, an experimental verification of the analogy between conical and cylindrical saxophones has never been reported. The present paper explains why the volume of the cylindrical saxophone mouthpiece limits the achievement of a good playability. To limit the mouthpiece volume, a coaxial alignment of pipes is proposed and a prototype of coaxial saxophone is built. An impedance model of coaxial resonator is proposed and validated by comparison with experimental data. Sound production is also studied through experiments with a blowing machine. The playability of the prototype is then assessed and proven for several values of the blowing pressure, of the embou...
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Research Interests: Computer Science, Physics, Acoustics, Music, Sound Synthesis, and 15 moreMedicine, Multidisciplinary, Musical Instruments, Software, Humans, Oscillations, Mechanical systems, Computer Program, Theoretical Models, Time Domain, Initial Condition, Harmonic Balance, Frequency Domain, Exciter, and Periodic Solution
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A characteristic of woodwind instruments is the cutoff frequency of their tone-hole lattice. Benade proposed a practical definition using the measurement of the input impedance, for which at least two frequency bands appear. The first one... more
A characteristic of woodwind instruments is the cutoff frequency of their tone-hole lattice. Benade proposed a practical definition using the measurement of the input impedance, for which at least two frequency bands appear. The first one is a stop band, while the second is a pass band. The value of this cutoff frequency, which is a global quantity, depends on the whole geometry of the instrument, but is rather independent of the fingering. This seems to justify the consideration of a woodwind with several open holes as a periodic lattice. However the holes on a clarinet are very irregular. The paper investigates first the experimental method of determination of the cutoff frequency, then the question of the acoustical regularity: an acoustically regular lattice of tone holes is defined as a lattice built with T-shaped cells of equal eigenfrequencies. Then the paper discusses the possibility of division of a real lattice into cells of equal eigenfrequencies. It is shown that it is n...
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ISMA 11 Homogeneity of emission and timbre of musical instruments is a difficult issue. Intuitively it can be related to the regularity of the geometry, even if this relation is another difficult issue. The present talk aims at contribute... more
ISMA 11 Homogeneity of emission and timbre of musical instruments is a difficult issue. Intuitively it can be related to the regularity of the geometry, even if this relation is another difficult issue. The present talk aims at contribute to the discussion about the regularity of both woodwind and brass instruments. Benade published a paper in 1960 where woodwinds were modeled as periodic media with regular toneholes. In 1974, with Jansson, he compared bells of brass instruments and exponential horns. He had a particular interest in both the definition and the effects of cutoff frequencies for wind instruments. Recently we discussed a definition of acoustic regularity in the context of woodwinds. This work is first summarized, then some open questions are discussed concerning instruments with toneholes and with bells, starting with an analogy between exponential horns and periodic lattice of toneholes.
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The tonehole lattice cutoff frequency is a well-known feature of woodwind instruments. However, most analytic studies of the cutoff have focused on cylindrical instruments due to their relative geometric simplicity. Here, the tonehole... more
The tonehole lattice cutoff frequency is a well-known feature of woodwind instruments. However, most analytic studies of the cutoff have focused on cylindrical instruments due to their relative geometric simplicity. Here, the tonehole lattice cutoff frequency of conical instruments such as the saxophone is studied analytically, using a generalization of the framework developed for cylindrical resonators. First, a definition of local cutoff of a conical tonehole lattice is derived and used to design “acoustically regular” resonators with determinate cutoff frequencies. The study is then expanded to an acoustically irregular lattice: a saxophone resonator, of known input impedance and geometry. Because the lattices of real instruments are acoustically irregular, different methods of analysis are developed. These methods, derived from either acoustic (input impedance) or geometric (tonehole geometry) measurements, are used to determine the tonehole lattice cutoff frequency of conical r...