Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB... more Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB, Kullander, SO, Rees, T., Watson, R., Pauly, D. and Froese, Rainer (2011) Using 'Aquamaps' for representing species distribution in Regional Seas The State of Biodiversity and Fisheries in Regional Seas. Fisheries Centre Research Reports, 19 . Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BD, Canady, pp. 17-21.
Abstract: The lack of comprehensive sighting data sets precludes the application of standard habi... more Abstract: The lack of comprehensive sighting data sets precludes the application of standard habitat suitability modeling approaches to predict distributions of the majority of marine mammal species on very large scales. As an alternative, we developed an ecological niche model to map global distributions of 115 cetacean and pinniped species living in the marine environment using more readily available expert knowledge about habitat usage. We started by assigning each species to broad-scale niche categories with respect to depth, sea- ...
Global climate change during the Late Pleistocene periodically encroached and then released habit... more Global climate change during the Late Pleistocene periodically encroached and then released habitat during the glacial cycles, causing range expansions and contractions in some species. These dynamics have played a major role in geographic radiations, diversification and speciation. We investigate these dynamics in the most widely distributed of marine mammals, the killer whale (Orcinus orca), using a global dataset of over 450 samples. This marine top predator inhabits coastal and pelagic ecosystems ranging from the ice edge to the tropics, often exhibiting ecological, behavioral and morphological variation suggestive of local adaptation accompanied by reproductive isolation. Results suggest a rapid global radiation occurred over the last 350,000 years. Based on habitat models, we estimated there was only a 15% global contraction of core suitable habitat during the Last Glacial Maximum, and the resources appeared to sustain a constant global effective female population size through...
Arctic animals face dramatic habitat alteration due to ongoing climate change. Understanding how ... more Arctic animals face dramatic habitat alteration due to ongoing climate change. Understanding how such species have responded to past glacial cycles can help us forecast their response to today's changing climate. Gray whales are among those marine species likely to be strongly affected by Arctic climate change, but a thorough analysis of past climate impacts on this species has been complicated by lack of information about an extinct population in the Atlantic. While little is known about the history of Atlantic gray whales or their relationship to the extant Pacific population, the extirpation of the Atlantic population during historical times has been attributed to whaling. We used a combination of ancient and modern DNA, radiocarbon dating and predictive habitat modelling to better understand the distribution of gray whales during the Pleistocene and Holocene. Our results reveal that dispersal between the Pacific and Atlantic was climate dependent and occurred both during the...
Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB... more Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB, Kullander, SO, Rees, T., Watson, R., Pauly, D. and Froese, Rainer (2011) Using 'Aquamaps' for representing species distribution in Regional Seas The State of Biodiversity and Fisheries in Regional Seas. Fisheries Centre Research Reports, 19 . Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BD, Canady, pp. 17-21.
Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB... more Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB, Kullander, SO, Rees, T., Watson, R., Pauly, D. and Froese, Rainer (2011) Using 'Aquamaps' for representing species distribution in Regional Seas The State of Biodiversity and Fisheries in Regional Seas. Fisheries Centre Research Reports, 19 . Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BD, Canady, pp. 17-21.
Abstract: The lack of comprehensive sighting data sets precludes the application of standard habi... more Abstract: The lack of comprehensive sighting data sets precludes the application of standard habitat suitability modeling approaches to predict distributions of the majority of marine mammal species on very large scales. As an alternative, we developed an ecological niche model to map global distributions of 115 cetacean and pinniped species living in the marine environment using more readily available expert knowledge about habitat usage. We started by assigning each species to broad-scale niche categories with respect to depth, sea- ...
Global climate change during the Late Pleistocene periodically encroached and then released habit... more Global climate change during the Late Pleistocene periodically encroached and then released habitat during the glacial cycles, causing range expansions and contractions in some species. These dynamics have played a major role in geographic radiations, diversification and speciation. We investigate these dynamics in the most widely distributed of marine mammals, the killer whale (Orcinus orca), using a global dataset of over 450 samples. This marine top predator inhabits coastal and pelagic ecosystems ranging from the ice edge to the tropics, often exhibiting ecological, behavioral and morphological variation suggestive of local adaptation accompanied by reproductive isolation. Results suggest a rapid global radiation occurred over the last 350,000 years. Based on habitat models, we estimated there was only a 15% global contraction of core suitable habitat during the Last Glacial Maximum, and the resources appeared to sustain a constant global effective female population size through...
Arctic animals face dramatic habitat alteration due to ongoing climate change. Understanding how ... more Arctic animals face dramatic habitat alteration due to ongoing climate change. Understanding how such species have responded to past glacial cycles can help us forecast their response to today's changing climate. Gray whales are among those marine species likely to be strongly affected by Arctic climate change, but a thorough analysis of past climate impacts on this species has been complicated by lack of information about an extinct population in the Atlantic. While little is known about the history of Atlantic gray whales or their relationship to the extant Pacific population, the extirpation of the Atlantic population during historical times has been attributed to whaling. We used a combination of ancient and modern DNA, radiocarbon dating and predictive habitat modelling to better understand the distribution of gray whales during the Pleistocene and Holocene. Our results reveal that dispersal between the Pacific and Atlantic was climate dependent and occurred both during the...
Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB... more Kaschner, K., Ready, JS, Agbayani, E., Kesner-Reyes, K., Rius-Barile, J., Eastwood, PD, South, AB, Kullander, SO, Rees, T., Watson, R., Pauly, D. and Froese, Rainer (2011) Using 'Aquamaps' for representing species distribution in Regional Seas The State of Biodiversity and Fisheries in Regional Seas. Fisheries Centre Research Reports, 19 . Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BD, Canady, pp. 17-21.
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Papers by Kristin Kaschner