Comme indique dans le numero 54 de Pachyderme, la Commission europeenne a annonce en decembre 201... more Comme indique dans le numero 54 de Pachyderme, la Commission europeenne a annonce en decembre 2013 l’attribution d’une subvention de 12 millions d’€ au Secretariat de la CITES pour mettre en œuvre un nouveau projet intitule « Reduire le braconnage des elephants et d’autres especes menacees d’extinction (MIKES) ». Je suis heureux d’annoncer que la Commission europeenne a signe l’accord de contribution a MIKES en juin, ouvrant la voie au lancement du projet. En prevision de ce nouveau projet passionnant, une reunion interne a eu lieu au Secretariat de la CITES en janvier pour discuter en detail du projet et determiner les prochaines etapes et les preparatifs necessaires. En plus de toutes les activites normalement menees par le programme MIKE, dont plusieurs seront renforcees et rationalisees, le projet MIKES comprend une serie de nouvelles activites, comme decrit dans le numero 54 de Pachyderme. Certaines activites a entreprendre avant que le projet puisse fonctionner d’aplomb compre...
The African elephant, the largest remaining land mammal on the planet, is facing the greatest cri... more The African elephant, the largest remaining land mammal on the planet, is facing the greatest crisis in decades. Reports of mass elephant killings in the media vividly illustrate the situation across many African elephant range states. This publication provides an overview of the current state of the African elephant alongside recommendations for action to ensure its protection. This report has been written in close consultation with experts and a range of sources including CITES Monitoring Illegal Killing of Elephants (MIKE) Programme, the Elephant Trade Information System (ETIS), the IUCN African and Asian Elephant Specialist Groups, and the International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC). The findings provide a clear overview of the current African elephant crisis.
This paper presents an analysis of changes in elephant population estimates selected from the two... more This paper presents an analysis of changes in elephant population estimates selected from the two most recent reports of the African Elephant Database (AED). Sites selected for analysis were restricted to surveyed areas in which successive estimates had been made using comparable methods. The resulting selection consisted of surveys conducted in eastern and southern Africa between 1994 and 2002, which together cover a large percentage of the total elephant population for which estimates are available in these two regions. The results suggest a significant overall increase (p < 0.0002) for the eastern and southern African sites combined. The overall increase in the southern African estimate was significant ( p < 0.0004), but the increase in eastern African estimates was not statistically significant. It is concluded that savanna elephant populations in eastern and southern Africa are more likely to have increased than to have declined in the years leading up to the African Elep...
The international legal trade in wildlife can provide economic and other benefits, but when unsus... more The international legal trade in wildlife can provide economic and other benefits, but when unsustainable can be a driver of population declines. This impact is enhanced by the additional burden of illegal trade. We combined law-enforcement time-series of seizures of wildlife goods imported into the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) with data on reported legal trade to evaluate the evidence for any relationships. Our analysis examined 28 (US) and 20 (EU) taxon-products with high volume and frequency of reported trade and seizures. On average, seizures added 28% and 9% to US and EU reported legal trade levels respectively, and in several cases exceeded legal imports. We detected a significant but weak overall positive relationship between seizure volumes and reported trade imported to the US over time, but none in the EU. Our findings suggest a complex and nuanced temporal association between the illegal and legal wildlife trades.
... with scattered agri-culture, 150200 km2 per enumerator has been achieved (Hoare 1999c; Parke... more ... with scattered agri-culture, 150200 km2 per enumerator has been achieved (Hoare 1999c; Parker and Osborn 2001; Sitati et al ... data were Messrs Abdallah Nnungu (Mpigamiti Ward), Adinani Rajabu (Zinga-Miguruwe Ward), Idd Ngajaja (Mkutano Ward), Juma Mpule (Barikiwa ...
Human breakpoint cluster region (bcr) gene product is a member of a group of GTPase-activating pr... more Human breakpoint cluster region (bcr) gene product is a member of a group of GTPase-activating proteins that act exclusively on members of the Ras-related Rho subfamily. A complementary DNA was isolated from Caenorhabditis elegans that encoded a polypeptide of 1438 amino acid residues, CeGAP, which contains a domain with sequence similarity to the COOH-terminal segment (GTPase-activating protein region) of Bcr and other known GTPase-activating proteins of the Rho subfamily. It also contains a "pleckstrin homology" motif, present in many signaling proteins including GTPase-activating proteins and nucleotide exchange factors. The Bcr-like domain of CeGAP exhibited activity not only on members of the C. elegans and human Rho subfamily but surprisingly also on C. elegans Ras protein (let-60), human Ras, and Rab3A. CeGAP is therefore the first GTPase-activating protein acting on Ras-related proteins across different subfamilies. Together with the presence of the pleckstrin homo...
Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomical... more Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.
Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomical... more Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.
Comme indique dans le numero 54 de Pachyderme, la Commission europeenne a annonce en decembre 201... more Comme indique dans le numero 54 de Pachyderme, la Commission europeenne a annonce en decembre 2013 l’attribution d’une subvention de 12 millions d’€ au Secretariat de la CITES pour mettre en œuvre un nouveau projet intitule « Reduire le braconnage des elephants et d’autres especes menacees d’extinction (MIKES) ». Je suis heureux d’annoncer que la Commission europeenne a signe l’accord de contribution a MIKES en juin, ouvrant la voie au lancement du projet. En prevision de ce nouveau projet passionnant, une reunion interne a eu lieu au Secretariat de la CITES en janvier pour discuter en detail du projet et determiner les prochaines etapes et les preparatifs necessaires. En plus de toutes les activites normalement menees par le programme MIKE, dont plusieurs seront renforcees et rationalisees, le projet MIKES comprend une serie de nouvelles activites, comme decrit dans le numero 54 de Pachyderme. Certaines activites a entreprendre avant que le projet puisse fonctionner d’aplomb compre...
The African elephant, the largest remaining land mammal on the planet, is facing the greatest cri... more The African elephant, the largest remaining land mammal on the planet, is facing the greatest crisis in decades. Reports of mass elephant killings in the media vividly illustrate the situation across many African elephant range states. This publication provides an overview of the current state of the African elephant alongside recommendations for action to ensure its protection. This report has been written in close consultation with experts and a range of sources including CITES Monitoring Illegal Killing of Elephants (MIKE) Programme, the Elephant Trade Information System (ETIS), the IUCN African and Asian Elephant Specialist Groups, and the International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC). The findings provide a clear overview of the current African elephant crisis.
This paper presents an analysis of changes in elephant population estimates selected from the two... more This paper presents an analysis of changes in elephant population estimates selected from the two most recent reports of the African Elephant Database (AED). Sites selected for analysis were restricted to surveyed areas in which successive estimates had been made using comparable methods. The resulting selection consisted of surveys conducted in eastern and southern Africa between 1994 and 2002, which together cover a large percentage of the total elephant population for which estimates are available in these two regions. The results suggest a significant overall increase (p < 0.0002) for the eastern and southern African sites combined. The overall increase in the southern African estimate was significant ( p < 0.0004), but the increase in eastern African estimates was not statistically significant. It is concluded that savanna elephant populations in eastern and southern Africa are more likely to have increased than to have declined in the years leading up to the African Elep...
The international legal trade in wildlife can provide economic and other benefits, but when unsus... more The international legal trade in wildlife can provide economic and other benefits, but when unsustainable can be a driver of population declines. This impact is enhanced by the additional burden of illegal trade. We combined law-enforcement time-series of seizures of wildlife goods imported into the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) with data on reported legal trade to evaluate the evidence for any relationships. Our analysis examined 28 (US) and 20 (EU) taxon-products with high volume and frequency of reported trade and seizures. On average, seizures added 28% and 9% to US and EU reported legal trade levels respectively, and in several cases exceeded legal imports. We detected a significant but weak overall positive relationship between seizure volumes and reported trade imported to the US over time, but none in the EU. Our findings suggest a complex and nuanced temporal association between the illegal and legal wildlife trades.
... with scattered agri-culture, 150200 km2 per enumerator has been achieved (Hoare 1999c; Parke... more ... with scattered agri-culture, 150200 km2 per enumerator has been achieved (Hoare 1999c; Parker and Osborn 2001; Sitati et al ... data were Messrs Abdallah Nnungu (Mpigamiti Ward), Adinani Rajabu (Zinga-Miguruwe Ward), Idd Ngajaja (Mkutano Ward), Juma Mpule (Barikiwa ...
Human breakpoint cluster region (bcr) gene product is a member of a group of GTPase-activating pr... more Human breakpoint cluster region (bcr) gene product is a member of a group of GTPase-activating proteins that act exclusively on members of the Ras-related Rho subfamily. A complementary DNA was isolated from Caenorhabditis elegans that encoded a polypeptide of 1438 amino acid residues, CeGAP, which contains a domain with sequence similarity to the COOH-terminal segment (GTPase-activating protein region) of Bcr and other known GTPase-activating proteins of the Rho subfamily. It also contains a "pleckstrin homology" motif, present in many signaling proteins including GTPase-activating proteins and nucleotide exchange factors. The Bcr-like domain of CeGAP exhibited activity not only on members of the C. elegans and human Rho subfamily but surprisingly also on C. elegans Ras protein (let-60), human Ras, and Rab3A. CeGAP is therefore the first GTPase-activating protein acting on Ras-related proteins across different subfamilies. Together with the presence of the pleckstrin homo...
Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomical... more Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.
Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomical... more Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.
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