Dr. Jithin K Sreedharan
Current Position:
• Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Doha Science and Technology, Qatar
Academic Achievements:
• The world’s first PhD holder in Respiratory Therapy, officially recognized by the American Association of Respiratory Therapy, endorsed by the Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapy, and acknowledged by the International Council for Respiratory Care.
• Master of Science in Respiratory Therapy
• Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Therapy
Professional Experience:
• Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia: Nearly a decade of service as a faculty member in the Department of Respiratory Care, including serving as Lead for Quality and Accreditation, where he successfully elevated the department to become the first nationally accredited program.
• Prince Sultan Medical City, Saudi Arabia
• Singapore General Hospital
• Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, India: Served as Chief of the Respiratory Therapy Department for over six years, where he established the first Bachelor’s and Master’s programs in Respiratory Therapy in this region of India.
Contributions to Education:
• Instrumental in establishing new Master’s programs, Fellowships, Certificate Programs, and Bachelor’s programs at both national and international levels.
Leadership Roles:
• Governor for India, International Council for Respiratory Care (ICRC) (2020)
• Co-chair, Medical Advisory Board of the ICRC & AARC (since 2022)
• Secretary General, Indian Association of Respiratory Care (for more than 7 years)
• Medical Advisory Board Co-chair, American Association of Respiratory Care
• Board of Studies Member, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh
• Board Member, Curriculum Development and Minimum Standards Committee, Rajiv Gandhi University, Karnataka
• Board Member, International School for Non-Invasive Ventilation
• Editorial Board Member, Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy
• Section Editor, CME, Indian Journal of Respiratory Care
Academic and Research Contributions:
• Invited faculty member and speaker at numerous national and international conferences
• Author of over 50 peer-reviewed publications and 12 book chapters
• Founding Executive Committee Member and Office Bearer, International Alliance for Respiratory Care (IARC)
Expertise:
• Quality Improvement and Accreditation in allied healthcare education
• Extensive experience in professional development and research in Respiratory Therapy
Professional Ethos:
• Renowned for an unwavering work ethic, commitment to professional excellence, and dedication to advancing the field of Respiratory Therapy.
• Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Doha Science and Technology, Qatar
Academic Achievements:
• The world’s first PhD holder in Respiratory Therapy, officially recognized by the American Association of Respiratory Therapy, endorsed by the Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapy, and acknowledged by the International Council for Respiratory Care.
• Master of Science in Respiratory Therapy
• Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Therapy
Professional Experience:
• Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia: Nearly a decade of service as a faculty member in the Department of Respiratory Care, including serving as Lead for Quality and Accreditation, where he successfully elevated the department to become the first nationally accredited program.
• Prince Sultan Medical City, Saudi Arabia
• Singapore General Hospital
• Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, India: Served as Chief of the Respiratory Therapy Department for over six years, where he established the first Bachelor’s and Master’s programs in Respiratory Therapy in this region of India.
Contributions to Education:
• Instrumental in establishing new Master’s programs, Fellowships, Certificate Programs, and Bachelor’s programs at both national and international levels.
Leadership Roles:
• Governor for India, International Council for Respiratory Care (ICRC) (2020)
• Co-chair, Medical Advisory Board of the ICRC & AARC (since 2022)
• Secretary General, Indian Association of Respiratory Care (for more than 7 years)
• Medical Advisory Board Co-chair, American Association of Respiratory Care
• Board of Studies Member, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh
• Board Member, Curriculum Development and Minimum Standards Committee, Rajiv Gandhi University, Karnataka
• Board Member, International School for Non-Invasive Ventilation
• Editorial Board Member, Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy
• Section Editor, CME, Indian Journal of Respiratory Care
Academic and Research Contributions:
• Invited faculty member and speaker at numerous national and international conferences
• Author of over 50 peer-reviewed publications and 12 book chapters
• Founding Executive Committee Member and Office Bearer, International Alliance for Respiratory Care (IARC)
Expertise:
• Quality Improvement and Accreditation in allied healthcare education
• Extensive experience in professional development and research in Respiratory Therapy
Professional Ethos:
• Renowned for an unwavering work ethic, commitment to professional excellence, and dedication to advancing the field of Respiratory Therapy.
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Papers by Dr. Jithin K Sreedharan
all fields of science. It uses various models and algorithms to detect patterns
and specific findings to diagnose a disease with utmost accuracy. With the
increasing need for accurate and precise diagnosis of disease, employing
artificial intelligence models and concepts in healthcare setup can be beneficial.
Methodology: The search engines and databases employed in this study are
PubMed, ScienceDirect and Medline. Studies published between 1st January
2013 to 1st February 2023 were included in this analysis. The selected articles
were screened preliminarily using the Rayyan web tool, after which investigators
screened the selected articles individually. The risk of bias for the selected
studies was assessed using QUADAS-2 tool specially designed to test bias
among studies related to diagnostic test reviews.
Results: In this review, 17 studies were included from a total of 12,173 studies.
These studies were analysed for their sensitivity, accuracy, positive predictive value, specificity and negative predictive value in diagnosing barrette’s neoplasia, cardiac arrest, esophageal adenocarcinoma, sepsis and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. All the studies reported heterogeneity with p-value <0.05 at confidence interval 95%.
Conclusion: The existing evidential data suggests that artificial intelligence can
be highly helpful in the field of diagnosis providing maximum precision and early detection. This helps to prevent disease progression and also helps to provide treatment at the earliest. Employing artificial intelligence in diagnosis will define the advancement of health care environment and also be beneficial in every aspect concerned with treatment to illnesses.
Method: A large database search was performed using pertinent terms, and a blueprint was developed for a meticulous literature review published between 2015 and 2021. Five hundred eighty-two articles were found and screened; a critical appraisal was performed for 22 peer-reviewed articles for relevant information.
Results: The literature review identified the need to use academic domains such as leadership, planning, delivery, and feedback as QA criteria to evaluate the efficiency of education and training in allied health professional education programs. Instructors and facilitators for specific knowledge and skill
development and a description of their roles should also be used in QA evaluation.
Conclusion: Resources for effective learning and teaching in the allied healthcare domain are limited. This review highlights the significant need to include a QA system in AHE, considering the pivotal role of these students in supporting humankind, now and in the future. The findings contribute to the research by providing essential insights into current trends and focusing on existing research in AHE quality.
important role of Respiratory Therapists (RTs) in the critical care, we aimed to assess their knowledge, perceived relevance of LUS to
clinical practice, current skill gaps, and barriers to practice.
Methods: A cross-sectional, nationwide survey conducted among the RTs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The validated
questionnaire included 4 sections; the demographics, knowledge and perceptions, applicability and self-reported proficiency, and
barriers to the use of LUS by RTs.
Results: A total of 256 RTs across different regions of Saudi Arabia participated in this survey. 71.9% of them were males, and 46.1%
of the participants were having <5 years of working experience. Only (18.1%) of the participants used LUS in their clinical practice,
and (43%) of them had never received any training. 66% of the participants perceived LUS as an effective tool in the RT practice and
immensely valuable in their daily practice (70%). A large proportion of RTs perceived LUS to be ineffective in calculating the lung
score (50.4%), assessing the diaphragm (40.2%), and detecting pulmonary edema (38.3%). Calculating lung score has a lower mean
score of 2.55 on both skills, and identifying its applicability to clinical practice with a mean score of 2.71 than other indications. Lack
of training and curriculum (154/256; 60.2%) remains the top barrier that prevented RTs from using LUS in their clinical practice.
Conclusion: While many RTs in Saudi Arabia perceived LUS as an effective tool in the RT practice, considerable competence gap
exist, indicating the need for LUS training. There is a need for incorporating LUS into the curriculum of RT schools and promoting
competency-based training for the current RT workforce to help improve patient care.
in respiratory medicine and critical care, by utilizing big and synthetic data to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic benefits. This survey aimed to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of respiratory therapists (RTs) regarding AI to effectively incorporate these technologies into the clinical practice.
Methods: The study approved by the institutional review board, aimed at the RTs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The validated questionnaire collected reflective insights from 448 RTs in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, Fisher’s exact test, and chi-square test were used to evaluate the significance of the data.
Results: The survey revealed a nearly equal distribution of genders (51%
female, 49% male). Most respondents were in the 20–25 age group (54%), held bachelor’s degrees (69%), and had 0–5 years of experience (73%). While 28% had some knowledge of AI, only 8.5% had practical experience. Significant gender disparities in AI knowledge were noted (p < 0.001). Key findings included 59% advocating for basics of AI in the curriculum, 51% believing AI would play a vital role in respiratory care, and 41% calling for specialized AI personnel. Major challenges identified included knowledge deficiencies (23%), skill enhancement (23%), and limited access to training (17%).
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights differences in the levels of
knowledge and perceptions regarding AI among respiratory care professionals, underlining its recognized significance and futuristic awareness in the field. Tailored education and strategic planning are crucial for enhancing the quality of respiratory care, with the integration of AI. Addressing these gaps is essential for utilizing the full potential of AI in advancing respiratory care practices.
Transformative Leadership and Unprecedented Accomplishments
in strengthening various aspects of healthcare in the future. There are no validated instruments to evaluate students’ perceptions of their careers and satisfaction
with the learning resources. The primary objective of the current study is to develop and validate a structured questionnaire (SQ) for respiratory
therapy students in India, encompassing all the components of their career development and satisfaction.
Methods: Based on the literature review and content validity from respiratory therapy experts through multiple focused group discussions, a reliable SQ
was generated with 40 items based on the Likert scale. After getting institutional ethics clearance and informed consent, the SQ was administered to 904
respiratory therapy students across the country. We performed principal component analysis (PCA), structural equation modeling, and confirmatory factor
analysis (CFA) for the global fit. Cronbach’s alpha was performed to estimate the internal consistency.
Results: The PCA generated a 4-factor model, and internal consistency for the total scale exceeded the standard criterion of >0.70. Satisfactory goodness
of fit data were yielded from CFA. Average variances extracted were higher than the correlation coefficients of the factors, which show sufficient discriminant
validity.
Conclusion: This study shows a clinically acceptable model, it fits and suggests the possibility of applying a SQ to a respiratory therapy student with relatively
good construct validity and internal consistency, based on the results of CFA.
the RC curricula differ in structure and duration. With the exception of a few well‑established central universities and autonomous institutions,
many required appropriate educational resources and qualified faculty. The objective of the current study is to determine RT students’ perception
toward their careers and level of satisfaction with the available learning resources. Materials and Methods: In this cross‑sectional survey,
904 respiratory therapy students participated from medical universities and educational institutions across India. Institutional Ethics clearance
was obtained from the host institution and students were given basic information regarding the survey. A validated, structured questionnaire
was used which consists of 26 questions that cover four domains: Perception (4 items), satisfaction (13 items), curriculum (5 items), and
suggestion (4 items). The questions were answered as per the five‑point Likert scale. Data analysis was descriptive, and logistic regression was
performed to evaluate factors associated with students’ satisfaction with the learning resources. Results: The majority of the respondents were
female (59%) and belonged (48%) to the age group of <22 years. 92% of them are pursuing bachelor’s degree in RC. Most respondents are
satisfied with the practical and theoretical training (69%), quality of teaching (70%), the infrastructure available (69%), and the skill level of
the faculties (80%) at their institutions. Most respondents (83%) believed that there is no adequate recognition for respiratory therapists (RTs)
in India and 90% of the respondents were in fact planning to move overseas to seek job opportunities. Moreover, 86% of respondents believed
that there is an urgent need for establishing a regulatory body for the RT profession. Conclusion: The respiratory therapy students believe that
there is no adequate recognition for RTs in India and a vast majority of them want to go abroad to seek job opportunities. A proper regulatory
body for RT would help in standardizing both the academic and clinical aspects of the RT profession, along with improving job opportunities
for RTs in the future.
support, teaching quality, curriculum development, research opportunities, stakeholder involvement, quality
improvement initiatives, the impact of accreditation/certification, and physical facilities. Based on the review, the study presents 33 carefully formulated recommendations. By implementing these guidelines, policymakers and those interested in establishing AHIs can create institutions that promote the acquisition of new knowledge and skills, foster research and development, and provide excellent educational resources.
determining the recruitment and retention of RTs. However, there are no studies in the literature that comprehensively assessed these aspects using a reliable and valid measure specific to RTs. Our objective was to develop and psychometrically test a Standardized Questionnaire (SQ) for
evaluating RT’s overall job satisfaction.
Methods: Following consultations with experts and interviews conducted with RTs, a preliminary questionnaire was devised for the purpose of exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The 49 items of the Structured Questionnaire (SQ) were used for verification of the theorized factor structure and content validity using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) for the global fit were done. Cronbach’s alpha was performed to estimate the internal consistency. The samples of RTs were collected from India between August 2021 and January 2022.
Results: A convenience sample comprising 409 respiratory therapists (RTs) employed in India participated in the survey conducted from June 2021 to January 2022. The exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors that explained 61.2 % of the total variance. The confirmatory
factor analysis yielded a 3-factor structure (X2/df = 4.4, p < 0.02, standardized root-mean-square.
managers to approach it comprehensively and thoughtfully to understand their performance. Hence, the development and monitoring
of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in this domain must be considered one of the key priorities for the policymakers in AHIs.
Aim: This study aims to develop a framework for the AHIs to extract and profile the indicators, measure, and report the results
appropriately.
Methods: The authors adopted a general review of the literature approach to study the primary goals of the institutional KPI
framework, emphasizing the need for benchmarking while implementing KPIs and how to track performance using a KPI dashboard.
Results: The study provides the scope, relevant KPI categories, and a list of KPIs for evaluating the effectiveness of allied healthcare
programs. The study findings also emphasized the need for benchmarking the KPIs and establishing a KPI dashboard while measuring
and monitoring performance.
Conclusion: KPIs are considered an invaluable tool that contributes immensely to the performance monitoring process of AHIs,
irrespective of the specialties. This helps to identify and guide AHIs for developing KPIs and the associated minimum data set to
measure organizational performance and monitor the quality of teaching and learning. In addition, the KPI framework reported in this
study is a tool to assist performance monitoring that can subsequently contribute to the overall quality of AHIs.
Keywords: key performance indicators, allied healthcare institutions, performance assessment, KPI dashboard, KPI
the literature regarding the application of simulation-based modalities in respiratory care education. This review aims to address this
gap by providing insight into the theory and current uses of simulation, its effectiveness in respiratory care education, and strategies to
enhance faculty development. The study utilizes a narrative synthesis approach to review relevant literature and provide
a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The research involved comprehensive searches of electronic databases, including
PubMed and Google Scholar, to identify relevant literature, encompassing original articles, reviews, and other pertinent content,
focusing on simulation-based teaching and learning in respiratory care education published between 1990 and 2022. Findings suggest
that simulation-based education is an effective tool for improving respiratory care education and can enhance the clinical skills of
learners. The study concludes by discussing the future of simulation in respiratory care education and the potential benefits it may
offer.
all fields of science. It uses various models and algorithms to detect patterns
and specific findings to diagnose a disease with utmost accuracy. With the
increasing need for accurate and precise diagnosis of disease, employing
artificial intelligence models and concepts in healthcare setup can be beneficial.
Methodology: The search engines and databases employed in this study are
PubMed, ScienceDirect and Medline. Studies published between 1st January
2013 to 1st February 2023 were included in this analysis. The selected articles
were screened preliminarily using the Rayyan web tool, after which investigators
screened the selected articles individually. The risk of bias for the selected
studies was assessed using QUADAS-2 tool specially designed to test bias
among studies related to diagnostic test reviews.
Results: In this review, 17 studies were included from a total of 12,173 studies.
These studies were analysed for their sensitivity, accuracy, positive predictive value, specificity and negative predictive value in diagnosing barrette’s neoplasia, cardiac arrest, esophageal adenocarcinoma, sepsis and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. All the studies reported heterogeneity with p-value <0.05 at confidence interval 95%.
Conclusion: The existing evidential data suggests that artificial intelligence can
be highly helpful in the field of diagnosis providing maximum precision and early detection. This helps to prevent disease progression and also helps to provide treatment at the earliest. Employing artificial intelligence in diagnosis will define the advancement of health care environment and also be beneficial in every aspect concerned with treatment to illnesses.
Method: A large database search was performed using pertinent terms, and a blueprint was developed for a meticulous literature review published between 2015 and 2021. Five hundred eighty-two articles were found and screened; a critical appraisal was performed for 22 peer-reviewed articles for relevant information.
Results: The literature review identified the need to use academic domains such as leadership, planning, delivery, and feedback as QA criteria to evaluate the efficiency of education and training in allied health professional education programs. Instructors and facilitators for specific knowledge and skill
development and a description of their roles should also be used in QA evaluation.
Conclusion: Resources for effective learning and teaching in the allied healthcare domain are limited. This review highlights the significant need to include a QA system in AHE, considering the pivotal role of these students in supporting humankind, now and in the future. The findings contribute to the research by providing essential insights into current trends and focusing on existing research in AHE quality.
important role of Respiratory Therapists (RTs) in the critical care, we aimed to assess their knowledge, perceived relevance of LUS to
clinical practice, current skill gaps, and barriers to practice.
Methods: A cross-sectional, nationwide survey conducted among the RTs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The validated
questionnaire included 4 sections; the demographics, knowledge and perceptions, applicability and self-reported proficiency, and
barriers to the use of LUS by RTs.
Results: A total of 256 RTs across different regions of Saudi Arabia participated in this survey. 71.9% of them were males, and 46.1%
of the participants were having <5 years of working experience. Only (18.1%) of the participants used LUS in their clinical practice,
and (43%) of them had never received any training. 66% of the participants perceived LUS as an effective tool in the RT practice and
immensely valuable in their daily practice (70%). A large proportion of RTs perceived LUS to be ineffective in calculating the lung
score (50.4%), assessing the diaphragm (40.2%), and detecting pulmonary edema (38.3%). Calculating lung score has a lower mean
score of 2.55 on both skills, and identifying its applicability to clinical practice with a mean score of 2.71 than other indications. Lack
of training and curriculum (154/256; 60.2%) remains the top barrier that prevented RTs from using LUS in their clinical practice.
Conclusion: While many RTs in Saudi Arabia perceived LUS as an effective tool in the RT practice, considerable competence gap
exist, indicating the need for LUS training. There is a need for incorporating LUS into the curriculum of RT schools and promoting
competency-based training for the current RT workforce to help improve patient care.
in respiratory medicine and critical care, by utilizing big and synthetic data to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic benefits. This survey aimed to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of respiratory therapists (RTs) regarding AI to effectively incorporate these technologies into the clinical practice.
Methods: The study approved by the institutional review board, aimed at the RTs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The validated questionnaire collected reflective insights from 448 RTs in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, Fisher’s exact test, and chi-square test were used to evaluate the significance of the data.
Results: The survey revealed a nearly equal distribution of genders (51%
female, 49% male). Most respondents were in the 20–25 age group (54%), held bachelor’s degrees (69%), and had 0–5 years of experience (73%). While 28% had some knowledge of AI, only 8.5% had practical experience. Significant gender disparities in AI knowledge were noted (p < 0.001). Key findings included 59% advocating for basics of AI in the curriculum, 51% believing AI would play a vital role in respiratory care, and 41% calling for specialized AI personnel. Major challenges identified included knowledge deficiencies (23%), skill enhancement (23%), and limited access to training (17%).
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights differences in the levels of
knowledge and perceptions regarding AI among respiratory care professionals, underlining its recognized significance and futuristic awareness in the field. Tailored education and strategic planning are crucial for enhancing the quality of respiratory care, with the integration of AI. Addressing these gaps is essential for utilizing the full potential of AI in advancing respiratory care practices.
Transformative Leadership and Unprecedented Accomplishments
in strengthening various aspects of healthcare in the future. There are no validated instruments to evaluate students’ perceptions of their careers and satisfaction
with the learning resources. The primary objective of the current study is to develop and validate a structured questionnaire (SQ) for respiratory
therapy students in India, encompassing all the components of their career development and satisfaction.
Methods: Based on the literature review and content validity from respiratory therapy experts through multiple focused group discussions, a reliable SQ
was generated with 40 items based on the Likert scale. After getting institutional ethics clearance and informed consent, the SQ was administered to 904
respiratory therapy students across the country. We performed principal component analysis (PCA), structural equation modeling, and confirmatory factor
analysis (CFA) for the global fit. Cronbach’s alpha was performed to estimate the internal consistency.
Results: The PCA generated a 4-factor model, and internal consistency for the total scale exceeded the standard criterion of >0.70. Satisfactory goodness
of fit data were yielded from CFA. Average variances extracted were higher than the correlation coefficients of the factors, which show sufficient discriminant
validity.
Conclusion: This study shows a clinically acceptable model, it fits and suggests the possibility of applying a SQ to a respiratory therapy student with relatively
good construct validity and internal consistency, based on the results of CFA.
the RC curricula differ in structure and duration. With the exception of a few well‑established central universities and autonomous institutions,
many required appropriate educational resources and qualified faculty. The objective of the current study is to determine RT students’ perception
toward their careers and level of satisfaction with the available learning resources. Materials and Methods: In this cross‑sectional survey,
904 respiratory therapy students participated from medical universities and educational institutions across India. Institutional Ethics clearance
was obtained from the host institution and students were given basic information regarding the survey. A validated, structured questionnaire
was used which consists of 26 questions that cover four domains: Perception (4 items), satisfaction (13 items), curriculum (5 items), and
suggestion (4 items). The questions were answered as per the five‑point Likert scale. Data analysis was descriptive, and logistic regression was
performed to evaluate factors associated with students’ satisfaction with the learning resources. Results: The majority of the respondents were
female (59%) and belonged (48%) to the age group of <22 years. 92% of them are pursuing bachelor’s degree in RC. Most respondents are
satisfied with the practical and theoretical training (69%), quality of teaching (70%), the infrastructure available (69%), and the skill level of
the faculties (80%) at their institutions. Most respondents (83%) believed that there is no adequate recognition for respiratory therapists (RTs)
in India and 90% of the respondents were in fact planning to move overseas to seek job opportunities. Moreover, 86% of respondents believed
that there is an urgent need for establishing a regulatory body for the RT profession. Conclusion: The respiratory therapy students believe that
there is no adequate recognition for RTs in India and a vast majority of them want to go abroad to seek job opportunities. A proper regulatory
body for RT would help in standardizing both the academic and clinical aspects of the RT profession, along with improving job opportunities
for RTs in the future.
support, teaching quality, curriculum development, research opportunities, stakeholder involvement, quality
improvement initiatives, the impact of accreditation/certification, and physical facilities. Based on the review, the study presents 33 carefully formulated recommendations. By implementing these guidelines, policymakers and those interested in establishing AHIs can create institutions that promote the acquisition of new knowledge and skills, foster research and development, and provide excellent educational resources.
determining the recruitment and retention of RTs. However, there are no studies in the literature that comprehensively assessed these aspects using a reliable and valid measure specific to RTs. Our objective was to develop and psychometrically test a Standardized Questionnaire (SQ) for
evaluating RT’s overall job satisfaction.
Methods: Following consultations with experts and interviews conducted with RTs, a preliminary questionnaire was devised for the purpose of exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The 49 items of the Structured Questionnaire (SQ) were used for verification of the theorized factor structure and content validity using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) for the global fit were done. Cronbach’s alpha was performed to estimate the internal consistency. The samples of RTs were collected from India between August 2021 and January 2022.
Results: A convenience sample comprising 409 respiratory therapists (RTs) employed in India participated in the survey conducted from June 2021 to January 2022. The exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors that explained 61.2 % of the total variance. The confirmatory
factor analysis yielded a 3-factor structure (X2/df = 4.4, p < 0.02, standardized root-mean-square.
managers to approach it comprehensively and thoughtfully to understand their performance. Hence, the development and monitoring
of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in this domain must be considered one of the key priorities for the policymakers in AHIs.
Aim: This study aims to develop a framework for the AHIs to extract and profile the indicators, measure, and report the results
appropriately.
Methods: The authors adopted a general review of the literature approach to study the primary goals of the institutional KPI
framework, emphasizing the need for benchmarking while implementing KPIs and how to track performance using a KPI dashboard.
Results: The study provides the scope, relevant KPI categories, and a list of KPIs for evaluating the effectiveness of allied healthcare
programs. The study findings also emphasized the need for benchmarking the KPIs and establishing a KPI dashboard while measuring
and monitoring performance.
Conclusion: KPIs are considered an invaluable tool that contributes immensely to the performance monitoring process of AHIs,
irrespective of the specialties. This helps to identify and guide AHIs for developing KPIs and the associated minimum data set to
measure organizational performance and monitor the quality of teaching and learning. In addition, the KPI framework reported in this
study is a tool to assist performance monitoring that can subsequently contribute to the overall quality of AHIs.
Keywords: key performance indicators, allied healthcare institutions, performance assessment, KPI dashboard, KPI
the literature regarding the application of simulation-based modalities in respiratory care education. This review aims to address this
gap by providing insight into the theory and current uses of simulation, its effectiveness in respiratory care education, and strategies to
enhance faculty development. The study utilizes a narrative synthesis approach to review relevant literature and provide
a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The research involved comprehensive searches of electronic databases, including
PubMed and Google Scholar, to identify relevant literature, encompassing original articles, reviews, and other pertinent content,
focusing on simulation-based teaching and learning in respiratory care education published between 1990 and 2022. Findings suggest
that simulation-based education is an effective tool for improving respiratory care education and can enhance the clinical skills of
learners. The study concludes by discussing the future of simulation in respiratory care education and the potential benefits it may
offer.