This study assessed the level of awareness of climate change and its perceived impacts and adapta... more This study assessed the level of awareness of climate change and its perceived impacts and adaptation methods among peasant farmers in a forest-savanna transition zone of Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, 162 households were selected from five communities in Odo-Otin local government area of Osun State, Nigeria for questionnaire survey. Data obtained were summarized using frequency, percentages and mean. Respondents were mostly male (69.0%), with average age of 52 years, and mean monthly income of ₦ 9,500 with primary education (65.5%). Most of the farmers were smallholders with an average of 2.6 acres of farmland, acquired mostly through inheritance (49%), with considerable (average of 15.5 years) farming experience. Majority (76.0%) of the farmers claimed to be aware of climate change which manifested in the form of flooding (42.5%), soil erosion (22.3%) and drought (24.8%), while 51.8%of the respondents identified climate change as a possible cause of dwindling crop yield. Electronic (73.6%) and print (36.4%) media were identified as sources of climate change information, with no reference to extension agents. Farmers perceived rainfall (62.0%) and temperature (32.4%) as elements that have changed considerably in recent years, while irrigation (32.1%), planting of drought-resistant species (20.4%), and shifting cultivation (16.3%) were identified as common adaptation strategies. However, over 30% of the farmers adjudged their chosen adaptation measures ineffective. This has brought to the fore the gap between level of awareness of climate change and adaptive capacity of the farmers. Future research should be targeted at addressing this missing link. Keywords: Climate change, adaptive capacity, crop yield
The study examined the stop-making behaviour of households during evening commute across resident... more The study examined the stop-making behaviour of households during evening commute across residential zones in Ibadan, Nigeria. 1,794 commuting household heads were selected from 15 wards in the city. Significant relationships were established between evening intervening stops and most socioeconomic characteristics. Moreover, a significant relationship was found between residential zone and time added to evening commute, while distance added to evening commute varied across the three residential zones. Unlike most previous studies, the study came up with some important findings that are capable of enhancing our understanding of the trip-chaining behaviour of households with no access to private vehicles.
Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, 2021
Local governance encompasses the involvement of local governments and other community-based organ... more Local governance encompasses the involvement of local governments and other community-based organizations in participatory decision-making for efficient delivery of public services. In the developing world, however, the weakness of the local government and local governance has inhibited the efficient and effective delivery of these services. Relying on water and sanitation data and interviews of relevant officials, this study analyses the structure of governance of water supply and sanitation (WSS) at the community levels in selected medium-sized urban centres in Nigeria. Results showed that majority of the city dwellers lacked access to safe water and sanitation, an indication of convoluted, poorly regulated provision regimes and the waning capacity of local governments to galvanize local actions towards the efficient provision and management of these services at community levels. Multiple provision regimes, weak coordinating and regulatory frameworks characterize WSS governance. F...
Mobility plays a crucial role in joining activity's locations to each other, enabling social ... more Mobility plays a crucial role in joining activity's locations to each other, enabling social contact, and facilitating the movement of people and goods from and to various locations. This study investigates the mobility characteristics of peri-urban communities in selected cities of Southwest Nigeria. We selected 505 respondents from the 11 peri-urban communities for the questionnaire survey using a stratified sampling technique. The data were summarised using frequency, mean and mode while ANOVA and Chi-square were used to test for the significant difference in inter-community and gender variations in mobility variables. Findings revealed a substantial variation in the distance separating the peri-urban communities and the city centres. Most of the respondents (81.4%) indicated that the roads in their communities were not paved, with adverse effects on their mobility. The peri-urban communities are served by informal transit modes, with more than 33% of the respondents relying ...
ABSTRACT This study considers seven commonly used surface fitting methods within Golden Software ... more ABSTRACT This study considers seven commonly used surface fitting methods within Golden Software and ArcGIS™ environments. Using grid sizes of 68 rows by 100 columns (6800 grids) and 680 rows by 1000 columns (680,000 grids) and 294,208 elevation points covering the entire landmass of Nigeria, the study evaluates the performance of these methods in terms of execution time and faithfulness in the representation of the spatial elements. Results show marked differences in time taken to execute the fitting and that Inverse Distance, the Natural Neighbor, the Nearest Neighbor, and Triangulation with Linear Interpolation seem to give the highest level of correspondence or faithfulness.
ABSTRACT While empirical works that analyse rural–urban differentials in accessibility to health ... more ABSTRACT While empirical works that analyse rural–urban differentials in accessibility to health services are common in the developing countries, systematic studies focusing on intra-urban variations in accessibility to overall healthcare resources remain scant. Yet, many urban dwellers especially in the Sub-Saharan Africa have to travel long distances within the urban space to access basic health services. This study employs composed index of critical accessibility (CICA) to analyse differentials in access to health resources in Ibadan, a traditional African City. Data on healthcare centre location, ownership, doctors’ population were collected through field survey while spatial data on the administrative units and populated places were obtained from archival sources. Also, data on road networks was collected. Results show that the distribution of health facilities across local administrative units varies. In terms health facilities, Ibadan South West has 26 (36 %) of the total number while Ibadan South east has only 7 (9.8 %). The Doctor-Population Ratio also exhibits similar variations as Ibadan North has 20.5 as against 2.2, 1.9 and 0.3 for Ibadan SW, Ibadan NW and Ibadan NE respectively. The CICA analysis shows that 228,938 inhabitants are in high risk of negative accessibility while 49,234 are faced with condition of low risk of negative accessibility, which implies that a significant proportion of the population still finds it difficult to access basic health services as and when needed. The variations in the distribution of this deprived population are also noteworthy as the largest proportion of this group was localized in Ibadan NW. This has grave implication for the health and wellbeing of the population and raises once again the question of spatial equity in the delivery of urban public service. Curiously, these differences in the level of accessibility cut across administrative boundaries which brings to the fore the role of jurisdictional partitioning in ensuring equity in the delivery of urban public services. This opens a vista of research opportunity into the role jurisdictional partitioning in service provision in the urban centres.
The environment of infrastructure location decision-making is in a flux: new thinking, ideologies... more The environment of infrastructure location decision-making is in a flux: new thinking, ideologies, social and environmental awareness coupled with political expediencies and economic imperatives are constantly changing the weights of factors considered in location decision making. As expected, existing models built on the pillars of profit maximisation and assumption of homo economicus—though still important—no longer capture the reality of the present situation in infrastructure location decisions. This article traces the trends in infrastructure (facility) location decision modelling and identifies productive areas of research that incorporate the oft-neglected factors of environment, politics and socio-cultural values into the location decision models.
This study assessed the level of awareness of climate change and its perceived impacts and adapta... more This study assessed the level of awareness of climate change and its perceived impacts and adaptation methods among peasant farmers in a forest-savanna transition zone of Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, 162 households were selected from five communities in Odo-Otin local government area of Osun State, Nigeria for questionnaire survey. Data obtained were summarized using frequency, percentages and mean. Respondents were mostly male (69.0%), with average age of 52 years, and mean monthly income of ₦ 9,500 with primary education (65.5%). Most of the farmers were smallholders with an average of 2.6 acres of farmland, acquired mostly through inheritance (49%), with considerable (average of 15.5 years) farming experience. Majority (76.0%) of the farmers claimed to be aware of climate change which manifested in the form of flooding (42.5%), soil erosion (22.3%) and drought (24.8%), while 51.8%of the respondents identified climate change as a possible cause of dwindling crop yield. Electronic (73.6%) and print (36.4%) media were identified as sources of climate change information, with no reference to extension agents. Farmers perceived rainfall (62.0%) and temperature (32.4%) as elements that have changed considerably in recent years, while irrigation (32.1%), planting of drought-resistant species (20.4%), and shifting cultivation (16.3%) were identified as common adaptation strategies. However, over 30% of the farmers adjudged their chosen adaptation measures ineffective. This has brought to the fore the gap between level of awareness of climate change and adaptive capacity of the farmers. Future research should be targeted at addressing this missing link. Keywords: Climate change, adaptive capacity, crop yield
The study examined the stop-making behaviour of households during evening commute across resident... more The study examined the stop-making behaviour of households during evening commute across residential zones in Ibadan, Nigeria. 1,794 commuting household heads were selected from 15 wards in the city. Significant relationships were established between evening intervening stops and most socioeconomic characteristics. Moreover, a significant relationship was found between residential zone and time added to evening commute, while distance added to evening commute varied across the three residential zones. Unlike most previous studies, the study came up with some important findings that are capable of enhancing our understanding of the trip-chaining behaviour of households with no access to private vehicles.
Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, 2021
Local governance encompasses the involvement of local governments and other community-based organ... more Local governance encompasses the involvement of local governments and other community-based organizations in participatory decision-making for efficient delivery of public services. In the developing world, however, the weakness of the local government and local governance has inhibited the efficient and effective delivery of these services. Relying on water and sanitation data and interviews of relevant officials, this study analyses the structure of governance of water supply and sanitation (WSS) at the community levels in selected medium-sized urban centres in Nigeria. Results showed that majority of the city dwellers lacked access to safe water and sanitation, an indication of convoluted, poorly regulated provision regimes and the waning capacity of local governments to galvanize local actions towards the efficient provision and management of these services at community levels. Multiple provision regimes, weak coordinating and regulatory frameworks characterize WSS governance. F...
Mobility plays a crucial role in joining activity's locations to each other, enabling social ... more Mobility plays a crucial role in joining activity's locations to each other, enabling social contact, and facilitating the movement of people and goods from and to various locations. This study investigates the mobility characteristics of peri-urban communities in selected cities of Southwest Nigeria. We selected 505 respondents from the 11 peri-urban communities for the questionnaire survey using a stratified sampling technique. The data were summarised using frequency, mean and mode while ANOVA and Chi-square were used to test for the significant difference in inter-community and gender variations in mobility variables. Findings revealed a substantial variation in the distance separating the peri-urban communities and the city centres. Most of the respondents (81.4%) indicated that the roads in their communities were not paved, with adverse effects on their mobility. The peri-urban communities are served by informal transit modes, with more than 33% of the respondents relying ...
ABSTRACT This study considers seven commonly used surface fitting methods within Golden Software ... more ABSTRACT This study considers seven commonly used surface fitting methods within Golden Software and ArcGIS™ environments. Using grid sizes of 68 rows by 100 columns (6800 grids) and 680 rows by 1000 columns (680,000 grids) and 294,208 elevation points covering the entire landmass of Nigeria, the study evaluates the performance of these methods in terms of execution time and faithfulness in the representation of the spatial elements. Results show marked differences in time taken to execute the fitting and that Inverse Distance, the Natural Neighbor, the Nearest Neighbor, and Triangulation with Linear Interpolation seem to give the highest level of correspondence or faithfulness.
ABSTRACT While empirical works that analyse rural–urban differentials in accessibility to health ... more ABSTRACT While empirical works that analyse rural–urban differentials in accessibility to health services are common in the developing countries, systematic studies focusing on intra-urban variations in accessibility to overall healthcare resources remain scant. Yet, many urban dwellers especially in the Sub-Saharan Africa have to travel long distances within the urban space to access basic health services. This study employs composed index of critical accessibility (CICA) to analyse differentials in access to health resources in Ibadan, a traditional African City. Data on healthcare centre location, ownership, doctors’ population were collected through field survey while spatial data on the administrative units and populated places were obtained from archival sources. Also, data on road networks was collected. Results show that the distribution of health facilities across local administrative units varies. In terms health facilities, Ibadan South West has 26 (36 %) of the total number while Ibadan South east has only 7 (9.8 %). The Doctor-Population Ratio also exhibits similar variations as Ibadan North has 20.5 as against 2.2, 1.9 and 0.3 for Ibadan SW, Ibadan NW and Ibadan NE respectively. The CICA analysis shows that 228,938 inhabitants are in high risk of negative accessibility while 49,234 are faced with condition of low risk of negative accessibility, which implies that a significant proportion of the population still finds it difficult to access basic health services as and when needed. The variations in the distribution of this deprived population are also noteworthy as the largest proportion of this group was localized in Ibadan NW. This has grave implication for the health and wellbeing of the population and raises once again the question of spatial equity in the delivery of urban public service. Curiously, these differences in the level of accessibility cut across administrative boundaries which brings to the fore the role of jurisdictional partitioning in ensuring equity in the delivery of urban public services. This opens a vista of research opportunity into the role jurisdictional partitioning in service provision in the urban centres.
The environment of infrastructure location decision-making is in a flux: new thinking, ideologies... more The environment of infrastructure location decision-making is in a flux: new thinking, ideologies, social and environmental awareness coupled with political expediencies and economic imperatives are constantly changing the weights of factors considered in location decision making. As expected, existing models built on the pillars of profit maximisation and assumption of homo economicus—though still important—no longer capture the reality of the present situation in infrastructure location decisions. This article traces the trends in infrastructure (facility) location decision modelling and identifies productive areas of research that incorporate the oft-neglected factors of environment, politics and socio-cultural values into the location decision models.
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Papers by Kayode Samuel