A study was conducted to evaluate the behavioral change related with learning and memory due to t... more A study was conducted to evaluate the behavioral change related with learning and memory due to the toxicity of Acetamiprid. On 24 healthy male Sprague dawley rats (12 for contextual fear condition and 12 for modified step-down model) the study was performed. Treated animal showed impaired learning and memory in both Contextual fear condition and Modified Step-down model of behavioral assays. Key word: Learning and memory, Acetamiprid, behavior, Sprague dawley rat.
The pathology of acute acetamiprid toxicity in female wistar rats in reported. The approximate le... more The pathology of acute acetamiprid toxicity in female wistar rats in reported. The approximate lethal dose (ALD) by oral route was found to be 506 mgkg−1 body weight. The toxicity signs were respiratory distress, hyperaesthesia, extensive tremors and terminal clonic convulsion, coma and death. At necropsy, severe haemorrhages in lungs and mild congestion in liver were noticed. Microscopically, congestion, haemorrhages and necrosis were found in liver, lungs, spleen and heart.
In both Africa and Asia, elephant habitat is being replaced by agriculture — both smallscale subs... more In both Africa and Asia, elephant habitat is being replaced by agriculture — both smallscale subsistence agriculture and international agribusiness. The animals are being squeezed into smaller and smaller areas of remaining natural habitat, which are surrounded by crops that elephants like to eat. As a result, elephants frequently raid and destroy the fields. Small farmers - often desperately poor and economically vulnerable, and sometimes forced by circumstances to encroach into elephant habitat - can lose their entire livelihood overnight to an elephant raid. There are also deaths and injuries on both sides. The Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) recently become very common and it covers headlines in major national and regional newspapers. The elephants were killed due to poaching, electrocution, man-animal conflict and mining related activities in the states like Orissa, West Bengal, Chhatisgarh, Assam, Meghalaya, Karnataka and Kerala. The instances of man-animal conflict have grown in recent years in Orissa. There are cases of human kill, human injury, cattle kill, house damage and crop damage and also retaliatory killing of wild elephants. During last seven years from 2001 to 2007, elephant depredation cases have been recorded and compassionate payment made to the victims or to the family members of victims. 45.56 % was paid in cases of human kill, 1.48% in human injury, 0.12% in cattle kill, 14.15% in house damage and 38.66 % in instances of crop damage. During this period elephants damaged 23,241 acres of paddy crop. During the period of seven years from 2001-02 to 2007-08, a total of 365 human beings killed in elephant attack, which more or less shows an increasing trend with maximum deaths during 2006. Maximum of human deaths recorded during this period were mostly from Keonjhar district, followed by Sambalpur and Sundargarh. In our country, most wildlife species including elephants are nearing extinction as expansion for agriculture and human settlements have taken over their habitats. All these pressures call for rational long-term solutions. The following measures need to be undertaken inside Protected Areas (PAs) to keep the wild elephants in their natural habitats. The measures include : • creating more elephant reserves; • raising / improving fodder resources; • improving water facilities; • installing solar electric fencing; • increasing communication network; • changing crop pattern around PAs • Capacity building of the villagers and forest dwellers • Encouraging traditional knowledge and local innovations and • To increase awareness campaign among inhabitants around Elephants habitats and the common man. Presence of wild animal populations like elephants which inflict costs on local communities around its protected areas, may in turn, develop negative attitudes among local residents towards elephant reserves and elephant particular. We must think for tangible long term solutions so that man and elephant can live together. Instead of Human-Elephant Conflict in coming days we must do everything for Human-Elephant Co-existence.
A study was conducted to evaluate the behavioral change related with learning and memory due to t... more A study was conducted to evaluate the behavioral change related with learning and memory due to the toxicity of Acetamiprid. On 24 healthy male Sprague dawley rats (12 for contextual fear condition and 12 for modified step-down model) the study was performed. Treated animal showed impaired learning and memory in both Contextual fear condition and Modified Step-down model of behavioral assays. Key word: Learning and memory, Acetamiprid, behavior, Sprague dawley rat.
The pathology of acute acetamiprid toxicity in female wistar rats in reported. The approximate le... more The pathology of acute acetamiprid toxicity in female wistar rats in reported. The approximate lethal dose (ALD) by oral route was found to be 506 mgkg−1 body weight. The toxicity signs were respiratory distress, hyperaesthesia, extensive tremors and terminal clonic convulsion, coma and death. At necropsy, severe haemorrhages in lungs and mild congestion in liver were noticed. Microscopically, congestion, haemorrhages and necrosis were found in liver, lungs, spleen and heart.
In both Africa and Asia, elephant habitat is being replaced by agriculture — both smallscale subs... more In both Africa and Asia, elephant habitat is being replaced by agriculture — both smallscale subsistence agriculture and international agribusiness. The animals are being squeezed into smaller and smaller areas of remaining natural habitat, which are surrounded by crops that elephants like to eat. As a result, elephants frequently raid and destroy the fields. Small farmers - often desperately poor and economically vulnerable, and sometimes forced by circumstances to encroach into elephant habitat - can lose their entire livelihood overnight to an elephant raid. There are also deaths and injuries on both sides. The Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) recently become very common and it covers headlines in major national and regional newspapers. The elephants were killed due to poaching, electrocution, man-animal conflict and mining related activities in the states like Orissa, West Bengal, Chhatisgarh, Assam, Meghalaya, Karnataka and Kerala. The instances of man-animal conflict have grown in recent years in Orissa. There are cases of human kill, human injury, cattle kill, house damage and crop damage and also retaliatory killing of wild elephants. During last seven years from 2001 to 2007, elephant depredation cases have been recorded and compassionate payment made to the victims or to the family members of victims. 45.56 % was paid in cases of human kill, 1.48% in human injury, 0.12% in cattle kill, 14.15% in house damage and 38.66 % in instances of crop damage. During this period elephants damaged 23,241 acres of paddy crop. During the period of seven years from 2001-02 to 2007-08, a total of 365 human beings killed in elephant attack, which more or less shows an increasing trend with maximum deaths during 2006. Maximum of human deaths recorded during this period were mostly from Keonjhar district, followed by Sambalpur and Sundargarh. In our country, most wildlife species including elephants are nearing extinction as expansion for agriculture and human settlements have taken over their habitats. All these pressures call for rational long-term solutions. The following measures need to be undertaken inside Protected Areas (PAs) to keep the wild elephants in their natural habitats. The measures include : • creating more elephant reserves; • raising / improving fodder resources; • improving water facilities; • installing solar electric fencing; • increasing communication network; • changing crop pattern around PAs • Capacity building of the villagers and forest dwellers • Encouraging traditional knowledge and local innovations and • To increase awareness campaign among inhabitants around Elephants habitats and the common man. Presence of wild animal populations like elephants which inflict costs on local communities around its protected areas, may in turn, develop negative attitudes among local residents towards elephant reserves and elephant particular. We must think for tangible long term solutions so that man and elephant can live together. Instead of Human-Elephant Conflict in coming days we must do everything for Human-Elephant Co-existence.
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