... Point Elizabeth Walkway, near Greymouth Griselinia lucida Griseliniaceae dioecious ... up to ... more ... Point Elizabeth Walkway, near Greymouth Griselinia lucida Griseliniaceae dioecious ... up to 20 flowers borne in large numbers along the young stems, M. ramiflorus has a periodic flowering system with two or three peaks in one year, beginning in early summer (Powlesland et al. ...
... and placement in Cecidosidae (Lepidoptera) Robert J. B. HoareA,C and John S. DugdaleB ... the... more ... and placement in Cecidosidae (Lepidoptera) Robert J. B. HoareA,C and John S. DugdaleB ... the W-shaped, postero-dorsally pointing, beaked transtilla in Cecidoses eremita and as illustrated for generalised Incurvarioidea (as Adeloidea) by Razowski and Wojtusiak 1978: 5, fig. ...
... Slide preparations of genitalia, wing venation and larvae followed the methods described byHo... more ... Slide preparations of genitalia, wing venation and larvae followed the methods described byHoare (2000) for Nepticulidae ... Finland NZAC New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand CSNZ Central Stories, Alexandra Museum, Alexandra ...
This study investigates further the possibility that eruptions of house mice in forests of southe... more This study investigates further the possibility that eruptions of house mice in forests of southern beech (Nothofagus spp) in New Zealand after mast seedings are triggered by increases in the populations of some arthropods, especially Lepidoptera larvae and spiders that are common foods of mice, rather than by the beech seed It reports on a 5‐year study of arthropods of
We investigated life history traits (body sizes, sexual maturity, sexual dimorphism, clutch size)... more We investigated life history traits (body sizes, sexual maturity, sexual dimorphism, clutch size) and dietary preferences in the sympatric lizards, Oligosoma nigriplantare polychroma and Oligosoma lineoocellatum (Scincidae). One‐hundred and forty O. n. polychroma and 153 O. lineoocellatum were collected for a twelve month period. Our results show that these sympatric species have different life history traits, notably in body size,
For the New Zealand mainland, 29 previously published two‐letter codes defining collection areas ... more For the New Zealand mainland, 29 previously published two‐letter codes defining collection areas are reviewed, with their boundary definitions. An additional eight area codes are here defined for the outer islands of the New Zealand subregion: Kermadec Islands (KE), Three Kings Islands (TH), Chatham Islands (CH), The Snares Islands (SN), Auckland Islands (AU), Campbell Island (CA), Antipodes Islands (AN), and
The Australian lucerne leafroller (LLR), Merophyas divulsana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae),... more The Australian lucerne leafroller (LLR), Merophyas divulsana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), first recorded from New Zealand in Central Otago, is now known from northern and eastern sites in the North Island and from Westland. In New Zealand it has been found associated with Lotus pedunculatus, but not with lucerne. Adults are dark grey ventrally, with grey hindwings, thereby differing from the
The New Zealand proctotrupid Fustiserphus intrudens (Smith) was reared from two species of Tingen... more The New Zealand proctotrupid Fustiserphus intrudens (Smith) was reared from two species of Tingena (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) feeding on leaf litter in Nothofagus forest. Host relationships in the Proctotrupidae are discussed.
ABSTRACT Brief notes to aid identification of Eutorna phaulocosma Meyrick, (the blackberry budmot... more ABSTRACT Brief notes to aid identification of Eutorna phaulocosma Meyrick, (the blackberry budmoth) are given. Its biology was studied in the laboratory and in commercial boysenberry gardens in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. Adults mated in the laboratory, females laid up to 260 eggs each, and larvae developed through five or six instars to adults in 34–38 days at 21°C when reared on fresh boysenberry leaves. In unsprayed boysenberry gardens, larvae destroyed flower buds and infested young fruit. Insecticide sprays applied against leafroller (Tortricidae) were also very effective against E. phaulocosma. E. phaulocosma developed through three generations per year. Eggs were parasited by Trichogrammatoidea sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and pupae by Xanthopimpla rhopalocerus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). No larval parasitoids were found, but larvae were killed by a nuclear polyhedrosis virus. It is concluded that E. phaulocosma is a potentially minor pest in boysenberry gardens and is currently effectively controlled by the leafroller control programme.
The sex pheromones of various species in the endemic New Zealand hadenine (Noctuidae) genus Graph... more The sex pheromones of various species in the endemic New Zealand hadenine (Noctuidae) genus Graphania were analysed by a combination of chemical analyses of sex pheromone glands of females, and electroantennogram responses and field catches of males. The sex pheromones of these species were found to consist of various mixtures of Δ5-, Δ7-, Δ9-unsaturated tetradecenyl and dodecenyl compounds. No 16-carbon
ABSTRACT The genus Ctenopseustis Meyrick (Tortricinae: Archipini) is reviewed. The species C. fra... more ABSTRACT The genus Ctenopseustis Meyrick (Tortricinae: Archipini) is reviewed. The species C. fraterna Philpot, 1930 and C. servana Walker, 1863 are reinstated, and the concept of C. obliquana (Walker, 1863) is redefined. Synonymies are given for each species, and characteristics are described and illustrated.
The specific status ofCtenopseustis obliquana pheromone-types I, II, and III has been more fully ... more The specific status ofCtenopseustis obliquana pheromone-types I, II, and III has been more fully examined. Females of types I and III produce a mixture of (Z)-8- and (Z)-5-tetradecenyl acetates (Z8-14:Ac, Z5-14: Ac). The previously reported different ratios of these two components in females of the two types (type I=80∶20, III=90∶10) have been reinvestigated. The median ratios of each type differed significantly, although there was some overlap in the ranges of these ratios. A field cage trial showed that males of type III are attracted to females of type I, so the observed differences may be ascribed to intraspecific variation. In contrast to females of types I or III, females of type II produce Z5-14∶Ac but no Z8-14∶Ac. The electroantennogram (EAG) profile of antennae of type II males shows a maximum response to Z5-14∶Ac, while the EAG profiles of types I and III show a strong response to Z8-14∶Ac. In wind tunnel tests using mixtures of these two compounds, type II males prefer blends consisting of all or mostly Z5-14: Ac, while type I males showed a preference to a mix of 70% Z8-14∶Ac plus 30% Z5-14∶Ac. We found that type I males are attracted to type I females when offered a choice between type I and type II females in a field cage test and that type II males similarly prefer type II females. Males of types I and II have specialist cells for Z8-14∶Ac and Z5-14∶Ac but differ with respect to relative densities of these cells and to further cell types responsive to other alkenyl acetates. Type IIC. obliquana is considered therefore a sibling species of types I and III. In addition, the amount of Z5-14∶Ac produced by type II females varied geographically. Females from the North Island produced significantly less (median=1.2 ng) Z5-14∶Ac than females from the South Island (median=2.2 ng). Type II populations in the North Island morphologically resembled sympatric type I, rather than type II from the South Island and are designated as type II (North Island). Type II (North Island) populations have so far been found only at Rukuhia (near Hamilton) and from Kerikeri. In contrast, type II populations are sympatric with type III populations over much of the South Island. In a field cage trial, males of types II and II (North Island) were attracted to females of both II and II (North Island). We tentatively ascribe the differences between type II and type II (North Island) to intraspecific variation.
... Point Elizabeth Walkway, near Greymouth Griselinia lucida Griseliniaceae dioecious ... up to ... more ... Point Elizabeth Walkway, near Greymouth Griselinia lucida Griseliniaceae dioecious ... up to 20 flowers borne in large numbers along the young stems, M. ramiflorus has a periodic flowering system with two or three peaks in one year, beginning in early summer (Powlesland et al. ...
... and placement in Cecidosidae (Lepidoptera) Robert J. B. HoareA,C and John S. DugdaleB ... the... more ... and placement in Cecidosidae (Lepidoptera) Robert J. B. HoareA,C and John S. DugdaleB ... the W-shaped, postero-dorsally pointing, beaked transtilla in Cecidoses eremita and as illustrated for generalised Incurvarioidea (as Adeloidea) by Razowski and Wojtusiak 1978: 5, fig. ...
... Slide preparations of genitalia, wing venation and larvae followed the methods described byHo... more ... Slide preparations of genitalia, wing venation and larvae followed the methods described byHoare (2000) for Nepticulidae ... Finland NZAC New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, Auckland, New Zealand CSNZ Central Stories, Alexandra Museum, Alexandra ...
This study investigates further the possibility that eruptions of house mice in forests of southe... more This study investigates further the possibility that eruptions of house mice in forests of southern beech (Nothofagus spp) in New Zealand after mast seedings are triggered by increases in the populations of some arthropods, especially Lepidoptera larvae and spiders that are common foods of mice, rather than by the beech seed It reports on a 5‐year study of arthropods of
We investigated life history traits (body sizes, sexual maturity, sexual dimorphism, clutch size)... more We investigated life history traits (body sizes, sexual maturity, sexual dimorphism, clutch size) and dietary preferences in the sympatric lizards, Oligosoma nigriplantare polychroma and Oligosoma lineoocellatum (Scincidae). One‐hundred and forty O. n. polychroma and 153 O. lineoocellatum were collected for a twelve month period. Our results show that these sympatric species have different life history traits, notably in body size,
For the New Zealand mainland, 29 previously published two‐letter codes defining collection areas ... more For the New Zealand mainland, 29 previously published two‐letter codes defining collection areas are reviewed, with their boundary definitions. An additional eight area codes are here defined for the outer islands of the New Zealand subregion: Kermadec Islands (KE), Three Kings Islands (TH), Chatham Islands (CH), The Snares Islands (SN), Auckland Islands (AU), Campbell Island (CA), Antipodes Islands (AN), and
The Australian lucerne leafroller (LLR), Merophyas divulsana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae),... more The Australian lucerne leafroller (LLR), Merophyas divulsana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), first recorded from New Zealand in Central Otago, is now known from northern and eastern sites in the North Island and from Westland. In New Zealand it has been found associated with Lotus pedunculatus, but not with lucerne. Adults are dark grey ventrally, with grey hindwings, thereby differing from the
The New Zealand proctotrupid Fustiserphus intrudens (Smith) was reared from two species of Tingen... more The New Zealand proctotrupid Fustiserphus intrudens (Smith) was reared from two species of Tingena (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) feeding on leaf litter in Nothofagus forest. Host relationships in the Proctotrupidae are discussed.
ABSTRACT Brief notes to aid identification of Eutorna phaulocosma Meyrick, (the blackberry budmot... more ABSTRACT Brief notes to aid identification of Eutorna phaulocosma Meyrick, (the blackberry budmoth) are given. Its biology was studied in the laboratory and in commercial boysenberry gardens in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand. Adults mated in the laboratory, females laid up to 260 eggs each, and larvae developed through five or six instars to adults in 34–38 days at 21°C when reared on fresh boysenberry leaves. In unsprayed boysenberry gardens, larvae destroyed flower buds and infested young fruit. Insecticide sprays applied against leafroller (Tortricidae) were also very effective against E. phaulocosma. E. phaulocosma developed through three generations per year. Eggs were parasited by Trichogrammatoidea sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and pupae by Xanthopimpla rhopalocerus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). No larval parasitoids were found, but larvae were killed by a nuclear polyhedrosis virus. It is concluded that E. phaulocosma is a potentially minor pest in boysenberry gardens and is currently effectively controlled by the leafroller control programme.
The sex pheromones of various species in the endemic New Zealand hadenine (Noctuidae) genus Graph... more The sex pheromones of various species in the endemic New Zealand hadenine (Noctuidae) genus Graphania were analysed by a combination of chemical analyses of sex pheromone glands of females, and electroantennogram responses and field catches of males. The sex pheromones of these species were found to consist of various mixtures of Δ5-, Δ7-, Δ9-unsaturated tetradecenyl and dodecenyl compounds. No 16-carbon
ABSTRACT The genus Ctenopseustis Meyrick (Tortricinae: Archipini) is reviewed. The species C. fra... more ABSTRACT The genus Ctenopseustis Meyrick (Tortricinae: Archipini) is reviewed. The species C. fraterna Philpot, 1930 and C. servana Walker, 1863 are reinstated, and the concept of C. obliquana (Walker, 1863) is redefined. Synonymies are given for each species, and characteristics are described and illustrated.
The specific status ofCtenopseustis obliquana pheromone-types I, II, and III has been more fully ... more The specific status ofCtenopseustis obliquana pheromone-types I, II, and III has been more fully examined. Females of types I and III produce a mixture of (Z)-8- and (Z)-5-tetradecenyl acetates (Z8-14:Ac, Z5-14: Ac). The previously reported different ratios of these two components in females of the two types (type I=80∶20, III=90∶10) have been reinvestigated. The median ratios of each type differed significantly, although there was some overlap in the ranges of these ratios. A field cage trial showed that males of type III are attracted to females of type I, so the observed differences may be ascribed to intraspecific variation. In contrast to females of types I or III, females of type II produce Z5-14∶Ac but no Z8-14∶Ac. The electroantennogram (EAG) profile of antennae of type II males shows a maximum response to Z5-14∶Ac, while the EAG profiles of types I and III show a strong response to Z8-14∶Ac. In wind tunnel tests using mixtures of these two compounds, type II males prefer blends consisting of all or mostly Z5-14: Ac, while type I males showed a preference to a mix of 70% Z8-14∶Ac plus 30% Z5-14∶Ac. We found that type I males are attracted to type I females when offered a choice between type I and type II females in a field cage test and that type II males similarly prefer type II females. Males of types I and II have specialist cells for Z8-14∶Ac and Z5-14∶Ac but differ with respect to relative densities of these cells and to further cell types responsive to other alkenyl acetates. Type IIC. obliquana is considered therefore a sibling species of types I and III. In addition, the amount of Z5-14∶Ac produced by type II females varied geographically. Females from the North Island produced significantly less (median=1.2 ng) Z5-14∶Ac than females from the South Island (median=2.2 ng). Type II populations in the North Island morphologically resembled sympatric type I, rather than type II from the South Island and are designated as type II (North Island). Type II (North Island) populations have so far been found only at Rukuhia (near Hamilton) and from Kerikeri. In contrast, type II populations are sympatric with type III populations over much of the South Island. In a field cage trial, males of types II and II (North Island) were attracted to females of both II and II (North Island). We tentatively ascribe the differences between type II and type II (North Island) to intraspecific variation.
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